interlanguage second language acquisition : rod ellis

InterlanguageSecond Language Acquisition : Rod Ellis

By Sakilah Bewafa (2201410001)Risqi Sugiarti (2201410006)

Tri Iryani (2201410156)

Semarang State University2012

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Interlanguage

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Theories which are dealed with Interlanguage:

1. Behaviourist learning theory

2. Mentalist theory of language learning

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Behaviourist learning theory

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Language learning is a kind of learning that involves habits formation.Habits are formed when the learners respond to stimuli in the environment and have their responses reinforcement.






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Learners imitated models of correct language correct imitation positive reinforcement example: “give me a pencil” he gets a pencil Incorrect imitation negative reinforcement example : “give me” he does not get a pencil






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It can be seen that behaviourist accounts of L2 acquisition emphasize only what can be directly observed and ignored what goes on in the ‘black box’ of the learner’s mind.






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Conclusion Learners frequently do not produce output that simply reproduces the input. the systematic nature of leaners errors demontrates that they are actively involved in constructing their own rules.Rules which resemblance to the pattern of the language modelled in the input.Learning is not just respon to the stimuli.





Mentalist theory of language learning

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The Nature (i.e. How the innate properties of the human mind shape learning) becomes attention in learning language.





Mentalist theory of language learning

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Mentalist theory (1960s and 1970s) stated :1. Only human beings are capable of learning

language.2. The human mind is equipped with a faculty

for learning language, referred to as a language acquisition device.

3. The faculty is the primary determinant of language acquisition.

4. Input is needed, but only to triger the operation of the language acquisition device.





What is ‘Interlanguage’?

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The concept of interlanguage drew directly on the mentalist views of L1 acquisition. Interlanguage Larry Selinker (American Linguist)The construction of linguistic system of L2 is different from L1 and target language (a unique linguistic system).






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The concepts of interlanguage :The learner constructs a system of abstract linguistic rules which underlies comprehension and production of the L2.The learner’s grammar is permeable (influence from the outside and inside). example: omission, generalization, transfer errors.






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The learner’s grammar is transitional. Learners change their grammar from one to another time by adding rules, deleting rules, and restructuring the whole system (interlanguage continuum).Interlanguage systems are homogeneous and variability in learner language reflects the mistakes they made.






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Learners employ various learning strategies such as omission, overgeneralization and transfer errors to develop their interlanguages.The learner’s grammar is likely to fossilize. The majority of learners stop developing the same mental grammar as native speaker, unless five percent of themonly.






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The concept of interlanguage offers a general account of how L2 acquisition takes place.This concept of interlanguage needs to be elaborated to address some questions raises about interlanguage.





A computational model of L2 acquisition

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Input outputIntake L2 knowledge






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Explanation:-The learner is exposed to input, which is processed in two stages.-First stage: intakeparts of the input are attended to and taken into short-term memory.






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-Second stage: L2 knowledgesome of the intake is stored in long-term memory.-Finally, L2 knowledge is used by the learner to produce spoken and written output (learner language).




interlanguage second language acquisition : rod ellis

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