isa tube fab

8/7/2019 ISA Tube Fab

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Instrumentation Safety Program

Basic Principles of Tube LineBasic Principles of Tube LineFabricationFabrication


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TopicsTopics

Tube SelectionTube Selection

Compression Fitting Function & OperationCompression Fitting Function & Operation

Single ferrule vs. double ferrule fittingsSingle ferrule vs. double ferrule fittings Tube End PreparationTube End Preparation

Fitting MakeFitting Make--upup

Fitting ReFitting Re--MakeMake Safety Related TopicsSafety Related Topics

TroubleshootingTroubleshooting


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Why Use Tubing Over Pipe?Why Use Tubing Over Pipe?

1 - Bending Quality

2 - Greater Strength

3 - Less Turbulence

4 - Economy of Space

and Weight

5 - Flexibility

6. FewerFittings

7. Tighter Joints

8. Better Appearance

9. CleanerFabrication

10. Easier Assembly

and Disassembly

11. Less Maintenance


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5.5. FlexibilityFlexibility-- Tubingis less rigid, has less tendencyTubingis less rigid, has less tendencyto transmit vibration from one connection toto transmit vibration from one connection toanother.another.

6.6. FewerFittingsFewerFittings -- Tubingbends substitute forTubingbends substitute forelbows. Fewer fittings mean fewer joints, fewer leakelbows. Fewer fittings mean fewer joints, fewer leakpaths.paths.

7.7. Tighter JointsTighter Joints -- Quality tube fittings, correctlyQuality tube fittings, correctly

assembled, give better assurance of leakassembled, give better assurance of leak--freefreesystems.systems.

8.8. Better AppearanceBetter Appearance -- Tubingpermits smootherTubingpermits smoothercontours with fewer fittings for a professional look tocontours with fewer fittings for a professional look totubing systems.tubing systems.


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9.9. CleanerFabricationCleanerFabrication -- No sealingcompounds onNo sealingcompounds ontube connections. Againno threading; minimumtube connections. Againno threading; minimumchance of scale, metal chips, foreignparticles inchance of scale, metal chips, foreignparticles in

system.system.10.10. Easier Assembly and DisassemblyEasier Assembly and Disassembly-- Every tubeEvery tube

connection serves as a union. Tube connectionsconnection serves as a union. Tube connectionscanbe reassembled repeatedly with easy wrenchcanbe reassembled repeatedly with easy wrench

action.action.11.11. Less MaintenanceLess Maintenance --Advantages of tubing andAdvantages of tubing andtube fittings addup to dependable, troubletube fittings addup to dependable, trouble--freefreeinstallations.installations.


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ProperTube SelectionProperTube Selection

Always Match MaterialsAlways Match Materials

SelectProperTubing HardnessSelectProperTubing Hardness

SelectProper WallThicknessSelectProper WallThickness

ProtectTubing SurfaceFinishProtectTubing SurfaceFinish

FourAreasofConsiderationand Care:FourAreasofConsiderationand Care:


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Stainless SteelFittingswith StainlessStainless SteelFittingswith StainlessSteelTubingSteelTubing

Carbon SteelFittingswithCarbonCarbon SteelFittingswithCarbonSteelTubingSteelTubing

BrassFittingswithCopperTubingisBrassFittingswithCopperTubingis

theone Exceptiontheone Exception

Examples:Examples:


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DissimilarmetalsmaycausegalvanicDissimilarmetalsmaycausegalvanic

corrosioncorrosion Ferrulesmustto beharderthantheFerrulesmustto beharderthanthetubingtubing

Two Main Reasonsto Match MaterialsTwo Main Reasonsto Match Materials


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Galvanic CorrosionGalvanic Corrosion(electromechanical)(electromechanical)

Pleaserefertoyour InstrumentTubeFitting InstallationPleaserefertoyour InstrumentTubeFitting InstallationManual (page 19)Manual (page 19)

Dissimilar MetalsDissimilar Metals Createalow energycurrent.Createalow energycurrent.

Thelow energycurrentwilltravel betweenthetwoThelow energycurrentwilltravel betweenthetwodissimilarmetals.dissimilarmetals.

Themetalwithmoreanodicpotentialwill begintoThemetalwithmoreanodicpotentialwill begintocorrode.corrode.

Parker doesnotrecommend theuseofdissimilarParker doesnotrecommend theuseofdissimilarmetals.metals.

Theonly exceptionis brassfittingsoncoppertubing.Theonly exceptionis brassfittingsoncoppertubing.


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(page 19)(page 19)


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Galvanic SeriesChartsasfound onpage 19,Galvanic SeriesChartsasfound onpage 19,willpredictwhichmetalwillcorrodefasterorwillpredictwhichmetalwillcorrodefasterorslowerslower

Preventing or Controlling GalvanicPreventing or Controlling GalvanicCorrosionCorrosion


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ProperTubing HardnessProperTubing Hardness

Forthefittingtoproperlyreactwiththetubing,Forthefittingtoproperlyreactwiththetubing,theferrulestheferrules MustMustbeharderthantubing.beharderthantubing.

SS tubingshould haveamaximumhardnessofRbSS tubingshould haveamaximumhardnessofRb

90.90. Rb 80 isrecommended.Rb 80 isrecommended.

ThefollowingslidesshowhowatubesystemThefollowingslidesshowhowatubesystemreactswhentheferrulesaresofterthenthereactswhentheferrulesaresofterthenthe

tubing.tubing.


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Twin Ferrule Fitting Seal PointsTwin Ferrule Fitting Seal Points

* Conditional Seal based on condition & quality of tubing

AB

CD*


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FrontferrulecompressesontothesurfaceofFrontferrulecompressesontothesurfaceof

thetubingwhilesealingagainstthe bodyseatthetubingwhilesealingagainstthe bodyseat

Backferrulelightlypenetratestubing, providingforBackferrulelightlypenetratestubing, providingfortuberetentionand tubesealtuberetentionand tubeseal

Cross Section of Ferrule ReactionWithCross Section of Ferrule ReactionWithTubingTubing


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Single FerruleSingle Ferrule CPI Seal PointsCPI Seal Points

A

B


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Single Ferrule Fitting Design


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Frontferrulefirmlygripsand sealsontothetubingwhileFrontferrulefirmlygripsand sealsontothetubingwhilesealingagainstthe bodyseatsealingagainstthe bodyseat

Cross Section of Ferrule ReactionWithCross Section of Ferrule ReactionWithTubingTubing


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Selection of ProperTube WallThicknessSelection of ProperTube WallThickness

ChemicalCompatibilityChemicalCompatibility

SystemPressureSystemPressure SystemTemperaturesSystemTemperatures

Gas ServiceGas Service

Four Areas forConsideration:Four Areas forConsideration:


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Pleaserefertopages 22 & 23 ofyourmanual

Selection of ProperTube WallThicknessSelection of ProperTube WallThickness


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Chemical andTemperature CompatibilityChemical andTemperature Compatibility

Pleaserefertopage 21 ofyourmanual


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Pleaserefertopage 24 ofyourmanual

Temperature DeTemperature De--Rating FactorsRating Factors


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Gas Service ApplicationsGas Service Applications

UnacceptableforGas Service

AcceptableforGas Service


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Protecting the Tubing SurfaceProtecting the Tubing Surface

Good qualitytubesurfacefinishis essentialGood qualitytubesurfacefinishis essential

Scratches, abrasions, weld seamsorrollScratches, abrasions, weld seamsorrollstampingsonthetubesurfacecancreatestampingsonthetubesurfacecancreateleakpathsundertheferrulesystem.leakpathsundertheferrulesystem.

RuleofThumb:RuleofThumb: Ifyoucanfeelascratch, orweld seam, withIfyoucanfeelascratch, orweld seam, withyourfingernailyourfingernail itmay be deep enoughtoitmay be deep enoughtocreatealeakpathcreatealeakpath WorkaroundWorkaround

Cutoffbad endCutoffbad end

GetanotherpieceoftubingGetanotherpieceoftubing

ProperTube Surface FinishisCriticaltoProperTube Surface FinishisCriticaltoOptimizing Fitting PerformanceOptimizing Fitting Performance


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ProperTubing HardnessProperTubing Hardness

Pleaserefertoyour InstrumentTubeFittingPleaserefertoyour InstrumentTubeFittingInstallation Manual (page 25)Installation Manual (page 25)


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Brief Exercise on ProperTube Selection

Media: NitrogenMedia: Nitrogen

Application: MainsupplyheaderfromApplication: Mainsupplyheaderfromcompressed gas bottles deliveringnitrogencompressed gas bottles deliveringnitrogen

blanketingonoilstoragetanks.blanketingonoilstoragetanks. Location:GulfofMexicoshoreline.Location:GulfofMexicoshoreline.

SystemPressure: 2,000 PSIGSystemPressure: 2,000 PSIG(will bereduced later)(will bereduced later)

Line Size: Line Size: Temperature:AmbientoutdoorconditionsTemperature:Ambientoutdoorconditions


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Brief Exercise on ProperTube Selection

Line Size: Line Size:

Nitrogenisnotcorrosive butthe environmentisNitrogenisnotcorrosive butthe environmentis Stainless Steeltubingwould be best.Stainless Steeltubingwould be best.

SystemPressureis 2,000 PSIG, so .035 tubingwillSystemPressureis 2,000 PSIG, so .035 tubingwillmeetthepressurerequirements. Thisisgasservicemeetthepressurerequirements. Thisisgasserviceand and -- .035 walltubingislisted inthegrayarea.035 walltubingislisted inthegrayarea(notsuitableforgasservice) soweneed togoto(notsuitableforgasservice) soweneed togoto

.049 wall. (.049 wall. (Samespecificationsapplyforwelded orseamlesstubing)Samespecificationsapplyforwelded orseamlesstubing)

Thereisnoneed to deThereisnoneed to de--ratetheworkingpressureofratetheworkingpressureofthetubingtocompensatefor excessivetemperaturesthetubingtocompensatefor excessivetemperatures

Answer:


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Practical ExamplePractical Example

Line Size:

SystemPressure: 2,000 PSIG

Media: Nitrogen


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Tube Bending TechniquesTube Bending Techniques


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This Program WillTeachThis Program WillTeach

WhatHappenstoaPieceofTubingWhatHappenstoaPieceofTubingDuringBendingDuringBending

Operationofa Manual HandOperationofa Manual Hand--TubeTubeBenderBender

Measuring, Bendingand FabricatingMeasuring, Bendingand Fabricating

aTubeLineaTubeLine(CanAlso beApplied to Working WithConduit)(CanAlso beApplied to Working WithConduit)


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Minimum Free Length of Straight TubingMinimum Free Length of Straight Tubing

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Tube EndPreparationTube EndPreparation

Cut Tubing With TubeCutter orCut Tubing With TubeCutter or

HacksawHacksaw DeDe--burr the Tube Endburr the Tube End

Clean the Tube EndClean the Tube End

InspectInspect


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CommonMethods of Cutting TubingCommonMethods of Cutting Tubing


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HandTube CuttersHandTube Cutters

EnsureyourcutterEnsureyourcutterwheelis sharp.wheelis sharp.

Use thatyou areUse thatyou areusing a stainless steelusing a stainless steelcuttingwheeloncuttingwheelonstainless steel tubing.stainless steel tubing.

More turns tocut areMore turns tocut are

better thanless turns.better thanless turns. Advance theAdvance the

adjustingknob 1/8 toadjustingknob 1/8 to1/4 turnwhenless1/4 turnwhenless

resistanceisfelt.resistanceisfelt.


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Tru-Kutvise Model #710439.

Bladeswith 32 teethperinchminimum


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Abrasive CutAbrasive Cut--off Wheels (Chop Saws)off Wheels (Chop Saws)

Least desirable andLeast desirable andrecommendedrecommended

method tocutmethod tocutinstrument tubing.instrument tubing.

Excessive burrs.Excessive burrs.

ConsiderableConsiderablecontamination blowncontamination blowninto tubinginto tubing


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Burrsformed bycuttingBurrsformed bycuttingmustbeproperlyremovedmustbeproperlyremoved

O.D. burrscanpreventO.D. burrscanprevent

tubingfromseatingtubingfromseatingproperlyinafitting body.properlyinafitting body.

I.D. burrscanrestrictflow,I.D. burrscanrestrictflow,aswellaspossibly breakaswellaspossibly break

looseand damagefinelooseand damagefinefiltration elements.filtration elements.

Note: Donotover deburrNote: Donotover deburrthe O.D. oftubing.the O.D. oftubing.

DeDe--Burringthe Tube EndBurringthe Tube End

Parkers IN-EX De-Burring toolModel #226


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SizingAngleSizingAngle

Take CareNot to Excessively DeTake CareNot to Excessively De--Burr the O.D.Burr the O.D.


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Cleaning the TubingCleaning the Tubing

AfterDeAfterDe--BurringBurring

Flush With Solventor Compressed AirFlush With Solventor Compressed Air

Swab With aLintFree ClothSwab With aLintFree Cloth

Inspectfor Ovality & BurrsInspectfor Ovality & Burrs Do NOTpolish, wirewheelor Emory Cloth theDo NOTpolish, wirewheelor Emory Cloth the

tube end!tube end!


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Proper Tube FittingMakeProper Tube FittingMake--up andReup andRe--MakeMake


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Proper ComponentProper ComponentOrientation andSequenceOrientation andSequence


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Proper Component OrientationProper Component Orientation

SingleFerruleFittingSingleFerruleFitting

OneFerrule OneDirection

IncorrectAssembly Ferrule Missing

FerruleBackwardsBoth are very obvious


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ComponentOrientationComponentOrientation Two Ferrule FittingsTwo Ferrule Fittings

Two Ferrule FittingTwo Ferrule Fitting No need to disassemble

newfittingsforinspection.

Backferrule is the mostcommoncausefor error Backwards

Missing

Insert tubing into thefitting beforedisassembling andinspectingcomponents.


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NPT Port Preparation with TeflonNPT Port Preparation with Teflon TapeTape

The port (pipe) end should be inspectedThe port (pipe) end should be inspectedand prepared before the fitting is installedand prepared before the fitting is installedand thecompression end issetand thecompression end isset Ensure thread isclean and free of dirt, burrs,Ensure thread isclean and free of dirt, burrs,

Etc.Etc. Starting with the first thread, apply 1Starting with the first thread, apply 1--1/2 to 21/2 to 2

Wraps of Tape if tape is thicker, 2 to 3 wraps isWraps of Tape if tape is thicker, 2 to 3 wraps istape is of a thinner varietytape is of a thinner variety -- DoNotOverhangDoNotOverhang

TapeTape Wrap tape in the direction ofmale pipespiralWrap tape in the direction ofmale pipespiral


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Insert fitting into pipe port and turn it in finger tight.

Tighten with wrench.


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Insert fitting into pipe port and turn it in finger tight.

Tighten with wrench.


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Thread Sealants

NOTE: Ifthread sealantsare beingusedNOTE: Ifthread sealantsare beingused --followmanufacturersrecommendedfollowmanufacturersrecommendedinstructionsforapplication.instructionsforapplication.

Also ensurethesealantiscompatiblewithAlso ensurethesealantiscompatiblewiththeprocessmediatheprocessmedia

SAE St i ht Th d O i


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SAE StraightThread O-ringFitting - Non adjustable

Makesure boththreadsMakesure boththreadsand sealingsurfacesareand sealingsurfacesarefreeofburrs, nicks &freeofburrs, nicks &scratches, oranyforeignscratches, oranyforeign

material.material. Lubricate OLubricate O--ringwithringwithsystemcompatiblesystemcompatiblelubricant.lubricant.

TightentotorquelevelTightentotorquelevellisted inthetorquechartlisted inthetorquechartonpage 32.onpage 32.



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SAE StraightThread O-ringFitting - Adjustable

Inspectand correctbothmatingpartsforburrs, nicks, scratchesoranyforeignparticles.

Lubricate O-ringwithsystemcompatiblelubricant.



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SAE StraightThread O-ringFitting - Adjustable

Backofflocknutasfaraspossibletoward fittingbodymakesure back-upwasherand O-ringarepushed upasfaraspossibletoward upperthread.

Screwfitting byhand intotheportuntil back-upwashercontactsfaceoftheportand continueturninguntilsnug. (Veryslightwrenchingmaybeneeded). Back-upwasherisnowincorrect

positionforassembly.


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Proper FittingMakeProper FittingMake--upup


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1/161/16 -- 3/163/16

1/41/4 -- 11

Becauseofconsiderable variationsintubingwallthicknessand surfacehardness, InstrumentTube

Fittingsare NOTmadeup bytorque. Rathertheyare

assembled bythefollowingsimpleinstructions:


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11--1/4 Turns1/4 Turns


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AA--LOKLOK-- Fully Installed 1 and TurnsFully Installed 1 and Turns


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CPICPI -- Fully Installed 1 and TurnsFully Installed 1 and Turns


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Review of Installation StepsReview of Installation Steps

Select& InspectAppropriateTubingSelect& InspectAppropriateTubing Fully InsertTubingFully InsertTubing

Mark ReferencePointon Nut / TubeMark ReferencePointon Nut / Tube

Securely Hold Body & Rotate NutSecurely Hold Body & Rotate NutClockwise (1Clockwise (1--1/4 turns)1/4 turns)


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Basic TroubleshootingBasic Troubleshooting


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Presentedby the RG GroupPresentedby the RG Group

Thank You!!!Thank You!!!

isa tube fab

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