Inversion 倒

装 By Wan Xiaojiao

Revision

基本语序

主语 + 谓语 + 宾语He knew no one in Paris.

倒装语序

部分倒装完全倒装

谓语 + 主语

助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 + v.…

完全倒装

部分倒装

In came the headmaster.

Did Einstein care for money?

倒装的目的

1 语法要求：疑问句， there be,

祝愿句

2 修辞要求：为了强调； 为描写

生动；为衔接上下

文；为平衡句子

完全倒装

Here, there, then, now, 或 out, in, up, down, away, off, over

等副词开头的句子 , 谓语动词是 come, go,rush, run 等不及物动词的句子里 , 以示强调或为了使情景更生动 , 要全部倒装

There goes the bell.Out rushed the teacher.

Then came a new difficulty.

Now comes your turn.

主语是人称代词，语序不变。Here you are.

Out it comes.

Away went the children.

直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。

“I’ll call again after supper,” said he.“Let me go on with the operation.” said one of the doctors.但是如果谓语含有助动词时，一般不用倒装。另外，如果谓语比主语长，或是它后面有宾语时，一般也不用倒装。

“He is a liar. You can’t trust him,” Tom said to me in a whisper.“I am hungry,” she had said.

表语（介词短语） + 系动词 + 主语• In the corner was a table.

(A table was in the corner.)

强调表语时使用

•Around his head was a brown snake.

On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.

状语（介词短语） + v. + S.

On the wall hangs an old jacket.

(To the) east of the city lie two lakes.At the foot of the hill we saw a house, in front of which sat a small boy.

强调状语时使用

部分倒装指的是只把助动词或情态动词放在主语前 .

1) 一般疑问句及某些特殊疑问句 : Can you speak French? Have you ever seen the movie? What are you doing?

部分倒装

2 ） never, seldom, little, nowhere, not, hardly ， barely, rarely, not once 等否定词位于句首时

•Never have I seen him before.•Seldom do we go out.

•Little does he know what trouble he is in.Hardly could she believe her own eyes.

Exercises:

•We are going nowhere at the weekend.

•He did not make a single mistake.

Nowhere are we going at the weekend.

Not a single mistake did he make.

否定介词短语 prep. + no + n. 位于句首 : at no time/in no way/in no case/by no means/on no account/under no circumstances/on no condition( 决不 )

By no means can teaching be separated from practice.On no condition must you climb that high wall.Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.

3)Only + 状语，位于句首•Only in this way can you work out the problem.

•He was able to get back home only when the war was over.

Only when the war was over was he able to get back home.

Exercise:

4) No sooner…than…

Hardly …when…

Scarcely …when…

Hardly had they gone out of the classroom when it began to rain.

位于句首

•He had no sooner arrived there than he fell ill.

No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.

•He had scarcely fallen asleep when a knock at the door awaked her. Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awaked her.

Exercises:

5 ） not …until…

•Not until yesterday did I know the news.

•So loudly did he speak that even people

in the next room could hear him.

So/such ….that...位于句首

Such an interesting film was it that they were all moved.

•I did not begin to do my homework until my mother came back.

Not until my mother came back did I begin to do my homework.

Exercises:

注意 : 下面句子不倒装 (强调句式 )It was not until the teacher came that he finished his homework.

6) Not only…but also… 连接两个句子时

• Not only was there no electricity at that time but also (there was) no water in the area. •He is not only an actor but also a writer. Not only is he an actor but also (he is) a writer.

7) so neither/nor

引起的句子表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人

•He likes rice very well. So do I.

•I have never been abroad. Neither has he.

•We saw the film last week. They saw it, too.We saw the film last week. So did they.

I read •I didn’t read the notice on the blackboard. He didn’t either.

I didn’t read the notice on the blackboard. Nor did he.

但是 *It was cold yesterday. So it was.

Exercises:

8) 省略了 if 的虚拟条件句

虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果是 were, had, should 时，可省略if, 但其谓语须倒装。

Had you worked hard at your lessons, you would have passed the exam.

*9)As 引导的让步状语从句Old as he was, he insisted on going with us.

Hard as he worked, he failed.

Child as he is , he knows a lot about the world.Try as he might, Tom could not get out of he difficulty.

Fail as I did, I would try again.

1.n./adj. + as + S + v.

2.adv. + as + S + v.

3.v. + as + S + 情态动词 / 助动词

Exercises:1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time

I had wasted.A.didn’t I realize B. did I realize C. I didn’t realize D. I realized2. Only by practicing a few hours every day ____

be able to master the language.A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you

3. If you don’t go, neither ____. A. shall I B. do I C. I do D. I shall

4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.A. had I got, when B. I had got, than

C. had I got, than D. did I get, when

5. ---- Your father is very strict with you. ---- ____. He never lets off a single mistake of oursA. So he is B. So is he C. He is so D. So does he6. ____ today, he would get there by Sunday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leavingC. Were he to leave D. If he leave7. Never in my life ____ such a thing. A. I have heard or have seen B. have I heard or seen C. I have heard or seen D. did I hear or see8. ---- Here ____! Where is Xiao Liu? ---- There ____. A. comes the bus, is he B. comes the bus, he is C. the bus comes, is he D. the bus comes, he is

9. ____ , I will not buy it.A. Much as do I like it B. As much I like itC. Much as I like it D. As I like it much10. --I like football. I don’t like volleyball. -- ____.

A. So do I B. Neither do IC. So it is with me D. So is it with me

11._____ the expense, I _____ to Italy.A. If it were not, go B. Were it not for, would goC. Weren't it for, will goD. If it hadn’t been, would have gone12. So _____ in the darkness that he didn’t dare to

move an inch.A. he was frightened B. was he frightenedC. frightened he was D. frightened was he

13.—In modem times, girls like beautiful clothes. —Yes, _____ and boys. After all, our life has greatly improved.A. so do they; so do you B. so they do; so you doC. so do they; so you do D. so they do; so do you

14.--You have an English class every day except Sunday. -- ___. A. So we have B. So we do C. So have we D. So do we

15.1 wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _____, so _____ mine.A. does; will B. will; does C. will; would D. does; do

16. Only after I read the text over again _____ its main idea.A.that I knew B. did I knew C. 1 could know D. I did know

17.—You seem to have learned all the English words by heart.A. So l do B. So do l C. So I have D. So have 1

18. —I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.A.So do I B. Neither do I B.C. I m the same D. So it is with me

19. So excited _____ that he couldn't say a word.A.he seemed B. did he seemC. was he seeming D. he did look

20. Jimmy was so nervous not a single word _____ down in the dictation.A.he wrote B. he was writtenC. did he write D. was he written

21. Little ______ when 1 took the trip where it would lead me.A. have I known B. had I known C. do 1 know D. did I know

22. —Have you ever seen anything like that before?— ____.A. No, I never have seen anything like that before B. No, never I have seen anything like that beforeC. No, never have 1 seen anything like that beforeD. No, I have seen anything like that before never

23. _____ , 1 would accept the invitation and go to the party. A. Were I you B. Was I you C. Had I been you D. Would 1 be you24. You should work less _____.A.and neither should I B. and so should I B.C. and nor should I D. and so I should

25. _____ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat26. Not only _____ a promise, but also he kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. does he make D. has he made27. His uncle is a worker and has been working in

the factory for more than ten years. _____. A. So is his aunt B. So has his aunt C. So his aunt does D. So it is with his aunt28. Not once _____ their plan. A. did they change B. they changed C. changed they D. they did change

29.—Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? —I don't know, and ______ . A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also30. Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet h

ad been stolen. A. did B. would C. when D. that31. —This is one of the oldest trees in the world. — ___ such

a big tree. A. Never I have seen B. I haven't never seen C. Never have I seen D. I have seen never32. Nowhere else in the world _____ cheaper tailoring（裁缝业 , 成衣业） than in Hong Kong. A. a tourist can find B. can a tourist find C. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found

33. _____ succeed in doing anything.A. Only by working hard we canB. By only working hard we canC. Only we can by working hardD. Only by working hard can we34. _____ that we all went out, lying in the sun.A. So fine was the weather B. So was the fine weatherC. The weather was so fine was D. So the weather was tine35. ____ a nice man ____ that we all believe him.A. So; did he seem B. So; he seemedC. Such; he seemed D. Such; did he seem36. —You seem to be an actor.—_____. I have played many parts in a lot of films.A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do D. So I am

37. Not only____ working hard, but also ____ very polite. A. the boy is; he is B. is the boy; he is C. the boy is; is he D. is the boy; is he

38. _____ , he never seems able to do the work beautifully. A. Try as he does B. As he tries C. Try as does he D. As try he does

39.—I cannot see the picture well from here. — _____. A. Neither can t I B. Neither I can C. I can't neither D. Neither can I

40.— You ought to have given them some advice — _____, but who cared what I asked?A. So ought you B. So 1 ought C. So it was D. So I did

41. So carelessly _____ that he almost killed himself.A. he drives B. does he drive C. did he drive D. he drove

42. Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.A. he cared B. did he care C. he cares D. does he care

43. Well ____ know him and well ____ know me. A. I did; he did B. did I; he did C. did I; did he D. I did; did he44. No sooner ____ they rushed out into the street.A. did they hear the news than B. did they hear the news whenC. had they heard the news than D. had they heard the news

when45. Little wonder _____ up their hands in dismay. A. have some thrown B. some have thrown C. thrown some have D. have thrown some

46. _____ , he would have passed the exam. A. If he were to study B. If he studied hard C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard47. We were lucky enough, for no sooner ___ home ___ it

rained.A. we returned; and B. we had returned; whenC. did we return; when D. had we returned; than48. So little _____ agree on the plan that they could not settle

their difference.A. did they B. do they C. they did D. they did not

49. _____ he realized it was too late to return home. A. No sooner it grew dark than B. Hardly did it grow dark when C. It was not until dark that D. It was until dark that