informe de laboratorio de tension del acero
DESCRIPTION
laboratirioTRANSCRIPT
INFORME DE LABORATORIO DE TENSION DEL ACERO
OBJETIVOS
1. Conocer el comportamiento de una probeta de acero frente alas fuerza de traccin o tensin
2. Comparar el comportamiento, resistencia y elongacin de una probeta de acero corrugado frente a una de acero liso
3. Identificar las zonas elstica y plstica de los metales
4. Interpretar correctamente los datos obtenidos en el diagrama de esfuerzo - deformacin 5. Calcular los elementos cruciales que describen el comportamiento del metal, tales como modulo de elasticidad y esfuerzo ultimo
MARCO TEORICO
LEY DE HOOKE:
Cuando un objeto de somete a fuerzas externas, sufre cambios de tamao o de forma, o de ambos. Esos cambios dependen del arreglo de los tomos y su enlace en el material.Cuando un peso jala y estira a otro y cuando sele quita este peso y regresa a su tamao normal decimos que es un cuerpo elstico.
La cantidad de estiramiento o de compresin (cambio de longitud), es directamente proporcional a la fuerza aplicada. F=Kx
ENSAYO DE TENSION O TRACCION
El ensayo de traccin de un material consiste en someter a una probeta normalizada realizada con dicho material a un esfuerzo axial de traccion creciente hasta que se produce la rotura de la probeta. Este ensayo mide la resistencia de un material a una fuerza esttica o aplicada lentamente. Las velocidades de deformacin en una ensayo de tensin suelen ser muy pequeas (=10-4 a 10-2 s-1).
En el ensayo se mide la deformacin (alargamiento) de la probeta entre dos puntos fijos de la misma a medida que se incrementa la carga aplicada, y se representa grficamente en funcin de la tensin (carga aplicada dividida por la seccin de la probeta). En general, la curva tensin-deformacin as obtenida presenta cuatro zonas diferenciadas:
1. Deformaciones elsticas: contiene
El coeficiente de proporcionalidad entre la tensin y la deformacin se denomina mdulo de elasticidad o de Young y es caracterstico del material. La tensin ms elevada que se alcanza en esta regin se denomina lmite de fluencia.
Pueden existir dos zonas de deformacin elstica, la primera recta y la segunda curva, siendo el lmite de proporcionalidad el valor de la tensin que marca la transicin entre ambas2.Fluencia o cedencia. Es la deformacin brusca de la probeta sin incremento de la carga aplicada. El fenmeno de fluencia se da cuando las impurezas o los elementos de aliacion bloquean las dislocaciones de la red cristalina impidiendo su deslizamiento, mecanismo mediante el cual el material se deforma plsticamente. 3.Deformaciones plsticas: si se retira la carga aplicada en dicha zona, la probeta recupera slo parcialmente su forma quedando deformada permanentemente. Las deformaciones en esta regin son ms acusadas que en la zona elstica.
4.Estriccin. Las deformaciones se concentran en la parte central de la probeta aprecindose una acusada reduccin de la seccin de la probeta, momento a partir del cual las deformaciones continuarn acumulndose hasta la rotura de la probeta por ese zona.
. La ductilidad de un material a tensin puede caracterizarse por su alargamiento total y por la disminucin de rea en la seccin transversal donde ocurre la fractura.
La elongacin porcentual se define como sigue:
Donde Lo es la longitud calibrada original y Lf es la distancia entre las marcas de calibracin al ocurrir la fractura.
La reduccin porcentual de rea mide el valor de la estriccin que se presenta y se define como sigue:
Donde Ao es el rea original de la seccin transversal y Af es el rea final en la seccin de la fractura.
Los materiales que fallan en tensin a valores relativamente bajos de deformacin unitaria se clasifican como materiales frgiles.
En este ensayo las propiedades usualmente determinadas son: La resistencia a la cedencia (punto de cedencia), la resistencia a la tensin, la ductilidad (El alargamiento y la reduccin de rea), el mdulo de elasticidad y el tipo de fractura.
MATERIALES Probeta 3/4 corrugada Probeta 3/4 LISA
EQUIPOS
Maquina universal de ensayos
MARCA:
MAXIMA CAPACIDAD A TENSION : 50 toneladas
Pie de reyPROCEDIMIENTO
1. Tome las dimensiones iniciales de la probeta, de acuerdo con las especificaciones de la misma en la norma ASTM E 8. Utilice el calibrador para tomar las mediciones.
2. Se colocar la probeta en las mordazas de la mquina, asegurndose que la fijacin sea la correcta.
3. Se sujetar la probeta y se colocar las escalas en la posicin inicial.
4. Se aplicar una carga a velocidad uniforme hasta alcanzar la ruptura (7).
5. Se generar un archivo de datos de Carga aplicada y desplazamiento.PROBETA CORRUGADA ACERO 1020AREA(mm2): 283.52
D INC(mm): 19
DIAMFINAL(mm) : 15.8
LONGITUD INICIAL(mm) : 98.45LONGITUD FINAL (mm) : 107.7
CARGA(N)LONGITUD(mm)DEFORMACION(mm/mm)ESFUERZO(MPA)
833.8500.0000002.94097173
833.850.0160.126684451.5256597
882.90.0320.127029452.736648
931.950.050.127374453.6016397
931.950.0660.127699454.8126281
9810.0820.128045455.8506181
1030.050.0980.128370456.8886081
1030.050.1140.128735458.0995965
1128.150.1320.129060459.1375865
1128.150.150.129385460.1755765
1177.20.1680.129731461.2135665
1226.250.1840.130056462.4245549
1275.30.2020.130401463.4625449
1324.350.2180.130747464.6735333
1373.40.2340.131092465.7115233
1422.450.250.131437466.7495133
1471.50.2660.131762467.7875033
1569.60.2820.132087468.8254934
1618.650.30.132412469.8634834
1667.70.3160.132778470.9014734
1716.750.3320.133123472.1124618
1765.80.3480.133469473.3234501
1814.850.3660.133794474.1884418
1863.90.3820.134119475.2264318
1912.950.40.134464476.2644219
19620.4160.134810477.3024119
2011.050.4340.135135478.3404019
2060.10.450.135480479.5513903
2109.150.4660.135825480.4163819
2158.20.4820.136171481.454372
2207.250.50.136496482.6653603
2256.30.5160.136841483.530352
2305.350.5340.137166484.568342
2354.40.550.137491485.6063321
2403.450.5680.137836486.6443221
2452.50.5840.138182487.8553104
2501.550.60.138547488.8933005
2550.60.6160.138873489.9312905
2599.650.6320.139198490.9692805
2648.70.6480.139543491.8342722
2697.750.6640.139868492.8722622
2697.750.6820.140213493.9102522
2746.80.70.140559494.9482423
2795.850.7160.140904495.9862323
2893.950.7320.141229497.0242223
29430.750.141574497.889214
29430.7660.141899498.927204
3041.10.7820.142245499.965194
3090.150.80.142590501.0031841
3139.20.8180.142936502.0411741
3188.250.8340.143261503.0791641
3237.30.850.143606503.9441558
3286.350.8680.143931504.9821458
3335.40.8840.144276505.8471375
3384.450.90.144622506.8851275
3433.50.9160.144967507.9231175
3482.550.9340.145312508.9611076
3531.60.950.145617509.8260992
3580.650.9660.145962510.8640893
3678.750.9820.146308511.7290809
3727.810.146653512.767071
3776.851.0160.146998513.805061
3825.91.0320.147324514.6700527
3874.951.050.147669515.7080427
39241.0660.147994516.5730344
3973.051.0840.148319517.6110244
4071.151.10.148664518.4760161
4120.21.1160.149030519.5140061
4169.251.1320.149375520.5519961
4218.31.150.149700521.4169878
4267.351.1660.150025522.2819795
4316.41.1820.150371523.1469712
4414.51.1980.150716524.1849612
4414.51.2140.151041525.2229512
4512.61.2340.151386526.0879429
4561.651.2520.151732526.9529346
4659.751.2680.152077527.9909246
4659.751.2840.152402528.8559163
4757.851.30.152748529.720908
4806.91.3180.153073530.5858997
4855.951.3340.153418531.6238897
49051.350.153743532.4888814
4954.051.3660.154088533.3538731
5003.11.3820.154434534.3918631
5101.21.3980.154759535.2568548
5150.251.4160.155124536.2948448
5248.351.4320.155449537.1598365
5297.41.450.155775538.0248282
5346.451.4680.156120538.8898199
5444.551.4840.156465539.7548115
5493.61.50.156790540.6198032
5542.651.5160.157136541.4847949
5591.71.5320.157481542.5227849
5689.81.5480.157826543.3877766
5738.851.5640.158172544.2527683
5836.951.5820.158497545.11776
58861.5980.158822545.9827517
5935.051.6160.159167546.8477434
6033.151.6340.159512547.712735
6082.21.650.159858548.5777267
6131.251.6660.160183549.6157168
6229.351.6840.160528550.3077101
6278.41.70.160853551.1727018
6376.51.7160.161199552.0376935
6425.551.7340.161544552.9026852
6474.61.750.161889553.7676768
6572.71.7660.162214554.6326685
6621.751.780.162560555.4976602
6719.851.7980.162885556.1896536
6768.91.8160.163230557.0546452
6817.951.8320.163575557.9196369
6916.051.850.163900558.7846286
7014.151.8660.164246559.6496203
7063.21.8820.164571560.3416137
7161.31.90.164937561.2066053
7210.351.9160.165282562.071597
7308.451.9320.165607562.7635904
7357.51.950.165932563.6285821
7455.61.9660.166257564.3205754
7553.71.9820.166582565.0125688
7602.7520.166948566.0505588
7700.852.0180.167293566.9155505
7749.92.0340.167638567.7805421
78482.050.167963568.4725355
7897.052.0660.168309569.1645288
7995.152.0820.168654569.8565222
8093.252.10.168979570.7215139
8142.32.1160.169325571.5865056
8240.42.1320.169650572.2784989
8289.452.150.169995572.9704923
8387.552.1660.170340573.8354839
8485.652.1820.170686574.7004756
8583.752.1980.171011575.392469
8681.852.2160.171356576.0844623
8730.92.2320.171701576.7764557
88292.2480.172026577.468449
8927.12.2660.172372578.3334407
9025.22.2820.172697579.0254341
9123.32.30.173042579.7174274
9221.42.3160.173388580.5824191
9270.452.3320.173713581.2744124
9368.552.350.174058581.9664058
9466.652.3660.174403582.6583991
9564.752.3840.174728583.3503925
9662.852.40.175074584.0423858
9760.952.4160.175419584.7343792
9859.052.4320.175744585.4263725
9908.12.450.176089586.1183659
10006.22.4660.176414586.8103592
10104.32.4820.176760587.5023526
10202.42.4980.177105588.1943459
10300.52.5160.177450588.8863393
10398.62.5320.177776589.5783326
10496.72.5480.178121590.270326
10594.82.5640.178446590.9623193
10692.92.5820.178791591.6543127
107912.5980.179137592.1733077
10889.12.6160.179462592.865301
10987.22.6320.179807593.5572944
11085.32.650.180152594.2492877
11183.42.6660.180498594.9412811
11281.52.6820.180823595.4602761
11379.62.6980.181168596.1522694
11477.72.7160.181513596.6712644
11624.852.7340.181838597.3632578
11722.952.750.182184597.8822528
11821.052.7660.182509598.5742461
11919.152.7820.182854599.2662395
12017.252.7980.183200599.7852345
12115.352.8160.183525600.4772278
12213.452.8320.183870600.9962229
12360.62.8480.184215601.6882162
12458.72.8640.184540602.2072112
12556.82.8820.184865602.8992046
12654.92.8980.185211603.4181996
12802.052.9160.185556604.1101929
12900.152.9320.185901604.8021863
12998.252.9480.186247605.3211813
13096.352.9640.186572605.8401763
13243.52.980.186917606.3591713
13292.552.9960.187263606.8781663
13439.73.0140.187608607.3971613
13586.853.0320.187933608.0891547
137343.0480.188278608.6081497
13832.13.0660.188603609.1271447
13930.23.0820.188949609.6461397
14077.353.10.189274610.1651347
14175.453.1160.189619610.6841297
14273.553.1320.189964611.2031247
14420.73.150.190310611.7221198
14518.83.1660.190635612.2411148
14665.953.1820.190980612.7601098
14813.13.1980.191305613.1061064
14911.23.2140.191651613.7980998
15009.33.230.191996614.3170948
15156.453.2480.192341614.8360898
15303.63.2660.192687615.3550848
15450.753.2820.193012615.7010815
15548.853.2980.193337616.2200765
15646.953.3160.193682616.5660732
15794.13.3320.194027617.0850682
15941.253.3480.194373617.6040632
16088.43.3640.194698618.1230582
16186.53.3820.195043618.4690549
16333.653.3980.195389618.9880499
16480.83.4140.195714619.5070449
16627.953.4320.196059619.8530416
16726.053.4480.196404620.3720366
16922.253.4640.196729620.7180333
17020.353.4820.197075621.2370283
17167.53.4980.197400621.583025
17265.63.5160.197745622.10202
17412.753.5320.198070622.4480166
17559.93.5480.198415622.9670117
17707.053.5660.198761623.4860067
17854.23.5820.199106623.8320033
18001.353.60.199451624.178
18099.453.6160.199797624.5239967
18246.63.6320.200122624.8699934
18393.753.6480.200467625.21599
18491.853.6640.200792625.7349851
186393.680.201138626.0809817
18786.153.6980.201483626.4269784
18933.33.7140.201808626.7729751
19080.453.7320.202153627.1189717
19227.63.7480.202478627.4649684
19374.753.7640.202824627.9839634
19521.93.780.203169628.3299601
19669.053.7980.203494628.6759568
19816.23.8140.203840629.0219535
19963.353.8320.204185629.3679501
20110.53.8480.204510629.7139468
20257.653.8660.204855630.0599435
20404.83.8820.205201630.4059402
20551.953.8980.205546630.7519368
20699.13.9160.205871631.0979335
20797.23.9320.206216631.4439302
20993.43.9480.206541631.6169285
21091.53.9640.206887631.9629252
21238.653.980.207232632.3089219
21385.83.9960.207577632.6549185
21532.954.0140.207902633.0009152
21876.34.0480.208248633.3469119
22121.554.0860.208573633.5199102
22317.754.1160.208918633.6929086
22612.054.1480.209243634.2119036
22906.354.1820.209589634.3849019
23151.64.2160.209934634.7308986
23445.94.2480.210279635.0768953
23740.24.2820.210625635.4228919
24034.54.3160.210970635.5958903
24328.84.350.211295635.7688886
24672.154.3820.211620636.1148853
24966.454.4160.211965636.2878836
25260.754.450.212311636.6338803
25604.14.4820.212656636.8068786
25898.44.5160.212981637.1528753
26192.74.5480.213327637.3258736
26536.054.5820.213652637.498872
26879.44.6160.213997637.8448686
27173.74.650.214342638.017867
27517.054.6820.214688638.1908653
27811.354.7160.215013638.536862
28154.74.7480.215358638.7098603
28498.054.7820.215683639.055857
28890.454.8140.216028639.2288553
29184.754.850.216374639.4018537
29528.14.8840.216719639.7478504
29871.454.9140.217064639.9208487
30214.84.9480.217390640.093847
30558.154.9820.217735640.4398437
30901.55.0140.218060640.612842
31293.95.0480.218405640.7858404
31637.255.0820.218730640.9588387
32029.655.1160.219076641.131837
323735.1480.219421641.3048354
32716.355.1820.219766641.6508321
33108.755.2140.220091641.8238304
33452.15.2480.220437641.8238304
33844.55.2820.220782642.3428254
34236.95.3160.221127642.3428254
34629.35.3480.221453642.5158237
34972.655.380.221798642.6888221
353165.4140.222123642.8618204
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36100.85.4820.222793643.2078171
36493.25.5140.223139643.3808154
36885.65.5460.223484643.5538138
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37670.45.6140.224154643.8998104
38062.85.6480.224500644.0728088
38455.25.680.224845644.2458071
38896.655.7140.225190644.2458071
39289.055.7480.225536644.4188055
39681.455.780.225861644.5918038
40073.855.8140.226186644.7648021
40515.35.8460.226531644.9378005
40907.75.8820.226856644.9378005
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41741.555.9480.227547645.2837971
42133.955.980.227892645.4567955
42575.46.0140.228238645.6297938
43016.856.0480.228563645.6297938
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51061.056.6460.234657647.3597772
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78087.68.410.252595647.8787722
78627.158.4440.252941647.8787722
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79706.258.510.253631647.7057739
80245.88.5420.253977647.7057739
80785.358.5780.254302647.5327755
81324.98.610.254647647.5327755
81864.458.6440.254972647.3597772
82354.958.6760.255317647.3597772
82894.58.710.255663647.3597772
83434.058.7440.256008647.1867788
83973.68.7760.256333647.0137805
84513.158.810.256679647.0137805
85052.78.8420.257024647.0137805
85543.28.8760.257349646.8407822
86082.758.910.257715646.8407822
86622.38.9420.258040646.6677838
87161.858.9760.258385646.4947855
87701.49.010.258710646.4947855
88240.959.0420.259055646.3217872
88780.59.0760.259401646.3217872
89320.059.110.259746646.1487888
89810.559.1440.260091645.9757905
90399.159.1760.260416645.8027921
90889.659.210.260762645.8027921
91429.29.2420.261107645.6297938
GRAFICA DE ESFUERZO VS DEFORMACIONACERO CORRUGADA
GRAFICA DE ESFUERZA VS DEFORMACIONACERO CORRUGADA LINEALIZADA LINEA DE TENDENCIAy = 4739.6 x -125.45RESULTADOS
Lmite de fluencia (Fy)=497.01 MPa
Esfuerzo ltimo a la tensin (ult)626.945 MPa
Esfuerzo final (f)=645.62 MPa
% Elongacin9.4 %
%Reduccin de rea30.8 %
Modulo de Elasticidad4739.6 MPa
rea final109.35 mm2
PROBETA LISA ACERO 1020
DIAMETRO(mm)19
LONGITUD INICIAL(mm)95.2
AREA(mm2)283.528737
CARGA(MPa)LONGITUD (mm)DEFORMACION(mm/mm)ESFUERZO(Mpa)
102.0240.1620.0017016810.359836541
512.0820.380.0039915971.806102639
820.1160.5720.0060084032.892532195
1253.7180.7720.0081092444.421837495
2115.0360.970.0101890767.459688293
3409.9561.170.01228991612.02684439
4957.9741.3680.01436974817.48667191
6908.2021.5680.01647058824.36508579
9205.7041.7660.0185504232.46832789
9205.7041.9660.02065126132.46832789
14587.472.1640.02273109251.44970543
17579.522.3660.02485294162.00260399
20694.1952.5660.02695378272.98799839
22312.8452.7640.02903361378.69694352
27889.832.9640.03113445498.36685444
30970.173.1640.033235294109.23115
34668.543.3640.035336134122.2752246
38494.443.5640.037436975135.7690949
42447.873.7640.039537815149.7127609
46499.43.9620.041617647164.0024235
46499.44.1620.043718487164.0024235
54916.384.3620.045819328193.6889381
59272.024.560.04789916209.0511905
63706.144.7620.050021008224.6902401
68218.744.960.05210084240.6060871
74418.665.2420.055063025262.4730769
79421.765.4420.057163866280.1189073
84169.85.6440.059285714296.8651464
88996.325.840.061344538313.8881827
93155.766.040.063445378328.5584417
93155.766.240.065546218328.5584417
104182.26.4380.06762605367.4484679
109381.56.6380.069726891385.7862916
114678.96.8380.071827731404.470112
120074.47.0360.073907563423.4999291
125420.857.2360.076008403442.3567478
130963.57.4340.078088235461.9055599
136506.157.6340.080189076481.454372
142146.97.8340.082289916501.3491807
147787.658.0340.084390756521.2439895
153330.38.2340.086491597540.7928016
158872.958.4320.088571429560.3416137
164268.458.6320.090672269579.3714307
169222.58.8320.092773109596.8442628
173244.69.0340.094894958611.0301264
175746.159.2360.097016807619.8530416
176727.159.4360.099117647623.3130083
177021.459.6380.101239496624.3509984
177266.79.8360.103319328625.21599
177462.910.0360.105420168625.9079834
177659.110.2360.107521008626.5999767
177757.210.4380.109642857626.9459734
177708.1510.6380.111743697626.7729751
177610.0510.8380.113844538626.4269784
177315.7511.040.115966387625.3889884
176874.311.2420.118088235623.8320033
176187.611.4460.120231092621.4100266
175353.7511.650.12237395618.4690549
174323.711.8520.124495798614.8360898
173244.612.0520.126596639611.0301264
172067.412.250.128676471606.8781663
170890.212.4520.130798319602.7262062
169663.9512.650.132878151598.4012478
168437.712.8520.135594.0762894
167162.413.0520.13710084589.5783326
165936.1513.2520.139201681585.2533742
164709.913.4520.141302521580.9284158
163483.6513.6520.143403361576.6034573
162208.3513.8520.145504202572.1055006
16088414.0520.147605042567.4345455
159608.714.2520.149705882562.9365887
158333.414.4520.151806723558.4386319
157009.0514.6520.153907563553.7676768
155635.6514.8520.156008403548.9237234
154311.315.0520.158109244544.2527683
152888.8515.2540.160231092539.2358165
151466.415.4520.162310924534.2188648
149994.915.6520.164411765529.0289146
148523.415.8540.166533613523.8389645
147051.916.0540.168634454518.6490144
145482.316.2520.170714286513.1130676
143863.6516.4540.172836134507.4041225
14224516.6520.174915966501.6951774
140626.3516.8540.177037815495.9862323
138909.617.0540.179138655489.9312905
137143.817.2540.181239496483.7033503
135328.9517.4560.183361345477.3024119
133465.0517.6540.185441176470.7284751
131552.117.8540.187542017463.9815399
129541.0518.0540.189642857456.8886081
127480.9518.2540.191743697449.622678
125322.7518.4540.193844538442.0107511
123115.518.6560.195966387434.225826
120761.118.8560.198067227425.9219058
GRAFICA DE ESFUERZO VS DEFORMACION ACERO LISAGRAFICA DE ESFUERZO vs DEFORMACION ACERO LISO LINEALIZADOLINEA DE TENDENCIAY = 8021.4X-166.18
RESULTADOS
Lmite de fluencia (Fy)=625.21 MPa
Esfuerzo ltimo a la tensin (ult)626.946 MPa
Esfuerzo final (f)=425.921 MPa
% Elongacin19.82%
%Reduccin de rea43.4 %
Modulo de Elasticidad7938.2 MPa
REGISTRO FOTOGRAFICOToma de medidas de probeta corrugada
Maquina universal utilizada parla realizacin de ensayos a traccioANALISIS El contenido del carbono incide en la resistencia a traccin elevndola, de igual manera incrementa el ndice de fragilidad en fro y hace que disminuya la tenacidad y la ductilidad. el acero 1020 tiene un contenido del 0.02%La velocidad 7mm/min
Las varillas corrugada y lisa de de acero 1020 presentan ductilidad, sin embargo la probeta lisa tiene una mayor area de fluencia ( plstica) lo que da por entendido que su ductilidad es mayor que la de las varillas corrugadas La varilla lisa presento una mayor elongacin y soporto una carga de 120761.1 N mientras que la varilla corrugada sufre un mayor esfuerzo debido a que presenta un rea y carga menores esto se debe a su contenido de carbono.La reduccin de rea es mayor en la varilla lisa puesto que esta se elonga una mayor proporcin, su porcentaje de reduccin de area es de 43.3 % mientras que la probeta corrugada un porcentaje de 30.8%, estos nos da una importancia significativa de 12.5% CONCLUSIONES Las dos probetas est hechas de un material dctil, sin embargo se presenta diferencia de fluencia entre las condiciones de la probetas ( lisas y corrugadas)
El diagrama de esfuerzo-deformacin, permite identificar y reconocer ls caractersticas y diferencias que se presentan en mayor o menor proporcin en las probetas.
Las caractersticas de la probeta de acero lisa de permite identificar un material de mayor resistencia y propiedades aptas para enfrentar condiciones ms las adversas Las impurezas y el contenido de carbono afecta directamente las propiedades del material y de esta manera su resistencia
La probeta lisa presenta mayor porcentaje de elongacin y de igual manera un mayor porcentaje de reduccin de reaBIBLIOGRAFIAHIBBELER, R.C , Mecnica de Materiales. Tercera Edicin. Prentice-Hall Hispanoamericana SA. Mxico D.F., 91-97 pghttp://labmecanicademateriales.googlegroups.com/web/ENSAYO+DE+TENSI%C3%93N+O+TRACCI%C3%93N.pdf?hl=es&gda=E5fuZWAAAABSPeu14E_FUvqENsXfHhlmZPJ7M_BjWK2u6Ecv8r4_35T6xYbxfGJ_BNgZhoyQGD5SqcCqI0A8YFgKKNXtm0SJk9Du60TtCKBAWsaBc42EW9N0nnoUP23kq6cdtHPp-e8