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Intelligent Skin Color Model Intelligent Skin Color Model Selection for Face DetectionSelection for Face Detection

Setiawan Hadi, Adang Suwandi A, Iping Supriana S, Farid Wazdi

Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, IndonesiaInstitut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia

IntroductionIntroduction• Face detection is a preprocessing step of

facial recognition system (Essential)

IntroductionIntroduction• Goal: localize face(s) in digital image and/or in

real time video

Our Research ApproachOur Research Approach• Skin-based face detection• Skin color is represented in three color space (rg,

HSB and YCbCr)• Using nine skin color models, generated

mathematically from various face images• Apply statistical-based detection threshold for

skin detection• Use projection-based approach for evaluation

criteria of skin model selection• Implement spatial and morphological filtering

approach for enhancing face image• Using k-means for multiple face localization in

image and apply 4-neigbourhood ellipse representation for cropping the targeted face

• Using local face databases for experiment

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General FrameworkGeneral Framework Face Databases Face Databases For Generating Skin ModelsFor Generating Skin Models

Skin Color ModelsSkin Color Models Histogram of generatedHistogram of generated skin color modelskin color model

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Statistics of Skin ModelsStatistics of Skin Models ThresholdingThresholding

FilteringFiltering Filter SettingsFilter Settings

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SkinSkin DetectionDetection

Algorithm

w h e r e P s k in ( i , j ) is p r o b a b i l i ty o f

p ix e l P a s s k in p ix e l i f in c lu d e d

in d is t r ib u t io n s k in m o d e l D M k

fo r e v e r y c o lo u r s p a c e s R n .

Pskin(i, j) = Pskin(i, j) ∈ DMk∀ P (i, j) ∧ ∀ Rn

Numerical result of detectionNumerical result of detection ProjectionProjection--based Detectionbased Detection

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KK--MeansMeans ResultResult

ConclusionConclusion• A combined algorithm for detecting faces in an image has

been proposed and successfully implemented using multiple face image

• A simple evaluation criteria for skin model selection, based on image profiling in horizontal and vertical projection, has been experimented.

• Nine skin models have been explored and used in the experiment for selecting the best model that give the best face detection result.

• Several preprocessing steps in image processing such statistical thresholding using empirical and Chebyshev’s rules, filtering using sand and pepper noise filtering have been implemented and can be used for enhancement of the targeted image

• Face localization technique based on intelligence k-means clustering algorithm has been implemented successfully.

Intelligent Skin Color Model Intelligent Skin Color Model Selection for Face DetectionSelection for Face Detection

Setiawan Hadi, Adang Suwandi A, Iping Supriana S, Farid Wazdi

Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, IndonesiaInstitut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia