IX. The Plant ProtectionIX. The Plant ProtectionIX. The Plant ProtectionIX. The Plant ProtectionManage of Weed, Pest and DiseasesManage of Weed, Pest and Diseases

Potato Information Kit . 1997. Jerry LovattEnvironmental Sustainability: A vital Environmental Sustainability: A vital component of Asia’s rice ecosystems. K.L. component of Asia’s rice ecosystems. K.L. Heong. IRRI. International Rice Conference. Heong. IRRI. International Rice Conference. Bali, Sept. 2005.Bali, Sept. 2005.

Weed n Weeding

• Gulma : tumbuhan yang tidak dikehendaki tumbuh

• Gulma : saat periode kritis kompetisi thd faktor pertumbuhan

• Weeding penyiangan : usaha meniadakan gulma dari pertanaman

• Weeding : sebaiknya bukan hanya perlakuan sesaat tetapi usaha yang terpadu dengan aspek budidaya lainnya

Weeding Treatment CangkulTangkil (cangkul kecil)Bajak singkal Harrow Herbisida

FOR MORE INFO...

Weeding by other• Rotasi dg tanaman yang berbeda• Pengolahan lahan yang benar• Tanam as soon as• Benih/Bibit yang baik/vigor• Pacu pertumbuhan vegetatif• Penggunaan mulsa • Herbisida pra tumbuh

NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT

11stst RICE RICE 22ndnd RICE RICE 33rdrd RICE RICE

RICERICE RICE/VEGETABLES/ RICE/VEGETABLES/ SOYBEANSOYBEAN

MAIZE/VEGETABLESMAIZE/VEGETABLES

PROPOSED CROPPING SYSTEM

EXISTING CROPPING SYSTEM

RICERICE VEGETABLES/ MAIZE/ VEGETABLES/ MAIZE/ OILSEEDS OILSEEDS

WHEATWHEAT

Manage of Pest and Diseases

• ORGANISME PENGGANGGU TANAMAN Binatang, serangga, jamur, bakteri

• PENGENDALIAN PREVENTIF : - Tanam saat kondisi lingkungan tidak menguntungkanOPT - Rotasi Tanaman - Penanaman lebih dari 2 tanaman (avoid monoculture) : > meningkatkan jumlah organisme > sbg tanaman repellent - Penggunaan mulsa plastik hitam perak

Hindari monokulturTerapkan Intercropping

Rotasi Tanaman

Mekanis (habitat, sex feromon trap, yellow stiky trap)

Manage of Pest and Diseases

CANGAR

FP-UB Research Station

Pengendalian hama secara biologis yakni pengendalian hama dengan menggunakan/memanfaatkan musuh alami/predator

Pada tanaman kubis : predator Plutela adalah Bacillus thuringiensis, Diadegma sp

Biologis

Parasitoids• There are > 400 species of hymenopteran parasitoids in rice based ecosystems

• Most of them are highly host specific.

• Their unique roles may not be easily substituted.

• Example. Rice bug egg parasitoid, Gryon nixoni.

KLH

Understanding the rice landscape…Understanding the rice landscape…

…Integrated Pest Management (IPM)…Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

PESTISIDE AND SPRAYING

Kimia = Pestisida - Insektisida - Fungisida - Nematisida

Aplikasi pestisida harus dilakukan dengan seksama - Pestisida = racun- Gunakan sesuai kegunaan- Gunakan sesuai dosis- Pahami perilaku hama/penyakit- Resistensi- Lakukan dengan aman (pakaian, masker, arah angin, dll)

Equipment in Pest and Diseases

Spraying

Power Sprayer

Knapsack Sprayer

Boom Sprayer

…a success story in Vietnam…a success story in Vietnam

Reducing pesticide use…Reducing pesticide use…

In Vietnam, based on decades of ecological research in rice fields, we found spraying during the first 40 days after sowing was not necessary.

In Vietnam, based on decades of ecological research in rice fields, we found spraying during the first 40 days after sowing was not necessary.

So, farmers were motivated through an innovative communi-cation campaign.

So, farmers were motivated through an innovative communi-cation campaign.