izeluleko zokugcina - mdukatshani health manual zulu.pdf · – amathumba ... isigaba esilandelayo...

Imfuyo IphilileIzelu leko Zokugcina

Imfuyo IphilileIzelu leko Zokugcina

Ihlanganiswe yahlungwa ngo: Rauri Alcock, Hannes de Villiers, Trevor Dugmore, Sibusiso Gumede,

Donna Hornby, Brigid Letty, Keith Perret and Alan Rowe

2 Izeluleko Zokugcina Imfuyo Iphilile

Izeluleko Zokugcina Imfuyo Iphilile

July 2007

Ihlanganiswe yahlungwa ngo:

Rauri Alcock (Mdukutshani Land Reform Project/CAP)

Hannes de Villiers (DAEA)

Trevor Dugmore (DAEA)

Sibusiso Gumede (DAEA)

Donna Hornby

Brigid Letty (Institute of Natural Resources)

Keith Perret (DAEA)

Alan Rowe (DAEA)

Isembozo ngu: Rauri Alcock

Ihunyushwe ngu: Siyephi Mbhele

Yahlolwa ngu: Regi Khumalo

Ihlelwe ngu: Tangerine Design

Imibongo:Lencaphuno elandelayo yasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa le ncwadi:

Handbook on Stock Diseases (1989) Monnig and Veldman, Tafelberg Publishers Ltd, ISBN 0 624 02819 4

Ukushicelelwa kwalencwajana kukhokhelwe yi-KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs (DAEA)

3Izeluleko Zokugcina Imfuyo Iphilile

Okuphakathi1 ISINGENISO ��5

• Ngabelelibhukulimayelananani? ��5

• Okuqukethweyelelibhuku ��5

• Ungalisebenzisakanjanilelibhuku? ��6

2 IMPILO YEZILWANE ��7

• Kubalulekenganiukugcinaimfuyoiphilile? ��7

• Ibalulekenganiimpiloyomhlambi ��7

• Ubonakanjaniumaisilwanesiphila? ��7

• Yikuphiokugcinaimfuyoiphilile? ��8

• Yinganiukudlakubalulekile? �� 10

3 UKUGULA/IZIFO �� 11

• Yinganisidingaukwaziukuthiizifozibangwayini? �� 11

• Yiniebangelaizifo? �� 11

– Amagciwane �� 11

– Imikhaza, izikelemu nokhuphe �� 12

• Yiziphiizinhlobozezimpawuezikhona? �� 13

4 UKWELASHWA KWEZIFO/UKUGULA �� 15

• Yiziphiizinhlobozokwelaphaezikhona? �� 15

• Yikuphiokumeleucabangengakhoumawelaphaimfuyo? �� 16

• Yimuphiumuthiokumelengiwuthenge? �� 17

• Ngingawubekakanjaniumuthi? �� 19

• Ngiwuhambisanganjaniumjovowokugoma?�� 19

• Ngazikanjaniukuthiiziphiizilwaneezigulanjalo? �� 19

5 IMINININGWANE YEZIFO NOKWELASHWA KWAZO �� 20

• Izifozezinkomo �� 20

– I-Antrax �� 20

– Umthelelana ngokuphunza (Contagious Abortion) �� 21


– Umkhonywana(Blackquarter)�� 22

– I-Vibrosis �� 23

– Redwater (Umbendeni) �� 24

– Isifo senyongo (tick borne gall sickness) �� 25

– Ukufa kwemibele �� 26

– Imfudumalo (sweating sickness) �� 27

– Amaqhubuesikhumbeni(lumpyskindisease) �� 28

– Amaqhuqhumba(warts) �� 29

– Ukuqunjelwa(bloat)�� 29

• Izifoezihlaselaizinkomonezimbuzi �� 30

– Umqhaqhazeloemazinyaneni(Heartwater) �� 30

– Amathumba �� 31

– Isifo sohudo olujwayekile �� 32

– Isifo sohudo olunamagciwane �� 33

• Izifoezivameezimbuzi �� 34

– Ukuxhuga ibenamathumba �� 34

• Izifozezinkukhu �� 35

– Uvolomisa (Newcastle Disease) �� 35

– Izilonda emehlweni (Fowl Pox) �� 36

– Amabatha (izilonda ngaphansi kwezinyawo) – Bumble foot �� 37

– Ukhuphe �� 37

– Imikhaza yezinkukhu �� 38

– Ukhuphe olulumayo �� 38

• IzifoEzihlaselaAmahhashi �� 39

– Isifo samahhashi (African Horse Sickness) �� 39

6 UHLELO LOKUGOMA IZINKOMO �� 40

7 ITAFULA LEZIKALO ZOMUTHI �� 41

8 AMANANI EMITHI �� 42

Ikhasi Lezithombe �� 43


Isingeniso

Ngabe lelibhuku limayelana nani?Lelibhuku linikeza abafuyi nabantu ababasekelayo ulwazi ngokuthi imfuyo igcinwa kanjani iphilile, nokuthi bengazinakekela kanjani izilwane ezigulayo�

Okuqukethwe yelelibhuku Impilo yemfuyo•

Ukugula/izifo•

Ukulapha•

Izinhlobo zezifo nokulashwa kwazo•

Ukugonywa kwezinkomo•

Izilinganiso zemithi•

Amanani emithi•

Ngaphansikwesihlokosempiloyemfuyo,sizoxoxangokugqugquzelaimfuyoukuthi ilwe nezifo ngokwendalo� Sibheka ukuthi yini isilwane esiphilile, nokuthi sisigcina kanjani siphilile�

Isihloko esithi ukugula/izifo sizoxoxa kabanzi ngembangela yezifo emfuyweni� Sizophinde sibheke izimpawu nezinsiza ezingalekelela ukubona isifo esihlasele imfuyo�

Isihloko sokwelapha sizoxoxa ngezinto umfuyi okumele azazi uma efuna ukulapha imfuyo yakhe� Sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo zemithi ekhona, ukukhetha imithi efanele, izilinganiso noma izikali, inikezwa kanjani nokuthi imithi igcinwa kanjani� Sizophinde sixoxe ngokubaluleka kokuhlala unemithi ehlukene (medicine kit) ukuze umlimi akwazi ukuzilaphela imfuyo�

Ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi izifo nokulashwa kwazo, sibheka izifo ezahlukene ezingagulisa imfuyo� Siphinde sichaze ngezimpawu zesifo ngasinye nendlela yokuzilapha�

1


Isingeniso

Ungalisebenzisa kanjani lelibhuku?Kumeleuqalengokufundaisigabasokuqala,esixoxangokubalulekakokugcina imfuyo iphilile siphinde sikunike ulwazi lokugcina imfuyo iphilile� Isigabaesilandelayosizokusizauqondeukuthiyiniegulisaimfuyo,siphindesikuchathazele ngolwazi lokuthi ilashwa kanjani�

Isigaba esilandelayo salelibhuku sizogxila futhi sikunike ulwazi olunzulu ngezimpawo zezifo ezihlasela imfuyo� Ngaleso naleso sifo, kuzoba nesithombe esikhombisa inhlobo yemfuyo engahlaselwa yiso�


Impilo Yemfuyo

Kubaluleke ngani ukugcina imfuyo iphilile?Isilwane esiphilile simelena kangcono nezifo futhi silulama kalula uma sigula� Isilwane esigulayo sidla imali nesikhathi somfuyi� Umnikazi wesilwane esigulayo kumele athenge imithi, imijovo nezinaliti zokujova� Yingakho kungcono ukuthi imfuyo ihlale iphilile kunokuba igule�

Imithiyokulaphaisebenzakangconofuthiumauqalaukuyisebenzisaimfuyoingakaguli kakhulu kangangokuthi nemithi ngeke isalapha� Kubalulekile-ke ukuthi umfuyi asheshe abone uma isilwane singenwa yisifo, sihlaselwe sifo sini nokuthi kumele enzeni�

Ibaluleke ngani impilo yomhlambiIsilwane esisodwa esigulayo singasulela umhlambi wonke� Lokhu futhi kungaba yimbangela yokuthi noma sesiluleme isilwane ebesigula, siphinde sisuleleke futhi�

Uma umlimi, noma umakhelwane wakhe, enezilwane eziningi emhlambini wakhe ezigulayo, kuchaza ukuthi isifo sivamile kakhulu kuleyo ndawo� Kulukhuni ukugcina isilwane ngasinye siphilile uma kuvame izifo endaweni�

Lokhukuyiqinisofuthingezinambuzaneezibangaizifo,njengamazenze/imikhaza nezikelemu� Uma umfuyi, noma umakhelwane wakhe, enemikhaza noma izikelemu emfuyweni yakhe, lapho kunzima ukuyivala imikhaza nezikelemu ukusabalala kuzo zonke izilwane�

Ngaphambi kokuba sibheke ukuthi singazelapha kanjani izifo, kungcono sicabange ngokuthi singazibona kanjani izilwane eziphilayo nokuthi singazigcina kanjani ziphila�

Ubona kanjani uma isilwane siphila?Uma ukwazi ukubona ukuthi isilwane sakho siphilile kuzokusiza ekutheni ukwazi ukubheka imfuyo yakho nokuyigcina kahle�

Iningi labafuyi libona ngokushesha uma imfuyo yabo ingaphilile� Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuchaza ukuthi impahla ephilayo ibukeka kanjani ukuze ukwazi ukuchaza ukuthi engaphilile ibukeka kanjani� Lokhu kusiza ekutheni ukwazi

2Kulesisigaba sizobheka impilo yesilwani ngasinye kanye nempilo yomhlambi wonke.


Impilo Yemfuyo

ukukhomba okuyinkinga ngesilwane ngoba izifo ezahlukene zinezimpawu ezahlukene�

Imfuyo ephilayo yile enalokhu okulandelayo:

4 Idla ukudla ngendlela ejwayelekile edla ngayo�

4 Iyazihambela emini ukuze ithole ukudla, amanzi nomthunzi�

4 Ihamba nezinye izilwane uma kunomhlambi, ayimi noma ilale yodwa ekhoneni�

4 Iyetshisa

4 Iphefumula kalula ayibambeki uma iphefumala�

4 Ayixhugi noma ayigobisi umhlane ngesikhathi ihamba noma imile�

4 Ayinayoindawoeqothukile.

4 Uboya noma izimpaphe akuphukile, akuxathuki noma ayithinteki kahle futhi ayinuki kabi�

4 Amahlo ayacwebezela futhi acacile�

4 Ikhala limanzi kancane enkomeni, lomile ezimbuzini�

4 Izimbobo zamakhala noma amehlo akuvuzi amafinyila nezimbici�

4 Ubulongwe nomchamo akuhlukile kokujwayelekile futhi kungumbala ojwayelekile�

Loluhla lungengezwa ngokwezilwane ozifuyile� Qaphela ukuthi impahla ibukeka kanjani uma iphila ukuze usheshe ubone ukuthi yini eyinkinga kuyo umaiqalwaukugula.Lokhukuzokusizaekutheniukwaziukuthiyiniimbangelayezifo�

Yikuphi okugcina imfuyo iphilile?Amasosha omzimba agcina imfuyo iphilile� Zonke izilwane zinamashosha omzimba, kanjalo nabantu�

Umsebenzi wamasosha omzimba ukulwa namagciwane ahlasela isilwane angabanga ukuthi sigule� Amasosha omzimba afana nebutho, elilungele ukulwa nokusihluphayo ngazozonke izikhathi okubeka impilo yesilwane engozini�

Amasosha omzimba atholakala kuwo wonke umzimba wesilwane� Akhandwe ngezigidigidi zezicubu ezincane kakhulu ukuthi ungazibona ngamehlo enyama� Uma amagciwane engena emzimbeni wesilwane, lezicubu ziphuma kuwowonkeumzimbazilwenamagciwane.Umaamasoshaomzimbaekunqobalokufa, isilwane sihlala siphila� Uma ehluleka ukulwa nazo zingakuthola


Impilo Yemfuyo

ukufazidingeukwelashwa.Amasoshaakhiqizekaemkantshenibeseehambaumzimba wonke ngegazi�

Lamasosha omzimba ayakwazi ukubona isifo uma eke alwa naso� Ngokwezinye izifo, lolu lwazi luhlala emzimbeni impilo yonke yesilwane, njengokuthelelana kokuphunza�

Ngezinye izifo kodwa, amasosha omzimba angazibona izifo uma zikhona emzimbeni kodwa ilahlekelwe ulwazi ngazo uma isilwane sikade sagcina ukuba naso� Izifo ezijwayelekile zaloluhlobo yilezo ezibangwa imikhaza� Lesi ngesinye sezizathuesenzaukuthiizilwanezigulekusaqalaihlobolaphokunemikhazaeminingiemvakokuthibeyinqabileebusika.Umaamasoshaomzimbaeseyijwayele imikhaza futhi, lesosilwane singabe sesilwa nezifo zemikhaza�

Abafuyibemfuyoabafuyeendawenilaphoisifoumqhaqhazelo(heartwater)sivamekhonakumelebaqapheleukungathengiimfuyoezindaweniezingenasolesi sifo ngoba amasosha omzimba alemfuyo awasazi lesi sifo, ngeke asivikele isilwane futhi sizogula�

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi njengebutho lasempini, amasosha omzimba ahlukene ngezigaba, isigaba nesigaba kunamagciwane alwa naso� Isibonelo, isigabaesisodwasilwanombendeni(redwater)kodwaasilwinomqhaqhazelo.Isigabaesilwanomqhaqhazelokuphelaesingabonalesisifo.Lokhukushoukuthi njengoba amasosha omzimba esibona isifo esisodwa akusho ukuthi ungazibona zonke izifo�

Iyodwa indlela yokwenza isilwane ukuthi sixhumane nesakhiwo esiwikhi sesifo ngaphandle kokusibulala, ukugoma� Kunemigomo okumele imfuyo inikwe yona njalo ngonyaka, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zidinga ukunikwa kuphela kanye empilweni yesilwane� Enye indlela yokwandisa amasosha omzimba ezilwaneni ukuthi sizalwe namasosha omzimba kanina waso� Imfuyo esencane yandisa amasosha omzimba kakhudlwana uma incela konina ngokushesha emvakokubaizelwe,inceleubisilokuqalaolubizwangokuthiisithubi,lolubisiolusagcwele amasosha omzimba kanina�

Izilwane ezingachithi isikhathi esiningi zithola ukufudumala noma zihlala zipholile yizona ezikwazi kakhudlwana ukusimama ezifweni� Ngalokho ke kuwukuhlakanipha ukunikeza isilwane esigulayo umthunzi nompheme zozivikela emoyeni nasemvuleni�


Impilo Yemfuyo

Yingani ukudla kubalulekile?Akunandaba ukuthi isilwane siphile kangakanani, uma sihlala silambile futhi sondile, nakanjani sizogula� Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi amasosha omzimba esilwane esizacile awakwazi ukulwa nezifo ezahlukene eziyihlaselayo� Esisodwa nomaeziningizalezizifozizowanqobaamasoshaomzimbangenxayokuthiisilwane silambile, okwenza ukuthi ingakwazi ukuzivikela nakwezinye izifo�

Kungcono ukuzama ukuyipha ngendlela okuyiyo ukunokuzama ukuyelapha inendlala, futhi izacile uma ike yagula impahla enjengaleyo Ayibe isakwazi ukusimamaumaigula.Lokhukuqhathiniswanempahlaephakelwakahle,nomaingagula, kodwa izokwazi ukusimama ngokwayo ngaphandle kokwelashwa�

Ngakho ke kubalulekile ukuthi imfuyo uyinikeze ukudla okwanele ukuze ihlale isesimweni esihle� Impahla edla kahle iyashesha ukululama uma ihlaselwa izifo, kunelambile, ezacile�

Kubalulekile ke ukuthi imfuyo ihlale inokudla okwanele ukuze ihlale iphilile, ikwazi ukulwa nezifo� Imfuyo edla kahle ivama ukuphile kahle, futhi ikwazi ukulwa nezifo�

Ebusika, lapho kungekho khona ukudla okwanele, izilwane zingangenwa ukugula kalula� Kunezindlela zokukuvikela lokhu, njengokunika imfuyo amaprotein azokulwa nezifo kulezindawo ezinamadlelo alahla umsoco (sourveld) uma kubanda bese uzinike i-hay (amabhele) nezinsiza mzimba kulezi ezinotshani obungalahlekelwa umsoco (sweetveld)�


Ukugula/izifo

Ukugula/izifo

Yingani sidinga ukwazi ukuthi izifo zibangwa yini?Umfuyi owaziyo ukuthi imfuyo iguliswa yini uzokwazi ukuthi yelashwa kanjani ngendlela okuyiyo noma uzosithola kalula iseluleko sokuthi yelashwa kanjani impahla�

Ngokwazi imbangela yesifo, umfuyi ukwazi kangcono ukuthi iyiphi ingozi ekhona empahleni yakhe yonke� Inkomo ekhishwa yisisu kunokwenzeka ukuthi ihlaselwe igciwane elizophuma nobulongwe, okungasulela ezinye izinkomo� Ngokwazi lokhu, umfuyi angelaphela uhudo masisha emhlambini, futhi asuse emhlambiniizinkomoezigulayoukuzezingasulelaningesifoesingabhuqaamathole ikakhulu�

Yini ebangela izifo?Impahla ingagula kuphela uma kunento eyibangela ukuthi igule� Zimbili izimbangela ezinkulu zezifo ezimpahleni – amagciwane nezimbungulu, njengemikhaza, ukhuphe/izintwala nezikelemu�

AmagciwaneKunezigidigidi zezinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane ezingabanga izinhlobo zezifo ezahlukene� Lamagciwane atholakala yonke indawo, emoyeni, emanzini nasemhlabathini, kodwa mancane kakhulu ngeke sikwazi ukuwabona ngamehlo enyama� Amasosha omzimba ahleze elwa namagciwane adala izifo.Kodwaawakwaziukunqobakahlehlenalamagciwaneumakunohloboolulodwa oluningi endaweni lapho kuhlala khona imfuyo noma amasosha omzimba angekho esimweni esihle� Kulezizimo, impahla inethuba elikhulu lokuba ingenwe ilezi zifo ezibangwa amagciwane�

Imfuyo nabantu abagulayo banamagciwane amaningi ngaphakathi kwabo, okuyikhona okubanga ukuthi bagule� Zingathelela ezinye izilwane nabantu ngamagciwane ngamathe, umphefumulo, ubulongwe noma ubomvu, kuba sekutheni uhlobo luni legciwane� Ngezinye izifo, njengalezi ezibangwa imikhaza, isifo siyafafazeka uma umkhaza usuka emfuyweni egulayo uluma enye�

3Lesigaba sibheka izimbangela ezahlukahlukene ezibanga izifo nokuthi ungabona kanjani ukuthi isilwane siguliswa yini.


Ukugula/izifo

Kunezifo ezibangwa amagciwane ezingelapheka kulula ngemithi uma umfuyi ekwazi ukukusho okungahambi kahle ngempahla yakhe� Kodwa kunezinhlobo zezifo ezingalapheki ngemithi yesiLungu uma impahla ike yatheleleka� Ngalezizifo, amasosha omzimba emfuyo angayivikela uma ingenwa yilesifo ngesikhathi esilandelayo� Kubalulekile kodwa ukugoma imfuyo ingaze ingenwe yilezi zifo� Amanye alamagciwane abanga lezifo ayingozi kakhulu okungathiumaimpahlaiqalwaukufa,uhulumeniuthiumfuyikumeleayihlabeleyompahla(njengesifosamatele).Eqinisweni,kunezifoeziyingozingempelaokudingaukuthiinyamayesilwaneingadliwaishiswenomaigqitshweukuvikelaamagciwane ukuthi angabhebhetheki kwenye impahla�

Imikhaza, izikelemu nokhupheImikhaza, izikelemu nokhuphe akufani namagciwane ngoba kukhulu futhi singakubona� Kunezimbungulu ezihlala ngaphandle empahleni, njengemikhaza nokhuphe� Kunezinye ezihlala ngaphakathi empahleni, njengezikelemu�

Izimbungulu zibanga ukugula empahleni ngezindlela ezimbili:

1� Zimunca igazi bese imfuyo igule ngoba seyilahlekelwe isimo sempilo� Izikelemu ziyakwenza lokhu�

2� Izimbungulu zinamagciwane angena emfuyweni ngesikhathi zincela igazi� Ilapho ke lamagciwane esebanga khona isifo� Imikhaza ifana netekisi lamagciwaneabangaumbendeninomqhaqhazelonesifosenyongoezinkomeni nasezimbuzini�

Umkhaza obizwa nge-bont ticks (kwesokunxele) ufafaza isifo somqhaqhazelo kanti umkhaza i-blue tick (kwesokudla) ubanga isifo umbendeni.

(Icashunwe: Jenny Turton (1999) Tick borne Igama lesifos in ruminants – http://www.nda.agric.za/docs/Ticks/ticks.htm)

Isithombe 1 sikhombisa ukuthi uluhlola kanjani ulwelwesi emehlweni embuzi ukubona izimpawu zesifo segazi i-anaemia (ulwelwesi luzophaphatheka noma libe mhlophe esikhundleni sokuba pink). Izikelemu ezibizwa nge-wire worm zibanga lesi sifo segazi ezimbuzini uma sezihlasele emathunjini ngoba zidla igazi.

Ikhasi Lezithombe


Ukugula/izifo

Izimbungulunezifozawozinqandwangemithi(njengokudipha),ukuyivikelanokugoma� Imithi iyasiza ukulwa nezimbungulu� Kodwa ke imithi ngokwayo ayizinqobizonkeizimbungulu.Kubalulekilefuthiukuthisivimbeizimbungulungokudiphela imikhaza nokushintsha amadlelo ukuvikela izikelemu� Impahla ingazivikela kwezinye zezifo emva kwesikhathi� Lokhu kwenzeka ezinkomeni nasezimbuzini ezivunyelwe ukuba zibe nemikhaza kodwa ingabi miningi ize ibangele ukuthi zigule kakhulu� Ukusiza ukuthi kwande amasosha omzimba, umfuyi akumele adiphe amankonyane ngaphandle kwemibele yezithole� Ezinye izinhlobo zemfuyo zinawo amandla okuzivikela emikhazeni, njengamaNguni, abonakala engangenwa imikhaza eminingi futhi andisa amasosha omzimba ukushesha�

Uma isilwane kwenzeka singenwa isifo esithwalwa imikhaza, kumele selashwe kungenjalo sizofa� Kubalulekile ukuthi uma izinkomo zibulawa yisifo semikhaza zidishwe ngoba yonke imikhaza ekuleyompahla ithwele izifo� Ngokudipha impahla, umfuyi uzokuvimbela imikhaza enezifo ekutheleleni ezinye izilwane emhlambini�

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezimpawu ezikhona? Izimpawu ziyasisiza ekutheni sibone ukuthi imfuyo iguliswa yini� Izimpawu zingaba ukushisa, umchamo obomvu, nezinye� Njengomfuyi, kumele ubheke izimpawu nezinye izinto ezingasiza ekuhloleni imbangela yesifo�

Izinto ongahlola ngazo kungaba:

inani lemikhaza,•

isikhathi sonyaka (uma kuvumbuka imikhaza eminingi noma kuba notshani •obuluhlaza kakhulu),

Ingabe imfuyo igula isigubhukane noma ngabe igule kancane isikhathi •eside,

Ingabe omakhelwane bake baba ne mfuyo egulayo�•

Kunezifo ezenza ukuthi impahla ibe nezimpawu ezibonakala kalula� Njengempahla, enombendeni izoba nomchamo obomvu� Kodwa kunezifo ezingazibonakalisi noma ezinezimpawu ezingakhombeki kalula�

Kwesinye isikhathi isilwane sivele singathandi ukudla, sivilaphe� Lesilwane kungenzeka ukuba siyagula kodwa kunzima ukwazi ukuthi siguliswa yini ngobaizimpawuaziqondilengqo.Yilaphokekusizakhonaumfuyiukuthiazingezimpawu nokuthi zingasho ukuthini� Emva kwesikhathi, abafuyi bazofunda kakhudlwana ngokubheka izimpawu nezinto abangahlola ngazo ukuze

Isithombe 2 sikhombisa sikhombisa amathuluzi alula ongawasebenzisela ukunika izimbuzi umuthi wezifo ezifana nezikelemu.

Ikhasi Lezithombe


Ukugula/izifo

kusize ekutheni bakwazi ukukhomba ukuthi yisiphi isifo esihlasele imfuyo kusenesikhathi�

Baningi abafuyi nodokotela abangakutshela ngokukhulu ukushesha ukuthi impahla iguliswe yini uma isifile� Bangayihlinza babheke ubuchopho, isibindi noma isisu bese besho uhlobo lwesifo esiyibulele� Kuyasiza ekutheni wazi imbangela�

Isexwayiso!

Kunezifo ezinjenge anthrax, lapho odokotela beluleka khona abafuyi ukuba bangasihlinzi isidumbu sesilwane, basishise. Ngokuyisika uyivule inyama yempahla ebulewe i-anthrax, umfuyi uvumela onke amagciwane e-anthrax ukuba angene emhlabathini, esilungele ukuthelela enye imfuyo nabantu ngesinye isikhathi.

!


Ukwelashwa Kwezifo/Ukugula

Ukwelashwa Kwezifo/ Ukugula

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokwelapha ezikhona? Eminye imithi iyayivikela imfuyo okutheni ithole isifo kanti eminye yelapha leso sifo uma imfuyo isihlaselwe ukufa�

Ukugoma kuyayivikela impahla ekuguleni ngokuyinika isikali esincane segciwane elibanga isifo esithile, elingenamandla okugulisa� Lokhu kuvumela impahla ukuba yandise amasosha omzimba ngokwayo ukuba ilwe nezifo ngesikhathi esizayo kodwa akuyibeki engozini yokuthi igule kakhulu� Eminye yemijovo kumele inikwe njalo ngonyaka, njengomjovo womkhonywana nesifo samaqhuqhumba-(Lumpyskin).Eminyeimijovoisetshenziswakanyekuphelaumjovo usebenze yonke impilo yempahla, njengomgomo wokuthelelana ngokuphunza�

Abafuyibangaxhumananodokotelabezilwaneabaqashwenguhulumeni,batholeimininingwanengemigomoetholakalamahalaengabasizaukunqandaizifo ezithize� Isibonelo, umgomo i-Blanthrax ivikela umkhonywana ne-Anthrax, kanti umgomo i-RB51 igomela umphunzo othathelanayo�

Kunezifo ezingavikelwa ngezinhlelo zokuvikela izifo, njengokuthi umfuyi angavikela umbendeni ngokudipha izinkomo ngendlela okuyiyo nangezikhathi ezifanele, ngesikhathi semikhaza, futhi uma sesidlulile� Uhlelo lokuvikela izifo lungasebenzisana neminye imithi yokwelapha� Njengokuthi, umfuyi engayithutha impahla eyise edlelweni elisha lapho kungekho khona izikelemu bese eyijovele izikelemu njalo emva kwezinyangana ukuze avikele izifo ezibangwa izikelemu�

Uma isifo singalapheki ngomgomo noma ngohlelo lokuvikela, kujwayelekile ukuthi silashwe ngomuthi� Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zemithi futhi kubalulekile ukuthi umfuyi azi ukuthi yini engahambi kahle empahleni yakhe ngaphambi kokuba athenge umuthi, awusebenzise� Umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu ongesiwo umgomo uyisibulali magciwane-(antibiotic), njenge-Terramycin� Le isebenza ezifweni ezibuyayo, njengokufa kwemibele noma isilonda ezinobomvu obuningi�

4 Lesigaba sibheka izinhlobo zokwelapha zesiLungu. Abafuyi abaningi basebenzisa umuthi wesintu, ngempumelelo. Umithi yesiLungu ingalekelela impilweni yemfuyo. Abafuyi abasha kumele baqinisekise ukuthi bayazi ukuthi umuthi wesintu nowesiLungu usebenza kanjani, nokuthi kumele uyinike isikali esingakanani uma igula nokuthi ungayinika kanjani ngaphambi kokuthi uyinike imfuyo.

Lesi sigaba sinikeza iseluleko ngokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imithi yesiLungu nokuthi yingani kumele isetshenziswe ngendlela okushiwo ngayo kuphela.



Yikuphi okumele ucabange ngakho uma welapha imfuyo?Kungenzeka ukuba uyobe uvikela imfuyo yakho ekuguleni noma uyobe welapha imfuyo evele isigula� Uma welapha imfuyo egulayo, kumele ube wazi ukuthi yini engahambi kahle kuyo ukuze uyelaphe ngokuphelele� Uma sewazi ngezimbangela zokugula kwemfuyo yakho, udinga ukuthi ucabange ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Yimiphiimithiedingekayo?Qinisekisa ukuthi uthenga noma uthola imithi okuyiwo wokwelapha imfuyo yakho� Umuthi okungesiwo ngeke uyisize imfuyo�

• Kumeleuyinikeumuthiongakanani?Imithi eminingi inikwa ngokwezikali sesisindo sesilwane� Isilwane esincane sinikezwa umuthi omncane kanjalo esikhulu sinikezwa umuthi omningana� Kubalulekile ukwazi isisindo sesilwane osilaphayo ukuze wazi ukuthi kufanele usinike umuthi ongakanani� Umuthi omningi, njengowokwelapha imfuyo enombendeni, ungayibulala kalula imfuyo yakho, kanti eminye imithi ilahlekelwa amandla uma kungafakwanga isikalo esanele ukubulala amagciwane�

Umfuyiangathengaisikaliesizomnikaindlelaeqondileyokukalaisisindosemfuyo� Isikali sebhande singasebenza ezinkomeni, ezingulubeni, nasemahhashini� Ibhande libekwa likekelezele isifuba semfuyo ngemva kwamahlombe bese isikali sifundwe ebhandeni, njenge-tape measure yabathunga izingubo�

Ekugcineni kwaleli bhuku kukhona itafula ilezokunika isilinganiselo sesisindo sezilwane nokuthi kufanele uzinike isilinganiselo esingakanani somuthi�

• Inganikwakanjaniumuthi?Imithi ehlukene inikezwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene� Kunemithi enikezwa kuphela emlonyeni, eminye idinga imijovo eminye kumele ibekwe ngaphandle komzimba wesilwane� Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi usetshenziswa kanjani umuthi ngoba eminye ingayisiza imfuyo uma ijovwa esikhumbeni, kodwa ibe ingozi uma uyifaka emlonyeni�

• Ijovwakuphiimpahla?Zintathu izinhlobo zemijovo ezingasetshenziswa, kuba semuthini owusebenzisayo�

Uhlobolokuqalalomjovoi-intramuscular,okumeleinikezwengokujulileesicutshwini (enyameni)� Uma sidinga isikali esingaphezu kuka 20cc ngesikhathi esisodwa, impahla kumele ijovwe ezindaweni ezimbili ezahlukene.Lomjovouvamiseukunikwaesinqenisempahlakudenomgogodla eduze kwemuva lapho kunezicubu eziningi khona�

Isithombe 3 sikhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwebhande lokukala isisindo sesilwane.

Ikhasi Lezithombe

Isithombe 4 sikhombisa ukusetshenziswa komjovo wezicubu (intramuscular injection) – lo uhlatshwa phakathi ezicubini zenyama.

Isithombe 5 ukukhombisa ukuthi umjovu wezicubi ufakwa kuphi.

Ikhasi Lezithombe



Uhlobo lwesibili lomjovo ilolu olufakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba� Lolu lubizwa nge-(subcutaneous injection)� Inalidi ingagoba kancane, isikhumba usincinze phakathi kweminwe wenzele ukukhuphula isikhumba ukuze inalidi ikwazi ukuya ngaphansi kwaso ngaphandle kokuthi iye esicutshwini� Lo uvamise ukunikwa entanyeni lapho kutholakala khona isikhumba esiningi�

Umjovowesithathuobizwange-(intravenous),loofakwangqoemthanjweni� Lolu hlobo lomjovo luwuhambisa emzimbeni wonke umuthi ngokukhulu ukushesha� Nokho ke, kungumjovo olukhuni ukuwusebenzisa ngoba kunzima ukuthola imithambo esilwaneni esigulayo futhi kumele anakekele ukuthi umuthi ungawuphushi kakhulu� Lokhu kungayibulala impahla� Kanti uma imfuyo igula isivele ilele phansi, ilapho kufanele khona umfuyi ukuthi ayinikeze i-intravenous injection ngoba eminye imijovo ingathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi isebenze� Kunemithambo emikhulu entanyeni yesilwane naseduze kwemibele yenkomo�

• Uhlobolunilwenalidinesyringeokumelengilusebenzise?Kumele usebenzise inalidi ebukhali nama-syringe amasha noma afakwe emanzini abilisiwe� Inalidi engcolile izothelela isilwane osijovayo ngesifo sesilwane ogcine ukusijova ngaleyo nalidi� Isyringe engcolile nayo ingawuthelela umuthi owusebenzisayo� Ngalendlela, esikhundleni sokwelapha, ungathelela imfuyo ngezinye izifo� Izinalidi namasyringe abilisiwe angasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwengozi� Kepha kumele kubiliswe ngokushesha emva kokuthi kusetshenzisiwe� Umfuyi kumele abheke ukuthiinalidiayigqwali,okwenzekaumaisibilisweizikhathiezingaphezukwezintathu.Inalidiegqwalilekumeleilahlwekudengokucophelelaukuzeizingane nezinye izilwane zingakwazi ukuyithinta�

Imijovo yokugoma kumele isetshenziswe ngezinalidi ezintsha ukuze ugqwalakungawuthintiumuthi.

Uma ujova izinkomo, sebenzisa i-syringe engu 20cc ne 18 gauge yenalidi�

Uma ujova izimbuzi, sebenzisa i-syringe engu 10cc ne 10 guage yenalidi�

Uma ujova izinkukhu, sebenzisa i-syringe engu 2cc ne 20 gauge yenalidi�

Izinalidi namasyringe ezigoma kangcono, ilezi ezijwayele ukuba ezangaphansi kwesikhumba, ezakhiwe ngenzimbi, ezinenalidi enguhhafu we-inch enesilinganiso sika 15 wesyringe esiwuRoux� Lokhu kwenza umgomo ube umsebenzi olula� Kanti, ukugoma kungenziwa ngezinalidi namasyringe njengoba kushiwo ngenhla�

Yimuphi umuthi okumele ngiwuthenge?Ziningi izinto okumele uzicabange uma uthenga umuthi� Nansi imibuzo ebalulekile:Imuphiumuthiengiwudingayowalezizifoezihlaselaimpahlayami?

Isithombe 6 sikhombisa ukusetshenziswa komjovo wangaphansi kwesikhuma – lo uhlatshwa ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba.

Ikhasi Lezithombe



Ngabelooshibhileiwonaungcono?Ngabelomuthikumeleugcinweendaweniopholile?Ngabeuzophelelwaniniyisikhathi?Ngabeuzosebenzakangakilookulelibhodlela?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-antibiotic� Owodwa ungena egazini bese usebenza isikhathi eside� Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-long-acting anti-biotic (okungumuthi othatha isikhathi eside usebenza)� Umjovo owodwa ungahle wanele, kanti kwenye inkathi kudingeka uphindwe umjovo ezinsikwini ezintathu� Lenhlobo isetshenziselwa izifo eziya ngokwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengesifo samakhaza�

Uhlobo lwesibili i-short-acting anti-biotic (okungumuthi othatha isikhathi esincane)� Ungena ngokushesha egazini kodwa awuhlali� Kudingeka isilwane sijove nsuku zonko kuze kuphele izinsuku ezingengaphansi kwezintathu� Lo othatha isikhathi esincane kumele unikezwe impahla enezifo ezisheshe ziphele, njengesifo senyongo�

Kwesinye isikhathi uma umfuyi ethenga umuthi, umthengisi uzomnika iphaketheleqhwaazophathangaloumuthi.Lokhukushoukuthiumuthiakumeleugcinwengaphandlekwesiqandisi(fridge)nomaendaweniebandakakhulu ngaphezu kwemuzuzu emibalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa� Uma umfuyi enganayo indawo ebanda kakhulu yokubeka umuthi, kumele awusebenzise empahleni ngalo lelolanga� Imithi egcinwa ibanda ayibekwa kwi-freezer ngoba iyonakala�

Ziningi izitolo ezithengisa amabhodlela emithi engalapha izinkomo eziningi, kepha kumele usetshenziswe wonke uma usivuliwe� Umfuyi angazibonela ukuthi ulahla imali uma ethenga umuthi onje uma engenazo izinkomo eziningi� Kulesisimo, umfuyi kumele acele noma ebuze esitolo ukuthi kunganjani uma bengamthengisela ingxenye yawo� Kodwa ke, izitolo eziningi azikwenzi lokhu� Kulesi simo, ningasebenzisa ibhodlela elilodwa nomakhelwane abanele ukuthi umuthi uphele ungakonakali�

Ngakho ke, uma uthenga umuthi, bheka lezizinto ezilandelayo ngaphambi koba uthatheisinqumo:

Umuthiongakananiokumeleufakweemjovweniowodwa?•

Ngabeumjovoowodwauzothathaisikhathiesingakanani?•

Yiluphiuhlobolwe-antibioticoludingekayo?•

Ngabe umuthi ungabekwa ekhabetheni noma udinga indawo ebanda •kakhulu?

Zingakiizilwaneezingajovangomuthiosebhodleleni?•

Uzophelelwaniniyisikhathilomuthi?•



Uhlobo lwama-antibiotics ongawathola kuma-cooperatives angahluleka ukunqobaisifoesihlaseleimfuyo,okushoukuthikufaneleuvakasheleudokotelawezilwane, ongakunika olunye uhlobo lwemithi�

Ngingawubeka kanjani umuthi?Okubalulekekakhulungokubekaumuthiukuthiumfuyiabenesiqinisekosokuthi izingane ezincane azisondeli eduze kwamabhodlela nezitsha zawo� Eminingi yawo iyingozi kakhulu, ingabagulisa abantwana befe nokufa� Ngakho ke kumele ibekwe ekhabetheni lapho izingane zingeke zikwazi ukufinyelela khona noma endlini ehlala ikhiyiwe ngaso sonke isikhathi�

Okunye okumele ukukhumbule ngokugcina imithi ukuthi lapho kunokukhanya okuningi khona noma ilanga kuyayibulala ingxenye yomuthi obuzosebenza ukwelapha imfuyo� Ngakho ke imithi kumele ibekwe endaweni enjengamakhabethe noma endlini engezushaywa ilanga kulo�

Futhi kubalulekile kumfuyi ukuthi abheke usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi ukuze angayiniki impahla umuthi ongeke usayisiza�

Kukhona eminye ke imithi edinga indawo ebanda kakhulu, ikakhulukazi imigomoleexutshwanamanzi.Lenakumeleigcinwekwisiqandisi(fridge)nomaikekelezelwengeqhwaentweniebandayo.Kumeleigcinweethunzinihhayielangeni ngenkathi umfuyi esalungisela ukuwusebenzisa�

Kubalulekile ukuthi amabhodlela agcina imithi abhalwe kucace, ikakhulu uma imithi ingekho ichathazelwe emabhodlelani okungewona awomuthi� Kumele abhalwe ngegama lomuthi, nosuku ozophelelwa ngawo yisikhathi�

Ngiwuhambisa nganjani umjovo wokugoma?Umuthi wokugoma udinga ukubekwa endaweni ebandayo, kodwa i-freezer iyawona.Umauqedaukuwuthenga,kumeleuwugoqengephephandaba,uwufakekucwazibeseuwufakaebhokisinieliqandayoelineqhwaelomile.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi iziphi izilwane ezigula njalo?Kumele umfuyi abe nophawu noma umaka wokubona isilwane ngasinye ukuze akwazi ukugcina imininingwane ngezilwane ezilashiwe� Uma kunezinkomba zokuthi uchitha imali eningi welapha isilwane esisodwa, ungacabanga ukusidayisa�


Imininingwane Yezifo Nokwelashwa Kwazo

Im

inin

ingw

ane

Yezi

fo N

okw

elas

hw

a K

waz

o

Izifo

zez

inko

mo

5 Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

I-Ant

hrax

In

kom

o ep

hila

yoIs

ilwan

e si

fa n

goku

shes

ha,

sing

akho

mbi

si z

impa

wu

ngis

ho

emah

oren

i am

balw

a ed

lule

�

Inko

mo

esifi

leIg

azi e

lijiy

ile, e

limny

ama

liphu

ma

emak

hale

ni

nang

emuv

a�

Lesi

sifo

sih

lase

la n

aban

tu

ngak

ho le

nkom

o ku

fane

le

igqitshw

eno

maishisw

e,

inga

dliw

a�

Isid

umbu

sen

kom

o en

alez

impa

wu

akum

ele

sihl

inzw

e no

ma

sivu

lwe,

ngo

ba

lokh

u ku

zode

dela

am

agci

wan

e as

abal

ale�

Gom

a iz

inko

mo

nge-

Blan

thra

x ez

oziv

ikel

a kw

i-ant

hrax

no

mkh

onyw

ana�

Isik

ali s

omjo

vo i-

Blan

thra

x:

Um

jovo

ofa

kwa

ngap

hans

i •

kwes

ikhu

mba

o

Sebe

nzis

a am

amili

mith

a •

amab

ili n

gaph

ansi

kw

esik

hum

bao

Jova

inko

mo

kany

e ng

onya

ka

•iz

e ib

e ne

min

yaka

em

ithat

hu�

Aku

vam

ile u

kuba

nes

ikha

thi

esan

ele

sokw

elap

ha k

usuk

a ek

unge

neni

kw

esifo

kuy

a ek

ufen

i kw

enko

mo�

Yin

gakh

o ku

balu

leki

le u

kugo

ma�

Isix

way

iso!

Lesi

sifo

sit

hele

la

naba

ntu.

!



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Umth

elelan

ang

okup

hunz

a In

kom

o ep

hila

yoLe

si s

ifo s

iban

ga u

mph

unzo

em

hlam

bini

� Kuv

ame

ezin

kom

eni e

zine

ziny

anga

ez

i-4 k

uya

kwez

iyi-7

zim

ithi,

kant

i kok

unye

inko

mo

izal

a is

ithol

e es

inge

nam

andl

a,

bese

siy

afa�

Sib

onak

ala

ngom

hlap

ho o

ngav

amile

�

Um

a is

ifo s

esin

esik

hath

i es

ide,

inko

mo

iba

noku

vuvu

kala

oku

nam

anze

ed

olw

eni n

oma

wom

abili

�

Izin

kunz

i zin

gaph

elel

wa

inza

lo�

Izith

ole

kum

ele

zigo

nyw

e�

Gom

a iz

ithol

e ez

inez

inya

nga

ezi-4

ku

ya k

wez

iyi-8

nge

-Bru

cella

S19

(jo

va k

anye

kup

hela

)

Ung

azijo

vi iz

ithol

e ez

inez

inya

nga

eziy

i-9� I

mip

hum

ela

yoku

xilo

nga

izot

hi in

kom

o en

ales

ifo k

anti

ayin

aso�

Isik

ali s

e-Br

ucel

la S

19:

Xuba

uke

tshe

zi n

ephi

lisi

•

Jova

nga

mam

ilim

itha

amah

lanu

•

ngap

hans

i kw

esik

hum

ba

Olu

ye u

hlob

o lo

mjo

vo

i-RB5

1 –

enga

jova

izin

kom

o ze

min

yaka

yon

ke, a

yina

mth

elel

a ek

uxol

ongw

eni k

weg

aziIs

ikal

o se

RB52

:

Xuba

uke

tshe

zi n

ephi

lisi

•

Jova

2m

l nga

phan

si

•kw

esik

hum

ba

Um

a in

kony

ane

ligom

e •

ezin

yang

eni e

zine

kuy

a kw

eziy

ishu

mi,

zani

kwa

umjo

vo

futh

i ezi

nyan

geni

ezi

yi-1

2 ku

ya

kwez

iyi-1

6, a

kudi

ngek

ile z

igom

e m

inya

ka y

onke

�

Ayik

ho in

dlel

a yo

kwel

apha

lesi

si

fo

Izin

kom

o ez

inge

nwe

yilo

khu

kugu

la k

umel

e zi

bula

we

ukuz

e zi

ngas

ulel

i ezi

nye

emhl

ambi

ni

kany

e na

bant

u�

Isix

way

iso!

lesi

sifo

sit

hele

la

naba

ntu

– iz

impa

wu

wuk

ushi

sa,

ukuj

uluk

a no

kuph

ela

aman

dla.

Kod

wa

akuh

olel

i ek

uphu

phum

eni

kwes

isu

kuba

ntu.

Im

ijovo

yok

ugom

a in

gaba

gulis

a ab

antu

, iph

athe

ng

okuq

aphe

la.

!



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Umkh

onyw

ana

Inko

mo

ephi

layo

Uhl

asel

a iz

inko

mo

ezis

enca

ne

ezin

ezin

yang

a ez

inta

thu

kuya

kw

eziy

i-6� I

zink

omo

ezin

gaph

ezu

kwem

inya

ka

emith

athu

azi

hlas

elw

a yi

lesi

si

fo�

Ziba

nok

uvila

pha,

zis

hise

futh

i zi

xhug

e� U

mle

nze

owod

wa

uvam

ise

ukuv

uvuk

ala

kube

se

ngat

hi u

yath

ofoz

ela�

Inko

mo

egul

ayo

izof

a ng

okus

hesh

a�

Kwes

inye

isik

hath

i ibu

keka

se

ngat

hi y

asha

ywa

umba

ni

emle

nzen

i�

Inko

mo

esifi

le

Ivuz

a am

anzi

abo

mvu

nab

row

n la

pho

ivuv

ukel

e kh

ona�

Kun

uka

njen

gam

afut

ha a

bolil

e� U

ma

uyih

linza

, izi

nyam

a za

yo z

iba

nam

agw

ebu,

ano

bum

nyam

a ok

ufot

hoze

layo

�

Lesi

sifo

siv

ikel

wa

ngok

ugom

a�U

kuvi

kela

um

khon

ywan

a,

izin

kom

o ez

inca

ne

ezin

ezin

yang

a ez

inhl

anu

kuya

kw

eziy

isith

upha

kum

ele

zigo

nyw

e ng

omjo

vo o

njen

ge

Blan

thra

x�

Isik

ali:

2 m

l nga

phan

si

kwes

ikhu

mba

Uph

inde

um

jovo

kan

ye

ngon

yaka

inko

mo

ize

ibe

nem

inya

ka e

mith

athu

ubu

dala

Gqiba

nom

aus

hise

inya

ma

yenk

omo

ebul

ewe

yile

si s

ifo

ukuv

ikel

a um

hlam

bi�In

yam

a ya

khon

a in

gaba

gulis

a ab

antu

�

Ukw

elap

ha a

kuva

mile

uk

uphu

mel

ela�

Um

fuyi

an

gajo

va in

kom

o ng

e-pe

nici

llin,

et

hola

kala

kod

okot

ela

bezi

lwan

e�



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Vibr

iosi

sLe

si s

ifo s

ithel

elan

a ng

esik

hath

i so

kukh

wel

a� S

inga

mgc

iwan

e ab

anga

ubu

nyum

ba

okw

esik

hash

ana

ngen

xa

yoku

phun

za�

Aku

nake

ki lo

khu

kuph

unza

, um

fuyi

ubo

na n

je k

unez

ithol

e ez

imba

lwa

kuno

kulin

dele

kile

�

Izin

kom

o ez

ithel

elek

ile

zing

amith

a em

va k

wez

inya

nga

eziy

i-5 k

uya

kwez

iyi-6

, bes

e zi

ngap

hind

e zi

hlus

hwe

yile

si

sifo

, yiz

e zi

ngat

hele

la e

ziny

e�

Izin

kunz

i azi

hlus

hwa

yile

si s

ifo,

ziya

sifa

faza

nje

�

Sivi

kelw

a ng

okug

oma�

Gom

a ng

e-Vi

brio

/Lep

tofe

rm 5

Vac

cine

�

Sebe

nzis

a 2m

l / n

gesi

lwan

e (u

jove

ezi

cubi

ni)

Gom

a in

yang

a no

ma

ezim

bili

ngap

ham

bi k

wes

ikha

thi

soku

khw

ela

nom

a ng

apha

mbi

ko

kufa

ka im

fuyo

ent

sha

emhl

ambi

ni� U

ma

sing

avam

ile

lesi

sifo

end

awen

i, iz

inko

mo

ezigom

eok

okuq

alaku

mele

zith

ole

umjo

vi i-

boos

ter e

mva

kw

amas

onto

am

atha

thu�

Kuya

tusw

a uk

ugom

a zo

nke

ezin

kom

o ez

izal

ayo

min

yaka

yo

nke�

Um

jovo

uhl

ale

enda

wen

i eb

anda

yo�



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Umbe

nden

i (R

edw

ater

)In

kom

o ep

hila

yoIn

kom

o eg

ulay

o ye

nyuk

elw

a iz

inga

loku

shis

a lifi

nyel

ele

ku

(40º

c –

42ºc

) fut

hi a

yiku

than

di

ukud

la�

Ihla

la il

ele

phan

si ik

hath

ele

iphe

fum

ulel

e ph

ezul

u�

Um

a se

siha

mbe

kak

hulu

is

ifo, u

mlo

mo,

am

ehlo

kan

ye

neng

emuv

a liy

apha

phat

heka

ng

okus

aqan

da(u

telete

le)

esik

hund

leni

sok

uba

bom

vana

in

kom

o em

va k

wal

okho

icha

ma

umch

amo

obom

vu�

Ezin

ye iz

inko

mo

zibo

naka

la

umasiqh

ubek

aisifo

uku

shisa

kweh

la k

ube

koku

jway

elek

ile

kuze

kub

e ng

apha

nsi k

akhu

lu

bese

siy

afa

isilw

ane�

Inko

mo

esifi

le

Igaz

i lay

o lib

alul

a� In

gaph

akat

hi

lesi

lwan

e lib

a ph

uzi

esik

hund

leni

sok

uba

bom

vana

� Is

ibin

di, i

nyon

go k

anye

no

bend

e ku

yakh

ukhu

mal

a�

Uku

vike

la u

mbe

nden

i, za

ma

ukug

cina

inan

i elin

cane

la

mak

hiza

ne e

mzi

mbe

ni k

hona

in

kom

o iz

okw

azi u

kuzi

vike

la

kule

sisi

fo�

Uku

diph

a iz

inko

mo

okun

gena

ni

kany

e ng

enya

nga

kung

asiz

a uk

weh

lisa

lesi

sifo

�

Am

anko

nyan

e az

alel

we

enda

wen

i ena

lesi

sifo

aw

afi u

ma

enga

zuku

dish

swa

esem

anca

ne�

Um

a is

ilwan

e si

bula

we

yile

sisi

fo,

faka

idip

hu e

mzi

mbe

ni w

aso

ukub

ulal

a am

akhi

zane

� U

ma

unga

wab

ulal

i azo

lum

a le

zink

omo

ezip

hila

yo b

ese

ziya

gula

naz

o zi

fe�

Aba

ntu

beng

ayid

la in

kom

o eb

ulaw

e um

bend

eni�

Laph

a ng

okuj

ova

nge

mith

i enj

enge

-Diz

ene,

Be

reni

l kan

ye V

erib

en�

I-Ver

iben

ijov

wa

kanj

e:

Um

jovo

aw

usho

ne e

sicu

tshi

ni�

•

Jova

u5

mili

litha

enk

omen

i esi

nda

100k

g •

wes

isin

do�

Ung

ajov

i nga

phez

ulu

kuka

10

wam

a •

mili

litha

end

awen

i eyo

dwa�

Isix

way

iso!

Lo m

uthi

un

gasi

bula

la

isilw

ane

uma

weq

isa

iska

lp.

!



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Isifo

sen

yong

o

(tic

k bo

rne

gall

sick

ness

) In

kom

o ep

hila

yoIz

impa

wu

zifa

na n

ezik

ambe

nden

i nga

phan

dle

kom

cham

o ob

omvu

� Iba

nok

ushi

sa o

kukh

ulu

(40-

44ºc

) fut

hi a

yiku

funi

uku

dla�

Iyak

hath

ala,

ilal

e ph

ansi

iphe

fum

ule

ngok

ushe

sha�

Iz

inko

maz

i zip

hele

lwa

ubis

i ziz

ace.

Inga

phak

athi

lom

lom

o, a

meh

lo n

enga

phak

athi

le

ngem

uva

(vag

ina)

kub

a m

hlop

he e

sikh

undl

eni

soku

ba p

inki

, em

va k

wes

ikha

thi e

sinc

ane

kube

nc

ombo

kak

hulu

�

Inko

mo

ison

gela

na k

akhu

lu ik

hiph

e ub

ulon

gwe

obuq

inile

obu

noku

ncom

bonok

unsu

ndu

Um

a is

igul

a ka

khul

u, u

kush

isa

kubu

yela

ko

kujw

ayel

ekile

kug

cine

sek

upha

nsi k

akhu

lu�

Inko

mo

esifi

le

Igaz

i lal

enko

mo

liba

aman

zi�

Inga

phak

athi

lesi

fuba

nes

isu

kuba

nco

mbo

es

ikhu

ndle

ni s

okub

a pi

nki/

bom

vana

�

Inya

ma

yayo

iyap

haph

athe

ka�

Isib

indi

siy

akhu

khum

ala

sibe

-nga

thi s

ibaw

olin

tshi

�In

yong

o iy

avuv

ukal

a in

gaph

akat

hi la

yo li

be lu

hlaz

a ka

khul

u�

Ube

nde

luya

khuk

hum

ala

luth

ambe

�

Indl

ela

yoku

vike

la

Am

anko

nyan

e am

anca

ne

athi

ntek

a ka

ncan

e ko

dwa

ashe

sheaq

ineum

aez

alwe

enda

wen

i ene

mik

haza

en

ales

isifo

� Ung

awad

iphi

am

anko

nyan

e�Ku

mel

e ak

utho

le

ukul

unyw

a im

ikha

za u

kuze

an

dise

am

asos

ha o

mzi

mba

�

Izin

kom

o zi

ngag

onyw

a ko

dwa

ukug

cina

lom

uthi

kul

ikhu

ni

kakh

ulu�

Nga

kho

ke, k

ungc

ono

ukuv

umel

e im

fuyo

ibe

nem

ikha

za u

kuze

yan

dise

am

asos

ha o

mzi

mba

� Idi

phe

kuph

ela

uma

imik

haza

imin

ingi

em

ibel

eni y

ezin

kom

azi n

ezith

ole�

Um

a in

kom

o ib

ulew

e is

ifo

seny

ongo

, idi

phe

ukub

ulal

a im

ikha

za e

mzi

mbe

ni w

ayo�

Le

mik

haza

inal

esis

ifo, i

zoth

elel

a ez

inye

izilw

ane

uma

izilu

ma�

Aba

ntu

beng

ayid

la in

yam

a ye

silw

ane

esib

ulew

e ile

si s

ifo�

Jova

inko

mo

ezic

ubw

ini

nge-

antib

iotic

ese

benz

a ng

okus

hesh

a, n

jeng

e-Te

rram

ycrin

100

nom

a i-H

it-Te

t 120

� Use

benz

ise

izin

suku

ez

inta

thu

zila

ndel

ana�

Isik

alo

sizo

hluk

a ng

ohlo

bo

lom

jovo

ow

uthe

ngile

�Isik

alo

se-H

i-Tet

120

:

Um

jovo

wez

icub

u •

zeny

ama

Imili

litha

elil

odw

a •

ngam

akhi

logr

em a

yi-1

5 es

isin

do s

esilw

ane

Jova

nsu

kuzo

nke

izin

suku

•

ezin

tath

u

Qap

hela

ung

ajov

i •

enda

wen

i eyo

dwa

kuph

ela

– ku

ngco

no u

jove

un

geqisikum

amililiith

aan

gam

a-25

esi

cubi

ni,

bese

uth

ola

enye

inda

wo

Kum

ele

uyib

heke

kah

le

inko

mo

egul

ayo�

Itho

lele

um

phem

e oz

oyiv

ikel

a em

vule

ni n

asel

ange

ni�

Inik

e am

anzi

ahl

anze

kile

ok

uphu

za�



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Uku

fakwem

ibele

(M

asti

tis)

Ingx

enye

eyo

dwa

nom

a ez

inin

gi iy

avuv

ukal

a ib

e bu

hlun

gu�

Ibel

e lik

hiph

a am

anzi

aw

uket

shez

i olu

nsun

du

nom

a ub

isi o

lusa

man

zi

olun

ezig

axa

ezim

hlop

he

nom

a ez

iyel

o�

Kung

aban

gela

uku

fa

kwal

eyo

ngxe

nye

nom

a in

kom

o um

a in

gala

shiw

e�

Um

a ik

e ya

sith

ole

lesi

fo,

inko

mo

iba

seng

ozin

i yo

kusi

thol

a fu

thi�

Khum

bula

uku

thi i

mik

haza

em

inin

gi e

bele

ni le

sith

ole

nom

a le

nkom

o in

gaba

nga

ukut

hi ib

ele

life�

Imib

ele

yenk

omo

nezi

thol

e ku

mel

e id

ishw

e nj

alo

uma

isin

emik

haza

em

inin

gi�

Izin

gxen

ye e

zihl

asel

ekile

zi

ngat

hele

la le

zi e

ziny

e ka

nye

nezi

nkom

o� N

galo

kho

ke s

enga

iz

inko

mo

ezin

emib

ele

efile

ng

emuv

a ko

kuba

usu

seng

e zo

nke

ezip

hila

yo�

Futh

i sen

ga le

mib

ele

ephi

layo

ng

apha

mbi

kok

uba

usen

ge le

eg

ulay

o.Lok

hukuz

onqa

nda

ukub

hebh

ethe

ka k

wal

okuf

a�

Gez

a iz

andl

a ne

mib

ele

ngok

ucop

hele

la n

jalo

um

a us

enga

�

Seng

a nj

alo

izin

kom

o ez

inob

isi o

luni

ngi n

gaph

ezi

kolu

ngan

celw

a in

kony

ane�

Ubi

si

olun

ingi

lung

akub

anga

uku

fa

kwem

ibel

e�

Yela

pha

izilo

nda

esis

embe

leni

ng

e Io

dine

spr

ay�

Vum

ela

aman

kony

ane

ukub

a an

cele

em

va k

okus

enga

, uku

ze

uvik

ele

lesi

sifo

�

Faka

i-Pe

ndic

lox

Blue

em

bele

ni

ogul

ayo�

Uku

ze u

fake

um

uthi

em

bele

ni: S

enga

lo

nke

ubis

i� G

eza

umbe

le n

gesp

irith

i (m

ethy

late

d sp

irits

) nom

a ng

aman

zi

ashi

sayo

� Seb

enzi

sa is

hubh

u el

ilodw

a lo

mut

hi e

mbe

leni

ow

odw

a�

Faka

um

uthi

pha

kath

i em

bele

ni

bese

uw

ubhu

cabh

uca

unyu

kele

� U

ngaw

uphi

nda

umut

hi n

jalo

em

va

koku

seng

a ku

ze k

ube

yizi

khat

hi

ezin

tath

u�

Ung

ayijo

va in

kom

o eg

ulay

o ng

ama-

antib

iotic

ese

benz

a is

ikha

thi e

side

nj

enge

-Ter

ram

ycin

LA

nom

a i-H

i-Tet

20

0 LA

�

Isik

alo

se-H

i-Tet

200

LA

:

Jova

ezi

cubw

eini

•

Sebe

nzis

a im

ilim

itha

elilo

dwa

•ng

esis

indo

sam

akhi

logr

emu

ayi-1

0

Uph

inde

um

jovo

em

uva

•kw

ezin

suku

ezi

ntat

hu u

ma

esad

inge

ka

Faka

uhh

afu

wom

jovo

eng

xeny

eni

•ey

odw

a, o

mun

ye u

wuf

ake

kwen

ye

ingx

enye

�

Isix

way

iso!

Ubisilw

enko

mo

elas

hiw

e m

alun

gaph

uzw

a –

linda

kup

hele

is

ikha

thi e

sibh

alw

e em

uthi

ni.

!



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Imfu

dum

alo

(Sw

eati

ng s

ickn

ess)

Lesi

sifo

sib

angw

a ub

uthi

ob

udal

wa

uhlo

bo o

luth

ile

lwem

ikha

za� I

zink

omo

ziya

gula

be

se z

iba

noku

shis

a�

Ziba

nes

ikhu

mba

esi

vund

ile

emva

kw

endl

ebe,

nan

gem

uva

kwam

anqina

nap

haka

thi

kwem

ilenz

e en

gem

uva�

Ziqo

thuk

aub

oyazivu

vuka

le

emlo

nyen

i nas

emeh

lwen

i�

Isifo

san

de n

geny

anga

ka

Janu

ary

kuya

kuM

arch

� U

kuvu

nda

akus

iwo

umju

luko

�

Izin

kom

o ez

inca

ne

(ezi

neny

anga

eyo

dwa

kuya

kw

eziy

i-9 u

buda

la) y

izon

a ez

iba

seng

ozin

i�

Isik

hum

ba s

onke

si

ngah

lase

leka

� Ubo

ya

buya

qoth

ukabu

be

nam

aqeq

ebaan

obom

vu

ngap

hans

i kw

esik

hum

ba

esiv

undi

le�

Um

a in

kom

o ya

kho

ithol

a le

si

sifo

, kus

ho u

kuth

i uyi

vum

ela

ibe

nem

ikha

za e

min

ingi

kak

hulu

� Si

bang

wa

imik

haza

�

Ivum

ele

imik

haza

em

pahl

eni

kodw

a hh

ayi u

kuth

i ibe

m

inin

gi k

akhu

lu� I

diph

e um

a in

emik

haza

em

inin

gi k

akhu

lu

nom

a ka

nye

ngen

yang

a, u

ma

kuyi

sikh

athi

sem

ikha

za�

Ijove

esi

cuts

hini

nge

-ant

ibio

tic

i-Ter

ram

ycin

LA

nom

a i-H

i-Tet

20

0 LA

, i-M

etas

tin n

oVita

min

B

Com

plex

�

Isik

ali s

eMet

astin

: 5 m

l

Am

amili

litha

am

ahla

nuIs

ikal

i se

-Vita

min

B C

ompl

ex: 5

ml

Am

amili

litha

am

ahla

nuIs

ikal

i se

-Hi-T

et 2

00 L

A:

Jova

esi

cubw

ini

•

Imili

litha

elil

odw

a ng

esis

indo

•

sam

akhi

logr

emu

ayis

hum

io

Uph

inde

um

jovo

em

uva

•kw

ezin

suku

ezi

ntat

hu u

ma

kune

sidi

ngo

Khum

bula

uku

thi u

jove

•

uhha

fu w

omjo

vo e

sicu

tshi

ni

bese

om

unye

uhh

afu

uwuj

ove

kwes

inye

Isilw

ane

esig

ulay

o ku

mel

e si

thol

e ith

unzi

, fut

hi s

iphu

ze

aman

zi� S

usa

yonk

e im

ikha

za

nges

andl

a, u

ngak

hohl

wa

umsi

la�

Isith

ombe

7

sikh

ombi

sa

inko

nyan

e el

ines

ifo

sem

fudu

mal

o

Ikh

asi

Lezi

thom

be



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

ha

Am

aqhu

bu e

sikh

umbe

ni

(lum

py s

kin

dise

ase)

Isilw

ane

siya

shis

a, s

ijulu

ke�

Am

aqhu

buaba

phak

athi

kuka

hhaf

u w

esen

timith

a na

mas

entim

itha

ama-

5 at

hola

kala

esi

khum

beni

em

zim

beni

won

ke n

oma

engx

enye

ni�

Isilw

ane

esin

ales

i sifo

sib

a ne

mile

nze

ebuh

lung

u fu

thi

sixh

uge�

Am

aqhu

buayo

maad

ale

izingq

weq

we,ezixe

buka

yo.

Izilo

ndaez

inga

maq

huqh

uva

emas

ende

nizinga

qeda

inza

lo,

kant

i ing

abul

ala

izin

gxen

ye

nom

a yo

nke

imib

ele�

Izin

kom

o ku

mel

e zi

jovw

e nj

alo

ngon

yaka

ngo

mjo

vo w

esifo

sa

maq

hubu

i-Lu

mpy

Skin

Dis

ease

Vac

cine

� Seb

enzi

sa

amam

ililit

ha a

ma-

5 (n

gaph

ansi

kw

esik

hum

ba)�

Lesi

sifo

asi

laph

eki,

keph

a un

gavi

kela

uku

ngen

a kw

ezin

ye

izifo

ngu

kujo

va is

ilwan

e ng

e-Pe

nici

llin,

oku

fane

le u

yith

enge

ku

doko

tela

wez

ilwan

e�

Izilw

ane

ezig

ulay

o ku

fane

le

zith

ole

umth

unzi

, am

anzi

am

anin

gi n

okud

la�

Isith

ombe

8

sikh

ombi

sa

inko

nyan

e el

ines

ifo

sam

aqhu

bu

esik

hum

beni

Ikh

asi

Lezi

thom

be



Igam

a le

sifo

Izim

paw

uO

koku

vike

laO

kokw

elap

izeluleko zokugcina - mdukatshani health manual zulu.pdf · – amathumba ... isigaba esilandelayo...

Documents