innovativ geoteknik -hvad, -hvorfor -hvordan?

Julemøde DGF Århus: Innovativ geoteknik

2015-09-291

Innovativ geoteknik

12015-12-08INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

Jørgen S. Steenfelt, COWI Danmark

Innovativ geoteknik-hvad, -hvorfor -hvordan?


� Hvad er "innovativ geoteknik"?

- causeri

� Innovative protection structure

for bridge pier, Algeria

� *** glögg-pause ***

� Innovative design of

Izmit Bay Bridge, Tyrkiet

Julemøde-program


2015-09-292

Innovativ geoteknik


� Innovative: "Having the skill and

imagination to create new things"

� Synonyms

avantgarde, clever, fresh,

imaginative, ingenious, Promethean,

unconventional, unorthodox,

unusual, unfamiliar, unprecedented

� What, why, how:

Julemøde-program

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Innovative investigation methods?

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK


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Innovativ geoteknik

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Innovative materials?

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

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Innovative management processes?

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK


2015-09-294

Innovativ geoteknik

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Innovative work processes?

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

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Innovative application of observational method?

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK


2015-09-295

Innovativ geoteknik

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Teaching: Demonstration models

Dry sand - friction angle

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

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Demonstration models

Effect of suction - moist sand

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK


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Innovativ geoteknik

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Demonstration models

Reinforcement

50 kg

50 kg

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK


Cambridge University – laboratory testing of piles (1977-79)

Effective Stress Axial Capacity Cooperative (ESACC) Displacements - driving


2015-09-297

Innovativ geoteknik


.....but time off to enjoy yourself?


Innovative test set-ups

Sinusoidal ± 45° realistic cyclicload controlled hydrodynamic loading


2015-09-298

Innovativ geoteknik


Ruwais Sulphur Expansion, Abu Dhabi (2007-08; FSRU 2015)


Ruwais Sulphur Expansion –innovative O-cell testing

O-cell

O-cell

plug


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Innovativ geoteknik


� Load tests verified tension capacity

� capacity far higher than 3 WL & far from failure

General findings

� efficiency of shear keys ��rock socket diameter rather than pile diameter

� cone uplift scenario is extremely conservative

� min char. shear strength 832 kPa >> 0.41sqrt(σσσσc)at 3-4 mm displacement

� Confidence in design considered daring by PMC

Conclusion of 1: 1modelling of socket capacity

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INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

Ship impact protection– SIP (Korea)

Dolphins max Ø 30 m


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Innovativ geoteknik

19 2015-12-08

INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

� Sheet piles driven to sand/residual soil/weathered rock with SPT-N>40

� Dolphins filled with crushed rock (replacement of soft soil?)

Ø20 - 30 m dolphin structures (flat sheet piles)

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INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

Centrifuge modelling (Deltares)

aluminium with requisite bending and axial stiffness

sand filled

containers

water basin

assembly plate

actuatordolphin moving mass

mounting plate

sand filled

containers

water basin

assembly plate

actuatordolphin moving mass

mounting plate

� Scale 1:200 @ 200 g Ø20 and 30 m dolphins

� Baskarp sand (very/medium dense)

� Quasi-static tests for FEM300 mm/h

� Dynamic impact (18.1 kg)145000 t @ 3 m/s

Dolphin Plunger


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Innovativ geoteknik

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INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

The full scale dolphins

u

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INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

Quasi-static test (300 mm/h)

0MN

10MN

20MN

30MN

40MN

50MN

60MN

70MN

80MN

90MN

100MN

0.0m 2.0m 4.0m 6.0m 8.0m 10.0m 12.0m 14.0m 16.0m 18.0m

Test 05

ABAQUS - Test 5/9 UCONTACT

FCONTACT

F

Fcontact

ucontact

u


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Innovativ geoteknik

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INNOVATIV GEOTEKNIK

Conclusion SIP physical modelling

� Model tests verify use of ABAQUS 3D FEMdifference in quasi-static ~ tests experimental accuracy

Physical modelling allowed confidence in

� force-displacement and dissipation response

� modelling "real" stratification and geometry of SIPs

� ability to provide cost efficient design at acceptable risk


Namibia container terminal – "special soils"?

� Diatomaceous silt� 20 – 30 m layers� ρρρρsat = 1.25 Mg/m3


2015-09-2913

Innovativ geoteknik



� Diatomaceous silt

� 20 – 30 m layers

� ρρρρsat = 1.25 Mg/m3

� Highly plastic

� Ccεεεε = 0.36

� Cαεαεαεαε/Ccεεεε = 0.047

� ϕϕϕϕtr' = 34-35°

� c' = 8 – 16 kPa

� cu > 100 kPa

� still special?

CL-ML

ML

CL

ML or OL

OH or MH

CH

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 100 200 300 400

Ip [%]

wL [%]

Diatomaceous silt



� Search for information

� Google i!

� Place it in perspective

� Then you can be innovative


2015-09-2914

Innovativ geoteknik


Geotechnical engineering is still fascinating ..

.. take a leap into the unknown and try an innovative approach

innovativ geoteknik -hvad, -hvorfor -hvordan?

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