ixhqla; .ks;h - nie.lk · 2016. 11. 3. · mgqk msgqj 1'0 ye¢kaùu 1 2'0 úih...

wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;%

^Wiia fm<&

ixhqla; .Ks;húIh ks¾foaYh

^miq úuiqï l<&

2012 j¾Ifha isg meje;afjk w'fmd'i ^Wiia fm<& úNd.h i|yd

.Ks; fomd¾;fïka;=j

úoHd yd ;dlaIK mSGh

cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh

mgqk msgqj

1'0 ye¢kaùu 1

2'0 úIh ks¾foaYfha wruqKq 2

3'0 úIh ks¾foaYh mdi,a jdr jYfhka fnod .ekSug fhdað; ie,eiau 3

4'0 úIh ks¾foaYh 7

5'0 b.ekaùfï l%fudamdh 51

6'0 mdi,a m%;sm;a;s yd jevigyka 52

7'0 ;lafiarej yd we.hSu 53

8'0 wxlkh 54

1'0 ye¢kaùu

kj f,djg .e<fmk ks¾udKYS,s ore mrmqrla ìys lsÍu wOHdmkfhamrud¾:h hs' fï i|yd mdi,a úIhud,dj ksr;=rej ixj¾Okh úh hq;=w;r ld,Sk wjYH;d wkqj úIh ks¾foaYh o ixfYdaOkh úh hq;= njwOHdmk{hskaf.a u;h hs'

fï wkqj w'fmd'i ^W'fm<& i|yd j¾I 1998 § y÷kajd § l%shd;aul lrk,o wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj,ska miq j¾I 2009 § ksmqK;d mdol úIhks¾foaYhla y÷kajd §ug ;SrKh úh' fuf;la mej;s ikaOdr.; úIhks¾foaYh u.ska bf.kqï- b.ekaùï we.hSï l%shdj,sfha § ksYaÑ; ksmqK;dfyda ksmqK;d uÜgï fyda m%udKj;a f,i y÷kajd §ula isÿ ù fkdue;sùuo fuu kj m%;sixialrK we;slr,Sug fya;= idOl jQ lreKq w;r m%Odkia:dkhla .kq ,nhs' fuf;la l%shd;aul jQ ikaOdr.; úIhud,dj ksmqK;dmdol úIhud,djla jYfhka fjkia lrñka j¾I 2009 isg l%shd;aullsÍug ie,iqï lr ;sfí' tfia u j¾I 2007 § werô kj wOHdmkm%;sixialrK l%shdj,sfha § uq,ska u 6 jk iy 10 jk fY%aKsj, .Ks;húIh i|yd ksmqK;d mdol úIh ks¾foaY y÷kajd fokq ,eîh' wk;=re jtu l%shdj,sh u wkq.ukh lrñka 7 jk" 11 jk fY%aKs i|yd o ksmqK;dmdol úIh ks¾foaY y÷kajd fokq ,enQ w;r j¾Ih 2009 § 8 jk yd 12 jkfY%aKsh i|yd o ksmqK;d mdol úIh ks¾foaY y÷kajd fok ,§' ta wkqj 10jk iy 11 jk fY%aKs .Ks;h úIh ksmqK;d mdol j W.;a YsIHhskaw'fmd'i^W'fm<& ixhqla; .Ks;h úIh o ksmqK;d mdol úIhud,djlgwkql+, j bf.kSfï wjia:dj ,enqKs'

kj úIhud,d m%;sixialrKh hgf;a 6 jk isg 11 jk fY%aKsh olajdksmqK;d mdol .Ks;h úIhud,dj yodrd w'fmd'i^W'fm<& hgf;a 12 jkfY%aKshg we;=<;a jk isiqka 12 jk iy 13 jk fY%aKsj, ixhqla; .Ks;húIh bf.k .ekSfuka miq <`.d lr .; hq;= olaI;d u; mokï j Tjqkag,ndÈh hq;= yelshd" l=i,;d" hy.=K yd iudcuh w;aoelSï mokï jQ Ôjkmqreÿ iuQyh ksmqK;d iuQyhla f,i y÷kdf.k tajd ta ta fY%aKshg .e<fmkwhqßka fm< .eiaùula lr we;' tu ksmqK;d ish,a, u 13 jk fY%aKsh

f;la ixhqla; .Ks;h úIh yodrd wjika lrk isiqka <`.d lr .ks;s hswfmalaId flf¾' fuu ksmqK;d fj; isiqka <`.d lrùu" ksmqK;d uÜgïTiafia isÿ l< hq;= w;r tu ksmqK;d uÜgï wod< tla tla ksmqK;djhgf;a i|yka lr we;' isiqka fuu ksmqK;d uÜgï lrd <`.d lrùui|yd ilia lrk ,o úIh wka;¾.;h o tu úIh wka;¾.;h u; mokïj bf.kSu" b.ekaùu yd ;lafiarej hk l%shdj,sh l%shd;aul lsÍug wjYHfhdað; ld,Éfþo ixLHdj o úIh ks¾foaYh ;=< we;=<;a lr we;'

kj úIh ks¾foaYh y÷kajd §ug fya;= ldrl jQ uQ,sl lreKq yereKq fldgóg fmr ixhqla; .Ks;h úIh y÷kajd§ug fya;= ldrl jQ my; oelafjklreKq o tmßÈ u fuu kj m%;sixialrK i|yd o j,x.= fõ'• w'fmd'i ^id'fm<& .Ks;h;a w'fmd'i ^W'fm<& .Ks;h;a w;r we;s

mr;rh wvq lsÍu'• bxðfkare iy fN!;Sh úoHdj mdGud,d yeoEÍug w;HjYH .Ks;

oekqu ,nd§u'• ;dlaIKsl iy fjk;a ;D;Shsl ;,fha mdGud,d yeoEÍug w;HjYH

.Ks; oekqu ,nd§u'• jdKscHh jeks wxYj, o uOHu fY%aKsfha /lshd kshqla;s i|yd

w;HjYH .Ks; oekqu ,nd§u'• isiqkag Tjqkaf.a udkisl uÜgug .e<fmk úúO ksmqK;d ,nd.ekSu

yd tajd Ôú; ld,h ;=< u ixj¾Okh lr .ekSug u`. fmkaùu'

w'fmd'i ^W'fm<& .Ks;h kj úIh ks¾foaYh 2009 isg l%shd;aul jQ w;rta ms<sn| j miq úmrula cd;sl uÜgfï iólaIKhla f,i 2011 j¾Ifha §isÿ lrk ,§' fï i|yd úYajúoHd, lÓldpd¾hjre" úIh m%ùKfhda iycd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha úIhud,d lñgq idudðlfhda iyNd.s jQy'

fuys § wkdjrKh jQ lreKq wkqj miq úmrï l< ixhqla; .Ks;h úIhks¾foaYh bÈßm;a lr we;'

1

2'0 úIh ks¾foaYfha wruqKq

(i) .Ks;h jeäÿr wOHhkh lsÍu i|yd isiqkag mokula ilia lr§u'

(ii) .Ks; l%shd ud¾. yd .eg¨ úi£u i|yd Wmdh olaI;dj ms<sn|m<mqreoaola isiqkag ,nd §u'

(iii) .Ks; ;¾lkh ms<sn| YsIH wjfndaOh jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu'(iv) .Ks;h flfrys we,au W;af;ackh lsÍu yd jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu'

ixhqla; .Ks;h bf.kSfï wruqKq bgqjk wdldrhg fuu úIhks¾foaYfha úIh ikaOdrh ilia lr we;' .Ks;h yqfola oekqug muKlaiSud fkdfldg m%dfhda.sl Ôú;fha § wjYH l=i,;d ,nd§ug o" hy.=Kj¾Okh lr,Sug o úIh ks¾foaYfhka wfmalaIs; h' ksmqK;d mdoljilia lr we;s fuu úIh ks¾foaYh u.ska bf.kqï b.ekaùï fidhdne,Sï l%shdj,sh l%shd;aul lsÍfï §"

• isiqkag w¾:dkaú; wkdjrK Meaningful Discovery& bf.kqï wjia:dils%h lsÍu u.ska bf.kSu jvd;a YsIH flakaøSh lr .ekSu'

• isiqkg Tjqkaf.a uÜgug .e<fmk úúO ksmqK;d ,nd .ekSui|yd u. fmkaùu'

• bf.kqï" b.ekaaùï yd fidhd ne,Sï wruqKq jvd;a meyeÈ,s lr.ekSu'

• .=rejrhdf.a b,lal jvd;a iqúfYaIs lr .ekSu'

• tla tla ksmqK;d uÜgï lrd isiqka <`.d ù we;s m%udKh .=rejrhdgy÷kd.; yels fyhska wjYH m%;sfmdaIKh yd bÈß fmdaIK lghq;=ixúOdkh myiq lsÍu'

• .=rejrhdg .;dkq.;sl b.ekaùï l%uj,ska neyer fjñka mßKdukN=ñldjg msúiSu wfmalaId fl¾'

fuu ixhqla; .Ks;h úIh ks¾foaYh mka;s ldurh ;=< l%shd;aullsÍfï § ;jÿrg;a ld,Sk wjYH;d f,i i,ld § we;s ud;Dld hgf;aúúO ixisoaê iïnkaO lr .ksñka b.ekaùfï l%fudmdhka ks¾udKhlr .; hq;= h

bf.kqï -b.ekaùï fidhd ne,Sï l%shdj,sfha È tla tla ksmqK;d uÜgïi|yd l%shdldrlï ixúOdkh lr .ekSug bv i,iajd we;s neúkaisiqka <`.d lr .kakd ksmqK;d uÜgï ;lafiare lsÍug;a Tjqka ms<sn|j we.hSula lsÍug;a .=rejrekag myiq jkq we;'

2

ksmqK;d uÜgï ud;Dldj ld,Éfþo .Kk

3

3'0 úIh ks¾foaYh mdi,a jdr jYfhka fnod .ekSug fhdað; ie,eiau

ixhqla; .Ks;h I

1'1" 1'2 ;d;a;aúl ixLHd 042'1" 2'2 Y%s; 0815 fldaK ñkqï 0326'1" 26'2" 26'3 iDcqfldaKdi% ldáiSh wlaI moaO;sh 0516'1" 16'2" 16'3 jD;a; Y%s; 1218 ihska iQ;%h" fldaihska iQ;%h 044'1" 4'2" 4'3 nyqmo Y%s; 0817'1" 17'2" 17'3" 17'4 ;%sfldaKñ;sl i¾jiduH 125 mßfïh Y%s; 056'1 o¾Yl yd ,>q.Kl kshu 0422'1" 22'2" 22'3" 22'4" 22'5" 22'6 iSud 18

ixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;h II1'1" 1'2" 1'3" 1'4 ffoYsl 112'1" 2'2" 2'3 wxY=jla u; l%shd lrk tal;, n, moaO;s 16

m<uqjk jdrh

12 fY%AKsh


4

;=kajk jdrh

ixhqla; .Ks;h - ixhqla; .Ks;h - ixhqla; .Ks;h - ixhqla; .Ks;h - ixhqla; .Ks;h - I11'1" 11'2 wiudk;d ms<sn| uQ,sl m%;sM, iy ir, ùcSh 08

Y%s; we;=<;a wiudk;d .eg¨ úi£u3'1" 3'2 j¾.c Y%s; iy j¾.c iólrK 307 >d;Sh Y%s;h 0319 ;%sfldaKñ;sl iólrK úi£u 0420 m%;sf,dau ;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s; 06

ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h II

2'4" 2'5" 2'6" 2'7 oDV jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk tal;, n, moaO;s 28

3'1" 3'2" 3'3 ir, f¾Ldjla Tiafia isÿjk p,s;h 25

ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h I23'1" 23'2" 23'3" 23'4" 23'5" 23'6 jHq;amkak 2324'1" 24'2" 24'3" 24'4" 24'5 jHq;amkak iy tys Ndú; 179 .Ks; wNHqykh 05

ixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;h II

3'4" 3'5" 3'6" 3'7 idfmalaI p,s;h 283'8 m%laIsma; 083'9 p,s;h ms<sn| ksõgka kshu 152'8 >¾IKh 102'9 ikaê l< o~q 102'10 rduq iels<s 10

fojk jdrh

ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu ld,Éfþo .Kk

5

13 fY%aKsh

ixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;h I

11'327'1" 27'2" 27'3" 27'4" 27'528'1" 28'2" 28'3" 28'4" 28'5" 28'6" 28'7


3'10" 3'113'12" 3'133'14" 3'15

ixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;hixhqla; .Ks;h I

25'1" 25'2" 25'3" 25'4" 25'5" 25'6"25'7" 25'88'1" 8'2" 8'321'1" 21'2" 21'3" 21'4

udmdxl we;=<;a wiudk;dir, f¾LdjjD;a;h

ld¾hh" Yla;sh yd cjhwdfõ.h iy ir, .uH;djjD;a;h p,s;h

wkql,kh

ixlrK yd ixfhdackfY%aKs

062125

152320

29

1519

m<uqjk jdrh

fojk jdrh


6


4'1" 4'2" 4'3" 4'4" 4'5

2'11" 2'12" 2'13" 2'14" 2'15

ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h ixhqla; .Ks;h I

10'1" 10'2

14'1" 14'2" 14'3" 14'4" 14'5

12'1" 12'2" 12'3" 12'4

13'1


3'16" 3'17" 3'18

5'1" 5'2" 5'3" 5'4" 5'5" 5'6" 5'7" 5'8" 5'9" 5'10

iïNdú;djialkaO flakaøh

oaúmo m%fïhhixlS¾K ixLHdkHdiksYapdhl

ir, wkqj¾;s p,s;hixLHdkh

2818

12141004

1829

;=kajk jdrh

ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu wka;¾.;h ld,Éfþo .Kk

7

1' ;d;a;aúl ixLHdmoaO;sh úYaf,aIKhlrhs'

2' tal úp,H Ys%;úYaf,aIKh lrhs'

1'1 ;d;a;aúl ixLHd l=,lhj¾.SlrKh lrhs'

1'2 ;d;a;aúl ixLHd ikaksfõokhi|yd lrKs fyda oYu Ndú; lrhs'

2'1 Y%s; ms<sn| úu¾Ykhl fhfohs'

• ixLHd moaO;sfha fM;sydisl úldYh• ixLHd i|yd l=,l wxlk

• m%dka;r• ;d;a;aúl ixLHdjl cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

• ;d;a;aúl ixLHdjl oYuh ksrEmKh• lrKs we;=<;a m%ldYk

• Y%s; ms<sn| m%;sNduh woyi iy wxlkh• ksh;h" úp,Hh" mrdñ;sh• úp,H folla w;r iïnkaOh oelafjk m%ldYk• Y%s;hl w¾: oelaùu" jiu" iyjiu" m%;sìïnh"

mrdih iy kS;sh• Y%s;Sh wxlkh• tal úp,H Y%s;

02

02

03

4'0 úIh ks¾foaYhixhqla; .Ks;h I


8

2'2 úfYaIs; Ys%; ms<sn| úu¾Ykhlfhfohs'

3'1 j¾.c Y%s;hl ,laIK úu¾Ykhlrhs'

3'2 j¾.c iólrKhl uQ, újrKhlrhs'

• Y%s;• ksh; Y%s;h• tall Y%s;h• udmdxl Y%s;h• lvukska Y%s;• m%;sf,dau Y%s;h

• Y%s;hl m%ia;drh

• talc Y%s;• j¾.c Y%s;

• tal úp,H j¾.c Y%s;• j¾. mQrKh• úfõplh

• j¾.c Y%s;hl ,laIK• jeä;u w.h$ wvq;u w.h• Y+kHh mej;Su fyda fkdmej;Su

• iy i|yd

ys m%ia;drh

• j¾.c iólrKhl uQ,• uQ,j, iajNdjh• uQ,j, tl;=j iy .=Ks;h• uQ,j, iuñ;sl m%ldYk uQ, jYfhka we;s

iólrK

05

15

15

3' j¾.c Y%s;úYaf,aIKh lrhs'


9

01

02

05

05

4'1 tal úp,H nyqmo úu¾Ykh lrhs'

4'2 nyqmo wdY%s; .Ks; l¾uj, fhfohs'

4'3 .eg¨ úi£u i|yd fYaI m%fïhh"idOl m%fïhh yd tys úf,dauhNdú; lrhs'

• tal úp,H nyqmo Y%s;• ud;%h" kdhl moh iy kdhl ix.=Klh

• nyqmo Y%s;j, uQ,sl .Ks; l¾u• wdl,kh• jHdl,kh• .=Kkh

• fn§u¡- §¾> fn§u

• talc m%ldYkhlska ixYaf,aIK fn§u

• fnÿï we,af.dß;uh• fYaI m%fïhh• idOl m%fïhh iy úf,dauh• nyqmo iólrK úi£u ^ud;%h 4 olajd&

• mßfïh Y%s;• kshu iy úIu mßfïh Y%s;• kshu mßfïh m%ldYkj, Nskak Nd.

- yrfha m%Nskak talc idOl we;s úg- yrfha mqkrdj¾;k talc idOl we;s úg- yrfha j¾.c idOl we;s úg ^ksh; 4la olajd&

4' nyqmo ùchyiqrejhs'

5' mßfïh Y%s; NskakNd.j,g fjkalrhs'


10

6'1 .eg¨ úi£u i|yd o¾Yl kshuyd ,>q.Kl kshu Ndú; lrhs'

8'1 .Kka lsÍu i|yd úúO l%uNdú; lrhs'

6' o¾Yl iy ,>q.Klkshu yiqrejhs'

7' >d;Sh Y%s;h iy tysm%;sf,dau Y%s;hwkafõIKh lrhs'

8' f;aÍï iy ms<sfh,lsÍï i|yd .Ks;uhwdlD;s f,iixlrK iyixfhdack Ndú;lrhs'

04

03

02

• o¾Yl kshu• ,>q.Kl kS;s• mdoh udre lsÍu

• j, w¾:h

• nj

• ys m%ia;drh• ,>q.Kl Y%s;h

• ys m%;sf,dau Y%s;h f,i fkdfyd;a

,>q.Kl Y%s;h w¾: oelaùu'

tys jiu iy mrdih

• ys ,laIK ^,>q.Kl kshu ms<smÈknj&

• ys m%ia;drh

• i|yd f,i w¾: oelaùu

• .Kka lsÍfï uQ,O¾uh ms<sn| l%u Ys,am• rela igyka• l%udfrdams; n, idudkH wdldrh iy

iydkqhd; wdldrh


11

06

07

• ixlrK• w¾: oelaùu• tlsfklg fjkia øjH n w;=ßka jrlg r

ne.ska .;a úg ixlrK .Kk wxlkh

iy i|yd iQ;%h

• ish,a, u tlsfklg iudk fkdjQ n øjHish,a, u tljr .;a úg ixlrK

• n øjH w;r iudk øjH ldKav we;s úg nøjH ish,af,a ixlrK

• mqkrdj¾;khg wjldY we;s úg fjkia øjHn w;=ßka jrlg r ne.ska jQ ixlrK

• pl%Sh ixlrK tlsfklg fjkia øjH ish,a,u tljr .;a úg&

• ixfhdack• w¾: oelaùu• ixlrKhla yd ixfhdackhla w;r fjki

tlsfklg fjkia øjH n w;=ßka jrlg

ne.ska jQ ixfhdack

• wxlkh iy iQ;%h

•

• hk iïnkaO;d

• ixlrK iy ixfhdackj, ir, fhÿï

8'2 .Ks; .eg¨ úi£u i|yd Ys,amShl%uhla f,i ixlrK Ndú; lrhs'

8'3 .Ks; .eg¨ úi£u i|yd Ys,amShl%uhla f,i ixfhdack Ndú;lrhs'


12

05

06

06

10'1 oaúmo m%idrKfha uQ,sl ,laIK.fõIKh lrhs'

10'2oaúmo m%idrKfha mo yd ix.=Klw;r iïnkaOh úu¾Ykh lrhs'

9' Ok ksÅ,hla u;r|d mj;sk.Ks;uh m%;sM,idOkh i|yd.Ks; wNHqykuQ,O¾uh idOkm%úêhla f,ifhdod .kshs'

10' Ok ksÅ, o¾Yli|yd jQ oaúmom%idrKh újrKhlrhs'

• .Ks; wNHqyk l%uh• uQ, O¾uh• ir, fhÿï

• Ok ksÅ,uh o¾Yl i|yd oaúmo m%fïhh• m%fïhh idOkh" ixfhdack Ndú;fhka

idOkh iy .Ks;uh wyHqyk l%uh u.ska• oaúmo ix.=Kl" m%idrKfha ix.=Kl• oaúmo m%idrKfha ,laIK

• m%idrKfha mo .Kk iy fmdÿ moh• oaúmo m%idrKfha Ndú;

• oaúmo m%idrKfha ix.=Kl w;r iïnkaO;d• m%idrKfha úYd,;u ix.=Klh iy úYd,;u

moh


13

04

04

06

11'1 wiudk;d ms<sn| uQ,sl m%;sM,jHq;amkak lrhs'

11'2wiudk;d ú.%y lrhs'

11'3 Y%s;j, udmdxl we;=<;a wiudk;d.eg¨ úi|hs'

• ixLHd wiudk;d• ;d;a;aúl ixLHd f¾Ldj u; wiudk;d

ksrEmKh• m%dka;r wxlkh u.ska wiudk;d oelaùu• ;%sOdlrK kS;sh

• wiudk;dj, uQ,sl m%;sM,

• ir, ùÔh Y%s;Sh wiudk;d• talc" j¾.c iy mßfïh Y%s;j, wiudk;d

yeisrùu'• ùðh j iy m%ia;dßl j by; wiudk;dj,

úi÷ï fiùu

• udmdxl iys; wiudk;d• ;d;a;aúl ixLHdjl udmdxlh iy tys

ksrfmalaI w.h• udmdxl iys; ir, wiudk;d yeisrùu'• ùÔh j yd m%ia;dßl j by; wiudk;dj,

úi÷ï fiùu'

11' ;d;a;aúl ixLHdms<sn|wiudk;dj,úi÷ï fiùui|yd m%fïhhNdú; lrhs'


14

12' ùÔh moaO;shlaf,i kHdiyiqrejhs'

12'1kHdi iïnkaO uQ,sl isoaOdka;úia;r lrhs'

• w¾: oelaùu iy wxlkh• fma<s" ;Sr iy wjhj• .Kh• fma<s kHdih" ;Sr kHdih" iup;=ri% kHdih

• kHdi foll iudk;dj• kHdi wdl,kh

• wdl,kh i|yd ixrEmH;dj• Y=kH kHdih

• wdl, kS;s -¡ ixjD; nj" kHdfoaYH nj" ix>gk

nj

• wÈYhla úg A ys w¾:h

• wdl,kh u; wÈY .=Ks;h ú>gkh jk nj• kHdi .=Kkh

• .e<mqu• .=Kkh w¾: oelaùu• .=Kk kS;s" ixjD; nj" kHdfoaYH fkdjknj" ix>gkh jk nj" ú>gkh jk nj ^by;kshuj, idOkh wkjYH hs'&

• iup;=ri% kHdi

02


15

12'2iup;=ri% kHdij," úfYaI wjia:dmeyeÈ,s lrhs'

12'3kHdihl m%;sf,dauh iy fmr¿uúia;r lrhs'

12'4iu.dó iólrKj, úi÷ïfiùug kHdi Ndú; lrhs'

• ;;aiduH kHdih• úl¾K kHdih• iuñ;sl kHdih• l=ál iuñ;sl kHdih• ;%sfldaK kHdih ^Wv;a$ hg;a ;%sfldaKsl&

• kHdihl fmr¿u w¾: oelaùu iy wxlkhkHdihl m%;sf,dauh• 2 x 2 kHdihl• 3 x 3 kHdihl úfYaI wjia:d

• kHdi Ndú;fhka úp,H follska hq;a talciólrK hq.,hla úi£u• iólrKj, m%ia;dr• wmßñ; úi÷ï ixLHdjla mej;Su• wkkH úi÷ula mej;Su• úi÷ula fkdmej;Su

01

04

03


16

13' .eg¨ úi£u i|yd.Ks;uhwdlD;shla f,iksYapdhl yiqrejhs'

14' ixlS¾K ixLHdmoaO;shúYaf,aIKh lrhs'

13'1 ksYapdhlhl .=K újrKh lrhs'

14'1 ixLHd moaO;sh úia;SrKh lrhs'

14'2 ixlS¾K ixLHd ms<sn| ùchújrKh lrhs'

14'3 wd¾.kaâ igyk weiqßka wdl,khcHdñ;sl j újrKh lrhs'

• 2 x 2 ksYapdhlh w¾: oelaùutys .=K iy w.h fiùu

• w;d;a;aúl tallh iy w;d;a;aúl ixLHd• ixlS¾K ixLHd ye¢kaùu• ixlS¾K ixLHdjl ;d;a;aúl yd w;d;a;aúl

fldgia• ixlS¾K ixLHd foll iudk;dj

• ixlS¾K ixLHd ms<sn| .Ks; l¾u

• wd¾.kaâ igyk ye|skaùu• ixlS¾K ixLHdjl cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

^wd¾.kaâ igyk&

• úg" ys cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

• iy úg

ixlS¾K ixLHdjl cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

02

02

02

03


17

05

04

14'4 wd¾.kaâ igyk weiqfrka .=Ks;hiy ,íêh cHdñ;sl j újrKhlrhs'

14'5 úp,H ,laIHhl m:fha ixlS¾KiólrKh újrKh lrhs'

• ys cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

• ys

cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

• ixlS¾K ixLHdjl udmdxlh iy úia;drh

• ys udmdxlh yd úia;drh

• yd ( úg& ys cHdñ;sl ksrEmKh

• iy i|yd ks¾udKh

• yqfola w;d;a;aúl ùug cHdñ;sl wjYH;d

• k;

• = k,

• Arg (Z) =

• Arg

• ir, f¾Ldjl iy jD;a;hl iólrKhg ;=,HldáiSh iólrKh


18

03

03

04

16'1 jD;a; Y%s; ùÔh j úia;r lrhs'

16'2 ys T;af;a .=Kdldr iy ys

ksÅ, .=Kdldrj,ska m%udKhlska fjkia jkfldaKj, ;%sfldaKñ;sl wkqmd;"

ys ;%sfldaKñ;sl wkqmd;j,ska

jHq;amkak lrhs'

• fldaK ñkqu• fldaKh ye¢kaùu iy ,l=Kq iïuq;sh• wxYlh iy f¾ähkh

• jD;a; pdmhl È.

• flakaøsl LKavhl j¾.M,h

• jD;a; Y%s; ;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s;&

• ´kEu fldaKhla i|yd jD;a; Y%s; yh w¾:

oelaùu" jiu iy mrdih

• iy wd§ fldaK i|yd jD;a; Y%s;j,

w.h ;%sfldaKñ;sl wkqmd;&

• ys ;%sfldaKñ;sl wkqmd; weiqßka weiqßka

wdos fldaKj, ;%sfldaKñ;sl wkqmd;

15 fldaK ñkqu wdY%s;iïnkaO;djHq;amkak lr.eg¨ úi|hs'

16' jD;a; Y%s; újrKhlrhs'


19

05

04

02

03

03

17' ;%sfldaKñ;sli¾jiduHyiqrejhs'

16'3 jD;a; Y%s;j, yeisÍu m%ia;drweiqßka úia;r lrhs'

17'1 ;%sfldaKñ;sl m%ldYk iq¿ lsÍui|yd mhs;.ria i¾jiduHh Ndú;lrhs'

17'2wdl,k i Q; % Ndú;fhka;%sfldaKñ;sl .eg¨ úi|hs'

17'3. =Kk i Q; % Ndú;fhka;%sfldaKñ;sl .eg¨ úi|hs'

17'4oaú;aj fldaK" ;%s;aj fldaK iy w¾OfldaK Ndú;fhka ;%sfldaKñ;sl.eg¨ úi|hs'

• jD;a; Ys%;j, m%ia;dr iy wdj¾; .=K sin, cos, tan

jD;a; Y%s;j, m%ia;dr we£u wfmalaIs; h'&

• sin = sin

cos = cos

tan = tan i|yd idOdrK úi÷ï

• mhs;.ria i¾jiduHh

• ;%sfldaKñ;sl wdl,k iQ;%

• ;%sfldaKñ;sl .=Kk iQ;%

• oaú;aj fldaK" ;%s;aj fldaK iy w¾O fldaK i|ydjQ iQ;% jHq;amkakh


20

04

04

06

04

02

03

18' ;%sfldaKñ;sl .eg¨úi£u i|yd ihskaiQ;%h iy fldaihskaiQ;%h fhdod .kshs'

19' i¾jiduHhNdú;fhka;%sfldaKñ;sliólrK úi|hs'

20' m%;sf,dau;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s;Ndú;fhka .eg¨úi|hs'

21' fY%aKs wdl,kh lrtys m%;sM, újrKhlrhs'

21'1 uQ,sl fY%AKs úia;r lrhs'

21'2 iud-.=fKda;a;r fY%aKs újrKh lrhs'

22'3 Ok ksÅ, .=Ks; mo iys; fY%aKs wdl,kh lrhs'

• ihska iQ;%h• fldaihska iQ;%h

• i¾jiduH Ndú;fhka úi¢h yels iólrK

• m%;sf,dau ;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s;• w¾: oelaùu

• fY%aKs• iudka;r fY%aKs iy .=fKda;a;r fY%aKs

• iud .=fKda;a;r fY%aKs

• iy tajdfha fh§ï


21

22' Y%s;hl iSudjks¾Kh lrhs'

21'4 úúO l%u Ndú;fhka fY%aKs wdl,kh lrhs'

22'1 Y%s;hl iSudj újrKh lrhs'

22'2 iSud ms<sn| m%fïh Ndú;fhka .eg¨ úi|hs

22'3 .eg¨ úi£u i|yd

m %fïhh

Ndú; lrhs'

22'4 .eg¨ úi£ug

m%fïhh Ndú;

lrhs'

10

02

03

03

03

• fY%aKs wdl,khwka;r l%uh" Nskak Nd. l%uh

• wkql%u• wNsidß;dj ms<sn| ixl,amh• mo wkka;hl fMlHh

• iSud ms<sn| m%;sNduh woyi

• iSud ms<sn| m%fïh• tl;=jl" wka;rhl" .=Ks;hl" ,íêhl iSud

• n mßfïh ixLHdjla úg

hkak idOkh iy Ndú;

• iekaâúÉ m%fïhh

• idOkh iy tys Ndú;


22

22'5 wkka;fha § iSud fidhhs'

22'6 wkka; iSud újrKh lrhs'

23'1 Y%s;hl wjl,kfhys woyi meyeÈ,s lrhs'

23'2 iy uQ,sl ;%sfldaKñ;slY%s;j, jHq;amkakh m%uq,O¾uu.ska ks¾Kh lrhs'

23'3 wjl,kh ms<sn| m%fïhh m%ldY fldg Ndú; lrhs'

•

• úg mßfïh Y%s;hl iSudj• wkka; iSud

^;sria iy isria iam¾fYdakauqL ms<sn| i|ykla oiys; j&

• Y%s;hl jHq;amkakh• fjkiaùfï wkqmd;h• wjl,k ix.=Klh• iSudjla lrd hk wkql%uKhla f,i wjl,k

ix.=Kl ixl,amh

• m%uq,O¾u u.ska wjl,kh

• ; fuys hkq ksÅ,hls'• uQ,sl ;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s;

• wjl,kh ms<sn| m%fïh• odu kS;sh

04

03

04

05

05

23' iqÿiq l%uNdú;fhka úúOY%s; wjl,khlrhs'


23

23'4 m%;sf,dau ;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s;" ,

wvx.= Y%s; wjl,kh lrhs'

23'5 wOHyD; Y%s; iy mrdñ;sl Y%s; wjl,kh lrhs'

23'6 by< .Kfha jHq;amkak ,nd .kshs'

24'1 fjkiaùfï YS>%;djla f,i Y%s;hl jHq;amkakh w¾:l:kh

lrhs'

24'2 iam¾Yl yd wNs,ïnj, wkql%uK" jHq;amkakh iuÕ we;s iïnkaOh

wkdjrKh lrhs'

24'3 yereï ,laIHh jHq;amkak weiqßka"úu¾Ykh lrhs'

• jHq;amkak fiùu• m%;sf,dau ;%sfldaKñ;sl Y%s;

• iy wvx.= Y%s;

• wOHyD; Y%s;• mrdñ;sl Y%s;

• wkqhd; wjl,kh• by< .Kfha jHq;amkak

• fjkiaùfï YS>%;dj

• iam¾Yl iy wNs,ïn

• Wmßu ,laIHh• wju ,laIHh• k;sj¾;k ,laIHh

03

03

03

03

03

03

24' jHq;amkakNdú;fhka Y%s;hlyeisÍuúYaf,aIKh lrhs'


24

25' fok ,o wjia:di|yd iqÿiq l%uNdú;fhka Y%s;wkql,kh lrhs'

24'4 jHq;amkak Ndú;fhka jl% wkqf¾Lkh lrhs'

24'5 m%dfhda.sl wjia:d i|yd jHq;amkak fhdod .kshs'

25'1 Y%s;hl m%;sjHq;amkakh ms<sn| woyi weiqrska wkql,k m%;sM, wfmdaykh lrhs'

25'2 .eg¨ úi|Su i|yd wkql,kh ms<sn| kS;s Ndú; lrhs'

25'3 l,kfha uQ,sl m%fïhh Ndú;fhka ksYaÑ; wkql,khl uQ,sl ,laIK úu¾Ykh lrhs'

25'4 WÑ; l%u f;dard .ksñka mßfïh Y%s; wkql,kh lrhs'

• jl% wkqf¾Lkh^;sria iy isria iam¾fYdakauqL we;=<;a j&

• m%dfhda.sl .eg¨

• jHq;amkakfha m%;sf,dau l% shdj,sh ^Y% s;hlm%;sjHq;amkakh& f,i wkql,kh

• wkql,kh ms<sn| kS;s

• l,kh ms<sn| uQ,sl m%fïhh• ksYaÑ; wkql,kh iy tys .=K

• ksYaÑ; wkql,kfha m%;sNduh woyi• ksYaÑ; wkql, we.hSfï § Ndú; jk m%;sM,

• wkql,kfha m%úê¡ I

• yrfha wjl,k ix.=Klh ,jfha we;s úg• Nskak Nd. Ndú;h

03

05

03

03

02

05


25

25'5 ;%sfldaKñ;sl i¾jiduH Ndú;fhka iïu; wdldrj,g W!kkh lr ;%sfldaKñ;sl m%ldYk wkql,kh lrhs'

25'6 wkql,kh i|yd úp,H mßj¾;k l%uh Ndú; lrhs'

25'7 fldgia jYfhka wkql,k l%uh Ndú;fhka .eg¨ úi|hs'

25'8 wkql,k Ndú;fhka jl% u.skaudhsï jQ m%foaYhl j¾.M,hks¾Kh lrhs'

• wkql,kfha m%úê¡ II

• ;%sfldaKñ;sl i¾jiduH Ndú;h

• wdfoaYh u.ska wkql,kh

• fldgia jYfhka wkql,kh

• wkql,kfha Ndú;• jl%hla hg j¾.M,h• jl% folla w;r j¾.M,h

03

04

05

04


26

26' RcqqfldaKdi%ldáiSh wlaImoaO;sh iy tawkqnoaO ir,cHdñ;sl m%;sM,iqÿiq f,i Ndú;lrhs'

27' ldáiSh LKavdxlweiqfrka ir,f¾Ldj újrKhlrhs'

26'1 ldáiSh LKavdxl ;,fha msysá ,laIH folla w;r ÿr fidhhs'

26'2 ,laIH folla hd lrk ir, f¾Ld LKavh fok ,o

wkqmd;hlg fnok ,laIHfha LKavdxl fidhhs'

26'3 ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska udhsï jQ ;, rEmj, j¾.M, fidhhs'

27'1 ir, f¾Ldjl iólrKh jHq;amkak lrhs'

• RcqfldaKdi% ldáiSh LKavdxl• RcqfldaKdi% ldáiSh moaO;sh• ,laIH folla w;r ÿr

• § we;s ,laIH folla hd lrk ir, f¾Ld LKavhfok ,o wkqmd;hlg wNHka;r j fnfok,laIHfha LKavdxl'

• § we;s ,laIH folla hd lrk ir, f¾Ld LKavhfok ,o wkqmd;hlg ndysr j fnfok ,laIHfhaLKavdxl'

• ;%sfldaKhl j¾.M,h

• ir, f¾Ldj• wdk;sh• wkql%uKh

• x iy y wlaI u; wka;#LKav

• ir, f¾Ldjl iólrKfha úúO wdldr

01

03

01

01


27

02

02

02

10

27'2 fok ,o ir, f¾Ld foll fþok ,laIHh yryd hk ´kEu ir, f¾Ldjl iólrKh jHq;amkak lrhs'

27'3 fok ,o ir, f¾Ldjlg idfmalaI j ,laIH foll msysàu fidhhs'

27'4 ir, f¾Ld folla w;r fldaKh fidhhs'

27'5fok ,o ,laIHhl isg fok ,oir, f¾Ldjlg we;s ,ïn ÿrweiqfrka ir, f¾Ldjla ydiïnkaO úfY aI s; m %; sM,jHq;amkak lrhs'

• ir, f¾Ld foll fþok ,laIHh• fþokh jk ir, f¾Ld foll fþok ,laIHh

yryd hk ir, f¾Ldjl iólrKh újrKh lsÍu

• fok ,o ,laIH folla fok ,o f¾Ldjl tl ume;af;a fyda m%;súreoaO me;sj, msysàu i|ydwjYH;dj

• ir, f¾Ld folla w;r fldaKh• iudka;r iy ,ïn f¾Ldj, wkql%uK w;r

iïnkaOh

• ir, f¾Ldjl mrdñ;sl iólrKh• ,laIHhl isg ir, f¾Ldjlg we;s ,ïn ÿr• ir, f¾Ldjla wkqnoaOfhka ,laIHhl m%;sìïnh'• fþokh jk ir, f¾Ld folla w;r fldaKj,

iuÉfþolj, iólrK


28

28' jD;a;hl ldáiShiólrKhújrKh lrhs'

28'1 jD;a;hl ldáiSh iólrKh fidhhs'

28'2 jD;a;hla wkqnoaOfhka ,laIHhl msysàu úia;r lrhs'

28'3 jD;a;hla wkqnoaOfhka ir, f¾Ldjl msysàu úia;r lrhs'

28'4 ndysr ,laIHhl isg jD;a;hlg we¢ iam¾Ylj, iam¾Y cHdh újrKh lrhs'

28'5 s + iólrKh újrKh

lrhs'

• uq, ,laIHh flakaøh jQ iy § we;s wrh iys;jD;a;hl iólrKh

• jD;a;hla wkqnoaOfhka ,laIHhl msysàu

• ir, f¾Ldjla iy jD;a;hla fþokh ùug" iam¾Yùug" fþokh fkdùug wjYH;dj

• jD;a;h u; ,laIHhl § iam¾Ylfha iólrKh

• ndysr ,laIHhl isg jD;a;hlg we¢ iam¾YlfhaÈ. iy tys iólrKh

• iam¾Y cHdfha iólrKh

• ir, f¾Ldjl iy jD;a;hl fþok ,laIH yrydhk jD;a;hl iólrKh

04

01

03

04

03


29

28'6 jD;a; foll msysàu újrKh lrhs'

28'7 iólrKh újrKh

lrhs'

• jD;a; foll msysàu• jD;a; fol fþokh ùu• jD;a; fol fþokh fkdùu• jD;a; fol ndysr j iam¾Y ùu• jD;a; fol wNHka;r j iam¾Y ùu• tla jD;a;hla we;=<; wfkla jD;a;h msysàu

• fþokh jk jD;a; folla w;r fldaKh• fmdÿ iam¾Yl

• jD;a; foll fþok ,laIHh yryd hk jD;a;hliólrKh• fmdÿ cHdfha iólrKh

10

02


30

1 ffoYsl ùchyiqrejhs'

1'1 ffoYsl úu¾Ykh lrhs' • wÈY rdYs iy wÈY ye¢kaùu• ffoYsl rdYs yd ffoYsl ye¢kaùu

• ffoYslhl úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj ye¢kaùu• ffoYsl wxlkh

• ffoYslhl ùðh yd cHdñ;sl wxlkh• wNsY=kH ffoYslh

• ffoYslhl úYd,;ajfha ^udmdxlh& ys wxlkh• ffoYsl foll iudk;dj• ffoYsl tl;= lsÍu ^wdl,kh& ms<sn| ;%sfldaK

kshuh• ffoYslhla wÈYhlska .=K lsÍu• ffoYsl foll wka;rh tl;=jla f,i oelaùu• tall ffoYslh• iudka;r ffoYsl• ffoYsl ;=kla fyda jeä .Kkl wdl,kh• ffoYslhla ´kEu ÈYd follg úfNaokh iy

tlsfklg ,ïn ÈYd folla Tiafia úfNaokh

03

ixhqla; .Ks;h II


31

01

03

04

04

• ffoYsl kS;s

• msysgqï ffoYslh• Ox, Oy, yd Oz ldáiSh LKavdxl wlaI moaO;sh

weiqßka msysgqï ffoYslh• yd ye¢kaùu• ffoYsl folla w;r wÈY .=Ks;fha yd ffoYsl

.=Ks;fha w¾: oelaùu• wÈY .=Ks;fha ,laIK• ksYaY=kH ffoYsl folla ,ïn ùug wjYH;dj• u.ska ÈYdj Tiafia ys ixrplh ,efnk

nj• wÈY .=Ks;h iïnkaO kshu

• kHdfoaYH kHdh" • ú>gk kHdh" ^ffoYsl Ndú;fhka cHdñ;sl m%;sM, idOkhwfmalaId fkd flf¾' ffoYsl .=Ks;h fyda tysNdú; iïnkaO .eg¨ úNd.fha § mÍlaId fkdflf¾' wkqmd; m%fïhh wfmalaId fkdflf¾';%sudk ffoYsl iïnkaO .eg¨ úi£u wfmalaId fkdflf¾'&

• wxY=j ms<sn| ixl,amh• n,h ms<sn| ixl,amh• n,fha udk iy tall ksrfmalaI iy .=re;ajdl¾IK

tall&• n, m%fNao

1'2 kHdh weiqßka ffoYsl ùcShmoaO;shla f.dvk.hs'

1'3 .eg¨ úi£u i|yd Ys,amSh l%uhlaf,i msysgqï ffoYsl Wmfhda.S lr.kshs'

1'4 ffoYsl u; wÈY .=Ks;h újrKhlrhs'

2'1 n, folla u.ska wxY=jg we;s jkl%shdj ú.%y lrhs'

2' iu;=,s;;dj we;ske;s ;;a;aj w¾:j;a jÔú;hg fhdod .ekSui|yd tal;, n,moaO;s újrKh lrhs'


32

2'2 tal;, n, moaO;shla u.ska wxY=jlau; we;s jk l%shdj ú.%y lrhs'

2'3 tal;, n, ;=kl l%shdj hgf;awxY=jl iu;=,s;;dj ú.%y lrhs'

• iïm%hqla;h• n, foll iïm%hqla;h• n, iudka;rdi% kshuh• n, foll iu;=,s;;dj• n,hl úfNaokh

• fok ,o ÈYd follg• tlsfklg ,ïn ÈYd follg

• tal;, n, moaO;shla tlsfklg ,ïn ÈYd follgjQ n, follg W!kkh

• tal;, n, moaO;shl iïm%hqla;h• n, úfNaok l%uh• m%ia;dßl l%uh

• iu;=,s; ùu i|yd wjYH;d• ffoYsl ftlHh = 0 fyda X= 0 iy Y= 0

• n, nyq wi%h iïmQ¾K lsÍu

• ´kEu n, foll iïm%hqla;h ;=kajk n,hgúYd,;ajfhka iudk yd ÈYdfjka m%;súreoaO ùu

• n, ;%sfldaK kshuh yd tys úf,dauh^idOkh o iys; j&

• ,dó m%fïhh

06

06


33

2'4 oDV jia;=jla u; n,j, M,hú.%y lrhs'

2'5 oDV jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk n,foll M,h ú.%y lrhs'

• oDV jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk n,• oDV jia;=j ye¢kaùu• n, iïfm%aIH;d uQ,O¾uh• n,hl W;a;drKh iy N%uK M,h meyeÈ,s

lsÍu• ,laIHhla jgd n,hl >Q¾Kh w¾: oelaùu• >Q¾Kfha fN!;sl w¾:h• ,laIHhla jgd n,hl >Q¾Kfha úYd,;ajh

iy nuk;• >Q¾Kfha udk iy tall• >Q¾Khl cHdñ;sl w¾:l:kh

• tal;, n, moaO;shl ;,fha jQ ,laIHhla jgdn,j, >Q¾Kj, ùðh fMlHh

• n, >Q¾Kh ms<sn| idOdrK uQ,O¾uh

• n, foll iïm%hqla;h• n, fol iudka;r fkdjk úg• n, fol iudka;r yd icd;Sh jk úg• n, fol iudka;r yd úcd;Sh jk

úg• n, foll iu;=,s;;dj• n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kh w¾: oelaùu

• n, hq.auhl úYd,;ajh iy nuk;• n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kh" >Q¾Kh .kq ,nk

,laIHfhka iajdh;a; nj

04

04


34

2'6 tal;, n, moaO;shla úYaf,aIKhlrhs'

• tal;, hq.au foll ;=,H;dj• n, hq.au foll iu;=,s;;dj• tal;, n, hq.auj, ixhq;sh

• hq.auhla iy tu hq.aufha ;,fha l%shd lrk n,hlatu ;,fha l%shd lrk uq,a n,hg úYd,;ajfhkaiy ÈYdfjka iudk ;ks n,hlg W!kkh lsÍu'

• ;ks n,hla § we;s ,laIHhl § l%shd lrk taiudk n,hlg yd hq.auhlg úia;S¾Kh lsÍu'

• tal;, n, moaO;shla tys u ;,fha wNsu;

,laIHhl § l%shd lrk n,hlg yd G

hq.auhlg W!kkh lsÍu'• tal;, n, moaO;shl iïm%hqla;fha úYd,;ajh"

ÈYdj iy l%shd f¾Ldfõ msysàu• tal;, n, moaO;shla

i& ;ks n,hlg W!kkh ùug wjYH;dj

( fyda )

ii& hq.auhlg W!kKh ùug wjYH;dj

(X = 0 iy Y = 0)

iii& iu;=,s; ùug wjYH;djX = 0, Y = 0 iy G = 0

10


35

2'7 jHla;sl wjia:djla f,i oDVjia;=jla u; l%shd lrk tal;, n,;=kl iu;=,s;;dj ú.%y lrhs'

2'8 iu;=,s;;dj flfrys >¾IKfhan,mEu tys ,laIK wei qßkaúu¾Ykh lrhs'

2'9 iqug ikaêj, we;s jkm%;sl%shdjkays f;dr;=re ks¾KhlsÍu i|yd tal;, n,moaO;sms<sn| uQ,O¾u fhdod .kshs'

• oDV jia;=jla n, ;=kla hgf;a iu;=,s; ùu i|ydwksjd¾h wjYH;dj" n, ;=fkys l%shd f¾Ld tal,laIH ùu fyda n, ;=k tlsfklg iudka;r ùu

• n, ;%sfldaK kshuh iy tys úf,dauh• ,dó m%fïhh• fldÜ m%fïhh• cHdñ;sl .=K• tlsfklg ,ïn ÈYd follg n, úfNaokh hk

l%u Ndú;h

• >¾IK n,h iy tys iajNdjh• iqug yd r¿ mDIaG ye¢kaùu• >¾IKfha jdis iy wjdis• iSudldÍ >¾IK n,h• >¾IK kshu• >¾IK ix.=Klh w¾: oelaùu• >¾IK fldaKh

• ir, ikaê j¾.• iqp, ikaêhl iy oDV ikaêhl fjki• iqug ikaêhl § o~q u; l%shd lrk n,

10

10

10


36

2'10 iqug j ikaê l< ieye,a¨ o~q iys; rduq iels,a,l o~qj, m%;Hn, ksYaph lrhs'

2'11w¾: oelaùu Ndú;fhka iuñ;sltaldldr jia;=j, ialkaO flakaøhks¾Kh lsÍu i|yd úúO Ys,amShl%u fhdod .kshs'

2'12w¾: oel aùu iy wkql,khNdú;fhka ir, cHdñ;sl jia;=j,ialkaO flakaøh fidhhs'

• ieye,a¨ o~q iys; rduq iels,s ye¢kaùu• iels,af,a tla tla ikaêfha iu;=,s;;dj i|yd

wjYH;d• fnda wxlkh• m%;Hdn, igyk

• ialkaO flakaøfha w¾: oelaùu• f¾Ldjla jgd iuñ;sl ;, jia;=jl ialkaO

flakaøh• taldldr isyska oKavl• taldldr RcqfldaKdi% wdia;rhl• taldldr jD;a;dldr j<,,l• taldldr jD;a;dldr ;eáhl

• ;,hla jgd iuñ;sl jia;=jl ialkaO flakaøh• taldldr l=yr ^fyda >k& is,skavrhl• taldldr l=yr ^fyda >k& f.da,hl

• ;, wdia;rhl iEu wxY+ ud;%hl u ialkaOhkatlu f¾Ldfõ jk mßÈ fnod fjka l< yels úgjia;=fõ ialkaO flakaøh tu f¾Ldj u; u we;snj Ndú;fhka• taldldr ;%sfldaKdldr wdia;rhl• taldldr iudka;rdi% wdia;rhl ialkaO

flakaøh• ika;;sl" iuñ;sl" taldldr jia;+kaf.a ialkaO

flakaøh

10

04

06


37

3' p,s;h ms<sn|ksõfgdakshdkqwdlD;sh fhdod.ksñka ;,hlisÿjk iajNdúlp,s; wjia:dixcdkkh lrhs'

2'13ialkaO flakaøh yd .=re;ajflak aøh iumd; ùu hkakWml,amkh lr ixhqla; jia;=j,yd fYaI jia;=j, ialkaO flakaøh^.=re;ajflakaøh& fidhhs'

2'14 jia;=jl iu;=,s;;djfha

ia:dhs;dj úia;SrKh lrhs'

3'1 ir, f¾Ldjla Tiafia isÿjk

p,s;h ms<sn| .eg¨ úi£ï i|yd

m%ia;dr Wmfhda.s lr .kshs'

• wxY= ud;%j,g fn§fuka

• taldldr jD;a; pdmh

• taldldr flakaøsl LKavh• taldldr iuñ;sl jia;=j, ialkaO flakaøh fiùu

• taldldr l=yr ^fyda >k& fla;=j• taldldr l=yr ^fyda >k& w¾O f.da,h

• .=re;aj flakaøh y÷kajd §u• .=re;aj flakaøfha yd ialkaO flakaøfha iumd;

nj• iuñ;sl ixhqla; jia;=j, ialkaO flakaøh .=re;aj

flakaøh&• iuñ;sl fYaI jia;=j, ialkaO flakaøh ^.=re;aj

flakaøh&

• t,af,k jia;=• ;,hla u; ksi, j we;s jia;=j, iu;=,s;;djfha

ia:dhs;d

• ÿr" tys udk iy tall• fõ.h" tys udk iy tall• uOHl fõ.h" laIKsl fõ.h" taldldr fõ.h• msysgqï LKavdxl

04

04

10


38

• úia:dmkh" tys udk iy tall• m%fõ.h" m%fõ.fha udk iy tall• uOHl m%fõ.h" laIKsl m%fõ.h yd taldldr

m%fõ.h• úia:dmk ld, m%ia;dr

• msysàï folla w;r uOHl m%fõ.h• ,laIHhl § laIKsl m%fõ.h

• ;ajrKh w¾: oelaùu• uOHl ;ajrKh" laIKsl ;ajrKh" taldldr

;ajrKh iy ukaokh• ;ajrKfha udk iy tall• m%fõ. - ld, m%ia;dr

´kE u fudfyd;l m%ia;drfha"wkql%uKh } laIKsl ;ajrKh

• ´kEu ld, m%dka;rhla ;=< ld, wlaIh iym%ia;drh w;r j¾.M,h } tu ld, m%dka;rh ;=<§ úia:dmkh

• úúO wjia:d i|yd m%fõ. ld, m%ia;dr

• ksh; ;ajrK iQ;% jHq;amkakh• w¾: oelaùu Ndú;fhka• m%fõ. ld, m%ia;dr Ndú;fhka

083'2 ir, f¾Ldjla Tiafia isÿjk p,s;

ms<sn| m%.;sl iólrK Wmfhda.slr .kshs'


39

3'3 ir, f¾Ldjla u; p,kh jk jia;=w;r idfmalaI p,s;h úu¾Ykhlrhs'

3'4 ;,hla u; wxY=jl p,s;h ú.%ylrhs'

• ksh; .=re;ajc ;ajrKh hgf;a isria p,s;h• m%ia;dr Ndú;h iy m%.;sl iólrK Ndú;h

• tal udk p,s;hla i|yd iuqoafoaY rduqj• ir, f¾Ldjla u; idfmalaI p,s;h• idfmalaI úia:dmk uQ,O¾uh• idfmalaI m%fõ. uQ,O¾uh• idfmalaI ;ajrK uQ,O¾uh• idfmalaI ;ajrKh ksh; wjia:dj, § m%.;sl

iólrK yd p,s;h ms<sn| m%ia;dr Ndú;h

• ;,hla u; p,kh jk ,laIHhl ldáiSh LKAvdxliy O%ejl LKavdxl w;r iïnkaOh

• uQ, ,laIHhg wkqnoaO j p,kh jk wxY=jl msysgqïffoYslh iy úia:dmk ffoYslh

• § we;s ld, m%dka;rhla ;=< § uOHl m%fõ.h ydlaIKsl m%fõ.h

• wxY=jl fldaKsl m%fõ.h• § we;s ld, m%dka;rhla ;=< § uOHl ;ajrKh"

laIKsl ;ajrKh iy fldaKsl ;ajrKh• ld,fha Y%s;hla f,i msysgqï ffoYslh § we;s úg

m%fõ.h iy ;ajrKh fiùu

07

06


40

3'5 ;,hla u; tla wxY=jlg idfmalaIj ;j;a wxY=jl p,s;h ks¾Khlrhs'

3'6 tÈfkod Ôú;fha wod< .eg¨wjia:d úi£u i|yd idfmalaIp,s;h ms<sn| uQ,O¾u Ndú; lrhs'

3'7 idfmalaI p,s; .eg¨ úi£u i|ydffoYsl l%u fhdod .kshs'

• oaúudk p,s;hla i|yd iuqoafoaY rduqj• oaúudk p,s;hla i|yd iuqoafoaY rduqjlg idfmalaI

j úia:dmkh" m%fõ.h iy ;ajrKh• ;,hla u; p,s; jk wxY= foll tlsfklg

idfmalaI p,s;h• idfmalaI p,s; uQ,O¾u

• úia:dmkh i|yd• m%fõ.h i|yd• ;ajrKh i|yd

• tla jia;=jlg idfmalaI j ;j;a jia;=jl .ukaud¾.h

• tla jia;=jlg idfmalaI j ;j;a jia;=jl m%fõ.h

• jia;= fol w;r flá;u ÿr iy ta i|yd .;jkld,h

• jia;= folla .efÜ kï ta i|yd .; jk ld,h iytúg msysgqu

• § we;s fm;la iïmQ¾K lsÍug .; jk ld,h

• wxY=jla p,kh jk f¾Ldjl ffoYsl iólrKh• ffoYsl Ndú;fhka tla wxY=jlg idfmalaI j ;j;a

wxY=jl msysgqu iy m%fõ.h• ´kEu fudfyd;l wxY= w;r ÿr" wju ÿr yd ta

i|yd .;jk ld,h

06

10

06


41

3'8 isria ;,hl isÿjk m%laIsma;hlp,s;h újrKh lrhs'

3'9 wjiaÓ;s rduqjlg idfmalaI j isÿjkp,s; meyeÈ,s lsÍu i|yd ksõgkaf.akshu Wmfhda.S lr .kshs'

• wxY= folla .eàug wjYH;dj• wxY= folla .eàug .;jk ld,h• wxY= folla .efgk ,laIHfha msysgqï ffoYslh• wxY=jl" ;j;a wxY= follg idfmalaI p,s;h okakd

úg tu wxY=fõ ienE p,s;h fiùu'

• wdrïNl msysàu iy wdrïNl m%fõ.h § we;s úg tld,hlg miq (i) m%fõ.fha (ii) úia:dmkfha ;sriaiy isria ixrpl

• Wmßu Wi• mshdir ld,h• ;sria mrdih

• tlu ;sria mrdih ,ndfok m%lafIamK fldaKfolla we;s nj

• Wmßu ;sria mrdih• m%laIsma;fha .uka ud¾.fha iólrKh

• p,s;h ms<sn| ksõgkaf.a m<uqjk kshuh• n,h ms<sn| ixl,amh• ialkaOh iy .uH;dj ms<sn| ixl,amh• wjiaÓ;s iuqoafoaY rduqj• p,s;h ms<sn| ksõgkaf.a fojk kshuh - .;s úoHdfõ

uQ,sl iólrK F = ma

08

15


42

3'10 hdka;s%l Yla;sh újrKh lrhs'

• n,h uekSu m s< sn| ksrfm al aI t all iy.=re;ajdl¾IK tallh

• p,s;h ms<sn| ksõgkaf.a ;=kajk kshuh• ksõgkaf.a kshuj, Ndú; ksh; n, hgf;a muKs&

• .eà we;s fyda jia;= iy yq wú;kH ;ka;=j,skaiïnkaO j we;s fyda jia;=j, p,s;h

• ld¾hh ms<sn| woyi• ksh; n,hlska flfrk ld¾hh w¾: oelaùu• ld¾hfha udk iy tall

• Yla;sh ms<sn| woyi• Yla;sh w¾: oelaùu• udk iy tall

• hdka;s%l Yla;sfha m%fNao f,i pd,l Yla;sh• pd,l Yla;sh w¾: oelaùu• pd,l Yla;sh i|yd m%ldYkh• pd,l Yla;sh i|yd ld¾hh - Yla;s iólrKh

• W;ai¾cl iy ixiaÓ;sl n,• hdka;s%l Yla;s m%fNaohla f,i úNj Yla;sh

• úNj Yla;sh w¾: oelaùu• .=re;ajdl¾IK úNj Yla;sh w¾: oelaùu• úNj Yla;sh i|yd m%ldYkh• úNj Yla;sh i|yd ld¾hh Yla;s iólrKh

08


43

3'11 wod< wji a:d i|yd cjfh aWmfhd a. S;dj úuiñka .eg¨úi|hs'

3'12 wdfõ.S ls%hdjl M,h újrKhlrhs'

• weÈ ;ka;=jl úNj Yla;s i|yd m%ldYkh• n,hla u.ska jia;=jla u; .=re;ajhg úreoaO j

lrk ,o ld¾hh úNj Yla;shg iudk nj• .=re;ajdl¾IK n,hg úreoaO j lrk ,o ld¾hh

th .uka l< m:fhka iajdh;a; nj• hdka;s%l Yla;s ixiaÓ;s uQ,O¾uh yd tys fh§ï

• cjh w¾: oelaùu• cjfha udk iy tall• iïu; tallh ^fjdgh& w¾: oelaùu

• m%l¾IK n,h

• ,nd .ekSu iy tys Ndú;h

^ksh; m%l¾IK n,h m%fõ.h&

• ksh; n,hl wdfõ.hn,fha iy ld,fha .=Ks;hla f,i o" .uH;djfhafjkila f,i o w¾: oelaùu iy tu w¾: oelaùïtlsfklg ;=,H nj

• wdfõ.fha udk iy tall• wdfõ.h ffoYslhla f,i w¾:l:kh• f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s uQ,O¾uh• wdfõ.S ls%hdjla ksid isÿjk pd,l Yla;s ydksh

07

08


44

3'13 ir, m%;Hia: .egqï újrKhlsÍug ksõgkaf.a m%;Hd.;s kshuhNdú; lrhs'

3'14 ;sria jD;a;hl p,s; wjia:djM,odhs j fhdod .ekSug wod<uQ,O¾u úu¾Ykh lrhs'

• ksõgkaf.a m%;Hd.;s kshuh

• m%;Hd.;s ix.=Klh

• flaj, m%;Hia: jk wjia:d mQ¾K m%;Hia:&

• úg Yla;s ydkshla isÿ jk nj• iqug" m%;Hia: f.da, folla w;r ir, .egqu• iqug ;,hlg wNs,ïn j p,kh jk iqug m%;Hia:

f.da,hl .egqu

• jD;a;hl p,s; jk jia;=jl fldaKsl m%fõ.h

yd fldaKsl ;ajrKh

• jD;a;hl p,s; jk wxY=jl m%fõ.h iy ;ajrKh• taldldr fõ.fhka p,kh jk wxY=jl m%fõ.h

iy ;ajrKh• jD;a; p,s;h mj;ajd .ekSug wksjd¾h wjYH;djla

f,i flakaødNsidÍ n,h• iqug ;sria ;,hla u; jQ wp, ,laIHhlg .eg

.eiQ ieye,a ;ka;=jl wfkla fl<jrg .eg .ik,o wxY=jl p,s;h

• fla;= wj,ïnh

15

10


45

3'15 isria jD;a; p,s;hl yeisÍuflfrys n,mdk idOlhla f,iwdrïNl fõ.h ie,ls,a,g .kshs'

3'16 ir, wkqj¾;S p,s;h úYaf,aIKhlrhs'

3'17 ;sria f¾Ldjla Tiafia isÿjk ir,wkqj¾;S p,s;fha iajNdjh tys,laIK weiqfrka úia;r lrhs'

• isria jD;a; p,s;h i|yd Yla;s ixiaÓ;s kshuhfh§u

• isria jD;a;hl p,s;h i|yd fh§u'

• iqug f.da,Sh mDIaGhla u; wxY=jl p,s;h• ¨yq" wú;kH ;ka;=jla uÕska wp, ,laIHlska

t,a,k ,o wxY=jl p,s;h• iqug isria jD;a;dldr j<,a,l fyda k,hl wxY=jl

p,s;h

• ir, wkqj¾;S p,s;h w¾: oelaùu iy tys flakaøh• ,dlaIKsl iólrKh iy tys idOdrK úi÷u• m%fõ.h" úia:dmkfha Ys%;hla f,i• úia;drh iy wdj¾; ld,h• úia:dmkh" ld,fha Ys%;hla f,i• ir, wkqj¾;S p,s;h taldldr jD;a;dldr p,s;h

uÕska újrKh• ld,h fiùu'

• yqlaf.a kshuh Ndú;fhka ;ka;=jl wd;;sh iyÿkakl wd;;sh fyda f;rmqu

• m%;Hia: n, hgf;a jQ wxY=jl ;sria ir, f¾Çhwkqj¾;S p,s;h

10

06

06


46

4' wyUq isoaêh ú.%ylsÍug .Ks; wdlD;sfhdod .kshs'

3'18 isria f¾Ldjla Tiafia isÿjk ir,wkqj¾;S p,s;fha iajNdjh tys,laIK weiqfrka ú.%y lrhs'

4'1 iiïNdù mÍlaIKhl i so aêújrKh lrhs'

• m%;Hia: n, yd tys u nr hgf;a jQ wxY=jl isriaf¾Ldjla u; ir, wkqj¾;S p,s;h

• ir, wkqj¾;S p,s;h iy .=re;ajh hgf;a ksoe,af,ap,s;h hk foflys ixhq;sh

• iïNdú;dj ms<sn| m%;sNduh woyi• iiïNdù mÍlaIKh w¾: oelaùu• ksheÈ wjldYh yd ksheÈ ,laIH w¾: oelaùu

• mßñ; ksheÈ wjldYh• wmßñ; ksheÈ wjldYh

• isoaê• w¾: oelaùu• ir, isoaê• wNsY+kH isoaê• ksiel isoaê• wkqmQrl isoaê• ixhqla; isoaê• isoaê foll fï,h• isoaê foll fÊokh• wfkHdkH jYfhka nysIaldr isoaê• ksrjfYaI isoaê• iïNjH isoaê• isoaê wjldYh

06

04


47

4'2 wyUq isÿùï ms<sn| .eg¨ úi£ui|yd iïNdú;dj ms<sn| wdlD;sfhdod .kshs'

4'3 fok ,o ;;a;ajj,g hg;a j wyUqisoaêhl iïNdú;dj ks¾Kh lsÍui|yd wiïNjH iïNdú;d ixl,amWmfhda.S lr .kshs'

• iïNdú;dj ms<sn| fm!rdKsl w¾: oelaùu"ÿ¾j,;d

• mÍlaIKd;aul iïNdú;dj w¾: oelaùu" ÿ¾j,;d• iïNdú;dfõ iaj isoaêuh w¾: oelaùu" jeo.;alu• iïNdú;dj ms<sn| m%fïhh idOk iys; j

• wdl,k kshuh

• wiïNjH iïNdú;dj w¾: oelaùu• m%fïhh idOkh iys; j

04

08


48

5' ;SrK .ekSfïl=i,;dj j¾Okhlr .ekSu i|ydúoHd;aul wdlD;sfhdod .kshs'

4'4 wyUq isoaê foll fyda jeä .Kkliajdh;a;;dj ks¾Kh lsÍu i|ydiïNdú;d wdlD;sh fhdod .kshs'

4'5 wjia:dkql+, j fíhia m%fïhhNdú; lrhs'

5'1 ixLHdkfha iajNdjh y÷kajhs'

• iïNdú;dj ms<sn| .=Kk kS;sh

• isoaê foll iajdh;a;;dj• isoaê ;=kl iajdh;a;;dj

• ksheÈ wjldYh úNd.kh• uq¿ iïNdú;dj ms<sn| m%fïhh idOkh iys; j

• fíhia m%fïhh idOkh iys; j

• ixLHdkh hkq l=ula o@• ixLHdkfha iajNdjh

• úia;rd;aul ixLHdkh• wkqñ;sl ixLHdkh• iïNdú;dj iy jHdma;s kHdh

06

06

01


49

5'2 f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu i|yd o;a;yiqrejhs'

5'3 o;a; iy f;dr;=re j¾.SlrKhlrhs'

5'4 o;a; iy f;dr;=re j.= .; lrhs'

5'5 o;a; iy f;dr;=re rEmsl j olajhs'

• o;a; iy f;dr;=re• mÍlaIK iy o;a;• o;a;j, m%fNao

• úúla; o;a; iy ika;;sl o;a;• f;dr;=re• o;a; iy f;dr;=re w;r fjfiishdj

• o;a; j¾.SlrKh• o;a; j¾.SlrKh" foaj,a ms<sfh, lsÍfï ls%hdj,shla

f,i• o;a; j¾.SlrKfha wruqKq• j¾.SlrKfha moku

• o;a; bÈßm;a lsÍfï Ys,amSh l%u• j.=.; lsÍfï Ys,amSh l%u

• ixLHd; j.=jla f.dv ke.Su• wiuQys; ixLHd; jHdma;sh• iuQys; ixLHd; jHdma;sh

• ;Sr m%ia;dr• jg m%ia;dr• cd, f¾Lh• f¾Ld m%ia;dr• fldgq fl¢ igyk

01

01

01

04


50

5'6 flakaøsl m%jK;d ñkqula f,iuOHkHh ú.%y lrhs'

5'7 flakaøsl msysgqï ñkqï w.hkaweiqßka ixLHd; jHdma;sh újrKhlrhs'

5'8 ixLHd; jHdm a; shl a m s< sn|;SrKj,g t<öu i|yd WÑ;flakaøsl m%jK;d ñkqï Ndú; lrhs'

5'9 wmlsrK ñkqï Ndú;fhka ixLHd;jHdma;shl úisÍu újrKh lrhs'

5'10 l=ál;d ñkqï weiqßka jHdma;shlyevh ks¾Kh lrhs'

• ixLHd; jHdma;shl iudka;r uOHkHh• Nß; uOHkHh

• ud;h• uOHia:h• p;=¾:l• m%;sY;l

• flakaøsl m%jK;d ñkqïj, idfmalaI jeo.;alu

• úisÍu ms<sn| ñkqï• úisÍu ms<sn| ñkqïj, jeo.;alu• úisÍu ms<sn| m%úê

• mrdih• w¾O wka;Ya p;=¾:l mrdih• uOHkH wm.ukh• úp,;dj• iïu; wm.ukh• ixhqla; o;a;j, uOHkHh• ixhqla; o;a;j, úp,;djh• ,l=K

• l=ál;d ñkqï• ld,a msh¾ikaf.a l=ál;d ñkqï

03

04

04

08

02

5'0 b.ekaùfï l%fudamdh

fuu jev ud,dfjka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk m%;sM,h ,nd .ekSfï ld¾hh myiq lsÍu i|yd isiqkag b.ekaùfï úúO Wml%u fhdod .; hq;= h'isiqkag Tjqkaf.a .Ks;uh úkejqu jeä ÈhqKq lr .ekSug kï" WodyrKhla f,i Tjqkag" újrK" úi÷ï" fya;= oelaùu wdÈh ms<sn| j wfklaisiqka iu`. iy .=reNj;=ka iu`. idlÉPd lsÍug wjia:d ;sìh hq;= h' tfia u Tjqkaf.a woyia yqjudre lr .ekSu ,sÅ; fohg muKla iSudfkdfldg jdÑl j o rEm igyka Ndú;fhka o ixLHd;aul j o ixfla; iy jpk wdY%s; m%ldY u.ska o bÈßm;a lsÍug Wkkaÿ lrúh hq;= h'

isiqyq l%u iuQyhlska bf.kqu ,n;s' m%Odk jYfhka Y%jH" oDYH iy p, úkaok weiqfrka bf.kSu ,nk Tjqyq we;eï úg bkaøsh lsysmhla uta i|yd fhdod .ks;s' bf.kSfï wdldr mrdih úúO idOl u; kuH njg m;a fõ' ta ksid iqÿiq u b.ekaùfï Wml%u f;dard .ekSfï § ta tltlla ms<sn| j úuis,su;a úh hq;= h' isiqka .Ks;h bf.k .kakd wdldr u; Tjqkaf.a ixialD;sl yd iudcSh miqìu w¾:j;a n,mEula lrknj m¾fhaIKj, § fmkS f.dia ;sfí' fuu fjkialï y÷kdf.k" ish¨ u isiqkag ;udf.a .Ks; oekqu iy yelshd j¾Okh lr .ekSug iudkwjia:d ,efnk wdldrhg b.ekaùfï Wml%u fhdod .; hq;= h'

mka;shlg iuia;hla f,i b.ekaùfï § f,dl= lKavdhula ;=< bf.kSu isÿ úh yels w;r" l=vd lKavdhï isák wjia:dj, isiqka tlsfkldw;r wfkHdkH f,i woyia yqjudre lr .; yels h' tfia u ;ks ;ks j fyda .=rejrhd iu`. fyda woyia yqjudre lr .; yels h' fï ieu l%shdms<sfj<la u .Ks; mka;s ldurh ;=< mej;sh yels h'

51

52

isiqkag wkql+, f,i yd w¾:dkaú; f,i .Ks;h bf.k .ekSug

kï oekqu iy l=i,;d muKla j¾Okh jk wdldrhg mka;s ldur

jevigyka mokï úh hq;= fkdfõ' úkejqu" ine¢h" ;¾lkh iy

.eg¨ úi£u wd§ lafIa;%j,ska o tajd fmdaIKh úh hq;= fõ' fuys

w.g i|yka l< wruqkq y;r ;=<ska <uhskaf.a Ñka;kh;a p¾hd

ls%hdj,sh;a iqrlaIs; j j¾Okh jkq we;'

fï i|yd idudkH mka;s ldur b.ekaùug wu;r j my; i|yka

flfrk úIhdkqnoaO ls%hdldrlï ;=<ska o iEu YsIhhdg u bf.kSfï

ls%hdj,shg iïnkaO ùug bv ie,fikq we;'

• isiq wOHhk lj

• .Ks; iudc

• .Ks; l|jqre

• ;rÕ ^foaYSh yd úfoaYSh&

• mqia;ld, Ndú;h

• mka;sldur ì;a;s mqj;a

• .Ks;d.dr

• ld¾h ldur

• .Ks; b;sydifha o;a; /ialsÍï

• nyq udOH Ndú;h

• jHdmD;s

,nd .; yels myiqlï fhdod .ksñka by; i|yka ls%hdldrlï

ixúOdkh lsÍu .Ks; .=rejrhdf.a j.lSu h' tfia u tu ls%hdldrlï

ixúOdkh lsÍfï § isiqkag iy .=rejrhdg wod< fjk;a wdh;k yd

mqoa.,hkaf.a Wmldrh o ,nd .; yels h'

úêu;a miqìula iys; j fuu ls%hdldrlï ixúOdkh lsÍu i|yd

tla tla mdi," .Ks; úIhhg wod< f,i iajlSh m%;sm;a;s úlikh

lr .ekSu w;HjYH h' tla tla mdi, u.ska úlikh lr .kakd

;u mdi,a m%;sm;a;sj, fldgila fuh jkafka h' .Ks;h i|yd fuu

m%;sm;a;s úlikh lr .ekSfï § mdif,a fN!;sl mßirh yd jgmsgdj"

ms<sn|j;a mdi,a isiqkaf.a iy mdi, wjg m%cdjf.a wjYH;d iy

Ñka;k ms<sn|j;a mdi,g iïm;a ,nd.; yels wdh;k yd fiajd

,nd .; yels iïm;a mqoa.,hska ms<sn|j;a i,ld ne,sh hq;= h'

mdif,a m%;sm;a;s ksIagd <Õd lr .ekSu i|yd úúO ls%hdldrlï

we;=<;a jd¾Isl jevigyka mdi, úiska ixúOdkh lr .; hq;= h'

kshñ; jirla i|yd l< hq;= jevigyka ;SrKh lsÍfï § m%uqL;ajh

ms<sn|j;a idOH;d ms<sn|j;a idOH;dj ms<sn|j;a iïm;a ixfrdaOl

ms<sn|j;a úuis,su;a úh hq;= h' flfia fj;;a úúO isiqkaf.a we,au

iy wNsfhda.H;d j¾Okh lsÍu i|yd iu;a jk wdldrfha ls%hdldrlï

fm<la ixúOdkh lsÍug mdi,g yelsjkjd we;'

6'0 mdi,a m%;sm;a;s iy jevigyka

7'0 ;lafiarej yd we.hSu

mdi, mokï lr.;a we.hSï jevms<sfj, hgf;a tla tla jdrh i|yd kshñ; ksmqK;d yd ksmqK;d uÜgï wdjrKh jk mßÈ bf.kqï b.ekaùïwe.hSï WmlrK ks¾udKd;aulj ms<sfh, fldg ls%hd;aul lsÍu wfmalaIs; h'

13 jk fYa%Ksh wjidkfha § cd;sl uÜgfï we.hSu jk w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& úNd.h i|yd fuu úIh ks¾foaYh ks¾foaYs;h'

fuu úIh ks¾foaYh mokï lrf.k YS% ,xld úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska mj;ajkq ,nk cd;sl uÜgfï úNd.h m<uqjrg 2011 j¾Ifha §meje;aúKs'

fuu úNd.fha m%Yak m;%j, wdlD;sh yd iajNdjh ms<sn| wjYH úia;r úNd. fomd¾;fïka;=j u.ska imhd we;'

53

54

8'0 wxlkhmy; oelafjk .Ks;uh wxlkh Ndú; lrkq ,efí'

1' l=,l wxlkh

wjhjhla fjhs

wjhjhla fkdfjhs

wjhj iys; l=,lh

jk mßÈ ish¨ u l=,lh

l=,lfhys wjhj ixLHdj

wNsY+kH l=,lh$ysia l=,lh

i¾j;% l=,lh

l=,lfhys wkqmQrlh

Ok ksÅ, l=,lh iy Y+kHh

ksÅ, l=,lh

Ok ksÅ, l=,lh

mßfïh ixLHd l=,lh

Ok mßfïh ixLHd l=,lh

Ok mßfïh ixLHd l=,lh iy Y+kH

;d;a;aúl ixLHd l=,lh

Ok ;d;a;aúl ixLHd l=,lh

Ok ;d;a;aúl ixLHd l=,lh iy Y=kHh

;d;a;aúl hqKq

ixlS¾K ixLHd l=,lh

ys Wml=,lhla

ys kshu Wml=,lhls

ys Wml=,lhla fkdfõ'

ys kshu Wml=,lhla fkdfõ'

fï,h

fÊokh

ixjD; m%dka;rh

m%dka;rh

m%dka;rh

újD; m%dka;rh

iïnkaOfhka hkak g iïnkaO fjhs

;=,H fõ g" we;eï ;=,H;d iïnkaO i|yd

2' ñY% ixfla;

iu

fkdiu

i¾jiu fõ fyda wx.iu fõ

wdikak jYfhka iu fõ

iudkqmd;sl

55

wvq

wvq fyda iu

≯ fkdjeä

> jeä

jeä fyda iu

≮ fkdwvq

wkka;h

fkdfjhs

yÕjhs$yeÕefjhs ^ ;=,H g&

fyda fyda

yd

ixLHd f¾Ldj u; újD; m%dka;rh

ixLHd f¾Ldj u; ixjD; m%dka;rh

3' .Ks; l¾u

• •

;d;a;aúl ixLHdfjys Ok j¾.uQ,h

;d;a;aúl ixLHdfjys udmdxlh

l%udfrdams;

hk oaúmo ix.=Klh

øjH w;=ßka jrlg ne.ska f.k iEÈh yels ixlrK

øjH w;=ßka jrlg ne.ska f.k iEÈh yels

ixfhdack

4' YS%;

Ys%;h

ys § Ys%;fha w.h

l=,lfha tla tla wjhjh i|yd l=,lfha

m%;sìïnhla mj;akd Ys%;h

Ys%;h wjhjh wjhjhg wkqrEmKh lrhs

Ys%;fha m%;sf,dauh

hkafkka w¾: oelafjk

yd ys ixhq; Ys%;h

lrd t<efUk úg ys iSudj

ys jDoaêhla

56

úIhfhka ys jHq;amkakh

úIhfhka ys jeks jHq;amkakh

úIhfhka ys m<uqjeks"

fojeks''' jeks jHq;amkakh

úIhfhka ys wksYaÑ; wkql,h

úIhfhka ys ksYaÑ; wkql,h ys yd

w.hka w;r

* ^ ys yd w.hka w;r úIhfhka

ys ksYaÑ; wkql,h&

ld,h úIhfhka m<uqjeks" fojeks'''' jHq;amkak

* úl,am f,i fuhska tlla f;dard .; hq;= hs'

5' >d;Sh iy ,>q.Kl Ys%;

m%lD;s ,>q.Klj, mdoh

ys >d;Sh Ys%;h

mdohg ys ,>q.Klh

m%lD;s ,>q.Klh

10 mdohg ys ,>q.Klh

6' jD;a; Ys%;

jD;a; Ys%;

m%;sf,dau jD;a; YS%;

7' ixlS¾K ixLHd

ys j¾. uQ,h

ixlS¾K ixLHdjla

ys ;d;a;aúl fldgi"

ys w;d;a;aúl fldgi"

ys udmdxlh

ys úia;drh

ys úia;drh

ys ixlS¾K m%;snoaOh

57

8' kHdi

kHdih

iup;=ri% kHdifha m%;sf,dauh

kHdifha fmr¿u

iup;=ri% kHdifha ksYapdhlh

9' ffoYsl

ffoYslh

§Iag f¾Ld LKavh uÕska úYd,;ajh yd

ÈYdj ksrEmKh lrk ffoYslh

ffoYslfha ÈYdj we;s tall ffoYslh

ldáishdkq LKavdxl wlaIj, ÈYdjkg we;s tall

ffoYsl

ys úYd,;ajh

ys úYd,;ajh

iy ys wÈY .=Ks;h

iy ys ffoYsl .=Ks;h

" iy ys wÈY ;s%;aj .=Ks;h

10' iïNdú;dj yd ixLHdkh

wdÈh isoaê

iy isoaêj, fï,h

iy isoaêj, fþokh

isoaêfhys iïNdú;dj

isoaêfhys wkqmQrlh" z fkdfjhsZ hk

isoaêh

isoaêh § we;s úg isoaêfhys iïNdú;dj

iiïNdù úp,H

wd§ iiïNdù úp,Hj, w.hka

ksÍlaIK ksßlaiqï&

ksÍlaIK we;s ùfï ixLHd;

úúla; iiïNdù úp,H jk ys iïNdú;d

Ys%;h jk ys w.h

úúla; iiïNdù úp,Hh jk ys

hk w.hj, iïNdú;d

ika;; iiïNdù úp,Hh jk ys iïNdú;d

>k;aj Ys%;fha w.h

iiïNdù ^wyUq& úp,Hh jk ys ^iuqÉÑ;&

jHdma; Ys%;h jk ys w.h

iiïNdù ^wyUq& úp,Hh jk wefjlaiqu

ys wefjlaiqu

iiïNdù ^wyUq& úp,Hh jk ys úp,;dj

58

ksÅ, w.hka .kakd iiïNdù ^wyUq& úp,Hhla

i|yd iïNdú; ckk Y%s;fha w.h

oaúmo jHdma;sh" iy mrdñ;s

m%u; jHdma;sh" uOHhkHh iy úp,;dj

ck.yk uOHkHh

ck.yk úp,H;dj

ck.yk iïu; wm.ukh

ksheÈ uOHkHh

ksheÈhlska jk ck.yk úp,;dfjys wkNsk;

^fkdkeUqre& ksudkh

jHdma;sh iys; m%udKslD; m%u;

úp,Hh ms<sn| iïNdú;d >k;aj Ys%;h

ixhqla; .ks;h - nie.lk · 2016. 11. 3. · mgqk msgqj 1'0 ye¢kaùu 1 2'0 úih...

Documents