I[

14 Kon

Ofi be AMHe HHbl M

1 MHCTM TYT AAe pHblX

MCCneAOBaHMM

AYfiHa

PeAaKTOp T JIiKa6nUKaR HaKeT H A KHceneBoH Ha60p H nCepreeBoH

nOAnH CaHO 8 nelaTb 020 3 83 ~OPMaT 60x9016 O~ceTHaA ne4aTb Y4 - H3A nHCTOB 094

THpalti 365 3aKa3 32595

H3AaTcn bCKHH OTAen 05~eAHHeHHoro HHcTHTyTa AAepHWX HccneAo8a HHH Ay6Ha HoCKOBCKoH 06naCTH

I Oji-f3

( ) 13-83-70- (J -)

I I K M a ll b~KOB BT JlaqaJla JJT bIKapC K~

YC I1JlwrrJIH n PEAHA3HAQEHHblE AJJlI PA60TbI

11111 T EMIlEPATYPE 42 K

J lianpa SlleHO B ypHan II Nukleonika ti

I

bullI~~----------------------------------------------19 8 3

BBEIlEH~ E

B AaHHOH pa60re npeACTaBneH~ pe3ynbTa T~ ~CCneAOBaHHH nOBeAeshyHH~ nOne8~X rpaH3HCTOPOB npH HH3KHX TeMneparypax C Y4eTOM HX nocneAy~~e ro npHMeHeHH~ B CXeM6X 6~CTpOAeHCTBY~~HX YCHflHTeshy

neH pa60TOCnoco6H~X npH TeMnepa Type HAKora reOHR Heo6xOAHMOCTb pa a pa60T ICH TaKH X YC HflHTeneH B03HHKoa B CBR3H C TpefiosaHHeM CD3Aa HHR CHC TeM~ eoeMa HH$OpHa4HH C nHKan-3neKTpOAOB YCKopH Te-OR Ha CBepxnpOBOAR~HX MarHHTax CHrHan~ c nHKan-3neKTpOAOS Heo6- XOAH MO nepec~na T b no flHHHR M CSA3H K 30eKTpOHHCH pe rHcTpHpy~e~

annapaType pacnonoeHHOH SHe KaMep~ YCKopHTenA TO eCTb Ha paCCTORHHe He MeHee 10 Me r pos TaK KaK eMKOCTb flHHHH CBA3H Hashy

HHoro 60flbwe eMKOC TH nHKan-30eKTpoAoB MeAY HHHH He06xoAH~O nOCTaSHTb 5Y$epH~~ KaCKaA 06ecne4HBa~~~ pa3BR3KY H KpOMe To r o yc ~ne HHe CHrHana no ~~HOCTH B CBR3H C 3 THM B03HHK~a nOTpe6HocTb B pa3pa6oTKe YCHnHTenR npeAHa3Ha4eHHoro AnR pa60T~ B HenocpeAcTBeHHo~ 5nH30cTH OT nHKan-3neKTpOAOB nHKan-3neKTpoA~

RB~R~TC A eMKOCTH~MH - 10 n~ AaT4HKaMH Ha KOTOp~X B npo~ecce

YCKopeHHA 4aCTH~ HHAY~Hpy~TCR HMnynbc~ Ha npAeHHA MeHA~HeCA B WHpOKHX n pe Aenax KaK no eenH4HHe TaK H no AflHTeflbHOCTH OT AecR TKoB MH~nHBO~bT AO eAHHH~ BOflbT H OT HeCKonbKHX MHKpoceKYHA AO HeCKO~bKHX AeCRTKOB Ha HoceKyHA COOTBeTC TseHHO CneAoBa Te~bHo

YCHfl HTenb A~A nHKa n- aneKTpoAoB AoneH YAOBneTBopATb PAAY OC05blX Tpe60BaHH~ saHe~WHMH H3 KOTOP~X ABnA~TCA 60fl bwoe BxoAHoe COshynpoTHsneHHe He MeHee 4 MOMi Manoe B~XOAHoe conpOTHBneHHe co6CTBeHHoe epeMA HapaCTaHHA OKono HeCKonbKHX HaHoceKYHA H pashy50Tocnoc06HOCTb npH TeMnepaType 42 K AononHHTenbH~e Tpe6oBashyHHA npeADRBnAeM~e K YCHnHTen~- 3TO B~COKaR HaAeHOCTb He-6o~bwHe 3aTpaT~ M~HOCTH npOCTOTa KOHCTPYK~HH H oTnaAKH AOshycTynHocTb KOMnOHeH TOB Pa3pa6oTKe YCHnHTenA 06naAa~~ero TaKHMH CBoHcTsaMH nOCBR~eHa AaHHaA pa50Ta

PE3YnbTAT~ H3MEPEHHA

CTaTH4eCK~e xapaKTepHCT~KH noneB~X TpaH3HCTopOB Y4~ T~BaA

Tpe6oBaH~fl t npeAD~BnAeM~e K YCHnHTe~RM A~A nHKan-3ne KTpOAOB a raKe CBeAeH~AJ HMe~HeCR B nHTepa Type 1 1middot 31 bull 6~no peweHO Hcn~TaTb noneB~e TpaH3HCTOp~ THna Kn3016 ~ Kn350 npH TeMneparyshy

TepMHH H~aKHe TeMnepaTYPbl ll OTHOC1TCR K TelmeparypaM OKPYshya~~e~ c peA~t a He K TeMn epaType KpHCTan~a TpaH3HCTopa

R V1 lIeR Y100 bullUco I V4

22 l ~

I t I Ideg0 C

Ejl

v2 I Uu X I+ rn+ 15

122II 15

V3 IUn ---L~ PHc i BnOK- c xeMa H3MepHTe n b HOH annapaTYp~ V17 V4 UHcent POBble BonbTMeTpb V530 rn - rpa~onOCTpOHTenb HP 7004A

[MAl IeI ~ LMA) ~ Ilt Kn30IEi300K Kn 15 15

middotlOe 1010 V-a

-15S 55 U-SB~

~ 0 0 o 5 10 15 [a]

[MAl 111lt

rft

I(

V

Kn301Egt

-~

~ U[

5 10 5 [B]

~ I I0 I t

5 I 6- I u~ Ue

s 10 15 [5J

I LMAJ

-r f rl

300K Kn350

lU

umiddotMI

Ie Ie rAJ I4lK Kn350

8 8 8 666

o 4 4 4

11

-U 217A~ uUCMo o

LMAJ 11K Kn 350

17 III

Jll

umiddot09amp

5 10 15 [8) 5 10 15 [B) o 5 10 15 [aJ

PHc 2 BblxonHble xapaXTe pHCTHKH noneB~ Tp a H3 HcTo POB npH 300 77 H 4 2 K a Tp a H3HcToPOB KTI30 1E 6 Tpa Hshy3HCTOpOB Kn350

rmVf shy 3 b t ~ i ~ j L ~

2

pax 300 77 H 4 2 K C nOMO~b~ annapaTYp~ 6nOK- c x e Ma noshyKa3aHa Ha p HC 1 6~nH CHR T~ nepexoAH~e H S~XOAH~e x a p aKTepHcTH shy

K 43 TpaH3CTopOB Kn3015 21 TpaH3CTOpa THna Kn3 50 Ha pHc2a nOKa3aH~ B~XOAH~e xapaKTepHcTHKH TpaH3HcToPOB

Kn301 6 THnH 4H~e AIlR Hcc neAyeMoH napTH a Ha pHc 26 - aHancshyrH ~ H~e xapaKTepHcTHKH TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn350 KaK BHAHO 1013 PHCYHKOB ~opMa xapaKTepHCTHK nOAsepraeTCR 3Ha~HTenbH~M H3MeHeH HRMoco6eHshyHO n pH TeMnepaType HAKor o renHR npH 3TOM H3MeHeHHe ~OPM~ xapaKTepHC TH K AnA TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn301 5 npOHcxOAHT HH a 4e 4eM An R TpaH3HCTopOB Kn350 OAHaKO HeT COMHe HH H 4TO TpaH3HCTOP~ 060HX TH nOB pa60Ta~T B HAKOM r enHH npH 3TOM B~xOAH~e xapaKT e shyPHC TH KH CA SHra~TCR B CTO POHY 60nee B~COKHX Han pReHHH CTOK - HCTOK lJIlR 060HX HmOB TpaH3J1CTOPOB Ha6nlOAanCR 3cpcent)eKT II SblMOpagtKII1SaHHA npH He60IlbWHX HanpReHHRx ~Me~eHHA 3aTBop-HCTOK 3aKIlI04a~H HCA B TOM 4TO nepaOHa4aIlbHoe H3MeHeHJ1e BenH4HH~ HanpAeHHR 3 a T80 pshyHCTOK canpOBOAaeTCR OTcyTcTBJ1eM TOKa CTOKa H TonbKO C HeKOshyTOPOH aeIlH4HHbI 3Toro HanpReHHR npoHcxOAHT CKa 4 Ko06pa3Hoe B03shypaCTaHHe TOKa CTOKa H SblXOA Ha onpeAeIleHHY~ T04KY BOIl b T-aMnepHO~ xapaKTepHCTHKH TpaH3HC Topa 3TOT 3cent~eKT HIlIl~cTpHpye T pHc3a nOCIleAY~~He H3MeHeHHR HanpRgtKeHHR 3aTDop-HCTOK B 060HX Hanpasne-

IClMAl Ie [MAl g

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

U1~

Iltn350 (Nr1 ~)+21lt

r~Ul2= 6B

~

~I IJt1

O

~llltm~c~ I

K~~5~ (Nr 1)

UC~~U~l B v

-P If

IJ I~ o 04 oB

a

~-

11 Ui [S1 0 10 11 14 [B] (

PHc3 TIoRcHeHHe 3centlcente KTa BbIMOpaJKHBaHHa TpaH3HCTopOB

a rHCTepe3HC H8 BOflbT-aMne pHOH xap a KTep HCTHKe TpaH3 HCshy

To pa KTI350 6 30Ha nepBoHa~anbHoro OTK33 a B pa 60Te TpausHcTo POB KTI350 s ona 1~2

HHR X npHsoA~T n~Wb K nepeMe~eH~~ T04KH no BOIlbT-aMnepHOH xapaK shyTep~cTHKe AHanorH4H~e 3~eKT~ Ha6n~AanHCb npH ~3MeHeHH~ HanpAshy~eH~R CTOK-HCTOK B npo~ecce Cbe Ma B~XOAH~X xapaKTepHcT~K Tp8Hshy3~CTOpOB OTMe4eHH~H 3cent$e KT npoABnR e TcA 3Ha4HTeIlbHO C~IlbHee y TpaH3HcTopOB Kn350 ~eM y Tp a H3HCT o pOB Kn301amp ~IlR 060HX THnOB TpaH31-1CTOpOB c YlllecTByeT TaK)(e 30Ha eeIll-14HH (U Ie 1 xa shyCI1 paKTepH3y~aRcR TeM 4 TO AnR B~BeAeHHR Tp8H3HCTopa B pa604yn T04Ky npH HaAIle)(awylO 3TO~ 30He He06xoAHMO npeABapHTeIlbHO Bbl3blshyBaTb npOTeKaHHe TOKa 38 C4eT AOCT8T04HQ B~cOKoro HanpR)(eHI-1R CMe~eHHRJ npHnoeHHoro K 3aTBOpy loll CTOKy Ha pHc36 npH6IlH3HshyTefibHQ nOKa3aHbi rpaHH~~ 3 TOH 30H~ 30H a ~2

OCHOBH~e pa3fll-14HR Meuro)i(A Y xa paKTepHCTHKaMH TpaH3HcTOPOB Kn301G H Kn350 npORBIlR~TCR B BeIlH4H He HaKOOHa ne peXDAHbl x xapaKTepHCTHK H HX 4lopMe TL1nH4Hbie nepe XOAHble xapaKTepHC TH KIoII TpaH3J1C TOPOB Kn301G HMe~T HaKnOH OKono eAHHH~ ~AB a AnR Kn350 - Ha nOP RAOK 60Ilbwe nepexoAHble xapaKTepl-1C THKI-1 Kn301 D HMelJT npH6Ill-13HTenb Ho IlHHeVHbl~ xapaKTep B TO me BpeMA Ha aHanorH4HbiX xap3KTepHC ntKaX TpaH3HCTOPOS Kn350 MOHO BblAeIlHTb TPH Y4aCTKa Y4aCTOK ManblX TOKoa nepexoAHo~ Y4aCTOK 101 Y4aCTOK 60nbWHX TOKOB nepBblH yllacshyTOK AnR KOToporo xapaKTepHO l IBblMOP3H(l1BaHlo1el OTIllo14aeTCR 60IlbshyWHM HaKnOHOM H n04TH IlHHeH H~M XOAOM xapaKTepHCTHKH Ha BTOpOM -HaKIlOH xapaKTepHCTHKI-1 Man a TpeTIo1~ ee y4acToK HMeeT napa6011Hshy4ecKyIJ centlOPMY

Ha pHc4a H 6 npeACTasneHO pacnpeAeIleHHe HaKnOHOB An~ nepBOshyro 1-1 TpeTbero Y4aCTKOB nepeXOAH~X xap aKTepHCTHK TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn350 a Ha pHc4B - pacnpeAeneHHe cpeAHHX aenl-14HH TOKoa AllR SToporo Y4aCTKa PacnpeAeneHHA Kaca~~HeCA TpaH3HCTopOB Kn350 OTHOCAT~R K rpy nne H3 21 TpaH3HCTopa Ha pHc4r nOKa3aHO pacnpeshyAeneHHe Ha KnOHoe xapaKTepHC THK TpaH3HC TOPOB Kn301 G H3MepeHHbiX An~ 43 TpaH3HCTOPOB a Ha pHc4A - pacnpeAeIleHlo1e HanpRgtKeHHH OTce4KIo1 AnA HIo1X

YCHIlHTenH npeAHaaH a4 eHHble AnA pa60Tbi npH 42 K Ha 6a3e npeACTasneHHOro Bblwe ceMeHcTBa xapaKTeplo1CTHK nOAo6paHa napa TpaH3101CTOPOB Kn301 F 101 peaIllo130BaHa lreIlHeeaA 11 4aCTb YCHnHTenR KO TOP~~ I-1Cn~TaH npH KOMHaTHoH TeMnepaType H B HAKOM renHH Ha plo1c5 npeACTaBIleHa npIo1H~Io1nHanbHaR c xeMa YCHIllo1TenR B KOTOpO~

MOHO BblAeIlHT b ABa Y3Jla OAIo1H - Ha Tp a H3HCTopax T1 T 2 H T 3 - pashy60TaeT 8 cpeAe HAKoro reIlHA a HenocpeACTBeHHO~ 6Illo130CTH OT nHKa n-aneKTpOAOB a 8TOPOH co6paHHbI~ Ha onepaUHOHHOM YC HIlI-1TeIle OY - npH KO MHa THOH TeMnepaType OH npeAHa3Ha4eH AIl~ aBToMaTHshy4eC Koro YCTa HoeneHHR 1-1 KOHTPOIlR pa604eH T04KIo1 TpaH3101CTop08 Tl 1 T2 4T06bl BO epeMR Hc n~TaHIo1H npH6IlH3HTbCA MaKCHMaIlbHO K peaIlbshy

HbiM YC IlOBHRM pa60T~ YCHIlHTeIlA Ha ero 8XOAbI A H B nOAaBanHCb HMnynbcbI HanpReHHR 4epe3 KOHAeHcaTopbl eMKOCTblO 10 ncentl BblXOAbl

nOA TepMHHOM IIHanpR)feHe oTce4KH l nOApa3YMesaeTCA HanpAlWeshy

Hl-1e 3aT80p-I-1CTOK AIlA TOKa CTOKa In = 013 MA

5

BBEIlEH~ E

B AaHHOH pa60re npeACTaBneH~ pe3ynbTa T~ ~CCneAOBaHHH nOBeAeshyHH~ nOne8~X rpaH3HCTOPOB npH HH3KHX TeMneparypax C Y4eTOM HX nocneAy~~e ro npHMeHeHH~ B CXeM6X 6~CTpOAeHCTBY~~HX YCHflHTeshy

neH pa60TOCnoco6H~X npH TeMnepa Type HAKora reOHR Heo6xOAHMOCTb pa a pa60T ICH TaKH X YC HflHTeneH B03HHKoa B CBR3H C TpefiosaHHeM CD3Aa HHR CHC TeM~ eoeMa HH$OpHa4HH C nHKan-3neKTpOAOB YCKopH Te-OR Ha CBepxnpOBOAR~HX MarHHTax CHrHan~ c nHKan-3neKTpOAOS Heo6- XOAH MO nepec~na T b no flHHHR M CSA3H K 30eKTpOHHCH pe rHcTpHpy~e~

annapaType pacnonoeHHOH SHe KaMep~ YCKopHTenA TO eCTb Ha paCCTORHHe He MeHee 10 Me r pos TaK KaK eMKOCTb flHHHH CBA3H Hashy

HHoro 60flbwe eMKOC TH nHKan-30eKTpoAoB MeAY HHHH He06xoAH~O nOCTaSHTb 5Y$epH~~ KaCKaA 06ecne4HBa~~~ pa3BR3KY H KpOMe To r o yc ~ne HHe CHrHana no ~~HOCTH B CBR3H C 3 THM B03HHK~a nOTpe6HocTb B pa3pa6oTKe YCHnHTenR npeAHa3Ha4eHHoro AnR pa60T~ B HenocpeAcTBeHHo~ 5nH30cTH OT nHKan-3neKTpOAOB nHKan-3neKTpoA~

RB~R~TC A eMKOCTH~MH - 10 n~ AaT4HKaMH Ha KOTOp~X B npo~ecce

YCKopeHHA 4aCTH~ HHAY~Hpy~TCR HMnynbc~ Ha npAeHHA MeHA~HeCA B WHpOKHX n pe Aenax KaK no eenH4HHe TaK H no AflHTeflbHOCTH OT AecR TKoB MH~nHBO~bT AO eAHHH~ BOflbT H OT HeCKonbKHX MHKpoceKYHA AO HeCKO~bKHX AeCRTKOB Ha HoceKyHA COOTBeTC TseHHO CneAoBa Te~bHo

YCHfl HTenb A~A nHKa n- aneKTpoAoB AoneH YAOBneTBopATb PAAY OC05blX Tpe60BaHH~ saHe~WHMH H3 KOTOP~X ABnA~TCA 60fl bwoe BxoAHoe COshynpoTHsneHHe He MeHee 4 MOMi Manoe B~XOAHoe conpOTHBneHHe co6CTBeHHoe epeMA HapaCTaHHA OKono HeCKonbKHX HaHoceKYHA H pashy50Tocnoc06HOCTb npH TeMnepaType 42 K AononHHTenbH~e Tpe6oBashyHHA npeADRBnAeM~e K YCHnHTen~- 3TO B~COKaR HaAeHOCTb He-6o~bwHe 3aTpaT~ M~HOCTH npOCTOTa KOHCTPYK~HH H oTnaAKH AOshycTynHocTb KOMnOHeH TOB Pa3pa6oTKe YCHnHTenA 06naAa~~ero TaKHMH CBoHcTsaMH nOCBR~eHa AaHHaA pa50Ta

PE3YnbTAT~ H3MEPEHHA

CTaTH4eCK~e xapaKTepHCT~KH noneB~X TpaH3HCTopOB Y4~ T~BaA

Tpe6oBaH~fl t npeAD~BnAeM~e K YCHnHTe~RM A~A nHKan-3ne KTpOAOB a raKe CBeAeH~AJ HMe~HeCR B nHTepa Type 1 1middot 31 bull 6~no peweHO Hcn~TaTb noneB~e TpaH3HCTOp~ THna Kn3016 ~ Kn350 npH TeMneparyshy

TepMHH H~aKHe TeMnepaTYPbl ll OTHOC1TCR K TelmeparypaM OKPYshya~~e~ c peA~t a He K TeMn epaType KpHCTan~a TpaH3HCTopa

R V1 lIeR Y100 bullUco I V4

22 l ~

I t I Ideg0 C

Ejl

v2 I Uu X I+ rn+ 15

122II 15

V3 IUn ---L~ PHc i BnOK- c xeMa H3MepHTe n b HOH annapaTYp~ V17 V4 UHcent POBble BonbTMeTpb V530 rn - rpa~onOCTpOHTenb HP 7004A

[MAl IeI ~ LMA) ~ Ilt Kn30IEi300K Kn 15 15

middotlOe 1010 V-a

-15S 55 U-SB~

~ 0 0 o 5 10 15 [a]

[MAl 111lt

rft

I(

V

Kn301Egt

-~

~ U[

5 10 5 [B]

~ I I0 I t

5 I 6- I u~ Ue

s 10 15 [5J

I LMAJ

-r f rl

300K Kn350

lU

umiddotMI

Ie Ie rAJ I4lK Kn350

8 8 8 666

o 4 4 4

11

-U 217A~ uUCMo o

LMAJ 11K Kn 350

17 III

Jll

umiddot09amp

5 10 15 [8) 5 10 15 [B) o 5 10 15 [aJ

PHc 2 BblxonHble xapaXTe pHCTHKH noneB~ Tp a H3 HcTo POB npH 300 77 H 4 2 K a Tp a H3HcToPOB KTI30 1E 6 Tpa Hshy3HCTOpOB Kn350

rmVf shy 3 b t ~ i ~ j L ~

2

pax 300 77 H 4 2 K C nOMO~b~ annapaTYp~ 6nOK- c x e Ma noshyKa3aHa Ha p HC 1 6~nH CHR T~ nepexoAH~e H S~XOAH~e x a p aKTepHcTH shy

K 43 TpaH3CTopOB Kn3015 21 TpaH3CTOpa THna Kn3 50 Ha pHc2a nOKa3aH~ B~XOAH~e xapaKTepHcTHKH TpaH3HcToPOB

Kn301 6 THnH 4H~e AIlR Hcc neAyeMoH napTH a Ha pHc 26 - aHancshyrH ~ H~e xapaKTepHcTHKH TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn350 KaK BHAHO 1013 PHCYHKOB ~opMa xapaKTepHCTHK nOAsepraeTCR 3Ha~HTenbH~M H3MeHeH HRMoco6eHshyHO n pH TeMnepaType HAKor o renHR npH 3TOM H3MeHeHHe ~OPM~ xapaKTepHC TH K AnA TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn301 5 npOHcxOAHT HH a 4e 4eM An R TpaH3HCTopOB Kn350 OAHaKO HeT COMHe HH H 4TO TpaH3HCTOP~ 060HX TH nOB pa60Ta~T B HAKOM r enHH npH 3TOM B~xOAH~e xapaKT e shyPHC TH KH CA SHra~TCR B CTO POHY 60nee B~COKHX Han pReHHH CTOK - HCTOK lJIlR 060HX HmOB TpaH3J1CTOPOB Ha6nlOAanCR 3cpcent)eKT II SblMOpagtKII1SaHHA npH He60IlbWHX HanpReHHRx ~Me~eHHA 3aTBop-HCTOK 3aKIlI04a~H HCA B TOM 4TO nepaOHa4aIlbHoe H3MeHeHJ1e BenH4HH~ HanpAeHHR 3 a T80 pshyHCTOK canpOBOAaeTCR OTcyTcTBJ1eM TOKa CTOKa H TonbKO C HeKOshyTOPOH aeIlH4HHbI 3Toro HanpReHHR npoHcxOAHT CKa 4 Ko06pa3Hoe B03shypaCTaHHe TOKa CTOKa H SblXOA Ha onpeAeIleHHY~ T04KY BOIl b T-aMnepHO~ xapaKTepHCTHKH TpaH3HC Topa 3TOT 3cent~eKT HIlIl~cTpHpye T pHc3a nOCIleAY~~He H3MeHeHHR HanpRgtKeHHR 3aTDop-HCTOK B 060HX Hanpasne-

IClMAl Ie [MAl g

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

U1~

Iltn350 (Nr1 ~)+21lt

r~Ul2= 6B

~

~I IJt1

O

~llltm~c~ I

K~~5~ (Nr 1)

UC~~U~l B v

-P If

IJ I~ o 04 oB

a

~-

11 Ui [S1 0 10 11 14 [B] (

PHc3 TIoRcHeHHe 3centlcente KTa BbIMOpaJKHBaHHa TpaH3HCTopOB

a rHCTepe3HC H8 BOflbT-aMne pHOH xap a KTep HCTHKe TpaH3 HCshy

To pa KTI350 6 30Ha nepBoHa~anbHoro OTK33 a B pa 60Te TpausHcTo POB KTI350 s ona 1~2

HHR X npHsoA~T n~Wb K nepeMe~eH~~ T04KH no BOIlbT-aMnepHOH xapaK shyTep~cTHKe AHanorH4H~e 3~eKT~ Ha6n~AanHCb npH ~3MeHeHH~ HanpAshy~eH~R CTOK-HCTOK B npo~ecce Cbe Ma B~XOAH~X xapaKTepHcT~K Tp8Hshy3~CTOpOB OTMe4eHH~H 3cent$e KT npoABnR e TcA 3Ha4HTeIlbHO C~IlbHee y TpaH3HcTopOB Kn350 ~eM y Tp a H3HCT o pOB Kn301amp ~IlR 060HX THnOB TpaH31-1CTOpOB c YlllecTByeT TaK)(e 30Ha eeIll-14HH (U Ie 1 xa shyCI1 paKTepH3y~aRcR TeM 4 TO AnR B~BeAeHHR Tp8H3HCTopa B pa604yn T04Ky npH HaAIle)(awylO 3TO~ 30He He06xoAHMO npeABapHTeIlbHO Bbl3blshyBaTb npOTeKaHHe TOKa 38 C4eT AOCT8T04HQ B~cOKoro HanpR)(eHI-1R CMe~eHHRJ npHnoeHHoro K 3aTBOpy loll CTOKy Ha pHc36 npH6IlH3HshyTefibHQ nOKa3aHbi rpaHH~~ 3 TOH 30H~ 30H a ~2

OCHOBH~e pa3fll-14HR Meuro)i(A Y xa paKTepHCTHKaMH TpaH3HcTOPOB Kn301G H Kn350 npORBIlR~TCR B BeIlH4H He HaKOOHa ne peXDAHbl x xapaKTepHCTHK H HX 4lopMe TL1nH4Hbie nepe XOAHble xapaKTepHC TH KIoII TpaH3J1C TOPOB Kn301G HMe~T HaKnOH OKono eAHHH~ ~AB a AnR Kn350 - Ha nOP RAOK 60Ilbwe nepexoAHble xapaKTepl-1C THKI-1 Kn301 D HMelJT npH6Ill-13HTenb Ho IlHHeVHbl~ xapaKTep B TO me BpeMA Ha aHanorH4HbiX xap3KTepHC ntKaX TpaH3HCTOPOS Kn350 MOHO BblAeIlHTb TPH Y4aCTKa Y4aCTOK ManblX TOKoa nepexoAHo~ Y4aCTOK 101 Y4aCTOK 60nbWHX TOKOB nepBblH yllacshyTOK AnR KOToporo xapaKTepHO l IBblMOP3H(l1BaHlo1el OTIllo14aeTCR 60IlbshyWHM HaKnOHOM H n04TH IlHHeH H~M XOAOM xapaKTepHCTHKH Ha BTOpOM -HaKIlOH xapaKTepHCTHKI-1 Man a TpeTIo1~ ee y4acToK HMeeT napa6011Hshy4ecKyIJ centlOPMY

Ha pHc4a H 6 npeACTasneHO pacnpeAeIleHHe HaKnOHOB An~ nepBOshyro 1-1 TpeTbero Y4aCTKOB nepeXOAH~X xap aKTepHCTHK TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn350 a Ha pHc4B - pacnpeAeneHHe cpeAHHX aenl-14HH TOKoa AllR SToporo Y4aCTKa PacnpeAeneHHA Kaca~~HeCA TpaH3HCTopOB Kn350 OTHOCAT~R K rpy nne H3 21 TpaH3HCTopa Ha pHc4r nOKa3aHO pacnpeshyAeneHHe Ha KnOHoe xapaKTepHC THK TpaH3HC TOPOB Kn301 G H3MepeHHbiX An~ 43 TpaH3HCTOPOB a Ha pHc4A - pacnpeAeIleHlo1e HanpRgtKeHHH OTce4KIo1 AnA HIo1X

YCHIlHTenH npeAHaaH a4 eHHble AnA pa60Tbi npH 42 K Ha 6a3e npeACTasneHHOro Bblwe ceMeHcTBa xapaKTeplo1CTHK nOAo6paHa napa TpaH3101CTOPOB Kn301 F 101 peaIllo130BaHa lreIlHeeaA 11 4aCTb YCHnHTenR KO TOP~~ I-1Cn~TaH npH KOMHaTHoH TeMnepaType H B HAKOM renHH Ha plo1c5 npeACTaBIleHa npIo1H~Io1nHanbHaR c xeMa YCHIllo1TenR B KOTOpO~

MOHO BblAeIlHT b ABa Y3Jla OAIo1H - Ha Tp a H3HCTopax T1 T 2 H T 3 - pashy60TaeT 8 cpeAe HAKoro reIlHA a HenocpeACTBeHHO~ 6Illo130CTH OT nHKa n-aneKTpOAOB a 8TOPOH co6paHHbI~ Ha onepaUHOHHOM YC HIlI-1TeIle OY - npH KO MHa THOH TeMnepaType OH npeAHa3Ha4eH AIl~ aBToMaTHshy4eC Koro YCTa HoeneHHR 1-1 KOHTPOIlR pa604eH T04KIo1 TpaH3101CTop08 Tl 1 T2 4T06bl BO epeMR Hc n~TaHIo1H npH6IlH3HTbCA MaKCHMaIlbHO K peaIlbshy

HbiM YC IlOBHRM pa60T~ YCHIlHTeIlA Ha ero 8XOAbI A H B nOAaBanHCb HMnynbcbI HanpReHHR 4epe3 KOHAeHcaTopbl eMKOCTblO 10 ncentl BblXOAbl

nOA TepMHHOM IIHanpR)feHe oTce4KH l nOApa3YMesaeTCA HanpAlWeshy

Hl-1e 3aT80p-I-1CTOK AIlA TOKa CTOKa In = 013 MA

5

pax 300 77 H 4 2 K C nOMO~b~ annapaTYp~ 6nOK- c x e Ma noshyKa3aHa Ha p HC 1 6~nH CHR T~ nepexoAH~e H S~XOAH~e x a p aKTepHcTH shy

K 43 TpaH3CTopOB Kn3015 21 TpaH3CTOpa THna Kn3 50 Ha pHc2a nOKa3aH~ B~XOAH~e xapaKTepHcTHKH TpaH3HcToPOB

Kn301 6 THnH 4H~e AIlR Hcc neAyeMoH napTH a Ha pHc 26 - aHancshyrH ~ H~e xapaKTepHcTHKH TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn350 KaK BHAHO 1013 PHCYHKOB ~opMa xapaKTepHCTHK nOAsepraeTCR 3Ha~HTenbH~M H3MeHeH HRMoco6eHshyHO n pH TeMnepaType HAKor o renHR npH 3TOM H3MeHeHHe ~OPM~ xapaKTepHC TH K AnA TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn301 5 npOHcxOAHT HH a 4e 4eM An R TpaH3HCTopOB Kn350 OAHaKO HeT COMHe HH H 4TO TpaH3HCTOP~ 060HX TH nOB pa60Ta~T B HAKOM r enHH npH 3TOM B~xOAH~e xapaKT e shyPHC TH KH CA SHra~TCR B CTO POHY 60nee B~COKHX Han pReHHH CTOK - HCTOK lJIlR 060HX HmOB TpaH3J1CTOPOB Ha6nlOAanCR 3cpcent)eKT II SblMOpagtKII1SaHHA npH He60IlbWHX HanpReHHRx ~Me~eHHA 3aTBop-HCTOK 3aKIlI04a~H HCA B TOM 4TO nepaOHa4aIlbHoe H3MeHeHJ1e BenH4HH~ HanpAeHHR 3 a T80 pshyHCTOK canpOBOAaeTCR OTcyTcTBJ1eM TOKa CTOKa H TonbKO C HeKOshyTOPOH aeIlH4HHbI 3Toro HanpReHHR npoHcxOAHT CKa 4 Ko06pa3Hoe B03shypaCTaHHe TOKa CTOKa H SblXOA Ha onpeAeIleHHY~ T04KY BOIl b T-aMnepHO~ xapaKTepHCTHKH TpaH3HC Topa 3TOT 3cent~eKT HIlIl~cTpHpye T pHc3a nOCIleAY~~He H3MeHeHHR HanpRgtKeHHR 3aTDop-HCTOK B 060HX Hanpasne-

IClMAl Ie [MAl g

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

U1~

Iltn350 (Nr1 ~)+21lt

r~Ul2= 6B

~

~I IJt1

O

~llltm~c~ I

K~~5~ (Nr 1)

UC~~U~l B v

-P If

IJ I~ o 04 oB

a

~-

11 Ui [S1 0 10 11 14 [B] (

PHc3 TIoRcHeHHe 3centlcente KTa BbIMOpaJKHBaHHa TpaH3HCTopOB

a rHCTepe3HC H8 BOflbT-aMne pHOH xap a KTep HCTHKe TpaH3 HCshy

To pa KTI350 6 30Ha nepBoHa~anbHoro OTK33 a B pa 60Te TpausHcTo POB KTI350 s ona 1~2

HHR X npHsoA~T n~Wb K nepeMe~eH~~ T04KH no BOIlbT-aMnepHOH xapaK shyTep~cTHKe AHanorH4H~e 3~eKT~ Ha6n~AanHCb npH ~3MeHeHH~ HanpAshy~eH~R CTOK-HCTOK B npo~ecce Cbe Ma B~XOAH~X xapaKTepHcT~K Tp8Hshy3~CTOpOB OTMe4eHH~H 3cent$e KT npoABnR e TcA 3Ha4HTeIlbHO C~IlbHee y TpaH3HcTopOB Kn350 ~eM y Tp a H3HCT o pOB Kn301amp ~IlR 060HX THnOB TpaH31-1CTOpOB c YlllecTByeT TaK)(e 30Ha eeIll-14HH (U Ie 1 xa shyCI1 paKTepH3y~aRcR TeM 4 TO AnR B~BeAeHHR Tp8H3HCTopa B pa604yn T04Ky npH HaAIle)(awylO 3TO~ 30He He06xoAHMO npeABapHTeIlbHO Bbl3blshyBaTb npOTeKaHHe TOKa 38 C4eT AOCT8T04HQ B~cOKoro HanpR)(eHI-1R CMe~eHHRJ npHnoeHHoro K 3aTBOpy loll CTOKy Ha pHc36 npH6IlH3HshyTefibHQ nOKa3aHbi rpaHH~~ 3 TOH 30H~ 30H a ~2

OCHOBH~e pa3fll-14HR Meuro)i(A Y xa paKTepHCTHKaMH TpaH3HcTOPOB Kn301G H Kn350 npORBIlR~TCR B BeIlH4H He HaKOOHa ne peXDAHbl x xapaKTepHCTHK H HX 4lopMe TL1nH4Hbie nepe XOAHble xapaKTepHC TH KIoII TpaH3J1C TOPOB Kn301G HMe~T HaKnOH OKono eAHHH~ ~AB a AnR Kn350 - Ha nOP RAOK 60Ilbwe nepexoAHble xapaKTepl-1C THKI-1 Kn301 D HMelJT npH6Ill-13HTenb Ho IlHHeVHbl~ xapaKTep B TO me BpeMA Ha aHanorH4HbiX xap3KTepHC ntKaX TpaH3HCTOPOS Kn350 MOHO BblAeIlHTb TPH Y4aCTKa Y4aCTOK ManblX TOKoa nepexoAHo~ Y4aCTOK 101 Y4aCTOK 60nbWHX TOKOB nepBblH yllacshyTOK AnR KOToporo xapaKTepHO l IBblMOP3H(l1BaHlo1el OTIllo14aeTCR 60IlbshyWHM HaKnOHOM H n04TH IlHHeH H~M XOAOM xapaKTepHCTHKH Ha BTOpOM -HaKIlOH xapaKTepHCTHKI-1 Man a TpeTIo1~ ee y4acToK HMeeT napa6011Hshy4ecKyIJ centlOPMY

Ha pHc4a H 6 npeACTasneHO pacnpeAeIleHHe HaKnOHOB An~ nepBOshyro 1-1 TpeTbero Y4aCTKOB nepeXOAH~X xap aKTepHCTHK TpaH3HCTOPOB Kn350 a Ha pHc4B - pacnpeAeneHHe cpeAHHX aenl-14HH TOKoa AllR SToporo Y4aCTKa PacnpeAeneHHA Kaca~~HeCA TpaH3HCTopOB Kn350 OTHOCAT~R K rpy nne H3 21 TpaH3HCTopa Ha pHc4r nOKa3aHO pacnpeshyAeneHHe Ha KnOHoe xapaKTepHC THK TpaH3HC TOPOB Kn301 G H3MepeHHbiX An~ 43 TpaH3HCTOPOB a Ha pHc4A - pacnpeAeIleHlo1e HanpRgtKeHHH OTce4KIo1 AnA HIo1X

YCHIlHTenH npeAHaaH a4 eHHble AnA pa60Tbi npH 42 K Ha 6a3e npeACTasneHHOro Bblwe ceMeHcTBa xapaKTeplo1CTHK nOAo6paHa napa TpaH3101CTOPOB Kn301 F 101 peaIllo130BaHa lreIlHeeaA 11 4aCTb YCHnHTenR KO TOP~~ I-1Cn~TaH npH KOMHaTHoH TeMnepaType H B HAKOM renHH Ha plo1c5 npeACTaBIleHa npIo1H~Io1nHanbHaR c xeMa YCHIllo1TenR B KOTOpO~

MOHO BblAeIlHT b ABa Y3Jla OAIo1H - Ha Tp a H3HCTopax T1 T 2 H T 3 - pashy60TaeT 8 cpeAe HAKoro reIlHA a HenocpeACTBeHHO~ 6Illo130CTH OT nHKa n-aneKTpOAOB a 8TOPOH co6paHHbI~ Ha onepaUHOHHOM YC HIlI-1TeIle OY - npH KO MHa THOH TeMnepaType OH npeAHa3Ha4eH AIl~ aBToMaTHshy4eC Koro YCTa HoeneHHR 1-1 KOHTPOIlR pa604eH T04KIo1 TpaH3101CTop08 Tl 1 T2 4T06bl BO epeMR Hc n~TaHIo1H npH6IlH3HTbCA MaKCHMaIlbHO K peaIlbshy

HbiM YC IlOBHRM pa60T~ YCHIlHTeIlA Ha ero 8XOAbI A H B nOAaBanHCb HMnynbcbI HanpReHHR 4epe3 KOHAeHcaTopbl eMKOCTblO 10 ncentl BblXOAbl

nOA TepMHHOM IIHanpR)feHe oTce4KH l nOApa3YMesaeTCA HanpAlWeshy

Hl-1e 3aT80p-I-1CTOK AIlA TOKa CTOKa In = 013 MA

5

---

[oj

50

~O

30

20

10

[]

50

40

30

20

10

Q 0 (J [IJKn 350 Kn350

SIt=8AJJrOS 50 S middotgAIB 40 SIr5MAUcIOamp 50

S-middotIO~As 40 toSmiddotISMA IS

30

201[1 ~ ~ to

2 8 10 2 6 8 10 6

~ 0 KnlOl6

JISII SMAUIOB 50 UI h oIlMA SMmiddot ISMAS 40 UIM MB 65middot 05 MAIB AUIOSS _

30 n= + Int ( XMJ

1 HeAOCTaTKH OTCY TCTBH e 803MOshy

20 HOC T~ peryn~poBaTb K03$$~~~eHT yCHneHHR 3aMeTHoe YMeHbwe HH e a~nn~TYAbi c ~rHana YKa3aHH~e He AOCTaTKH MO~HO yC TpaH~Tb ecnH10 np~MeHHTb noneB~e TpaH 3HCTOPbl c AByMR 3aTBopaMH H C 60nbwHM

T Ha KnOHOM nepexoAHoH xapaKTepHCTHK H ~3MeHAR HanpReHHR Ha Broshy2 8 10 S pOM 3aTBope MOHO Bn~RTb Ha BenH~HHy HaKnOHa nepeXOAHOH xashyDaKTeDHcT~KH TaK KaK 3 THM Tpe60BaHHAM YAOBne TBopR~T TpaH3HC TOP~

PHc4 Pe3ynbTa Tbl 11 C flblTaHH f i CTaTJiCTHlleCKO r O pa3Gpoca nashy Kn350 Hd H~X peanH30BdH H H cn~TaH 60nee cnOHbl~ BapHaHT YC HnHshypaHeuroTp OB ~nR 21 Tpa H3H CTopa Kn301~ H 43 Tp a H3HcTopOB TenR B KOTOpOM nOMHM O Y3 n a aBToMaTH~ecKO~ perynHpoBKH pa60~e H Kn3S0 a 6 pa cnpenene HHe no Beuron H-Io1H e HaKJ1 0HO B nepex oDshy TO~K~ npHMeHeHa cxeMa dBTOMdTH~ecKO~ perynHpoBKH K03$$ HUHeHTa H~ xa p aKTe pHc THK An R Kn3S0 a pacnpeDeneHH euro CPCJl HIo1 X r - - ----- -- -- - -- -- ----- ----i BenH-IHH TOKoa AIl R Kn 350 r I pac npeJleneHHeuro n o BemilUHe -- - - - - - - 1 H aKnOHOB n epeXOJlHbTX xapaKT e pH CTHK AI BI KTI30 I J) D p acnpeshy 1 1=================+I~i~~~ AeuroneHHeuro no aeuronHIIHHe HanpRe HHR OTce4KH nnR KnJOIE ~

samp 1 ~I1 I r- -shy 1 ---- -shy

i 1f

8lAl CI~

F

Ta6nHla 1~ Knaso

I(nl UCMIOB IMHmiddot3t3~A toJmiddot052MA

~ n

2 4 6 8 10

T BXOObl BblXOObl

[K] UA ~B]

Us ~B]

1

[HC]

BbIX 1 Solx 3 U t

rrS] [Hc] U C

[MSl [HC1

1t2

+800 0 081+ -35 48 - -

-800 deg 084 ltS 38 - -

0 800 084 middot~O 1amp1 - -

0 -BOD084 1-28 89 - -+60e 600 084 -10 48 t15 20

1-600 -600084 +11 54 -75 28

8gtB r o-)OOM--- ---- -- -- - -~- 8 bull A

_1 i ~ ~ i L _ __ _ ____ -

in r4 i ~lI r ----------I

I I

I -n ti n 1 OM i

IIi rl

i

TpaH3HCTOPOB T1 ~ T2 npeAHa3shyH a4eH~ AnR e b eMa c HrHanoB no KOTOp~M MOHO onpeAenHT b cABHr ny4Ka OTHQCHTe nbHO ~e H Tpa nHKa n shy3neKTpoAoB a TpaH3HcTop T3 npeAHa3Ha4eH AnR c~eMa aMnnHTYshyAbl 60nbwero I0Il3 BXOAH~X CHrHashynOB Pe3yn b Ta T ~ H3MepeH~H napa shyMeTpO B YCHnHTen~ n peACTaBneH~

B Ta6n 1 npoBeAeHHble H3MepeshyHHA n OKa3anH nonHY~ npH rOAHOCT b yCHnHTen~ AnR Cb e Ma HH~opMa~HH

C nHKan -3neKTpOAOB npH TeMneshypaT ype 42 K

n OCTOH Hc TBa YC HDHTenR B~ CO shy

Koe 6~cTpoAeHcTBHe 60Dbwoe BXOAHoe c onpOTHBn eHHe - 4 MO M yc neH e no MOUlHOCTH 2 10 2

lOa K

DlttJl--L---I

i I I i

I I I I I 1

i L-------- ------i 8oo~lL _________ ____ _________ _________ __ ___ ~

PHc 6 CTPYKTYPHaR cxeMa BToporo Ba pHaH Ta YCKnHTenR n p eAshyHa3HaleHHOrO IlIIfI parioTbi npH 4 2 K BY - 6blCT PblH YCHlUiTeJIb

PHc5 npHH~HnHanbHaR cxeMa nepBoro BapHaHTa YCHnHTenR ~ - ~HnbTP YP - YCHnHTenb cneA~ sa p a60leH TOlKOH n p eAHa3 HaleHHOrO AJ1R p a60Tbi npH 42 K T I -- T3 - none- CY - ceneKTHBHblA YCHnHTeJ1b lJ - oe Te KTop YY - ynpaBnRJOIl(HA Bble TpaH9HCTOPbl KII30 I Ii OY - o nepalJ)iOH HbIH YCHnHTenb 140YD7 YCHJlHTenb r - rellepaTOp

76

~J 21lt I JOOI( JJotqI

~ I I

) -L __ __ __L ___ _ _________ _ _ ____ 3

Stan j~

L_-L_ t11ampI~~4n i] I

~ [ I D bull I bull I $fKtf I ~

r -shy-shy -shy-shy - - shy - -shy - -shy __ _ _____ __ _ __ IN ~

i middotmiddotmiddotQI~I c) laquoJOlt I ZSIltltP

Hi

- ta

bullbull[-cl-J---J

~ ~m

----- -f --- ----- r------ - - ---- - - ---- -- - __ ~

~ea

v

[ ~ l _ __ ___ __ ___ --- - ----- - -- --- - ---- - -- -- - --- -- __ _ _ _ _ _ J

PMc7 llpHHUHnHarrbHaR CXeMa BTOpOrO Ba pHaHTa YCHnHTen~ npeAHa3Ha~eHHOrO AnA pa60T~ npH 4 2 K TJ ~ T3 - noneB~e

TpaH3 Hc ToPbl KII35 0 A I -- A3 - AHOAhl KA5 13 OYI ~ OY4 _ onepalH OH HbJe YCKIlHTenH J 4 0YLl7 bull

Ta6nHua 2

T

[K)

42

-

BXOabl BblX Oabl

u u~ t Bblx 1 Bblx2 Bblx3 ~Bl Mal [HC] u t U t U t

1ilt61 liltcJ liltaJ [He) 1ilt 61 liltc) 600 a 08 -150 16 -I~O 11 -45 11

600 0 ~8 130 06 -125 11 +45 11 a 600 08 150 11 -ISO 11 -50 1 0 -gtoc o8~ -ISO 11 -150 I +50 (I I

tOO 400 01 0 - 0 - -65 11

400 [lttoe OBl 0 - 0 - -60 16 600 ~ 08 -200 lt1 -200 lti -20 (I 600 rsoc D8 -200 12 -200 12 -30 1 2

yc~neH~n CTPYKTypHa~ cxeMa yc ~shy

D~TenA nOKa3a Ha Ha p~c6 aer o n p~H ~ ~ n~anbHaA c xeMa - Ha p~c 7

KaK ~ B npeA~Ay~eM Bap~aHTe Ha TpaH3~ C Topax Tl T2 ~ T3 c06pashyHa 4a CT b yC ~Il~ TeIlA AIlR pa60Tbl np~ TeMnepa Type 4 2 K a cxeM~ cTa6~1l~3a~HH H perYIlH pOBK~ c06shypaH~ B y3en pa60Ta~H H npH KOMHaTHOH TeMnepaType ~aHH~H BapHaHT YCHnH Te DR OTIlH4aeTCR OT npeA~Ay~e r o BBeAeH HeM cxeM~ aB TOMa TH 4eCKo r o per YJ1HpOBaHH ~

K03lt1gtcentIolt1~HeHTOM YCHneHHA 3a ClleT aBTOMaTH4eCKoro ~ 3MeHeH~R COOT shyBe TcTBy~erO HaKnOHa npoxoAH OH xapaKTepHCT HKIolt1 Tp aH3HcToPOB T 1 H T2 n pHMeHeHa cxeMa aBTOMashyTH4eC Koro perynR TOpa C ofipaTHoH CBR3b~ nOAAepH Ba~ero Ha B~XO-

Ae YCHn~Ten~ aMnnHTYAY 3TanOHHoro CH rHana nOCTORHHO~3T~M Clolt1rHashy110M RBIlReTCR rapMOHIolt14eCK crHall HH3 KOH 4a c TOTbl Bblpa6aTblBaeMbl~ reHe paTopOM r B HmH4HO neTlle aBTOMaT H4eCKOv peryn~poBK yC11shylleHHA nOMHMO 6~CTpOAeHcTBy~~ero YC HD HTe nR I DY l ~ r eHepaTopa I r HaxoA~Tcn YCH n HTellb O T Cnem1olt18a~Iolt1H pa604Y~ T04KY IYP ce lleKTH8H~H YCHnHTenb ICY c x eMa Ae Te KT~poB aHHR I~ H ynpaBshynR~~~ YCHIlHTeIlb IYY B Ta61l 2 npeAcTaBlleH~ pe3Yllb TaT~ HcnblshyTaHHH YCH nH TenA Ha TpaH3HcTopax Kn350

BblBOAbl

nOIlY4eHH~e pe 3Yllb Ta T~ Hc nbl Ta H~H n03Bo nROT cAe naTb cneAY~He

8~BOA~ OTHOCHTenb HO npHMe HeHH A nOlleB~X T paH 3~cToPOB B 6~CT POshyAeHc TByo~H X HMnyllbcHbix YCH nH TenAX npeAHa3Ha4eH Hbl x AJ1A pa60Tbi npH HH 3 KH X TeMne paTypax

1 Tpa H 3HcTop~ Tna Kn30 1G H Kn350 n pHrOA Hb AnA npHMeHeHHR B YCHJ1 HTeJ1AX pa60Ta~Hx npH TeMne paTypax 4 2 H 77 K npH 3TOM n pOBepeHa HX AOCTaT04HO BbiCOKaR Ha AemHOCTb S npo~e c ce HCshynblTaH~ H KamA~H ~3 6~ TpaH3HC TopOB nOABepranc~ 5- KpaTHoMY oXllamshyAeHH~ AO 4 2 K H nOAor peBY AO 300 K H TeM He MeHee HH OAHH H3 H~X He BbJWen H3 CTPO~ XOTR HHKaKHe oco6ble MepbI npOTB TepMHshy4eCKoro YAapa He npHH~Man~Cb

2 TpaH3~cTop~ Kn350 Tpe6Y~ T 60nee T~aTeJ1bHOrO nOA6opa pa6oshy4eH T04KH 4T06b1 HC Kn~4HTb nonaAaHHe B 30HY BbiMopa )j( ~BaHHA

H pa60TY C He6onbWJ1MH HaKJ10Ha MH xa paKTepHCTHK TpaH3HcToPbl Kn350 OTJ1H4a~ TCR BOlle e B blCO K~M Ha KnOHOM npoxoAHOH xapaKTepHCT~K~ npH 2 K 4eM Kn3016

3 BbiCOK04ac TOTH~e n apaMeTPbl noneBblX TpaH3CTOPOB npH ~ 2 K He YXYAwaWTCR no cpaBHeHHO C TeM~ 4TO HMe~TCR npH 300 K

llononHEH~E

1 KpoMe Vl 3MepeH HH onHcaHH~X Bblwe 6blna CAenaHa nonblTKa CDeMa x apaK TepHCTHK 6HnOIlRpH~X TpaH3HCTo POB rT313A H n~166 AnA nRT ~ 3K 3eMnn~pOB KaAoro THna H ~ OAHH H3 3TH X TpaH3 HcTOP08 B TeMnepaType mHAKoro r enHA He pa60TaJ1 XO TR np~ 77 K OH~ 6b1J1H pa60Toc noc06H bI

2 TaK KaK 6HnonRpH~e TpaH3Iolt1CTOp~ OKa3anHCb pa60Toc nocofiH~MH

flHWb npH TeMnepaType 77 K npH HeH ~c n~T~BaIlOCb HeC KonbKO BashypHa HTOB YClolt1nHTelleH CMOHT~p08aHHblX Ha TpaH3HCTopax n~16 5 H rT313A Pe 3YllbTaTbi ~cnblTaHHH OKa3allHCb YAOBJ1eTBOpHTen bHbMH XOTR clleAyeT OTMeTHTb 4TO TpaH3HCTOPbl rT313A nOKa3allH ce6R 3Ha4H shyTeflbHO MeHee H aAe~HblM~ 8 pa60Te

B 3aKIl~4eHHe aBTOp~ C4HTa~T CBOHM npHATHbiM AOllroM 8~pa3HTb 61la rOAapHOCTb COTPYAHHKaM KpHo r e HHoro OTAena nS3 OHHH OKa3aBWHM

8 9

60nbWy~ nOM~b B B~nOnHeH~~ AaHHO~ pa60T~ OC06eHHO B H~aUKOBYJ a TaK)j(e B H KaKyp~HO~ M A EBcT ~rHeeBo i1 H Jl r 6ynaeBO~ 3a TeXHH4ec KY~ nOMO~b

IlHTEPATYPA

1 Ba Kce H6epr BR H AP 3neKTpoHHa~ TeXHHKa 1974 cep~~ 2 ebln 9 8 1

2 BHA~HeeB 1O bulln Ka6aHoB B VI 3n eMe HT bI p aAIo10TeXH ~-I eCKIo1X YCTPOI1CTB npH HI-13KJ1X Te omepaTyp ax CSA3b ll M 1980

3 fiorocnaBcKH CA COonoe BH nT3 1982 12 c 200

PYKOn lo1C b nOCTy nHna B H3Aa TenbcKH~ OTAen 7 $e epanR 1983 r OAa

~

bull n

HaHbRKOO nK Tna4ana B T~KapcK~ n 13-83-70 YCHnMTenH npeAHa3Ha4eHHwe AnR pa6oT~ npH TeHnepaType 4 2 K

B paooTe npCAC TaaneH~ pe3ynbTaTw HCnWTaHMH noneawx Tpa H3 HCTOPoa Kn3016 H KnJ50 npH TeMnepaTypax 77 H 42 K HX nepeXO~Hwe H BWXOAHwe xapakTepHCTlilkH OTMelttel1o IITO lIOpMa xapaKTepHCTMK 3Ha MTeI1bHO H3MeHJleTCJI oc06cHHO npH 112 K OnucwoaeTcR 34lcent1eKT awMopalllHBilH HRII TpaH3HCTOPOB npH 42 K 3aKn04a~HHCR 8 TOM 4T O BonbT-aMnep HYC XapaKlepHCTHKH TpaH3HCTOPOB MMeOT rHCHpClHC ItO HllJnbH()t04 Y4acTke HcnblTaHHA 43 06pa311oB TPB H3HCTOPOB Kn3016 iii 2 1 06PIJ3UO Kn350 nOKl3allH TO TpaH3HCTopW HaAeHO paooTaoT npH TemepaTypax 77 iii 2 K PaccMoTDellbi 2 THna YCHl1lotrCllei1 nOCTpoeHHWX Ha noneshyIIblX TpaH 3HeTOPilX C K034Mtl0111Io1CH taMIoI YCHneHHH no MOIIIHoenl _ 2 middott 02 H _5 10 4 Bpe shyHeHe YCTal-oon CI111H IiJtotXOHI10ro CHrl1ana lt3 HC 8J(OAHblM conpOTHoneHHeH It HO M to HOM YelHIH1CHI- npCAlJ311)ItliW AnA ceM3 CHrHanOB C mUcan-3neKTpoAoB yCKopHTenA Ha ClHpJltnP0801lAutl-1)( MarHHTax

Pa60Ta B~nonHeHa bull fla6oP8TOPIiIH BWCOKHX 3eprlil~ OHR~

npenptil OGeA~lltclfOro HHCTHTITa Aept-twx toKcneAa-aut ll6Ha 983

Manyakov PK Tlaczala V Tykarski l 13shy B3-70 Amp l ifiers for Operatlon at 42 K Temperature

Results of testing KP301B and KP350 field-effect transistors at 77 K and 4 2K temperatures their d~ain and output characteristics are presented It is noted that their shape changes sharply especially at 42K The transistor freezing ef fect at 4 2K i s described when their vo l t-ampere characteristics have a hysteresis on the first part Testing of 43 samplesof KP3018 transistors and of 21 samples of KP350 ones have shown that the t ransisto rs work successfully at 77K and 42K tempe ratures Two types of amplifiers constructed on the field-effect transistors wlth _2 10 2 and _5middot10middot power gain set-up time output Signal lt3 ns input inpedance 4 MOhm

land 10 MOhm are considered Amplif i ers are int ended for regi5trating 5ig shyna1 s from pi ck-up electrodes of an acce 1 era tor on superconduc t i n9 magnets

The investigation has been performed at the Laboratory of Hi ghEnergies JINR

Pr~print of the Joint Institute for Hucler Re6~arch Dubna 1983

nep eBOA OCBHHorpaAoBoH

It 10