imt 161 ch 7 couplings

7/28/2019 IMT 161 Ch 7 Couplings

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Chapter 7

Shaft Coupling Devices



All manufacturing plants have at least 2

things in common. These are:

Electric motors and.

Couplings.• There are many different types, sizes and styles.

• We will discuss the most common types.

2



All couplings;

1. Connect 2 shafts together.

2. Require safety guards.

Most couplings; 1. Do more than 1 function at a time.

2. Connect 2 shafts together.

3. Allow for minor misalignment.

4. Allow for axial movement.

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4



5

Physically couple together two rotating

shafts for efficient transmission of

mechanical power, transferring the torque

of one shaft to the other, directly and with

constant velocity.

Torque



6Angular

Compensate for all types of misalignmentbetween rotating, connected shafts without

inducing abnormal stresses and loads on

connected equipment and without tangible lossof power.



Compensate for end or axial movement of

the coupled shafts, preventing either shaft

from exerting excessive thrust on the other

and allowing each to rotate in its normal

position.



Some couplings will also do these “special”

functions in addition to their “normal”

functions;

1. Dampen vibration

2. Absorb torque

3. Provide electrical insulation

8



Simple hand tools will generally be all that

is required for coupling installation and

removal.

What types of tools???

Shaft alignment should always be done to

the best of your ability.

Why????

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Parallel misalignment in the vertical plane

Parallel misalignment in the horizontal plane

Angular misalignment in the vertical plane Angular misalignment in the horizontal plane

Combination parallel and angular

misalignment

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Two styles;

Solid hub--have a plain bore than will slide

onto the shaft end. Usually “locked” with

keys, set screws, locking rings, etc.

Bushed hubs--have removable tapered

sleeves (bushings).

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Two major classes;

Solid couplings (also called rigid or sleeve

couplings)

Flexible couplings

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Accept no misalignment, usually for

smaller shafts

Require exact alignment

Types of solid couplings include;

Split-ribbed coupling, jaw couplings

Flanged couplings, sleeve couplings

Universal joints

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Generally used to connect long line shafts,

such as those on over-head cranes.

Long shafts will allow the ends to be

aligned fairly easy.

Ribs are added for strength.

Generally made of cast iron.

15



Split

Key



17



18



The 2 parts of the coupling make metal to

metal contact,

Used in low speed applications

Alignment is very important to minimize

wear of the load bearing surfaces

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Usually have flat faces but may have a

male/female design to aid in alignment.

Alignment is very important.

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21

What do youthink this is?

Flanged coupling ???



Basically, a piece of heavy walled pipe with

set screws to grip the shafts

Some may have keyways/keys

Alignment is very important

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23

Sleeve coupling



24



Allows non-parallel shafts to be coupled.

Considered to be a variation of a solid

coupling.

Generally, requires lubrication.

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Industrial applications operate continuously and with high torque loads. This

demands maximum strength and long life of the universal joint components. The

modern universal joint has become much more complex than its simple ancestor.

The universal joints manufactured by Ameridrives are made for demanding industrial

applications.

Universal joints have several unique features that make them ideal for a variety of

applications. Most significant is the ability of the universal joint to operate at high

misalignment angles. Operating angles up to 25 degrees are not uncommon.

Another feature of the universal joint is the bearing and seal design that resistslubrication loss and contamination. This makes Ameridrives Universal Joints suitable

for applications where severe atmospheric conditions would put other couplings at a

distinct disadvantage.

When compared to other high misalignment couplings, universal joints operate with

negligible backlash or radial clearance. The difference can be significant on

applications where backlash is critical. Ameridrives Universal Joint yokes are precisely engineered using the latest design

technologies. They are manufactured as a onepiece, closed bearing eye design,

assuring the highest degree of strength and minimum distortion under load.



27

Industrial applications operate continuously and with high torque loads. This

demands maximum strength and long life of the universal joint components. The

modern universal joint has become much more complex than its simple ancestor.

The universal joints manufactured by Ameridrives are made for demanding

industrial applications.Universal joints have several unique features that make them ideal for a variety

of applications. Most significant is the ability of the universal joint to operate at

high misalignment angles. Operating angles up to 25 degrees are not

uncommon.

Another feature of the universal joint is the bearing and seal design that resistslubrication loss and contamination. This makes Ameridrives Universal Joints

suitable for applications where severe atmospheric conditions would put other

couplings at a distinct disadvantage.

When compared to other high misalignment couplings, universal joints operate

with negligible backlash or radial clearance. The difference can be significant onapplications where backlash is critical.

Ameridrives Universal Joint yokes are precisely engineered using the latest

design technologies. They are manufactured as a onepiece, closed bearing eye

design, assuring the highest degree of strength and minimum distortion under

load.



28

The universal joint can be used as a single jointor it can be used in pairs. When used as a single

joint, only angular misalignment is

accommodated. Since nearly every installation

requires the coupling to also accommodate offset

misalignment, universal joints should be used in

pairs. Using universal joints in pairs also corrects

for non-uniform angular velocity caused by therotational characteristics of a single joint.



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Amerigear® SpindlesAmericardan™ U-Joints

VL Mill Spindles

http://www.ameridrives.com/millprod.html






http://www.ameridrives.com/vlmill.html












33

Ameridrives U3600 FT Universal

Joints on a large section mill



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35



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Other examples:

Chain couplings, metal disk couplings

Grid couplings

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39

Flexible sleeve coupling

Hub Flexible center



Has a rubber-like insert between the

coupling halves. The inserts are called;

Spiders, cushions, blocks or inserts.

Inserts are made of different materials for different applications, heat ranges,

environments, etc.

Allows some misalignment.

40



Jaw couplings are generally used to

connect continuous-duty electric motors

with driven machinery, pumps, and

gearboxes.

They typically accommodate angular shaft

misalignment up to 1 degree and parallelmisalignment up to 0.015 in.

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Urethane -- has 1.5 times the torque

capacity of NBR with very good chemical

and oil resistance, but less damping

capability (90 Shore A hardness) andnarrower operating temperature range of -

30øF to +160øF (-39øC to +71øC).

44



Urethane spiders are good choices when

the application calls for greater torque in a

confined space, or for resistance to

atmospheric effects such as ozone,sunlight, and hydrolysis in tropicalconditions.

45



Hytrel -- designed for high operating

temperature (-60øF to +250øF, (-51øC to

+121øC)), with excellent resistance to oils

and chemicals; can carry 3 times thetorque of standard NBR.

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Also provides resistance to ozone,

sunlight, and hydrolysis in tropical

conditions. With hardness of 55 Shore D,

however, Hytrel cuts angular misalignmentratings in half, and damping capacity is low

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49

Hubs

Spider



50

Jaw Coupling

insert



51



52

Jaw Coupling



53



54



55

Model number Shaft (bore) diameter



56

Spiders/inserts



57



58

Brass spider

Which one is wore out?

Neoprene spider



59

Insert

Hub

Jaw Coupling



May be called a pin coupling.

Each half has pins that go into holes in an

insert.

The insert may be a rubber material or leather.

Allows some small amount of

misalignment.

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61

Set

screw

Leather insert



62

Pins

Leather insert



63

Taper hub Flexible insert Pins



Also called a horse-shoe coupling.

The flexible part is made of a molded

rubber .

Dampens vibration and torque.May provide electrical isolation.

Accepts some misalignment.

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65

Taper hub



Two types;

Rubber gear type--

Accepts some misalignment,

Requires no lubricantMay provide electrical isolation

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Metal gear couplings;

Made of steel

Accepts some misalignment,

Requires lubrication and sealsCan be extremely large

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68

Seals

Locking ring

This coupling requires lube.



69

Locking ring

M t l li



70

Metal gear coupling

Nylon sleeve



71

R bb li



72

Rubber gear coupling

Hub



Rubber or neoprene bushings mounted in

a steel housing.

Allows some misalignment.

Small shafts usually with light loads.Requires no lubricant.

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74

Rubber bushing



Metal chain wrapped around toothed hubs.

Chain can be a roller chain or silent chain.

Requires lubrication, seals and a cover.

Will accept some misalignment.

Delrin chain (plastic) requires no lube.

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78

Taper hub

Pusher hole

Master link

Key way



79

Silent chain coupling

Teeth are a different

shape!

Plastic chain coupling



80

Plastic chain coupling

Taper hub



82

Square cut teeth

Taper

hub



Metal disk packs are made of thin sheets

of steel.

Will accept some misalignment.Does not require lubrication.

Smooth power transmission with no

backlash.

Disk packs can be installed/removed

without moving the hubs.

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84



86

Lube seals

Gasket

Threaded hole

Grid Coupling

Flexible Steel Grid



87

Grid



88

Grid



Designed to shear a soft pin when a

mechanical overload occurs.

Pins are designated by their shear value.

Pins can be straight, necked or notched.

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90



91

Shear coupling



92

Shear coupling

Sh li



93

Shear coupling

This was a $12,000 coupling.

Shear insert



94

Shear insert

This “key” is designed to shear.

Flexible Shear coupling



95

Flexible Shear coupling

BeamedCouplings



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97

Spacer Jaw coupling

Spacer Coupling



98

This hub mounts on the shaft.

Set

screw



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AssortedCouplings



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imt 161 ch 7 couplings

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