I1llllillMl1lllIliili ＩｌＩＩＩｉｌｉｉｉ ！ ilM IllllllMl1llllj1i 卿

咄皿『・・，‐‐０厘一Ⅳ・・１ｈ．’

趣円甲Ｐ

illl Nｏ８２ lifKi職BURAKULIBERATIONRESEARCHINSTITUTE

1-SP12,Kuboyoshi,Naniwa-ku,OsakaCity,Ｓ５ｅＪａｐａｎ

ＴＥＬ(ＯＧ)Ei6B-1300ＦＡＸ(０６)５６８－０門４

JamaryD9S

DiscussionStarted

ＣｙＰ'叩αⅢＢ脚伽PmZ'ん川Ｍ"αＨ川伽RigﾉｶＭＤＯ此蜘

勿Ｒ"肋gPtJ伽ｓ ｑ

Amongthemovementswhichhave beencarriedoutsincel98Sforthe

enactmentofthclFundamentalLawfor

BurakuLiberationI,thePIQjectonProblems ofHumanRightsandDiscriminationI

finallystartedunderthePolicyMiustment Conlcrencebytherulingparties・Ｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｍｅｅｔｉｎｇｗａｓｈｅｌｄａｔ４ＰＭｏｎＤecember 7,1994intheSecondCon化rencごRoomoftheHouseofCouncilors・Asthemain

purposeandohjectoftheprclect,itwas

confImedatthemeetingtodiscusshuman rightspoliciesinJapan，includinga iFundamentalLawforBurakuLiberationi，

ａｎｄｓｏｍｅｉｔｅｍｓｗｅＩｃａｇｌＣｅｄｔｏｏｒｓｅttledon concerningthemanagementoftheprcject、Otheritemsdecidedatthemeetingwereas fbllows:itistobefomedbyeightmembems (SfromtheLiberalDemocraticPartyl3 fromtheSocialDemocraticPartyland2 iromtheSakigake);thechaimanistobe

chooseMiDmeachparty,takingturnsevery threemonths（ＬｉｈＤｅｍ.：fromDec・ｔｏ

ＭａＩｃｈ，SocialDem.：ｆｒｏｍＭａｒｃｈｔｏＭａｙ， Sakigakke：fromJunetoAug.)；meetingｓ ａｒｅｔｏｂｅｈｅｌｄｏｎｃｅｅｖｅｒｙｏｔｈｅｒｗｅｅｋ；ｉｆ

necessary，thechairmeetingmaybeheld beforetheregularmeeting；andad-hoc meetingsmaybecalledwheneverandofthe

chairsproposes．

A〃肋〃p小ctm〃がJUgMZJ〃、〃Cs伽〃脚〃、J伽伽(ＨＲ/i川､)’

ＯｎＤｅｃｅｍｂｅｒ６，１９９４the1United

OppositionGroup，KaikakuIalsohada meeting,PrOjectonDowaMeasuresand

HumanRightsProblems1・MnMiyazaki，PresidentofDistrictMeasuresCouncil；Ｍ１：

Kikuchi，MaMgementandCoordination

Agency；MIZSumitani，ChiefofDistrict MeasuresmpOrtedａｎｄｍａｄｅｃｏｍｍｅｎtｓｏｎ

cｏｎｔｅｎｔｓ

Pmjec/o"Ｂ"Ｍ伽ＰＣ肌伽

Zﾘﾉﾉ伽加ｇＰａ７伽（１）

S川伽ＺＭＭ肋g/i,｢助３Ｊ態肱川e"/(｡）

AMJ-PtJc肱加川"ＲｊｇｈＬＦα"〃(のDjMr伽〃/oryQuSc（５）Lj花川ｙＷｂｒＡｨ8-ノ(刀B"rαAr"Ｐ、肱川Ｑ＆Ａ（Jの

Sociαノル〃ﾉqp川e"町〃）

ＢＵＲＡＫＵＬＩＢＥＲＡＴｌＯＮＮＥＷＳ

ＮｏｗｔｈａｔｔｈｅｍａｊｏｒｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅＤｉｅｔ

ｍｅｍbershavesigned，approvingthe enactmentofthcFundamentalLaw，ｔｈｃ

ｕｔｍｏｓｔｅｆｆｏｒｔｉｓｔｏｂｅｅｘｐｅｃｔｅｄｆorthc enactmentofthelawduringtheOrdinary DietSessionstartinginJanuaIy,199ｓ．

subjectsincludingthereviewoftheDowa measuresproLjectsoftwentyfiveyears,as wellasthepresentsituationandｔａｓｋｓｂａｓｅｄ ｏｎｔｈｅ１９３ｍｉｄ－ｔｅｒｍｒｅｐｏｒｔofthe

Governmentlnvestigation1．

FCM川c〃e"、/Ｗ肌(j〃８Ｍ"Ⅲ"ｗＩ伽〃"ｇ肋ｅｍｅ〃Ｏｍｉ川〃Ｄ〃ＳＣＭⅢ

Enli窪htenmentNeededThroughSettingUpHumanRightsPolicy

S"川川":Ⅳ!〃.肋eSPeecﾉＭｌＷごＭｇ五,C〃〃"肌"〃BLL

ArSMzmirMMi"gﾉｉＤ７Ｅ"Jigﾉｶ加川e"Z

ＴｈｅｒｅａｒｅｔｗｏｋｉｎｄｓｏｆＢｕｒａｋｕ

discrimination,asindicatedintheReportof theDowａＰｏｌｉｃｙＣｏｕｎｃｉｌ：ｆａｃｔｕａｌ ｄｉｓｃｒｉｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｐｓｙｃｈｏlogical discrimination・EnlighteningactivityisanoperationaimingatsolvingBuraku problemsthrougheliminatingpsychological discriminationamongpeoploTheactivity willbecomeamoreimpoｒｔａｎｔｔａｓｋｆｏｒｔｈｅ １１Ｄｏｗａｉ１ａｄｍｉnistration・Thenationalbudgetforenlightenmentactivity，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ， accountsforonly１３％oftheentireamount ofthebudgetforDowaactivities，which meansl3yenperpellson

Bural、discriminationhaspersistentlybeenrootedinJapanesesocietysincethe FeudalAgefOrmorethanfourhundred yearsｌｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｓｗｅｅｐｉｔａｗａｙ，drastic measureswillberequiredinenlightening activity,amongotherthingslwouldliketo commentonbasicissuesforachievingthis goal：

ⅡReg"Z(J加川'ＩｍＺｗＭｃＭＺｌＷＪ〃肋e

lDcaJp"ＭＣＣ"Zili側：

ＡｓｏｆＮｏｖｅｍｂｅｒｌｌ,1994,onehundred

andseventeenlocalpublicentitieshave enacted1RegulationsfortheEliminationof BurakuDiscriminationandtheProtectionｏｆ

ＨｕｍａｎＲｉｇｈｔｓ１，andsixhundredandseven entitieshaveenactedtheIDeclarationonthe

EliminationofBurakuDiscriminatiｏｎａｎｄ

ｔｈｅＰrotectionofHumanRightslsofaIZ Followingthemovementoftheselocal publicentities，thecentralGovemmentis requiredtｏｗｏｒｋｏｕｔｔｈｅｅｎａｃｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅ １Ｈ１ｎdamentalLawibrBulakuLiberation'１．

Inspiteofthelactthatvanoustypesof discriminationhaveexistedinJapanese society，includingBurakudiscrimination， governmentpoliciesforeliminating

ｎａｃｋ川〃ん《Zge伽ＪｗＭ"加川的〃

肌ＭＷｉ"､伽川"mJpoi伽〃加川ｓ

(Ｍ加川'抑〃伽の

ﾉMJJjcio伽伽Sc〃加川〃Ⅳi川jZHe"ｊＭＤｍ'＠伽〃伽〃:(５mⅢ":yⅢ伽の

２

趣BURAKULlBERATlONNEWS

discriminationandprotectinghumanrights leavemuchtobedesired､Ｔｈｉｓｉｓｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｅｄ

ｉｎｔｈｅｌｏｗｌｅｗｌｏｆａwaIcnessofhuman

rightsproblems，includingtheBuraku problem,amongtheJapanesepeople．

andthePIotectionofHumanRights1andset upadministrativeinstitutionsforthe enlightenmentofhumanrights・Furtherdevelopmentandexpansionisexpectedinto anation-widemovement・Ａｌｓｏ，ａｒｅleif

institutionwillbeneededlbrthesupportof thediscriminated，ａｎｄｔｈｅ１Ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅｆｏｒ

ＥｌｉｍｉｎatingDiscriminationand EstablishmentofHumanRightsvshouldbe lbmedinthenationalandlocalassemblies、

Ｔｈｅｓｅｃｏｎｄｉｓｓｕｅｉｓｔｏｂｕｉｌｄｕｐｔｈｅ ｓｙstemtoeducatepeoplewithregardto Buralmandhumanrightsproblems・Asysteminwhich1DowaiandhuInanrights cducationisconsistentlyprovide｡，starting withpreschoolersandcontinuingthrough thecollegelevelshouldbesetupAlsothe conditionslbrliMongeducationshouldbe arrangedsothatanybodycanlearnanytime andanywhere・Inthisrespect，weproposCthatsuchiacilitiesasaＨｕｍａｎRights DepartmentinUniversities，aNational

MorguｅｏｆＨｕｍａｎＲｉｇｈｔｓ，ａｎｄａＬｉＭｏｎｇ ＬｅａｒｎｉｎｇＣｅｎｔｅｒｏｆＨｕｍａnRightsare foundedAstotheexistingoRegionalCenter forImprovementandEnlightenment1,these ftlcilitiesaIctobeoperateddemocratically throughintroducingthedistrict representativesastheirexecutivemanagers andstair,andfnrthｅｒｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｉｓｔｏｂｅ ｄｅｓｉｒｅｄ

ＴｈｅｔhildissueistoIcquesteconomic circleｓｔｏｗｏｒｋｏｎＢｕｌａｌｍｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｍｏｒｅ ｓｅｌiously6TWentyyearshavealreadypassed sincethe1BurakuListslwe１℃disclosedYet

very化wcompanieshaveworkcdontheproblｅｍｓｓｏｌｔｌ正WeproposethateconomicbodiessuchasKei-dan-Ren(ＦＭerationof EconomicOrganizations）andNikkei-ren （theJapanFederationofEmployersi Associations）setupadepartmcntdealing withBurakuandhumanlightsproblemsso thattheseproblemsmaybeinvolvedatthe basisofbusinessadministrationThefourth

issueisto1℃questthemassmediaformoIC activeinvolvementonBurakuandhuman

rightsproblems・Ｗｅｐｒｏｐｏｓｅａｓｕｍｍｉｔ

〃、鮒Ｈ川棚Ｒ妙ＭＭＺ伽iMbeUU伽伽''１Ｍ川rｌＩ

Inthisinternationalizedsocietylwe shouldrecognizeamongusadiverse dilTelcnceofrace,nation,language,Icligion andcultureandweshouldhavethevision

oflivingtogetheronthisglobeasequal citizens・Yetculturalandracialfrictions

haveoccurredhereandthere、Weare

concernedaboutdiscriminationbeing enlargedandenforcedUnderthese cilcumstances,itisanessentialtaskforthe

Govemmenttosetuphumanrightspolicies topromotelntureenlightenmentactivity・

Thefirstissueistoratiiyurgentlyand completelytheHumanRightsTreaties enactedbytheUnitedNations,incｌｕｄｉｎｇｔｈｅ １ＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎｏｎｔｈｅ

ＥｌｉｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｌｌＦｏｒｍｓofRacial

DiscriminationI・Inordertoeliminate

discriminationandsetuphumanrights,itis alsoessentialtolegislatelawssuchasthe 1FilndamentalLawforBurakuLiberation1， thelnewlawfbrtheAinuiandtheILaｗｏｎ

ｔｈｅＷａｒＲｅparationsandProtectionof HumanRightMbrtheNativesofthe]Pbmer ColoniesandtheirDescendantsResidingin Japani・ReoIganizationofadministrativesystemisalsoessential､WCproposethatthe govemmentestabｌｉｓｈａＭｉｎｉｓｔｒｙｏｆＨｕｍａｎ Ｒｉｇｈｔｓａｓｉｔsnationaladministrative oIganizationfortheenbodymentofthis idea．

Irisrw"10'y肌測ｓｍｃｅＢ"剛上〃LiFなｗ〃dliScjbsM

Aconsiderablenumberoflocalpublic entitieshaveenactedthelRegulationsfor theE1iminationofBurakuDiscrimination

３

一心BURAKULlBERATIONNEWS

DowaMcasuresCouncilintheCabinet

reportedtotheGovernmentasfbllows:I1Itis anationalresponsibilityａｓｗｅｌｌａｓａｔａｓｋｏｆ ａｌｌｏｆｕｓＪａｐａｎｅｓｅtosolvetheDowa problemVThesolutionoftheproblemisa matterofuIgency、 Takingthis commemorativeoccasio､，theJapanese GovernmentandtheDietshouldissuea

StatementorDeclarationｔｏｔｈｅＳｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆ

ＢｕｒａｋｕａｎｄＨｕｍａｎＲightsproblemsand startanationalcampaigninordertosolve theproblems、WiththispropoMllwillconcludemyspeech

meetingforenlightenmentbymcdialeaders topromotetheissue．

〃ｉｓ仇”Ｗ〃ｓ城〃伽叩o〃〃tﾉｂｅＤｏ１ＭＣｏＭｃｉｌ

Ｔﾉ､ＣＧⅡ〃""U肌加川〃ｊＦＭｅ肋Ｃ

Ｍ蛇"肥〃ｏ〃ＢＪ"Ⅶz伽αJDC〃i〃〃〃'９'０町pob陀川ｓ

Ｔｈｅｙｅａｒｌ９９ＳｉｓｔｈｅＳＯｔｈｙｅａｒａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅ ｅｎｄｏｆＷｏｒｌｄＷａｒＩＩ，aswellasthe

anniversaryofthefoundationoftheUnited Nations、Ｉｔｉｓａｌｓｏｔｈｅ３０ｔｈｙｅａｒｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅ

OpeningEventsHeld

AtAsia-PacificHumanRightsInhmlationCenterOfYice

ＴｈｅＡｓｉａＰａｃｉｆｉｃＨｕｍａｎＲｉｇｈｔｓ

ＩｎｆｏｍationCenteropenedofficiallyaftera

ten-yeareffortsoftheBurakuLiberation

Movement、ＯｎＤｅｃｅｍｂｅｒ７，ａｎｏｐｅｎｉｎｇ

ｃｅｒｅｍｏｎｙａｎｄａｓｙｍｐｏｓｉｕｍto commemoratetheoccasionwereheldatthe

office，ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｌｏｃａｔｅｄｉｎｆｒｏｎｔｏｆｔｈｅ

ＢｅｎｔenchorailwaytationinOsaka．Ｍ正

KinhideMushakcji,PIcsidentoftheCenter addressedtheseremarks，I1toshare

infomationanddothebestfordeveloping humanrightsintheAsiaandPacificareasi1，

andexpressedhisgratitudefbrallthe

supportgiventotheCente正Itwasdecided

thattheoiricebecallediHunlanRights

Osakai、GuestsspeechesweregivenbyM正

ThomasMcCarthyl SeniorAdvisertoUN

HighCommissioner

forHuma、Rights;MIz

Nakagawa，Governor ofOsaka；ａｎｄＭｒ･

ＮｉｓｈｉｑＭａｙｏｒｏｆ Ｏｓａｋａ．

刷取Eu冨計的澱

Tel：O6-S77-3S77

Fax:O6-S77-3S83

４

｡BURAKULIBERATlONNEWS

ImestigationonNe窪lected1UndesignatedDistrict1DiscriminatorySCreeningfmJobApplicantsinIshilKawaPref

〃ｐ〃MDz〃肋e〔Z〃肋α加川〃川柳舵α加川伽〃c〃i例c1/:/iz川jbwgis伽加"・GoMm陀川jo"Q/Ｕ"嫉edM〃JiM"o"Ｆ〃川DeCdI)Ｍ：

〃"e,１９卯／ﾉｊｅＢＬＬノooAEa化ααj"８ｍﾉＢｉ〃ｊ川peclj"ｇα"αli川esjjgaZj"９１"加乞sjg"αZea

伽"j伽(B〃α〃〃oMesjg"αＭＭ９川加此川"'i"ｇＰｍ/e川口/ＤＯＷα〃Zea川川),α"αj〃

"egot〃"ｇｗｊＩﾉ！〃ﾉｅＭ"Ｍ伽i"帥α、'e川/jo7伽皿)ＭＦ鰍ａｗａＰ(!/i2cZ川,伽ＢＬＬｊ"91MＭノ

αZ’０川ﾉieルcLnwe伽ａｊＭｚ側〃ｗｙｇＭＭ?Ｗ/jeDowam川jjoMsMjα'jo〃cWWlnwa

P蛾α川（ＭｊＡｕａｗａｊＩｕｅルＤｏＫ)）o火川ｅｍ７ｉＭｊ〃α"α川s伽〃ZﾉｊｅノＷ/i2a川ｐ〃伽c｢加川toⅣ９脚'jomjo〃ｅｗｇｍａ川esi加川ノノIigﾉﾉSc/Zooノα/ｅ〃ん川e"川c川"j"９〃〃Ｖｉｅｗｓ．

inspectionteamtoseeadiscriminated

districLAdmittingtheneglectfulattitudeof

theadministration,theydeclared，'IWehave moresuchdistricts・Thisconditionhereis

nottheworst１１．

１，１９７３，theMinistriesofLaborand

Educationsetupaunifiedapplicationibm

forhighschoolgraduatesalloverthe

country，inplaceoftheapplicationfoms

providedbyenterprises，Ｉｔｗａｓａｌｏｎｇ ｗａｉｔｅｄａｃｔｉｏｎｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｒelevantstate

administrationagainstfrequentlyoccumng

incidentsofdiscriminationinemployment・

Aftertwentyyearsnow,however,avoiceis

heardthatthegoodintentionofthesystem hasbeenlost・

Respondingtotheproposalbythe NationalDowaEducationAssociation(Zen-

Do-Kyo),IshikawaKen-Do-Kyo(President：

NobuhisaSakumoto,organizedinJulW91）

conCluctedasurvey，iFactsabout

EmploymentExaminationoofhighschool

studentswhoappliedforemploymentin l993・TWothousandsevenhundredand

thirｔｙｆｏｕｒｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｓｏｕｔｏｆｔｈｅ３,８１９who

answereClsaidthattheywererequiredto

submitcopiesofeithertheirfamily registrationortheir肥sidentcarClsor，ｔｈａｔ

Theinvestigationof1undesignated

districtsiintheHokurikuregionwascarried

outforthreedaysstartingJunezO,1994,

followedbynegotiationswithrelevant

administrations（reportedonNo、1676).In

lshikawaPrefecturetheproblemofunfair

screeningofnewgraduatesfromhigh

schoolwithdiscriminatoryquestionsfrom

employerswasputbeforetheprefectural

govemment．

ＲｅｕＷＭｊＪＬ/Ｍ友"αj"９８〃ＷＤｙ

ＩＳﾉi伽ｗｊｔＵル､ＭＯＵ

ＴｈｅＢＬＬｉｎｔｅｒｖｉｅｗｅｄＧｏｖｅｒｎｏｒ，

EmimotooflshikawaPrefectureandhad

negotiationswiththeHatanaka,Chiefofthe

GeneralAffairsDepartment，aswellas

negotiationswiththe・Kanazawacity

administration・Thisadministrationrepeated

thesameanswerthattheyoncegavetothe stateauthoritiesofDowadistrictsinthe

pre化cturealthoughtheyhavediscardedtheinformationandthedata・Theyadded，

however,'１Itmaybeinevitabletodesignate

Dowadistrictifwegetaresponseliomany

discriminatedBuraku11・Ｔｈｅｎｅｘｔｄａｙｔｗｏｏｆ｢icialsfromthecityjoinedtheBLL

５

○BURAKULlBERATlONNEWS

receivedofficialnoticesofacceptancc Furthermore，ｓｏｍｅｈａｄｔｏａｎｓｗｅｒｓｕｃｈ

ｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓａｓ：Ｉ１Ｉｎｗｈｉｃｈｒｅｌｉｇｉｏｎor

denominationdoyoubelieve?''；IIWhatis

yourfavoritepoliticalparty?Ⅱ；Ｉ１Ｗｈａｔｄｏ ｙｏｕｔｈｉｎｋｏｆＰＫＯ，andnuclearpower

plants?Ⅱ，andsoonThosequestionswerc

nothiｎｇｂｕｔａｎｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａtionintothe

applicantsithoughtsandideologies

Manystudentswerequestionedabout

theirhomeemvironment,theoccupationsof theirparcntsandotherfamilyInembers・I1Ifeltuncomfortablewhenlwasaskedsuch

questionslike,i1whatismyfatherdoing,

ｈｏｗｏｌｄｉｓｈｅ，ｈｏｗｍａｎｙｆａｍｉｌｙｍｅｍｂｅｒｓ

ｄｏｌｈaveandwhataretheydoingThey

especiallypesteredmewithquestionsabout

mymother1I；’１Theyaskedmeaboutmy

parentsIoccupationsandtooknotesin

detail､Thatannoyedme1i・Somewereeven

asked，IIHowmanybrothersandsistersdo

yourparentshave?Ⅱ；’１Whydoyoulive

separatedfromyourparents?Ⅱｏｒ,ｉ１Ｗｈａｔａｒｅ

ｔｈｅｇｏｏｄｐｏｉｎｔｓａｎｄｂａｄpointsofyour

parents？Ｉncludedwasthecauseofdeathor

thereasonfordivorveoftheirparents､1,7Sl studentsoutof３，８１９ｗｅlcforcedtoanswer

suchquestions､EvensuchrumorsciIculated

as・ｉＩＹＯｕｗｉｌｌｎｅｖｅｒｂｅｅｍｐｌｏｙｅｄｂｙｔｈａｔ

companyunlessyoulivewithyourfathcr andmotheri1、Othersmetsuchquestionsas：

ｉ１Ｗｈａｔｂｌｏｏｄｔｙｐｅｄｏｙｏｕｈａｖｅ?Ⅱ；ＩＩＤｏｙｏｕ

ｓｍｏｋｅ，sniffglue，ｏｒｇｏｏｕｔｐｌａｙｉｎｇａｔ

ｎｉｇｈｔ?ＩｌＴｏｇｉｒｌｓ：Ｉ１Ｔｅｌｌｕｓｙｏｕｒｂｒｅａｓｔ,ｗａｉｓｔ

ａｎｄｈｉｐｓｉｚｅｓ１１；Ｉ１Ｄｏｙｏｕｈａｖｅａｂｏｙｆｒｉｅｎｄ?Ⅱ；

Ｉ１Ｄｏｙｏｕｉｎｔｅｎｄｔｏｃｏntinueworkingafter

yougetmaried?１１；

Ｉｎｌ９８９，ｔｈｅLaborＲｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓｏｎ

ＳａｆｅｔｙａｎｄＨｙｇｉｅｎｅｗerepartiallyreviseCL

Sincethen,ｔｈｅｎumberofenterprisesgiving bloodtestsandurmeteststoscreen

applicantshasremarkableincreasedZen‐

occupaton，ｔｈｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｄｅａｔｈｏｒｔｈｅｒｅａｓｏｎ ｆｏｒｄivorceoftheirparents・Takingit

seriouslythat72.6％ofthosesurveyedhad

experienceddiscriminatoryscreeningtests

inapplyingfOremployment，theKen-Do-

Kyoaretakingstrongeractons：filinga protcsttoadministrativeauthorities,sending writteninquiriestoenterprises，and

followinguptheresultofscreeningtests・

TheKen-Do-Kyocompiledareport

ｌＦａｃｔｓｏｎＪｏｂＡｐｐｌｉｃａｎｔＳｃｒｅｅｎｉｎｇｉ、IshikawaPrefecture1basedonthesurvey，

andpointedoutthattheadministrations haveneglectcdandoverlookedthose

discriminatoryfacts・Ｔｈｅreportsaid，

ＩＩｎｅｇｌｉｇｅｎｃｅｈａｓａｌｌｏｗｅｄｓｕｃｈｕｎｆａir proceduresasdisregardforhuma、rights，whichalsohappenedtorevealtheleｖｅｌｏｆ

ｈｕｍａｎｒｉｇｈｔｓａｗａｒｅｎｅｓｓｏｆｌｓｈikawa

prefecture1I、This,ｉｎturn,wasshownintheattitudesofexaminers：ｆｏｒexample，iIThey

weresmokingcigarettes，ｏｒｓｃａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈ

their化etproppeduponthedesks1i；'IOneoftheintelviewerswasasleepｗｉｔｈｈｉｓａｒｍｓ ｃｒｏｓｓｅｄ１１・Suchattitudesofexaminerswere

certainlynotexcusable，whileapplicants

wereworkinghardｏｎｔｈｅｔｅｓｔｐａｐｅｒｌｔｗａｓ ａｌｓｏｄｉｓｃlosedthataconsiderablenumberof

enterprisesdemandedapplicantstosubmit documentsotherthantheunifiedapplication

fomwhichwassupposedtobesubmitted

throughhighschoolsResidentcardswere

requiredof27students，copiesofabstracts

offamilyregisterofl4andcopiesof

familyregisterof6students､Among3B19

surveyed，1,342studentswereaskedwhere

theylived,ａｎｄ２１６ｗｅｒｅａｓｋｅｄｔｈｅｉｒｐｌａｃｅｓ ｏｆｌｅgaldomicile・Sevenstudentswere

requestedtosubmitthecopiesoftheir

familyregisterandl7wereaskedforeither

theirfamilyregisteroritsabstracts，ｅｖｅｎ

ｂｅｆｏｒｅｔｈｅｙｗｅｒｅｉｎｔｅｒｖｉｅｗｅｄｏｒｈａｄ

６

戯BURAKULlBERATlONNEWS

Do-Kyoadvocatedstoppingsuchhealth

checksonthegroundsthatitisagainstthe goodintentionofsettinga1unified applicationform1andisaviolationof humanrightSResPondingtotheprotest,the

LaborMinistrysentanotification1On

HealthCheckinScreCningJobApplicantsi

toeachpreiCcturｅｄａｔｅｄｏｎＭａｙｌ，199ｓ， askingforcarefulconsiderationsbefore introducingsuchtestswhichhaverisks leadingtodiscriminationinemployment・Ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｓｕｒｖｅｙｉｎｌｓｈｉｋａｗａ

Prefecture，４６３ｏｕｔｏｆｔｈｅｔｏｔａｌ３８１９

ｓｔｕｄｅｎｔｓｗｅｒｅｇivenbloodtestsandSS7

weregivenｕｒｉｎｅｔｃｓｔｓａｔｔｈｅｔｉｍｅｏｆｔｈｅ

ｓｃｒｅｅｎｉｎｇ・Moststudentsexpresseddiscomfortaboutthetests､Onestudentsaid，

I1Theyshouldnotgivesuchtestssincewe

applicantsnevergetinlbmedaboutthe

results・Ｉｗｏｕｌｄｌｉｋｅｍｙｌｏｓｔｂｌｏｏｄretumed1I．

○BURAKULlBERATlONNEWS

BUMKUPROBLEMS:Ｑ＆Ａ側

回ⅢuMmpeOpIMMImmmMagaim`…MhW,MOgem,MMFOwⅡｃｏｍｍⅢities，arenItthey？IthinktheywOuldnItberecognizzｅｄｉｆｔｈｅｙｌｉｖｅａｌ〕ａｒｔｉｎ

ｄｉ仇rentplMes．

回WMMOnMMBuMmp…｡mOLm｡.`｡,uMiMmOmmⅢ加川・ｖｅｒｙｃｏｍｍｏｎｆＤｒｌｍｍａｎｂｅｉｎｇｓｔｏｌｉｖｅｉｎｃｏｍｍⅢities･ＦｏｒｅＭｍｐｌｅ，ｉｎＩｓＭｔａｌｍ１

(housingbuiltbycorlDorationsfOrtheiremployees),peopleofthesametradelive

togetlm8HousingbuiltbyadevelolDerattrMtspeolDlewhohaveasimilarincome,age，

aMmmilystmcture,becⅢｓｅａｃｅｒｔａｉｎａｍｏｍｔｏｆｉｍｏｍｅｉｓｒｅｑｕiredtolivethere・Ｂｕｔ

ｗｅｌｍｖｅｎｅｖｅｒｈＭＭａｂｏｕｔｄｉｓｃｒｉｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎａｇａｉｎｓｔｔｈｏｓｅｗｈｏｌｉｖｅｉｎＳⅢl1housing

communities・Therefbre，IivingincollectivecommⅢitiesisnotalwusonnrBuralm

lDeolDletobediscrimimtedagainst・Whylthen，didBuralmpeoplestMtlivingintlHeircommunities？

ｌｎｔｈｅＥｄｏｅＩａ,thelnovementofBurakupeoplewasrestIictedandtheyweIcnotallowed

tochoosetheplaceswheretheywantedtolive，duetothediscriminationpolicyofthe

Shogunate・Ｔｈｅｙwereforcedtoliveininconvenient,mountainousareasorswampsnearthe

nversSincetheMeijiela,everybodyhashadthef1℃edomtochoosewheretolive,butthe

situationoftheBurakuhasnotchangedltispartlybecausetheyhavebeendeprivedofthe

rightofaccesstojobsandeducation,whichresultedinalackofopportunitiestoliveoutside

theBurakucommunities・Theyhavemanagedtosurviveinthecommunitybyhelpingeach

otherandbyattendingtoltmilies,relativesandneighboms・ＩｆｓｏｍｅｏｎｅｈａｄｄａＩＣｄｔｏｍｏｖｅｏｕｔ

ｏｆｔｈｅＢｕｒａｋｕｗｈｅｒｅｈｅｃａｍｅｆｒｏｍ，wouldhavebeendiscoveredbyhisneighborsandhe

wouldhavebeenexpelledItwasalsohardforaniexiledBurakupemsonIto1keepupwiththe

JoneseslinhisnewneighborhoodHecouldnothelpbutgobacｋｔｏｈｉｓｏｌｄｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ， Inthefirstplace,oneshouldbefreetodecidewheretolive・NooneshouldfoIceBuralm

peopletoInoveoutoftheircommunities・TheJapaneseConstitutionstateswEveIyonehasthe

freedomtoreside,moveandchooseone1soccupation・MItshouldbebytheirfreechoicetodecidewhethertomoveoutornot,andwhelctolive・

ＪｕｓｔａｓｅｖｅｒｙｂｏＣｌｙｈａｓｈｉｓｏｗｎｈｏｍｅｔown,Burakucommunitiesarethehometownｓｆｏｒ

10

雲臺塞臺lUＩ

溌蓬Ｉ

ｳ｡

●●

心BURAKUUBERAT10NNEWS

Burakupcople・Noonecandeprivethemoftheirhometownswhichtheyloveverymuchltis

mostessentialthatwemakeoursociet〕/onewheIcBurakupeople,nomatterwheretheylive，

arefrcefrombothpsychologicalandmaterialdiscriminationDiscriminationitselfshouldalso beeliminａｔｅｄ

ｌｎｌ９４１ｂｅｆorethewar，aBurakucommunityinGifuPrefecturewascompulsorily

dissolvedAfterseveralyearsmostoftheresidentｓｃａｍｅｂａｃｋａｎｙｗａｙ・SolneBuraku

communitiesinbigcitieswerecompletelyburntdownbyair-Iaidsorbytheatomicbombings・

ManypeoplereturnedtotheirBurakucommunitiesaftertheywerereconstructedBecausea

discriminationagainsttheBurakustillremains，theywouldhaveharderoppressionifthey

livedisolatedfromtheircommunities,andcouldnotobtainjobstheIc・

Ｂｙｔｈｅｗａｙ,ｈｏｗｗｏｕｌｄｙｏｕ化elifastrangeraskedyou，ＩＩＷｈｙｄｏｎｉｔｙｏｕｍｏｖｅｏｕｔ，

becauseyourplaceisnotgoo.?IIYouprobablywouldnotfeelcomfortableaboutit・Onthe

basisofyouropinionthatBurakucommunitiesshouldbebrokenup,youmayhavethenotion

thatsomethinguglyandfilthyhadbetterbeshattereddownButsomethingwereallyshould

shatterdownisourattitudetodiscriminateagainsttheBurakｕ

T〃eEJj"zj"αZio〃〃B"〃〃Djsc伽iMZjo"ＭａＳｏｃｊａＪＤｅＭ〃川"'

KenzoTomonaga Director,BurakuLiberationResearchlnstitute

１．Introduction

ＩｎＭａｒｃｈｌ９９Ｓ，theWOrldSummitforSocialDevelopmentwillbeheldin

Copenhagen,DenmarkunderaninitiativetakenbytheUnitedNations､ＴｈｉｓＳｕｍｍｉｔｈａｓ

ｑｕｉｔｅａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｓignificancefortheessentialissuesofpeace，globalenvironment， developmentandhumanrights，whichconcernthewholehumanracetowardthe21st

century；theirsuccessdependseventuallyonwhetherisocialdevelopment1willbe satisfactoryornot・

Inthispaper,therefore,Iwouldliketo1℃nectontheimportanceofsocialdevelopment andwhatformitshouldtakebyintroducingthehistoryandthecurrentsituationofthe

Burakuproblem,whichisoneoftheseriousminorityissuesinJapan

1１

趣BURAKULlBERATlONNEWS

Z･WlmtistheBuralKuProblem？

ＴｈｅＢｕｒａｋｕｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｉｎｏrityquestionsexistinginJapan，which

originatedindiscriminationbascdonsocialstatusinthefeudalera・InAugustl96S,TheDowa(Integration）PolicyCouncilissuedareport,inwhichtheBurakuproblemis describedaslbllows：

Theso-calledDowa(Integration)problemisthemostsenouMndthemostsignificant

socialissueinJapan；itisbasedonstatusdiscriminationformedintheprocessofthe

historicaldevelopmentofJapanesesociety;apartofJapanesecitizenshavebeenforcedto alowerpositioneconomically,Sociallyandculturally,andeveninmodernsocietytheir basichumanrightsarestillbeinginfringedupon,especiallycivilrightsandthefreedoms

whichshouldbeguaranteedtoeachcitizenasabasicprincipleofmodernsociety、

IthasbeenassumedbyresearchemsoftheBurakuproblemandbythecampaignersfbr theliberationmovementthattheICare6000discriminated-againstBurakusinwhichthree

millioninhabitantsaresettledFromJunｅｔｏＮｏｖｅｍｂｅｒｉｎｌ９９３，aninvestigationwas

conductedonthecurrentstatusofBurakucommunitiesbythecentralgovernment・

Accordingtotheresult,ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅ４４Bcommunitieswhichareofficiallydesignatedand aresubjecttothegovemmentIsimprovementprcjects,withapopulationof2,159,105．

Ａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｍ８９２,７S1areofBurakuoriginHowever,thesefiguresdonotincludethe

communitiesofaboutlOOOBurakuswhichhavenotbeendesignatedandthepopulation

livingthere,orthepeopleofBulaku-originnowlivingoutsideBwakucommunities．

3．TheHistoryofBurakuinModemTimes

lnlM8Japanexpenencedalwolutioncalled'theMeijiRestoIation1Asaresu1t,the

Tokugawa-ShogunateRegimewasdefeatedandvariouscustomsoffeudalismwere

repudiatedThe化udal-statusdiscriminationundertheShogunateRegime，whichwas

againsttheIEta(ｉｎChinesecharactersmeaningextremelyfilthy1)ＩａｎｄＩＨｉｎｉｎ(literally

Inon-human1)iwasdoneawaywithbytheEmancipationEdictissuedbytheCouncilof StateinlWL

Yetthis1revolutioniwasimperfectinthattheabolishmentofthediscriminationagainst the1lowly1peoplewasameredenialofthepaststatussystem，ａｎｄｄｉｄｎｏｔｅｆｆｅctively eliminatethesegregationforalongtime､Onthecontrary,thenewgoverningclassmade themostuseofeverythingtoachieveindustrializationandmilitarismontheonehand,ａｎｄ suppressedthosewhoopposedsuchpoliciesontheothenConsequently,discrimination wasnoteliminated，ａｎｄｔｈｅｎａｍｅｆｏｒｔｈｅｉｌｏｗｌｙ１ｐｅｏｐｌｅｗａｓｍｅrelychangedto1Shin-heimini(newcommoner),becausetheywereadmittedtothecoｍｍｏｎｃｌａｓｓｏｎｌｙａ化wmonthslaterthantheothers)orTokushu-BurakuminI(peopleoftheSpecialBuIaku).This processwastheothersideofthesamecoinofthenewaristoclatism,inwhichtheEmperor

wasonthetop

lnmodernJapanesesocietyaftertheRestoration，manyoftheBurakumininrural

1２

○BURAKUUBERATlONNEWS

areaswerepeasantsundertheworstconditions,andinurbanregionstheywereworkeｒｓ ｗｈｏｈａｄｔｏｓｕｉｌＣｒｆｒｏｍｓｅｍｉ－ｕｎｅｍploymentconditionsandlowwages・Avoluntary

movementarosehomamongtheBmakucommunitiesasanecessalyprocesstoovercome suchmhumansituations・ThisresultedinthefoundationoftheNationalLevellersI

AssociationonMarch３，１９２２.TheLevellerslDeclarationiadoptedatthelnauguration

Ceremonyisstillhighlyevaluated，ａｎｄｉｓｒｅｇａｒｄｅｄａｓｔｈｅｖｅｒｙｆｉｒｓｔｈｕｍanrights

proclamationinJapan

TheAssociationhadbravelyfoughtagainstalllKindsofdiscrimination,claimingthe

dignityofthehumanbeingfortheBurakupeopleandrevealingtheunjustnatureof BurakudiscriminationtothewholeofsocietyPressuredbytheAssociation1sbrave

strugglewhichspreadlikewildfire，thecentralgovernmentimplementedpoliciesto improvethein化riorsurroundingsoftheBurakucommunitieslntheend，itdecidedto

caITyouttheilO-yearPlanfortheCompletionofIntegration1beginninginl9S6､Theplan hadbeenstandstillbecauseofthelS-YearWaiwhichbeganinl兜landthePacificWaH

４ＴｈｅＢｕｍｌｍＰｒＯｂｌｅｍｎｄａｙ

Ｊａｐａｎｗａｓｄｅ化atedinAugustl94S,havingdamagedneighboringnationstoanextent

beyonddescriptionanｄｓｕｆｌＣｒｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｔｈｅａｔｏｍｉｃｂｏｍｂｓｄroppedonHiroshimaand

Nagasaki・AsearlyasFebruaryl9妬，shortlyaftertheendingofthewar，theBurakuliberationmovementwasrestartedastheBurakuLiberationNationalCommittee・Ｔｈｅ

Ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅｍａｄｅａｇｒｅａｔｅｆｆｏｒｔｔｏmakethegovernmentincludeanarticlewhichwould

helpeliminateBurakudiscriminationandsucceededinhavingArticlel4ofthe

ConstitutionofJapanwritten,ｗｈｉｃｈｓａｙｓ１ｉＡｌｌｏｆｔｈｅｐｅｏｐｌｅａｒｅｅqualunderthelawand

thereshallbenodiscriminationinpolitical,economicorsocialldationsbecauseofrace，

cIced,sex，socialstatusoffamilyorigin.ⅡIthadalsostruggledtopointouttheillogical

natureoftheEmperorsysteIn

Thema]orconcernoftheJapanesegovernmentinthepost-warperiodwas

concentIatedoneconomicdevelopmenttocatchupwithandsurpasstheUnitedStatesand

theEuropeannations・Forthatpurpose，Burakudiscriminationwasnotabolishedbut

ratherstrengthenedinthatsurroundingconditionsandemploymentandbusinesssituations

mtherworsened､ManyBurakuchildrencouldnotfinishtheircompulsoryeducation

Inordertoimprovesuchserioussituations，theCommitteesincel9S1developed

strugglesagainstlocalgovernme､tMlarifyingthefactthattheactualconditionswerethe causeofthediscriminationunderwhichtheBurakucommunitiesandtheBuralmmin

sufにredConsequently,budgetswelcattainedfromthegovemmentsandthuscommencedtheDowa(Integration）PrQjects・AsthePrQjectsdeveloped,molcandmoreBuraku

peopleparIjcipatedintheliberationmovement・Ｉｎｌ９ＳＳ,theｎａｍｅoftheCommitteewas

changedtothepresentBurakuLibrationLeague・

Sincethen,ｏｕｒＬｅａｇｕｅｈａｓｂｅｅｎｅｎｇａｇｅｄｉｎｔｈｅnationalmovementinvoMnglocal

govemments,laborunions,andthemassmedia・EventuallytheDowa(Integration)Policy

1３

CBURAKUUBERATlONNEWS

CouncilissueditsreportinAugustofl96S，asmentionedbefore・Inthisreportitwas

pointedoutthattheBurakuissuewasquiteanimportantproblemandthatthisissuewasa nationalonelbrwhichthegovernmenthadaresponsibilitylbreallyresolution・AftertheissueoftheReport，thenationalmovementwasdevelopedaskingibrathorough enlbrcementandtheLawonSpecialMeasuresforDowaPmject(henceforthlC化rredtoas

ItheSpecialLawI)wasenactedinJulyofl96QItsnamehasbeenchangedseveraltimes andthemeasureshavebeenexecuteduntiltoday．

S､TheImlDrovedAspectsofDiscrimination

Becauseofthemeasurespracticedforthe2SyearssincetheenactmentoftheSpecial

Law,theactualsituationofBurakudiscriminationhasimprovedtoacertainextent;living

conditionssuchashouses,roads,ditchesandcommunicationcentershaveespeciallybeen

improvedInaddition,therateofentrancetOseniorhighschoolshasimprovedInl9B，

only3096oftheBurakuyouthsoftherequiredageenteredhighschool,whilethenational

avelagewas㈹８％・However,asthespecialscholamshipsystemforthestudentsofBuraku

originwasputintopractice,inp7Stheratewaslaisedto８７．５％comparedtothenational

averageof91､9％､Further,moreandmoreBurakupeoplehavebeenemployedbylocal govemments，postolTiceandotherpublicinstitutionsinthesepast2Syears・Becauseof

ourmovementinthisperiod，thosewhoparticipatedhaveincreased；lbrinstance,more

than300universitiesandcollegesoutofthellOOtotalinJapandeliverlectu1℃sonBulaku problems､Thus,itcanbeconcludedthatthesituationoftheBurakucommunitiesandthe

li化ofBurakuminhasimprovedtoacertaindeg肥ecomparedtothesenousconditionsofthepast．

⑰.ProMemstlnatRemain

However,itshouldbeemphasizedthatseveralproblemsarestillleltunsolvedfrom

theviewpointoftheessentialgoalofcompleteliberationAmongthemistheproblemof theso-called1undesignatedareas1ofaboutlOOOcommunitiesthatarescattered

nationwide､Inthesedistrictsin化riorhousingｉｓｓｔｉｌｌｌｅｆｔｕｎｔｏｕｃｈｅｄａｎｄｉｎｓｏｍｅｏfthem

andtherateofadvancementtoseniorhighschoolsisbelow60妬・Eveninthecommunities

withimprovedhousingprcIjects,20％ofthewholeworkhasbeenMundone・

WhenlookingatthelivingconditionsoftheBurakucommunities,itmustbepointed outthattheIateofthehouseholdsonwelfare,non-taxedorminimum-taxedasresidents,is

stillhighcompa肥dtothenationalaverageBehindthissituationisunstableemploymentorsmall-sCaleagricultulaland/orindustrialenterpnses・Asforemployment,fbrinstance，

unstablefomsoftempomlyemployment,ｄａｙｌabororpart-timeworkalCtwiceashighas

thenationalaverage；mostoftheemployersofBurakupeoplealcsmall-ormiddle-scale

enterpnsesand化ｗｏｆｔｈｅｍａ1℃large-scale､83.ｓ％ofsmall-scaleenterpnsesarerunbyoneperson,７０％ofthembeingenterpnseswhoseannualsalesarelessthan30million

yen､Asforagriculture,41.8％ｏｆｔｈｅｆａｍｅｒｓｏｗｎｌｅｓｓｔｈａｎ３Ｏａｃｒｅｓｏｆｌａｎｄ;⑬妬ofthe

l4

鐙BURAKULlBERAT10NNEWS

farmersdonotselltheirproducts、Behindtheseproblemsarethefactthatequal

opportunitiesforeducationhavenotbcenguaranteeduntilｎｏｗ・Therateofthosewho

completedhighereducationis7C兜ｉｎＢｕｒａｋｕｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｔｏ２１２％nationalaverage，showingagreatgapTherestillexistseveralgapsintherateofadvancementtoasenior

highschoolsasmentionedbefore,andtherateofadvancementtocollegeoruniversityin Burakucommunitiesisonly60妬ofthenationalaverage・

Thediscriminationcasesarestillserious,especiallyontheoccasionsofmamageand

employment・InOctoberl992，ａｆｅｍａｌｅｓtudentofaseniorhighschoolinHiroshimaPre化cturecommittedsuicidebecausethejuniorhighschoolteacherTeinsedtolnaITyher・

InAprill989，itwasrevcaledthatacompanynamed1Blue-tipStampLimitedihada

companyruleprohibitingtheemploymentofapplicantsofBurakuorigin・Further,vicious

graffitiwerefoundoneafteranothersaying1killalltheBurakumin,Ｉ１ｍａｋｅａｎａｔｏｍｉｃｂｏｍｂ

ｓｉｔｅｉｎｔｈｅＢｕraku1andsoonManydiscriminatorylettersandtelecommunicationswere

alsofoundHowever,wecannotlegallyregulatesuchdiscriminatolyactionsinJapan,nor

dowehaverelieforganizations､OurLeagueandothcrmovementgroupscanonlyactwith denouncelnentasameansofprotests・

Withthesedenouncementactions,theself-consciousnessofBurakuoriginwasraised

amongthepeopleandco-operationforthemovementwascommencedinprivatesectors

andbyreligiousgroups、AwarenessabouttheBurakuissueamongcitizensbecomes

obviousontheoccasionoftheirchildmaITyingsomeoneofBurakuorigin，Ｓ・O96ofthe

parentswoulddefinitelyoppose,7.7％wouldopposewiththereliMloffamilymembers ofrelatives,ａｎｄ４１０％wouldfinallyagreetorespectthechildisintentionsthoughthey

themsclvesareopposed(thefiguresarefmmaofficialinvestigationconductedinl993)．

7．FutureProblems

AcertainpartoftheproblemhasbeensettledsincetheestablishmentoftheNational

LevellersiAssociatｉｏｎｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ７０ｙｅａｒｓａｇｏＮｏｗａｄｒａｓｔicresolutionisdemanded・In

ordertoachievethisgoal,housingconditionsshouldbeimproved,includingtheso-called

undesignatedareas，educationallevelsmustberaised，stableemploymentand

industry/agriculturehavetobeguaranteed，andallthediscriminatorycasesshouldbe abolished,togetherwiththeviciousconsciousness・

Toattaintheabovementionedgoal，iTheSpecialLaws1thatfbcusedonlylbr

environmentalaspectsareevidentlynotenough；sinceMayl98S,theenactmentof1The

FuMamentallawfortheBurakuLiberation1hasbeenrequiredsinceitisusefulfora drasticandearlyresolutionoftheproblemThisLawaimsattheconstructionofa

discrimination-free，democraticsocietybytherealizationofanearlylcsolutionThe fCllowingspiritisincludedintheLaw：

（i）toimproveinferiorenvironmentsbyactiveconstructions，

（ii）toeliminateprejudiceandtoestablishaproperunderstandingoftheBurakuissue througheducationandawareness-raisingactivities，

（iii）tolegallyprohibittheinvestigatiｏｎｏｆｏｎｅＩｓｂirthandparentagebyprivate

1５

－感BURAKUUBERATlONNEWS

detectivesandcompanies,andtoestablishaneffectiveldieforganizationforthevictims・ＴｈｅｓｐｉｒｉｔｏｆｔｈｉｓＬａｗｉｓｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅReportofTheDowa（Integration）Policy

Ｃｏｕｎｃｉｌａｎｄａｔｔｈｅｓａｍｅｔｉｍｅｉｓｃｏｎｓｉstentwiththeinternationalmovementtoeliminate

variousformsofdiscriminationasrepresentedbytheInternationalCovenantsonHuman

RightsandthelnternationalConvenｔｉｏｎｏｎｔｈｅＥｌｉｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＡｌｌＰｂｒｍｓofRacial Discrimination

Next,whenlookingatthesituationthatBuralmdiscriminationisconnectedｗｉｔｈａｎ ｉｎ化riorenvironmentaroundthecommunitiesandinferiorlivingconditions,and，further，inconnectionwiththediscriminationagainsttheAinuPeople，theKoreanresidentsin

Japan,womenanddisabledpersons,etc.,themovementsmustinteglatethestrugglesofall whoalcdiscriminated-againstFromsuchaviewpoint,ourmovementrecentlystartedto developwide-rangeanti-discriminationactivities・Inaddition,thewolldtodayisinsuchasituationthatdiscriminationorviolationｏｆｈｕｍａｎｒｉｇｈｔｓｉｎｏｎｅｃCu､trycannotbe consideredsepamtely・Consequently,unlessourmovementintensifiesitsinternational

linkage，ｉｔｉｓｎｏｔｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｆｏｒｕｓｔｏｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖelyfightthediscriminationthatexists domestically・

Inrecognizingsuchamotion，thelnternationalMovementAgainstAllPbmsof DiscriminationandRacism(IMADR)wasfoundedinJanuaryofl988byaproposalofthe BurakuLiberationLeagueasaconsequenceofthedevelopmentoftheinternational solidaritｙｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｓｕｐｔｏｔｈｅｎｌｔｓｇｏａｌｉｓｔｏｅliminateallfonnsofdiscriminatiｏｎｆｒｏｍ

ａｌｌｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｌＭＡＤＲｉｓｈｅadquarteredinTbkyo,ａｎｄｉｔｈａsbeenacceptedasan internationalＮＧＯ,entitledtonegotiatewiththeUN,sinceMarchl99B．

8．Ｓｕｍｍａｒｙ

Asasummaryofthisbriefpaper,Iwouldliketopointoutthelbllowingsevenlessons thatweshouldkeepinmindlbrtheIsocialdevelopmentItoestablishhumanrights：

（i）NoprogresscanbeachievedunlessthevictimsthemselveswhohavesuffCred

flDmdiscriminationandhumanrightsviolationriseinprotest． （ii）Insuchoccasionsastheabove,notonlythevictimsthemselvesbutalsoother

peopleandgroupsshouldparticipateinthestruggle． （iii）Ｉｔｉｓｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｔｏｄｅｍａｎｄｔｈｅｅｎａｃｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｌａｗｓｂｙｔｈｅｃｅｎｔｒａｌａｎｄｌｏｃａｌ

governmentstodIasticallyimprovethesituationstowhichdiscriminated-againstpeople aresuhject,andtoimplementthemeflCctively

（iv）InprQjectssuchastheabove,themostimportantaMheimprovementofliving sulToundings,elevationoftheeducationlevel,andagualanteeofstabilityinemployment andinindustry

（v）EducationandenlightenmentareimportanttoremovethepreLjudiceagainst discriminated-againstpeople．

（vi）Inadditiontolegallyregulatingviciousdiscriminatoryactions,itisalsonecessary toorganizeldiefinstitutionsforthevictims．

（vii)Intemationalsolidarityisnecessarytoeliminatediscriminationandtoestablish

humanrightsinmodemsocietyinwhichinternationalizationisrapidlyprogressing．

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