itt chng ch 19 electrochemistry

7/30/2019 ITT Chng Ch 19 Electrochemistry

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Hnhctrjcohdfstry


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Jxfètfjg gd$hr

'oh coerkh toh etjd !jn` oe%h fg e djnhcnh (jr eg

fjgfc cjdpjg`) fi hnhctrjgs !hrh cjdpnhthny tregsihrrh`.

5. rhh hnhdhgts (gcjd$fgh` steth) oe%h eg jxfètfjg

gd$hr ji hrj.

*e ,h $ /2 J2 0 = &

2. g djgetjdfc fjgs toh jxfètfjg gd$hr fs hen tj

toh coerkh jg toh fjg.

3f+ 3f = +5 h8+ h = +8 J2- J = -2

8. 'oh jxfètfjg gd$hr ji jxykhg fs usuenny92. g /2J2eg` J

2

2-ft fs95.0.0


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0. 'oh jxfètfjg gd$hr ji oy`rjkhg fs +5hxchpt!ohg

ft fs $jg`h` tj dhtens fg $fgery cjdpjg`s. g tohsh

ceshs fts jxfètfjg gd$hr fs95.

;. 'oh sd ji toh jxfètfjg gd$hrs ji enn toh etjds fge djnhcnh jr fjg fs hen tj toh coerkh jg toh

djnhcnh jr fjg.

?. rjp < dhtens erh +5 < dhtens erh +2eg` injrfgh

fs en!eys95.

/1J8-

J = -2 / = +5

8x(-2) + 5+ >= -5

1 = +0

Jxfètfjg gd$hrs ji enntoh etjds fg /1J8

->

0.0


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,enegcfgk 4h`jx Hetfjgs

56.5

5. 7rfth toh g$enegch` hetfjg ijr toh rhectfjg fjg fjgfc ijrd.

'oh jxf`etfjg ji h2+tj h8+$y 1r2J:2-fg ecf` sjntfjg>

h2++ 1r2J:2- h8++ 1r8+

2. Mhpereth toh hetfjg fgtj t!j oeni-rhectfjgs.

Jxf`etfjg"

1r2J:2- 1r8+

+; +8

4h`ctfjg"

h2+ h8++2 +8

8. ,enegch toh etjds jtohr toeg J eg` / fg heco oeni-rhectfjg.

1r2J:2- 21r8+


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0. jr rhectfjgs fg ecf e`` /2J tj $enegch J etjds eg` /+tj

$enegch / etjds.1r2J:

2- 21r8++ :/2J

50/+ + 1r2J:2- 21r8++ :/2J

?.


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:.


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en%egfc 1hnns

56.2

spjgteghjs

rh`jx rhectfjg

egj`hjxf`etfjg

cetoj`hrh`ctfjg


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en%egfc 1hnns

56.2

'oh `fiihrhgch fg hnhctrfcen

pjthgtfen $ht!hhg toh egj`h

eg` cetoj`h fs cennh`"

#chnn vjntekh

#hnhctrjdjtfvh ijrch (hdi)

#chnn pjthgtfen

1hnn Cfekred

@g (s)+ 12+(eq) 1 (s)+ @g2+(eq)

12+I = 5 DK @g2+I = 5 D

@g (s) O @g2+(5 D) OO 12+(5 D) O 1 (s)

egj`h cetoj`h


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Mteg`er` 4h`ctfjg jthgtfens

56.8

@g (s) O @g

2+

(5 D) OO /

+

(5 D) O /2(5 etd) O t (s)

2h-+ 2/+ (5 D) /2(5 etd)

@g (s) @g2+(5 D) + 2h-


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56.8

Stegèr` rhùctfjg pjthgtfen (H=)fs toh %jntekh essjcfeth`

!fto e rhùctfjg rhectfjget eg hnhctrj`h !ohg enn sjnthserh 5 Deg` enn keshs erh et 5 etd.

H== & B

Mtegèr` oy`rjkhg hnhctrj`h (M/H)

2h-+ 2/+ (5 D) /2(5 etd)

4h`ctfjg 4hectfjg


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56.8

H= = &.:; Bchnn

Steg`er` hdi (H= )chnn

&.:; B = & - H\g /\g=

2+

H\g /\g= -&.:; B=

2+

@g2+(5 D) + 2h- @g H== -&.:; B

H= = HO /O - H\g /\gchnn= =

+ 2+2


H= = Hcetoj`h

- Hegj`hchnn

= =

@g (s) O @g2+(5 D) OO /+(5 D) O /2(5 etd) O t (s)


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56.8

t (s) O /2(5 etd) O /+(5 D) OO 12+(5 D) O 1 (s)

2h-+ 12+ (5 D) 1 (s)

/2(5etd) 2/+(5 D) + 2h-


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56.8

# H=fs ijr toh rhectfjg es

!rftthg

# 'oh djrh pjsftf%h H=tohkrhethr toh thg`hgcy ijr toh

s$stegch tj $h rh`ch`

# 'oh oeni-chnn rhectfjgs erh

rh%hrsf$nh

# 'oh sfkg ji H=coegkhs

!ohg toh rhectfjg fs

rh%hrsh`

# 1oegkfgk toh stjfcofjdhtrfc

cjhiifcfhgts ji e oeni-chnn

rhectfjg `jhs gjtcoegkh

toh %enh ji H=


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7oet fs toh steg`er` hdi ji eg hnhctrjcohdfcen chnn de`h

ji e 1` hnhctrj`h fg e 5.& D1`(*J8)2sjntfjg eg` e 1r

hnhctrj`h fg e 5.& D1r(*J8)8sjntfjg>

1`2+(eq)+ 2h- 1` (s) H== -&.0& B

1r8+(eq)+ 8h- 1r (s) H== -&.:0 B

1` fs toh strjgkhr jxf`fhr

1` !fnn jxf`fh 1r

2h-+ 1`2+ (5 D) 1` (s)

1r (s) 1r8+(5 D) + 8h-


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56.0

Mpjgteghfty ji 4h`jx 4hectfjgs

= -gIHchnn

&= -gIHchnn&

g= gd$hr ji djnhs ji hnhctrjgs fg rhectfjg

I= 6;?&& FB #djn

= 6;?&& 1Ldjn

&= -RP ng A= -gIHchnn&

Hchnn& = RP

gIng A (E.850 FL#djn)(26E )

g (6;?&& FLB#djn)ng A=

=&.&2?: B

gng AHchnn

&

=&.&?62 B

gnjk AHchnn

&


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Mpjgteghfty ji 4h`jx 4hectfjgs

56.0

&= -RP ng A= -gIHchnn&


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2h-+ h2+ h

2 h2+(eq)+ 2


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'oh Hiihct ji 1jgchgtretfjg jg 1hnn Hdi

= &+ RPng # = -gIH &= -gIH&

-gIH= -gIH=+ RPng#

H= H=- ng #RPgI

Ghrgst hquetfjg


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7fnn toh ijnnj!fgk rhectfjg jccr spjgteghjsny et 2?&1 fi

h2+I = &.;& Deg` 1`2+I = &.&5& D>

h2+(eq)+ 1` (s) h (s)+ 1`2+(eq)

2h-+ h2+ 2h

1` 1`2++ 2h-Jxf`etfjg"

4h`ctfjg"g= 2

H== -&.00 9 (-&.0&)

H== -&.&0 B

H== HIh /Ih HC` /C`= =

!" !"

-&.&2?: B

gng #H&H=

-&.&2?: B

2ng-&.&0 BH=

&.&5&

&.;&H= &.&58

HA & Mpjgteghjs

56.?


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,etthrfhs

56.;

Nhcnegco chnn

Cry chnn

@g (s) @g2+(eq) + 2h-


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,etthrfhs

@g(/k) + 2J/-(eq) @gJ (s) + /2J (n) + 2h-


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,etthrfhs

56.;


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,etthrfhs

56.;

< iuhn chnnfs eg

hnhctrjcohdfcen chnn

toet rhfrhs e

cjgtfgjs sppny ji

rhectegts tj Nhhpigctfjgfgk


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Cohdfstry Fg Ectfjg


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1jrrjsfjg

56.:


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1etoj`fc rjthctfjg ji eg rjg Mtjrekh 'egN

56.:


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56.E

Hnhctrjnsfsfs toh prjchss fg !ofco hnhctrfcen hghrky fs sh`

tj cesh e gjgspjgteghjuscohdfcen rhectfjg tj jccr.


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Hnhctrjnysfs ji 7ethr

56.E


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Hnhctrjnysfs eg` Dess 1oegkhs

coerkh (1) = crrhgt (


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/j! dco 1e !fnn $h prj`ch` fg eg hnhctrjnytfc chnn ji

djnthg 1e1n2fi e crrhgt ji &.0?2 < fs pessh` torjko toh

chnn ijr 5.? ojrs>


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Cohdfstry Fg Ectfjg


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itt chng ch 19 electrochemistry

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