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expound /kspand/ - v - to give a detailed explanation of something (He's always

expounding on what's wrong with the world.)

recondite /rekndat/ - adj - not known about by many people and difficult to

understand (We had to work from material that was both complex and recondite.)

flushed /flt/ - adj - red in the face (You look a bit flushed - are you hot?)

animated /nmetd/ - adj - full of interest and energy (There was an extremely

animated discussion on the subject.)

incandescent /nkndesnt/ - adj - shining extremely bright (The mountain's

snow-white peak was incandescent against the blue sky.)

submit /sbmt/ - v - to allow another person or group to have power or authority

over you, or to accept something unwillingly (We protested about the changes for a

long time, but in the end we had to submit.)

trammel /trml/ - n -something impeding activity, progress, or freedom (thought

roams gracefully free of the trammels of precision.)

earnestness /nstns/ - n - quality of sincere interest, belief or opinion (We

admired his earnestness about that topic.)

fecundity /feknd

ti/ - n - productive or creative power (fecundity of the mind)

argumentative /jmenttv/ - adj - often arguing or wanting to argue (Don't

be so argumentative.)

plane /plen/ - n - in mathematics, a flat or level surface that continues in all

directions, ravnina (a topological plane has a concept of a linear path)

mere /m r/ - adj - used to emphasize that something is not large or important,

puko, isto (The plane crashed mere minutes after take-off.)

breadth /bred/ - n - the distance from one side to another, irina (The length of

this box is twice its breadth.)

instantaneous /nstntenis/ - adj - happening immediately, without any delay

(an instantaneous response)

pensive /pensv/ - adj - thinking in a quiet way, often with a serious expression on

your face (She became withdrawn and pensive, hardly speaking to anyone.)

infirmity /nfm

ti/ - n - illness, especially for long periods or because of old age(an advanced state of infirmity)

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incline to/towards sth /nklan/ - phrasal verb - to think that a belief or opinion is

probably correct (I incline to the view that peace can be achieved.)

latter /ltr/ - n - the second of two people, things or groups previously mentioned

(She offered me more money or a car and I chose the latter.)

intermittent /ntmtnt/ - adj - not happening regularly or continuously;

stopping and starting repeatedly or with periods in between (intermittent rain)

spasmodic /spzmdk/ - adj - happening suddenly for short periods of time and

not in a regular way (He made spasmodic attempts to clean up the house.)

accession /ksen/ - n - the time when someone starts a position of authority,

especially a king or queen (1926 was the year of Emperor Hirohito's accession to

the throne.)

expound /kspand/ - v - to give a detailed explanation of something (He's always

expounding on what's wrong with the world.)

knit /nt/ - v - to join together (The broken bone should begin to knit (together) in

a few days.)

lapse into sth /lps/ - phrasal verb - to start speaking or behaving in a less active

or acceptable way (No one could think of anything more to say, and the meeting

lapsed into silence.)

introspective /ntrspektv/ - adj - examining and considering your own ideas,

thoughts, and feelings, instead of talking to other people about them (She is

famous for her introspective songs about failed relationships.)

transitory /trnztri/ - adj - lasting for only a short time (the transitory nature

of life)

germ of sth /dm/ - n - a small amount, usually one that develops into something

large or important (He found the germ of an idea in an old newspaper.)

vague /ve/ - adj - not clearly expressed, known, described or decided (I do have a

vague memory of meeting her many years ago.)

inkling /kl/ - n - a feeling that something is true or likely to happen, although

you are not certain (I didn't have the slightest inkling that she was unhappy.)

exclaim /ksklem/ - v - to say or shout something suddenly because of surprise,

fear, pleasure, etc. ("You can't leave now!" she exclaimed.)

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content /kntent/ - v - to make someone feel happy and satisfied (You're quite

easily contented, aren't you?)

account /kant/ - n - a written or spoken description of an event (She gave a

thrilling account of her life in the jungle.)

erect /rekt/ - v - to build a building, wall, or other structure (The war memorial

was erected in 1950.)

humbug /hmb/ - n - dishonest talk, writing, or behaviour that is intended to

deceive people (the usual political humbug)

shuffle /fl / - v - to walk by pulling your feet slowly along the ground rather than

lifting them (I love shuffling through the fallen leaves.)

conjurer (also conjuror) /knd rr/ - n - a person who performs magic to

entertain people (Conjurer performed his trick.)

unaccountable /nkantbl / - adj - not able to be explained or understood (For

some unaccountable reason, he keeps his wallet in his underwear drawer.)

scatter /sktr/ - v - to cover a surface with things that are far apart and in no

particular arrangement (Scatter the powder around the plants.)

mantel /mnt

l/ - n - a shelf above a fireplace (She's got photographs of all hergrandchildren on the mantelpiece.)

sconce /skns/ - n - a device that is fixed to a wall to hold electric lights or candles

(The sconce is on the wall.)

conceive /knsiv/ - v - to imagine something (I think my uncle still conceives of

me as a four-year-old.)

adroit /drt/ - adj - very skilful and quick in the way you think or move (an

adroit reaction)

askew /skju/ - adj - not straight or level (Isn't that picture slightly askew?)

singularly /sjlli/ - adv - to an unusual degree (singularly beautiful)

retort /rtt/ - v - to answer someone quickly in an angry or funny way ("That

doesn't concern you!" she retorted.)

interminable /ntmnbl / - adj - continuing for too long and therefore boring or

annoying (an interminable delay)

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eddy /edi/ - v - If water, wind, smoke, etc. eddies, it moves fast in a circle (The

water eddied around in a whirlpool.)

stupor /stjupr/ - n - a state in which a person is almost unconscious and their

thoughts are not clear (He was lying under the table in a drunken stupor.)

stoop /stup/ - v - to bend the top half of the body forward and down (The doorway

was so low that we had to stoop to go through it.)

impartial /mp l/ - adj -not supporting any of the sides involved in an argument

(impartial advice)

threshold /rehld/ - n - the level or point at which you start to experience

something, or at which something starts to happen (I have a low/high boredom

threshold)

plausible /plzbl / - adj - seeming likely to be true, or able to be believed (a

plausible explanation)

queer /kw r/ - adj - strange, unusual, or not expected (What a queer thing to say!)

incredulous /nkredjls/ - adj - not wanting or not able to believe something, and

usually showing this (A few incredulous spectators watched on as Paterson,

ranked 23rd in the world, beat the champion.)

aloft /lft/ - adv - in the air or in a higher position (We held our glasses aloft.)

solemn /slm/ - adj - serious and without any humour (a solemn voice)

whim /wm/ - n - a sudden wish or idea, especially one that cannot be reasonably

explained (We booked the holiday on a whim.)

deportment /dptmnt/ - n - the way a person walks and stands (to have bad

deportment)

detain /dten/ - v - to delay someone for a short length of time (I'm sorry I'm late

- I was unavoidably detained.)

ingenious /ndinis/ - adj (of a person) very clever and skilful, or (of a thing)

cleverly made or planned and involving new ideas and methods (an ingenious

idea)

exposition /ekspzn/ - n - a clear and full explanation of an idea or theory (It

purports to be an exposition of Catholic social teaching.)

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plight /plat/ - n - an unpleasant condition, especially a serious, sad, or difficult

one (the plight of the poor)

ghastly /stli/ - adj - unpleasant and shocking (Today's newspaper gives all the

ghastly details of the murder.)

haggard /h d/ - adj - looking ill or tired, often with dark skin under the eyes

(He'd been drinking the night before and was looking a bit haggard.)

drawn /drn/ - adj - (usually of the face) very tired and showing suffering (She

looked pale and drawn after her ordeal.)

mutton /mtn/ - n - the meat from an adult sheep eaten as food (That mutton

was delicious)

tattered /ttd/ - adj - (especially of cloth or paper) badly torn (The flag was

tattered and threadbare.)

detest /dtest/ - v - to hate someone or something very much (I detest any kind of

cruelty.)

fervent /fvnt/ - adj - characterized by intense emotion (a fervent supporter of

the communist party)

eke sth out /ik/ - phrasal verb - to use something slowly or carefully because youonly have a small amount of it (There wasn't much food left, but we just managed

to eke it out.)

inquire (UK also enquire) /nkwa r/ - v - to ask for information (Shall I inquire

about the price of tickets?)

resort to sth /rzt/ - phrasal verb - to do something that you do not want to do

because you cannot find any other way of achieving something (I had to resort to

violence/threats to get my money.)

heaping /hip/ - adj - large (For less than $5, you get a sandwich, a heaping

helping of fries, and a soft drink.)

ridicule /rdkjul/ - n - unkind words or actions that make someone or something

look stupid (She was treated with scorn and ridicule by her colleagues when she

applied for the job.)

irreverent /revrnt/ - adj - not showing the expected respect for official,

important, or holy things (an irreverent comment)

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sheer / r/ - adj - used to emphasize how very great, important, or powerful a

quality or feeling is (The suggestion is sheer nonsense.)

attentive /ten.tv/ - adj - listening carefully (an attentive audience)

cease /sis/ - to stop something (Whether the protests will cease remains to be

seen.)

reel /r l/ - v - to walk, moving from side to side, looking like you are going to fall

(At closing time he reeled out of the bar and fell down on the pavement.)

hazy /hezi/ - adj - describes air or weather that is not clear, especially because of

heat (hazy sunshine)

grip /rp/ - v - to hold very tightly (The baby gripped my finger with her tiny

hand.)

traverse /trvs/ - v - to move or travel through an area (Stanley traversed the

continent from west to east.)

switchback /swtbk/ - n - a path, road, or railway that forms very sharp bends

from one direction to almost the opposite direction as it goes up and down steep

slopes (She felt sick after travelling on that switchback.)

headlong /hed.l/ - adj - with great speed or without thinking (The car skiddedand plunged headlong over the cliff.)

anticipation /ntspen/ - n - a feeling of excitement about something that is

going to happen in the near future (As with most pleasures, it's not so much the

experience itself as the anticipation that is enjoyable.)

imminent /mnnt/ - adj - coming or likely to happen very soon (imminent

disaster)

pace /pes/ - n - the speed at which someone or something moves, or with whichsomething happens or changes (a fast pace)

scaffolding /skfld/ - n - a structure of metal poles and wooden boards put

against a building for workers to stand on when they want to reach the higher

parts of the building, skela (Scaffolding has been erected around the tower and

repair work will start next week.)

succession /sksen/ - n - a number of similar events or people that happen, exist,

etc. after each other (A succession of scandals and revelations has underminedthe government over the past year.)

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luminous /lumns/ - adj - producing or reflecting bright light especially in the

dark (luminous clothing)

fluctuate /flktjuet/ - v - to change, especially continuously and between one level

or thing and another (Vegetable prices fluctuate according to the season.)

poignant /pnjnt/ - adj - causing or having a very sharp feeling of sadness (The

photograph awakens poignant memories of happier days.)

exhilaration /zlren/ - n - excitement and happiness

rudimentary /rudmentri/ - adj - basic (Her knowledge is still only

rudimentary.)

elusive /lusv/ - adj - difficult to describe, find, achieve, or remember (The

answers to these questions remain as elusive as ever.)

wintry /wntri/ - adj - typical of winter (It looks like this wintry weather is here to

stay.)

interstice /ntsts/ -n - a very small crack or space (The wall was old and

crumbling with plants growing in the interstices between the bricks.)

profound /prfand/ - adj - felt or experienced very strongly or in an extreme way

(His mother's death when he was aged six had a very profound effect on him.)

gust /st/ - n - a sudden strong wind (A sudden gust of wind blew his umbrella

inside out.)

colossal /klsl/ - adj - extremely large (In the centre of the hall stood a colossal

wooden statue, decorated in ivory and gold.)