IOBC/WPRS WORKING GROUPIOBC/WPRS WORKING GROUP

“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”

IOBC/WPRS GENERAL ASSEMPLYIOBC/WPRS GENERAL ASSEMPLY

DIJON FRANCEDIJON FRANCE

October 17October 17--21, 200521, 2005

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

WPRSWPRS

IOBC/WPRS WORKING GROUPIOBC/WPRS WORKING GROUP

“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROPConvenor: Dr Dr ArgyroArgyro KalaitzakiKalaitzaki

National Agricultural Research Foundation (NAGREF),

Institute of Olive Tree and Subtropical Plants of Chania

GREECE

Liaison officer: Dr Dr MalathrakisMalathrakis NikosNikos

Technological Education Institute of Heraklion

GREECE

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

According the IOCC data 750 million olive trees are grown all over the world. About 98% are spread across all coastal areas of the Mediterranean region and cover 95% of world olive oil production.

The extensive use of pesticides has incurred ecological and toxicological side effects. These include environmental contamination, resulting from the vastness of the areas treated; destruction of non targetorganisms, including natural enemies of pests; severe outbreaks of other secondary pests; and finally, the presence of insecticide residues in the olive oil, caused mainly by lipophilic pesticides.

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“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONPrograms on the development of alternative control

methods, in the framework of Integrated Production of olives, receive generous support from many scientists.

Alternative methods of pest control, is concerned with the following:

The kind of olive pest species and the factors that affect them (bioecology of pests).

The systems of monitoring pest population.

The kind of damage and its economic threshold.

The various methods of control in combination with knowledge of the sensitive stages and the time of application for each species.

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“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Major pestsMajor pests:

• insects: Bactrocera oleae (Gmel.), Prays oleae (Bern.)

• Fungi: Spilocea oleagina

Minor pestsMinor pests:

SaissetiaSaissetia oleaeoleae Olivier, Olivier, AspidiotusAspidiotus neriinerii BoucheBouche, , PolliniaPollinia pollinipollini Costa, Costa, RhynchitesRhynchites cribripenniscribripennis DesbrDesbr., ., PhloeotribusPhloeotribus scarabaeoidesscarabaeoides Bern., Bern., PalpittaPalpitta unionalisunionalisHubnHubn., ., ZeuzeraZeuzera pyrinapyrina L., L., EuphylluraEuphyllura olivinaolivina Costa, Costa, CalocorisCalocoris trivialistrivialis Costa, Costa, ParlatoriaParlatoria oleaeoleae ColvColv., ., VerticilliumVerticillium dahliaedahliae, , ArmillariellaArmillariella melleamellea, , RoselliniaRosellinianecatrixnecatrix, , LeveillulaLeveillula tauricataurica,, GloeosporiumGloeosporium olivarumolivarum, , andand Pseudomonas Pseudomonas savastanoisavastanoi pvpv. . savastanoisavastanoi and so on. and so on.

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

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OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Losses caused by pests and weeds are estimated to beas high as 30% of production.

Losses due to insect pests alone are estimated to beabout 15%, and those due to major pests about 10%,amounting to 800 million Euros/year (IOOC for the 4-year period 1998/1999 –2001/2002).

The annual cost of olive pest control exceeds 100 million Euros, 50% of which corresponds to pesticides not including the cost of the adverse side-effects of pesticide use.

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

ORGANIZATION OF THE GROUPORGANIZATION OF THE GROUP

The group was initiated in 1991. A few years later it was no active anymore. In January 2002 the IOBC/WPRS Council decided the reestablishment of the group, and confided the organization of the 1st

European meeting of the study group to Dr Kalaitzaki Argyro. On 21-9-2003 the IOBC/WPRS Council decided to transform the Study Group into Working group and endorsed the election of Dr Kalaitzaki Argyro as convener.

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“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

AIMS AND OBJECTIVESAIMS AND OBJECTIVESThe group fosters collaboration in research on the development of integrated control strategies for pests in olive groves, which preserve the natural enemies and reduce inputs of pesticides, thereby minimizing impacts on the environment. The main research activities concern:

standardization of sampling methods

establishing of economic thresholds

role of natural enemies

biological and biotechnical control methods

development of pest population models

side effects of pesticides

chemical and genetic ecology of pests

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

ACTIVITIES OF THE WORKING GROUPACTIVITIES OF THE WORKING GROUP

In May 29-31, 1993 the 1st European Meeting of the IOBC/WPRS Study Group: “Integrated Protection of Olives Crops” was held in Chania, Greece in the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh).

11stst EUROPEAN MEETINGEUROPEAN MEETING

OF THE IOBC/WPRS STUDY GROUP OF THE IOBC/WPRS STUDY GROUP ““Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”

MAICH MAICH -- CHANIA, HELLASCHANIA, HELLAS

May 29May 29--31, 200331, 2003

Participants:Participants: 110 scientists from 11 different countries (Italy, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Algeria, Iran, Republic of Croatia, Egypt, Tunisia, Switzerland)

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“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

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OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

11stst EUROPEAN MEETINGEUROPEAN MEETING

OF THE IOBC/WPRS STUDY GROUPOF THE IOBC/WPRS STUDY GROUP

“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”

Presentations: 38 oral and 32 poster

Sessions: Bactrocera oleae (monitoring, behavior,

biodemographic analysis, alternative controlmethods)

Practical implementation of Integrated PestManagement, Lepidopterous pests of olives

Other olive pests

Diseases.

Round Table: “Problems and Prospects of theIntegrated Protection of Olive Crops”.

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection of Protection of Olive Crops”Olive Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROPDuring the 3rd day of the meeting an excursion was held to the coastal village Paleochora, 74 km southwest from Chania at Libyan Sea. On the way to Paleochora we drove through olive groves and the participants had the opportunity to show the olive variety Koroneiki in the plain and foothills and the olive variety Tsounati in the mountains. Also we visited an organic olive grove in Zymvragos village (39 Km southwest from Chania).

11stst EUROPEAN MEETINGEUROPEAN MEETING

OF THE IOBC/WPRS STUDY GROUPOF THE IOBC/WPRS STUDY GROUP

“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”“Integrated Protection of Olive Crops”

WORKING WORKING GROUPGROUP

“Integrated “Integrated Protection of Protection of Olive Crops”Olive Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

FUTURE ACTIVITIESFUTURE ACTIVITIES

The next meeting of the Working Group will be held in Florence in 26-28 October 2005, at the Conference Center of the Polo Scientifico at SestoFiorentino .

Chairperson: Prof. Antonio Belcari, Department of Agricultural Biotechnologies, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine, 18-50144 Firenze, Italy, Tel.: +39 055-3445035, E-mail: iobc.olivecrops@unifi.it, Website: http://www3.unifi.it/ipoc.

Expected number of participants: 80 from 13 countries (Austria, Egypt, France, Greece, Germany, Iran, Italy, Lebanon, Montenegro, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, UK, USA).

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“Integrated “Integrated Protection Protection

of Olive of Olive Crops”Crops”

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OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

PROPOSED ACTION FOR THE PROPOSED ACTION FOR THE WORKING GROUPWORKING GROUP

Cooperation of the specialists of the main Mediterranean laboratories on development and application of various research programs of IPM in olive groves.

Coordination between researchers and establishment of a network system, which would give information about actual research programmes.

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“Integrated “Integrated Protection of Protection of Olive Crops”Olive Crops”

IOBC/WPRSIOBC/WPRS

OILB/SROPOILB/SROP

PUBLICATIONSPUBLICATIONS

The Proceeding of the 1st European meeting of the IOBC/WPRS Study Group “Integrated Protection of Olives Crops” that was be held in Chania, Greece May 29-31, 2003 in the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh) is published in the IOBC/WPRS Bulletin Vol. 28 (9), 2005.