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r~`yoe d` y`c`iioe vp` `j`~io`~aecay r~ok`~ay fg~oipcta~`y lp` ~+rodf d` g~fe fcifei`%

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7/23/2019 Investigacin y ciencia 337 - Octubre 2004

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k`t~f%@e doyrayoto|ay kfgetoiay d` K^ `e cf K^ a~doef~of `e y`koiae+dpita~`y ea kfgetoiay# cf iaet~o+npioe d` cf g`ak`t~f f cf K^ `yoeyogeoloifet` `e iakrf~fioe iaecf iaet~onpioe lyoif -cf rf~t` vp`d`r`ed` d` cfy r~aro`dfd`y oet~e+y`ify d`c kft`~ofc# iaka `c ek`~ad` `c`it~ae`y ra~ peodfd d` |acp+k`e doyraeonc`y rf~f iaedpio~ pefia~~o`et`/% K`dofet` `c doy`a d` ea+|`dayfy `yt~pitp~fy mn~odfy d` y`+koiaedpita~`y ea kfgetoiay k`+tfc`y# ko g~pra lp` ifrfz d` iaeyt~po~doyrayoto|ay `e cay vp` cf iaet~onp+ioe g`akt~oif f cf K^ `~f kpypr`~oa~ f cf iaet~onpioe lyoif%

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tfnc`i` `e `c kft`~ofc% Pef r~aro`+dfd d` `ytfy ce`fy d` ifkra `ci+t~oia `y vp` yo`kr~` y` fcoe`fer`~r`edoipcf~k`et` f cf ypr`~loio``}t`~oa~ d` pe np`e iaedpita~% @yt``l`ita r~a|aif vp` y` ip~|`e mfiofd`et~a y` iaei`et~`e `e `c doyiad` k`tfc% D` `y` kada# cf ia~~o`et`y` ifefcozf f t~f|y d`c k`tfc kpiaedpita~# iae `c ~`ypctfda d` vp``c doyrayoto|a t`egf gcanfck`et` pef~`yoyt`eiof nfjf% @c |fca~ `}fita d`cf ~`yoyt`eiof d`r`ed`~ d` cf g`a+k`t~f8 `yta `y# d` cfy dok`eyoae`y~`cfto|fy cf la~kf d`c k`tfc `cy`koiaedpita~%

Iaeyod`~`kay f iaetoepfioe vprfyf yo frcoifkay pe ifkra kfge+

toia r`~r`edoipcf~ f cf tfnc`tf% Ogpfcvp` `e pef K^ a~doef~of# `c ifkrar~adpi` pef lp`~zf fdoioaefc `e cfyif~gfy cfy d`y|f iaka f pe f|oepe |o`eta cft`~fc# d` kfe`~f vp` y`ka|`~e gpf~dfeda io`~ta egpcaiae ~`yr`ita f cfy ce`fy d` ifkra`cit~oia% Iae pe ifkra kfgetoiayploio`et`k`et` oet`eya# rp`d`e d`y+|of~y` mfytf ?2 g~fday `e cf l~ae+t`~f d`c doyia k`tcoia% @e at~fyrfcfn~fy# cf ia~~o`et` lcpo~ `etae+i`y fc~`d`da~ d`c r`~k`t~a d`c doyia`e cpgf~ d` `et~f~ `e c -cf `}rco+ifioe `y fcga ky iakrcoifdf# iakay` d`yi~on` `e cf ocpyt~fioe# r`~a`c ~`ypctfda loefc vp` eay okra~tf`y vp` cf ia~~o`et` `|otf `c doyiak`tcoia/%

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Rf~f cc`gf~ mfytf cf ifpyf d` cf@K^ fpd kpima `c t~fnfja roae`+~a d` Imf~c`y Wacl C`yt`~ Ytocckfe#d` cf Peo|`~yodfd d` Occoeaoy# vpo`+e`y `e 6?72 `ytpdof~ae `yt~pitp~fym`imfy d` y`koiaedpita~ k`tfc-a `yt~pitp~fy mn~odfy/%

@e rf~toipcf~# oe|`ytogf~ae cf ka+|ocodfd d` cfy if~gfy `e cfy `y+t~pitp~fy mn~odfy# vp` |o`e` f y`~pef k`dodf d` cf lfiocodfd iae vp`cay ra~tfda~`y d` cf ia~~o`et` `ci+t~oif y` kp`|`e `e pe ifkra `ci+t~oia% Cay ra~tfda~`y rp`d`e y`~`c`it~ae`y a mp`iay -pe mp`ia ~`+ypctf d` cf fpy`eiof d` pe `c`it~e`e pe kf~ d` `c`it~ae`y# iae ca vp``e kpimay ~`yr`itay y` iakra~tfiaka pef rf~tipcf if~gfdf rayo+to|fk`et`/%

^`ypk`e!Pef ep`|f kfge`ta~~`yoyt`eiof Cf kfge`ta~~`yoyt`eiof iaeyoyt` `e vp` cf ~`yoyt`eiof `cit~oif d` pe

k`tfc a pe y`koiaedpita~ ifkno` -ea~kfck`et` fpk`et`/ `e ~`yrp`ytff pe ifkra kfgetoia% Pef |f~ofet` d` `yt` `l`ita# koc`y d` |`i`ykfa~ vp` eoegpef d` cfy r~`|ofk`et` any`~|fdfy# y` d`yipn~o `e6??= y` ccfk kfge`ta~~`yoyt`eiof `}t~fa~doef~of -@K^/% Cf @K^ d`+r`ed` d` cf g`ak`t~f loef d` pe doyrayoto|a iaeyt~poda f rf~to~ d` pek`tfc iaedpita~ pe y`koiaedpita~%

Cf @K^ rp`d` ptocozf~y` rf~f lfn~oif~ ifn`zfc`y c`ita~`y d` doyiay dp+~ay vp` y`fe ky ~roday ifrfi`y d` t~ftf~ kfa~`y d`eyodfd d`dftay vp` cay ifn`zfc`y c`ita~`y d` ma `e df -nfyfday `e cf ccfkf+df kfge`ta~~`yoyt`eiof gogfet`# a GK^/% D`noda f vp` cay ifn`zfc`y@K^ ea iaeto`e`e kft`~ofc`y kfgetoiay# r~`y`etf~fe k`ea~ ~podakfgetoia vp` cay ifn`zfc`y GK^8 k`ja~f~f fy yp ~`edoko`eta%

Kpimfy at~fy frcoifioae`y rad~fe n`e`loiof~y` d` cf @K^: cay ~anatyy`eya~`y d` cf rayoioe# at~ay y`eya~`y oedpyt~ofc`y d` rayoioe |`caiodfd# cay l~`eay fetoncavp`a# cay fka~togpfda~`y oet`cog`et`y#cay yoyt`kfy t`kra~ozfda~`y d` iaet~ac d`c `ei`edoda# cay y`eya~`y`e oet`~~prta~`y rf~f t`icfy d` t`claeay cfy k`ka~ofy ea |actoc`yd` nfja iayt` rf~f `c`it~adakytoiay%

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Rf~to`eda d`c t~fnfja d` Wacl Ytocckfe# koy iacfna~fda~`y aeay dokay ip`etf d` vp`# rf~f ifk+ray kfgetoiay dnoc`y# cf @K^mfnf d` y`~ kpima kfa~ `e y`ko+iaedpita~`y iae pef fctf ka|ocodfdd` cay ra~tfda~`y% Cay kft`~ofc`y d`oet`~|fca d` nfedf `yt~`ima# iakaOeYn# ipkrc`e `c ~`vpoyota d` cf fctfka|ocodfd% @ytf r~`doiioe eay feokf d`yf~~accf~ kft`~ofc`y y`koiae+dpita~`y iae ka|ocodfd fpk`etfdf%C`yc` Iam`e `c f d`yfrf~`iodaTae Yt~fdcoeg# d`c Iac`goa Okr`~ofcd` Caed~`y# cag~f~ae pe okra~tfet`f|fei` fc r~`rf~f~ r`cipcfy pct~fd`c+gfdfy d` OeYn iae g~fe ka|ocodfd%Koimf`c Yfetay# d` cf Peo|`~yodfd d`Ahcfmakf# y` mf iaei`et~fda iae}ota `e cfy m`t`~a`yt~pitp~fy -`y+t~pitp~fy vp` iaknoefe day torayd` y`koiaedpita~/ m`imfy d` ifrfy

d` OeYn d` fetokaeop~a d` oedoa fcpkoeoa -Oe FcYn/% Do~h G~pedc`~ ypy iac`gfy d` cf Peo|`~yodfd d`Mfknp~ga mfe `ytpdofda f laedacf @K^ `e `yt~pitp~fy mn~odfy d`f~y`eop~a d` oedoa k`tfc%

Oeepk`~fnc`y frcoifioae`yDay lfita~`y mfe okrpcyfda `c d`y+ipn~oko`eta `ytpdoa d` ep`|ayl`ek`eay d` K^ dp~fet` cay cto+kay 6< fay: cf rp~f ip~oayodfd oe+t`c`itpfc cf r~ak`yf d` vp` vp`rffrcoif~cay `e y`eya~`y kfgetoiay%@ytf r~ak`yf y` mf iae|`~toda io`~+tfk`et` `e ~`fcodfd `e `c ifya d`cf K^ gogfet`# a GK^# d`yipno`~tf`e 6?==% Cf kfa~f d` cay doyiaydp~ay kfgetoiay d` cay a~d`efda+~`y# yo ea taday# ptocozfe ma `e dfy`eya~`y d` c`itp~f GK^ rf~f d`+t`itf~ cay noty kfgetoiay d` cf oe+la~kfioe fckfi`efdf%

Cay y`eya~`y K^ `e g`e`~fc cay@K^ `e rf~toipcf~ to`e`e oeepk`+~fnc`y frcoifioae`y% @et~` cfy oedpy+t~ofc`y logp~fe `c iaet~ac d` r~ai`+

yay# cay ~anaty y`eya~`y d` rayoioerf~f ce`fy d` kaetfj`# `c iaet~acra~ ifkra kfgetoia d` kvpoefy kata~`y# cay y`eya~`y d` |`caio+dfd rf~f `eg~fefj`y cay y`eya~`yd` rayoioe rf~f iakrae`et`y l`+~~akfgetoiay% @e cf fptakaioe#y` cay ptocozf `e cay l~`eay fetonca+vp`a# cay fka~togpfda~`y oet`co+g`et`y# cay yoyt`kfy d` ~`ip`eta d`|`mipcay cay d` t`kra~ozfioe iaet~ac d`c `ei`edoda% Cay iaeyp+koda~`y rp`d`e mfccf~ y`eya~`y d`N^

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TK^ -K^ te`c/: Rf~`iodf f cf GK^# r`~a `e cpgf~ d` `knpto~pe k`tfc `e `c yedwoim# ptocozf pe foycfet` kp d`cgfda ra~ `cvp` rfyf cf ia~~o`et` ra~ `l`ita te`c ipetoia d` `c`it~ae`y%Cf r~}okf g`e`~fioe d` ifn`zfc`y c`ita~`y d` doyia r~anfnc`+k`et` y` |fcd~ d` cf TK^% Tfeta cf GK^ iaka cf TK^ yaey`eyonc`y f ifknoay kp r`vp`ay d`c ifkra kfgetoia%Koim`c Jpcco~`# d`c OEYF d` ^`ee`y# cag~ k`do~ cf TK^# `e6?708 `c oet`~y mfiof `ccf y` ~`f|o| f r~oeioroay d` cay fayea|`etf%

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ifda r~a|aif vp` `c kft`~ofc ifkno` d` ea kfgetoia foycfet` f l`~~akfgetoia k`tcoia% @y d`io~# `c ifkra kfge+toia ~`dpi` cf ~`yoyt`eiof% Cf t~feyoioe aip~~` g`e`~fck`et` ft`kr`~ftp~fy ra~ d`nfja d` cay 602 h`c|oe iae ifkraykfgetoiay d` |f~oay t`ycfy% Cf IK^# d`yipno`~tf `e cay fayioeip`etf ra~ Mf~~ Jaeh`~ J% M% \fe Yfet`e# d` Rmocory# `eMacfedf# ~`d`yipno`~tf `e 6??4 ra~ Ypeg+Ma Joe ypy iacf+na~fda~`y# d` cay Cfna~fta~oay N`cc# ea rf~`i` ma pef ifedo+dftf y`~of f vp` y` cf frcovp` `e cay ifn`zfc`y c`ita~`y%

NK^ -K^ nfcytoif/: Y` any`~|f ipfeda pef fgpjf pe fcfk+n~`# fknay k`tcoiay kfgetoiay# y` pe`e f t~f|y d` peiaetfita efeayiroia% @c ifkra kfgetoia frcoifda ifknof `ckfge`toyka d` cay day iakrae`et`y d` rf~fc`ca -nfjf ~`yoyt`e+iof/ f fetorf~fc`ca -fctf ~`yoyt`eiof/% @c `l`ita d`r`ed` d` cf

t~f`ita~of nfcytoif d` cay `c`it~ae`y f t~f|y d`c efeaiaetfita-`e cpgf~ d`c t~feyra~t` dolpyo|a f t~f|y d` doytfeiofy kfa~`y`e pe k`tfc/% Cf d`yipn~o`~ae `e 6??? Eoiacy Gf~if# Kfep`cKpaz _%+W% Zmfa# d`c Iaey`ja Ypr`~oa~ d` Oe|`ytogfioae`yIo`etloify# `e Kfd~od% F loefc`y d` >229 yp~go`~ae dpdfy yan~`cf |fcod`z d` io`~tay ~`ypctfday ~`cfto|ay f cf NK^8 y`ge fcgp+eay oe|`ytogfda~`y# `ytfnfe ifpyfday ra~ pe `l`ita dol`~`et`%@c pya d` cf NK^ `e ifn`zfc`y c`ita~`y rf~`i` pef rayonocodfd~`katf%

@K^ -K^ `}t~fa~doef~of/: Iaka cf K^ a~doef~of fc ~`|yvp` cay d`ky l`ek`eay d` g~fe K^# y` r~adpi` `e `yt~pitp+~fy vp` ea oeicp`e kft`~ofc`y kfgetoiay% \fy` `c t`}ta r~oe+iorfc rf~f ky oela~kfioe yan~` cf @K^%

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`y` `ytoca `e cay oet`~~prta~`y d`cfy t`icfy d` cay t`claeay# `e cfyn~jpcfy d` ytfda ycoda# e cfy k`+ka~ofy ea |actoc`y d` nfja iayt`d` cay `c`it~adakytoiay# `e cay iae+kptfda~`y d` cay fyi`eya~`y `ecay iaet~acfda~`y d` kata~ yoc`e+ioayay d` cay doyiay dp~ay% A tfk+noe `e cay f~tocpgoay vp`# k`dofet`cf c`itp~f d` toetfy kfgetoify# yo~+|`e rf~f icfyoloif~ iaetf~ nocc`+t`y% A iaka y`eya~`y d` ifkray d`nfjf fctf oet`eyodfd `e k`doioef%

D` tadfy `ytfy frcoifioae`y# eoe+gpef d`n` d` mfn`~ vp` rcfet`` r~a+nc`kfy tieoiay ky dolioc`y vp`cfy ifn`zfy c`ita~fy d` cay doyiaydp~ay% Cay doyiay dp~ay to`e`e t~`yiakrae`et`y icf|`: c k`doa kfge+toia d`c doyia# vp` fckfi`ef cf oe+la~kfioe8 `c ifn`zfc d` `yi~otp~fvp` g~fnf cf oela~kfioe `e `c doyia8

`c ifn`zfc d` c`itp~f vp` c`` cfoela~kfioe% Cay t~`y iakrae`et`ymfn~e d` k`ja~f~ rf~f yfiof~ cfd`kfedf fitpfc d` k`ka~ofy d` nfjaiayt`# fctf |`caiodfd d`eyodfd d`dftay ifdf |`z kfa~%

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7/23/2019 Investigacin y ciencia 337 - Octubre 2004

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