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JAVA BALI SYSTEM GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION PLANNING

Singal Sihombing Indra Tjahja

PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur Beban Jawa BaliKrukut Limo Cinere, PO BOX 159 CNR

Jakarta, 16514

E-mail: s.sihombing@pln-jawa-bali.co.id ; indra@pln-jawa-bali.co.id

ABSTRACT

Energy growth in Java-Bali for the next 10 years must be supplied by adequate generation and transmission, in the aim of serving quality to consumer in riliable manner and can be controlled at the level which has already decide for voltage ± 5 % andfrequency 50 Hz±0,1 Hz.

The objective of the generation and transmission planning is to minimize oil (Fuel) and transmission investment.This objective is taken due to global fuel price bring up increasing of production cost and facing of difficulties to get the right of way.

In this paper introduced how the Java-Bali system generation and transmission planning in common practice .

1. INTRODUCTION

Java-Bali power system divided by 4 region from the system operation point of view that are : 1.Region Jakarta and Banten for western part of West Java,2.Region Jawa Barat for eastern part of West Java,3.Region Jawa Tengah dan DIY for central Java,4.Region Jawa Timur and Bali for east Java and Bali island, as shown in figure-1 and figure-2.

GITET (Eksisting)

Keterangan :

JAWA

CLGON

SLAYA

KMBNGBKASI

GNDUL

CWANGCBATU

CIBNG CRATA

SGLNG BDSLN

CRBON

KLTEN

UNGAR PWRDI

SBBRT

GRSIK

SBLTN

PITON

KDIRI

MADURA

BALI

BLRJA

DEPOK

MRTWR

CSKAN

TJATI

BABAT

GRATI

TSMYA

U

GITET (Rencana)

SUTET (Eksisting)

SUTET (Rencana)

Figure-1: System Jawa Bali

R E G IO N

Re g 2R e g 3

R e g 4

B a li

SL AY A

B K AS I

C IB N G

G N D U L

C R AT A

SG L N G B D S L NG R S IK

PI TO N

S B R AT

U N G AR

J AW AJ AW A

M A DURA

BA L I

G R ATI

C B ATUC L G O N

R e g 1

• O pe ra s i da n Pem e li ha ra an T ra n sm is i

• O pe ra s i Ja r i ng a n ( 1 50 kV & 70 kV )

U S EM d a n U B O S

U B O S

• M a na je m en E ne rg i

• O pe ra s i Ja r i nga n ( 5 00 kV ) U S E M

• S e te lm en T ra ns a ks i E ne rg i

P ED AN

Figure-2: Hierarchy control working area

2. INSTALLED CAPACITY GROWTH YEAR 2001-2005

JJaavvaa--BBaallii iinnssttaalllleedd ccaappaacciittyy aanndd ppeeaakk llooaadd ggrroowwtthh aasssseeeenn aatt ttaabbllee--11,, tthhaatt ppeeaakk llooaadd ggrroowwtthh iiss 66,,66 %% iinn tthhee yyeeaarr22000011 rreellaattiivvee ttoo yyeeaarr 22000000,, aanndd 66,,33 %% ffoorr tthhee yyeeaarr 22000022rreellaattiivvee ttoo yyeeaarr 22000011.. WWee nnoottiicceedd tthhaatt tthhiiss ggrroowwtthh iiss oonnllyy33 %% aatt tthhee yyeeaarr 22000033,, bbeeccaauussee tthheerree aarree nnoo nneeww ppoowweerrppllaanntt aaddddiittiioonn aatt tthhee mmoommeenntt,, iinn ootthheerr wwoorrdd nneewwaaddddiittiioonnaall ppoowweerr ppllaanntt ssttiillll uunnddeerr ccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn.. FFoorr tthhiissccoonnddiittiioonn tthheerree iiss aa lliimmiittaattiioonn ffoorr llooaadd ggrroowwtthh iinn oorrddeerr ttoommaattcchh tthhee ppoowweerr ppllaanntt ccaappaabbiilliittyy uupp ttoo yyeeaarr 22000044..NNoorrmmaallllyy yyeeaarrllyy ppeeaakk llooaadd ggrroowwtthh ooff JJaavvaa--BBaallii ssyysstteemm iiss55 %% ttoo 77 %% oorr wwee ccaann ssaayy bbaassee ppeeaakk llooaadd ggrrootthh iiss 66 %% ..

TTaabbllee--11

Description 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Installed capacity(MW)

Peak load(MW)

Growth (%)

18.096

13.041

6,6

18.096

13.868

6,3

18.608

14.282

3,0

19.466

14.920

4,5

19.466

15.113

-

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More clearly installed capacity for 2005 for each region is given below :

Table-2.Installed capacity in region 2005Description Region - 1 Region - 2 Region - 3 Region - 4

Installed Capacity (MW) 7,811.0 2,865.0 1,754.0 6,656.0

Peak Load ( MW ) 6,850.0 2,666.9 2,336.0 3,262.0

Distribution Transformer (MVA)

150/20 kV 14,589.0 4,475.0 4,413.0 6,190.0

70/20 kV 1,306.0 1,060.0 - 1,067.0

500/150 kV 7,500.0 4,666.0 2,166.0 4,000.0

150/70 kV 1,212.0 1,320.0 - 1,382.0

T/L 500 kV (Kms) 1,172.7 1,206.1 973.0 1,649.0

T/L 150 kV (Kms) 2,119.3 1,930.5 3,606.0 3,944.5

T/L 70 kV (Kms) 838.5 1,562.8 - 1,706.0

From this data we planed generation and transmission according to the energy demand and subject to policy and assumption given by PLN Pusat.

3. PLANNING ASSUMPTION

Starting from the National economic growth announced by government and elasticity ratio decided by PLN we do the energy consumption forecast and new additional power plant, transmission and substation according to the policy of PLN and energy growth depend on each region condition. We can say that the policy come from government and PLN (Top Down) and energy consumption forecast, new power plant, transmission and substation indicated by each region (Bottom Up).

3.1.ENERGY

Distribution energy planning with assumption peak load growth average for Distribution DKI Jaya & Tangerang 7,8 % per year, Distribution Jawa Barat 10,6 % per year , Distribution Jawa Tengah and DI Yogyakarta 8,6 % per year, Distribution Jawa Timur 8,4 % per year and Distribution Bali 11,9 % per year.

3.2.GENERATION

Generation expansion is based on the scenario high growth with the priority to solve supply electricity crisis , increased reserve capacity and fulfill reserve margin.

Generation expansion can be done with built own generator, Independent Power Producer (IPP) or buy excess power from captive generator but it will not caused reduce Capacity Factor and increased generation cost.

Generation expansion is decided from average energy sales growth 9,7 % per year and peak load growth

9,4 % per year this in accordance with demand from the household, industry ,comercial with the constraint first priority reliable system operation. Reliable operation can be fulfile with the generation reserve margin 30 % from the installed capacity every year.

Generation expansion is based on existing installed capacity, ongoing project and committed project.Generation expansion policy is based on the generation mix scenario between coal and natural gas.The objective for the Generation expansion to meet the demand at every condition throughout the year with Reserved Margin policy 30 % consist of :- Generation Maintenance- Seasonal Variation– Derating because many of our power plant has already in operation for 20 to 30 years.- FORAnad spinning reserved for daily operation at least 1 biggest unit (600 MW) during peak load The Expansion of new Fuel Oil power plant only for small scale system and or for serving rural electricity.

If expansion is really needed and can only fulfilled by Fuel Oil power plant it is implemented by rent (We do not invested) this means that PLN will not built new fuel oil power plant anymore.

3.3.TRANSMISSION

Transmission growth is based on the existing installed capacity , ongoing project and committed project. Policy for transmission expansion is to make a balance between generation and energy and load growth in each region , and also to solve bottleneck and increased system reliability.

Policy to built new substation (500 kV, 150 kV and 70 kV) is with the concept of unman substation . The objective of Transmission and substation expansion to meet transfer power from source to demand sideAlso good quality and security of electric power must be obtainedAnd also the investment should be minimum.

Transmission expansion for Java-Bali system is based on the assumption average peak load growth 9,4 % per year with the criteria maximum transformer and substation loading which is permited 70 % from th capacity. For Java-Bali system , maximum transformer capacity for one substation is 180 MVA (3x60 MVA) for 150 kV and 90 MVA (3x30MVA) for 70 kV. For transmission lines capacity is according to the system need and fulfilled criteria single contingency N-1.

4. PLANNING APPROACH

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Planning process is started with collecting existing network data and ongoing project, after that demand forecast is calculated as a result capacity balance of substation. And from this result it can be produced generation expansion plan based on reliability securitycriteria N-1 dan voltage regulation : 0,95 – 1,05 and network analysis load flow, short circuit, transient stability.

Network analysis will give a result on subtation and transmission expansion and form this expansion list we maka an investment program.

In the investment programs it contained list of project proposal and it must be follow up with decision funding scheme for implementation of the project .

Planning procedure in Java-Bali system is done by preparing planning forum with BAPEDA (Regional Planning Authority), Industry ,PLN Distribution, PLN Regional , as a result from this forum it producedLongterm load forecast .

Dengan mempertimbangkan economy dan reliability maka hasil dari longterm load forecast menghasilkan capacity balance juga pengembangan sistem tranmisi dan pembangkit.

Hasil dari pengembangan sistem adalah expansion generation , transmission dan distribution transformer. Kemudian pengembangan dari sistem investasi dilakukan dengan pencarian dana yaitu dari IBRD, ADB, JBIC,KE,APLN.

5. JAVA-BALI SYSTEM FOR THE NEXT 2006-2015

Energy Consumption 2005-2015

According to that assumption we know the energy up to 2015 as shown in this table Distribusi Jaya 26 TWh, Distribusi Jawa Barat 31 TWh ,Distribusi Jawa Tengah

12 TWh, Dist Jawa Timur 19 TWh , Bali 2 TWh .Totalenergy consumption for system Jawa Bali 2005 is 91 TWh in 2006 energy consumption is 98 TWh . Growth between year 2005 to 2006 is below 9% this is because delay in the operation of new power plant and associated transmission.Beginning on 2006 up to 2015 energy growth meet the elasticity and economic growth.

PPoowweerr BBaallaannccee SSyysstteemm JJaawwaa BBaalliiYYeeaarr 22000055 -- 22001144

As the results of this policy we get the need of power plant as shown this tableWe see in here is about 3000 MW every yearFrom table generation energy production give the result of generation expansion for Jawa Bali system from generation installed capacity 2005 is 18.096 MW the capacity will be increased on 2015 with 44.911 MW.As we see here to meet this demand we have to built in average 3.000 MW new power plant every year in Jawa Bali system and as the consequence of generation expansion , we need also expand transmission and substation.

The peak load in 2006 is 16,4 GW and will be increased on 2015 is about 38 GW that will need generation expansion per year with reserve margin 30% and spinning reserve policy 1 biggest unit.The generation also will transfer in 2005 is 100,8 TWh up to 236,8 TWh on 2015.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

1000

Jaya & Tangerang (TWh) 28.92 27.99 30.02 32.44 35.28 38.36 41.73 45.39 49.37 53.71 58.43

Jawa-Barat (TWh) 31.63 33.82 37.04 40.90 45.55 50.71 56.45 62.84 69.96 77.87 86.67

Jawa-Tengah (TWh) 12.83 13.31 14.34 15.56 17.01 18.59 20.33 22.22 24.28 26.54 28.95

Jawa-Timur (TWh) 19.35 20.08 21.64 23.49 25.71 28.12 30.84 33.74 36.99 40.56 44.45

Bali (TWh) 2.32 2.49 2.79 3.14 3.56 4.04 4.59 5.21 5.91 6.71 7.61

Total (TWh) 95.05 97.69 105.83 115.52 127.10 139.83 153.93 169.40 186.51 205.38 226.12

Growht % 5.10 2.8 8.3 9.2 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.1

Load Factor % 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73

Peak Load System MW 15,319 16,448 17,799 19,410 21,334 23,447 25,784 28,346 31,177 34,296 37,720

Growht % 2.7 7.4 8.2 9.1 9.9 9.9 10.0 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.0

DISTRIBUTION (TWh)

DESC. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

1000

Gross (TWh) 97.04 104.30 112.98 123.33 135.69 149.29 164.34 180.85 199.12 219.27 241.41

Growht (%) 1.09 7.48 8.33 9.16 10.02 10.02 10.08 10.05 10.10 10.12 10.10

Aux. S/S (TWh) 3.88 4.17 4.52 4.93 5.43 5.97 6.57 7.23 7.96 8.77 9.66

TRANSMISSION

Nett. (TWh) 93.16 100.12 108.46 118.40 130.27 143.32 157.77 173.62 191.15 210.50 231.75

Trans. Losses (TWh) 2.19 2.35 2.55 2.78 3.06 3.37 3.71 4.08 4.49 4.95 5.45

GENRATION

PLANNINGNAPPROACHPower Transmission Expantion Process

GENERATIONEXPANSION PLAN

DEMAND FORECAST

Network Data

NETWORK ANALYSIS

INVESTMENPROGRAM

CRITERIA :- Reliability Security N-1- Voltage Regulation : 0.95 – 1.05 pu

CAPACITYBALANCE of S/S

PROJECTPROPOSAL

FUNDING

- Existing- Ongoing

New S/S

New S/S&

Extention- Max Loading : 70 %

- Load Flow Analysis- Short Circuit Analysis- Transient Stability Analysis

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TRANSMISSION EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015

We have to built T/L and S/S in Jawa Bali system , 500 kV need 1.041 km in 2006 , we have many new T/L route to built which must be in operation on 2004, 2005 but until now not yet in operation because many social problem.Transformer expansion we expect in 2006, 500/150 kV Interbus Transformer 4.000 MVA and 150/70 kV 420 MVA will be in operation. No 70 kV transformer it means we did not expand 70 kV system.In the distribution site the transformer expansion for the next 10 year average 5.893 MVA per year.

All the new generation built connect to 500 kV subsystem. Substation expansion in 2006 is dominated for 150 kV s/s , in 70 kV system will not be expand.

6. SUMMARY

We can summaries Generation and Transmission planning , first we study the installed capacity condition according to the energy consumption forecast , the check the system generation to meet the demand load with spinning reserve 1 biggest unit , check all the system to supply energy consumption of Jawa Bali system. We minimise the investment cost to make regional balance.

Reference:

[1] PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur Beban Jawa Bali, Rencana Umum Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik Tahun 2006 - 2015 Sistem Tenaga Listrik Jawa Bali, Jakarta 2005.

[2] PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur Beban Jawa Bali, Projected Assessment of System Adequacy, Jakarta, 2004.

[3] PT PLN (Persero) Penyaluran dan Pusat Pengatur Beban Jawa Bali, Tinjauan Sistem Tenaga Listrik Jawa Bali tahun 2005 - 2009, Jakarta, 2004.

[4] PT PLN (Persero) Pusat, Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik 2006-2015 Sistem Kelistrikan Jawa Bali tahun , Jakarta, 2005.

Biography:

Ir.Singal Sihombing born in Tapanuli Graduated from Sekolah Tinggi Teknik Nasional, Cikini Raya, Jakarta. Currently working in PT PLN (Persero) P3B Jawa Bali as Manager of System Planning.

Ir. Indra Tjahja, M.Sc. born in Salatiga. Graduated S1 from Jurusan Teknik Elektro Institut Teknologi Bandung and S2 di University Manchester Institute of Technology, Inggris. Currently working in PT PLN (Persero) P3B Jawa Bali Kantor Induk in Planning Department asDeputi Manager for System Planning.

### 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

1860818096

19966

34311

26181

44911

40911

19466

2223623481

28651

31111

37411

23404

16158

36900

28027

33435

30515

25456

21343

1909018052

1574115025

14198

35432

29142

23986

19757

16652

14920

1385914178

15463

18072

21770

26443

32131

13041

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

MW

Installed Capacity

Load Supply Capability

Peak

(kms)

2005 Exist.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

500 kV 851 861 178 280 250 110 920 356 - - 444

150 kV 13,273 2,020 1,280 207 995 222 355 438 210 316 141

70 kV 397 702 58 - 218 64 - 26 22 172 30

(MVA)

2005 Exist.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

500/150 kV 15,500 3,498 3,000 - 1,000 500 2,500 2,000 2,000 1,500 3,000

150/70 kV 3,417 351 120 - - - - - - - -

150/20 kV 22,662 7,570 2,190 2,160 3,030 2,490 3,180 3,150 2,850 2,910 1,650

70/20 kV 2,941 960 80 60 90 160 190 150 150 30 200

(Unit)

2005 Exist.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

500 kV 18 6 0 2 3 3 2 5 3 5 3

150 kV 272 15 18 6 12 8 6 10 4 5 2

88 21 18 8 15 11 8 15 7 10 5

TRANSMISSION EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015

TRANSMISSION

TOTAL

TRANSFORMER

TRANSFORMER EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015

SUBSTATION EXPANSION PLAN 2006-2015

SUBSTATION