itnv51 stundent-ppt ch6

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Introduction to Networks v5.1

Chapter 6:

Network Layer

Instructor Name: Touch Ra

23,April 2016


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2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2

6.0 Introduction

6.1 Network Layer Protocols

6.2 Routing

6.3 Routers

6.4 Configure a Cisco Router

6.5 Summary


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Cisco Public 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4


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End to End Transport processes

Addressing end devices

Encapsulation

Routing

De-encapsulating


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Version = 0100

DS = Packet Priority

TTL = Limits life ofPacket

Protocol = Upperlayer protocol such

as TCP

Source IP Address =source of packet

Destination IP

Address =destination of packet


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IP address depletion

Internet routing table expansion

Lack of end-to-end connectivity


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Increased address space

Improved packet handling

Eliminates the need for NAT

4 billion IPv4 addresses

4,000,000,000

340 undecillion IPv6 addresses

340,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

vs.


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IPv6 has a

simplified

header


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IPv6 has a

simplified

header


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Version = 0110

Traffic Class =Priority

Flow Label = sameflow will receivesame handling

Payload Length =same as totallength

Next Header =Layer 4 Protocol

Hop Limit =Replaces TTL field


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Itself

LocalHost

RemoteHost


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Routes traffic to other networks

Has a local IP address in the same address range as other hosts on the

network

Can take data in and forward data out


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Route source Identifies how the network was learned by the router.

Destination network Identifies the destination network and how it was learned.

Outgoing interface Identifies the exit interface to use to forward a packet

toward the final destination.


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Routers require:

Central processing units (CPUs)

Operating systems (OSs)

Memory consisting of:

Random-access memory (RAM)

Read-only memory (ROM) Nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM)

Flash

The Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) is the system softwareused for most Cisco devices regardless of the size and type of thedevice.


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RAM uses the following applications and processes:

IOS and running-config

Routing table

ARP cache

Packet buffering

ROM stores the following:

Bootup information that provides the startup instructions

Power-on self-test (POST) that tests all the hardware components

Limited IOS to provide a backup version of the IOS.


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Two 4 GB flash card slots

Double-wide eHWIC slots eHWIC 0 AUX

port

LAN

interfaces

USBPorts

Console

USB Type B

Console

RJ45


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show ip route-Displays the contents ofthe IPv4 routing table

stored in RAM.

show interfaces-Displays statistics for allinterfaces on the device.

show ip interface-

Displays the IPv4statistics for all interfaceson a router.


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Thank you.

itnv51 stundent-ppt ch6

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