€juun'rrrjenfiu rdanr:ar1:n$uudoraulu rznnr n nafl a
TRANSCRIPT
€JUUn'rrrJenfiu rdanr:ar1:"n$uudoraulu rznnr n nafl a
sosrJrcrrdlils
CONSERVATION FARMING SYSTEM IN THE UPTANDS
OF NORTHERN THAILAND
nr'hd ggia' ltatn6 raundrriTutie' ua: uaiuru iarf,uildv
nldr
tn:.rnr:r&rurdiu rdan,rr r rngntrrn ruf,o (Thai-Austrafia-World Bank Land De-veLopnent Project) ntu&nrrfittu oCnprJr =d.rri'1udrtiq"r,bnnfrrd1l r an r nrgnnirr.Ju rda.tfdTutn'triJt:turhilunrrrnr:rJ3nftdlilriotjrInrrrua:ftJrsRnsn1?i drudr#rd*na{ru r rin6urtl '1o6rlri+rarflnnr.r d-r6n1tfuroIoririothl'lrirfuldunonrr:'Iuahrgor:uo-rnr:rir' l jrdouaou
.rru'!dullti l.rurnua.!Inr.rfl1i.l r ululnlnlu r do.rnr rrrin r iorn{rifiti lsnrrgualnurdtralrrdl nr u i'o.r n.t r oo { o.rx,r rttrilra s r luun 1:rJ$nltlitqnr r lt]l,rlut1,lul{ qr lurona,rat Oanauvu
f 'Mfu'ludcltul nr r nr nbnnf{ttu rdsnr: r nyn:arn rufio 'kirrilnt:llnvr ta lrbnrr::wnr:lgnflri
rdonrtoy:-ni inul du r liurrfu}lyurnr r r darln:ruo.rfiuuao{r I Cunr r cir u ol fn6iu u n or}r
nrrq"ldJtcluthidfii{oouoiir{nrrrqon'a{!a0iirYlrtrlra'r$a!QrJdrrnunrurJrsnr: drrir.rrrnfiqir drynur.r!:'nr:dmra! r Aro r rlu
1. !nrnrnrC.rulurlrnriarnr:rJ6nn"trrfiu{firirfiura-ru,lSnr:filrir flan'rnrrreJ.ltnsuxfiid d.rrndnlur'tuxnr ufr.rd'tn"rr.ri iur dararrrpnrdrgtirar ua 'ilnunulun,r raRnnoR.!
2. Anin?,rrd,rr.l,) rn1unr:g'r.lhntr ua "vudaryrfinala=(nrtr!r;-rri.! (rdar guurfiuu
fiudiudg r zr t nrsnunrstflo ;an1r!atru!tulnoo.tfiri rf rlu-anatAnnan.t
3, nr rplriurilouto.r dfllr ! a.r n 1r1rl,r1riu r n rion.r: iil r dil.l'rir nunrn: lrhtq {unt r aA n r du
{u ua v u rJa.rrlun'rda dln gfirj
+. ltuvudaoudru'lurl;n4&drnJltda 'pnrr=a'r r'biir u un, dr rfllria rdrr n:nr r lududqo r a,rtlu:rlqur nr r rl: ir -rr{.r na r u !, o.r fiu r ra'r d
r"nln"uriT r Onttuuudirfinoud rulmic " riufiun ! nox gulu ua s0tfi rl ulldtry{E r rr.l d1 9 ttur riudar aa "at'quJr r unr.rr$r'ti1a'' urin-rnntlrlrrolSnlnuuranrrdnnrrdgniorrrrinnr:rdarlnrr
l/ lir tni.r r.l.t ua!i1nr r ddn.r rlnsanfiiu r sn 62 t --'
gd'|r.lrun1rdnln{ 1u}{l.!,1fi'l1l ! ?,n 7
!/ ffut*an" oi'arrownr rrfrr.ir ir ln:lnrrburdiy rdonrt r nrsnratn rrfo nrxr,hiu.ttliu
) c
a.rod.r.r12nrFr d{a1u1n":cuun.tr Onfidtg{u{l{driutair.riordo.luarlnuld,tSnrtrtrrnSurrtlu ac
it ai 'h'I; iu I t1nn1t rrJdulurJar' lo'uarurJr!n.lr !tJu:rrivrio.ri lr lr iCnganat rf r ' l i t ar -r dir.ro o.r ttr.r
tdarar uurnunonll!a{nuso.t rSarlrlaaa{ tl lan.l!!r|udnli2!!a:n,rrNr.l!t lr jr l lraiiu r?ildu iun
n ?'rrrd'rlrltn1un.r r furhdua an.r or q r flnar r:rlrrh 1rriuSratr 0rr-ritttuu5.r r0ug dr:nrionrtton
oor rrf in 5nfi leo gnri 'a"r -r ' lr i lngjr u
rfluduo!fulnurir 'hJ"jr iurnrdnorqrdoa 1 r dorln:rarnluud{ q1nn1rVfi ronfrlf i dr
dlaalnunrr yfrtiraaR nfirl't tdrJsnuutludh ndr r non.l ,, do u 1 nu r rnrdriru'lrJ lurle3rlulnr-rnrl
rbnrrdiu rdonr t r nvnrr ln ! fifio n*n&mdil li1riritru'rtrllnr:r$ort:rrru!gnfidd ! mrl idrrfu
iarwfrufinou l1o
1 . Uenftdnrs0nrl2,trtrr t, luu
2. rJSn s-l;r-ufirlun:firin r " gn rt.l 1ui!t rilonfirlr.luvfaftri rudouq4
3. tich n rrA os o-tfidtiurittuoJr.rrro rtlu{ rda r-nur r "rlula{aurrSliCnn
4. 1ii l l i .nJnnql&rurl 'r iuogjnaon rrar rrir?iqo riu\l-ta"
s . ldfdln6 iitu r4iarJo-rrlufilnr-rltu
6. nnn,tr 'Innrru Iaurwvrcr$io nnfirl{ id o.r'tu: vr.runI rrJgnfit lnrrr, lSarfid rr.rdolqn
oJr.r 'trf i*qrl n'rI ln!,rr!rYuArntJfnpluitr\ inrarfiut' la'r 'r lnrroolrr 'urrrf lurtrr 'taoo-l
nr rdnnr:!\uuudnou
r ondrrcrlud lrir.ru-rru6.rI Sn,r:rfuan r vuunr:!6nfldd rrnr odrruuf{oau draraunqrrro
a o r dua r liur rlvl Snr rrJlrlltd.r 1inir r ua"r a-,r.r il
n ,t:'ldf, t n::na n&ajanuud nau
InuiirlJfirinrv5radirr:9n'bJUgn1u::ruJenfillnllur,tu f oUqn r flufiridd or nund'r Sr-lqf,tjurin, rtlfl4iunOaa 1io !3n"nir a f ryn.r -rn'rfo r Fnrdrra"r'lnnnuriou a orJ6n s-rgrgllttn,rru ) r1-llrj}iiunrrrbnn tilr ogilur"uudfriiln,r -r r 11ru5fta otirl'l:finrrr arati o{ nr: rlnvryr!2 r nr: thrtlat r 3a iirU6nrqruriuurfuJrrli tnulsn,tr-lnnn!!rlt*rrAarolfidnr:gniirriourJ6no"rrli fid rrr tnrlr'hiaa li no"r rr i r i ld l r r i ro , r " rod r -a r
1trnrrr.rf{ 1 $dn.l t1{ CnSylnro.rlldnt o gn rtr urin " ti0n lunr nJ 6nr.qru r ,! rnrduu'r r nrrr.!d 2 ua: 3 trda-r6-rtyrsnafl,1r gnfirin r:garir da.rfhiltnriadu rrnsnrnJ3nfirinr"6arir:urlvJrrtnntld rialn aR n s o { ;r r'l jdug n n.r r
,rlr$ii t. trdr { r,lnrAn | }rF ara "innlniiurfo!,a.lnr.inr:9n iir 9 don tr!i{arsl#iriornrhnriT'r
Odgnnrrrrdl'[u: ;wr.Jqnfi drqtu t lluu
firhJ'odnrrar.lRntlf iJudo tnn. t l i t anrhndrr
rrFn ljnnlnlirl 1 n n . 7 1 j r
rirrN! (Dolichos lablab ) 520 2045 2a 337 a
drn'r 246 1970 71 363 a
sfraru - 1390 - 293 ab
strRd.r 440 848 40 275 a.bc
rJsrfio.r - 1207 - 268 abc
r t r rour (M 58) 277 2oo 58 234 bc
rtr 116o.r (dq,q I 349 357 49 230 bc
siurrl"$o" rf i i idfirrso{ ) 82 2980 3 2o2 bc
!,"1?1; (control) 203 5'12 26 r77 c
DMRT 5g
HI : iltl irfrurliuz
rr:rsd z. Dnslrnoo.rn'rt onfirint '6ndirrqru r I u*ifirioa aa6 nrir r (nn./'t;) '[u t curfr 'ro 2526-
2 527 n'm'] tnndaulsdlt{z o.l ne n td {-ruCnnc t ut
r:ruJgnfid
2526 rtradrrdr reur dir a'r rir r0ur Jrr
2527 !, ' r ' r o11 !J11 ?,1')
rcdu 310 295 26! 209
LSD 5? = 81
,1r1$d 3,
5 7
$dn.r rariRerf,dllrcurJn.t rlonftd,nlu ! tuuri.l.r 1 oo.to 2524-2525 frn1,
nono.rfldn'lOrlb .rdtud-t Cad.nj1.t $acd.! {aJ1u
firi$t n
a 2524
fiddd ar
t 2525
hnaAn fidrj0n rFeAn
t i " 1? (R . 258 )J . r? (R, 2sB)rirFd.r t'lln.lru 9 )d?Ad-r ( '1n 1! 9)r i r r lun t$ r r ro r 1 l rd2 r0u2 (M77)u12 l t { ' l ($2r r r * 1 } /d? r0u? ( M77)rftrir
r luun1nJSn$rdrtru r I trudd n r Or&ru r t{ttu d lJr .r
dr r0ur (M77)rft ua.rrh rouz ( M?7)dr ua.l
rir rour
dr ua.r
3 8 34084414 3 5
220 t 57
2 3 9 / 1 5 332r
9 2728
7 3
256
u 1 tg , t 2ti'l !
?r.l 2
u1 ' )
!r'l')
u 1 2
1 9 3 cL92c269b27 lb
202c
273b342a
t 2524
fi;dao.r
I 2525
Sni lr n fnirJnn
i:uJn,rrrjsnfidlr$r r luuddnrir&nr.rtiltrnjru rtrj.tiir.iu td T r ( R . 2 s 8 )r i r r ( R , 2 s 8 )iirAdr ('lmrtr 9 tfi,rad{ tlnu1u 9}rir rlvrn 1$r:srr 1y 7rir r 0u'l (M77 )r i r r lm 1$r : :u 1t rdr r0ur ( M77)rfr rf'r
ifr r0u'r (M?z)tfruorrl1 !!ur (M77)dfr l.!o-r
rfr r0sr ( ltzz)
tfl trn.l
1841 5 4321+307
2 5 0 / 9 5
2 5 0 / 9 91 9 3
1 0
499 1
4 3
1 0 3
o 1 1?,.t Iu ' t ?u.l ?
? ' 1 2
168b201b368 a416a
42'�1a
399a417a
o,t I
! , ' l ' l
1 . 2 5 2 4
Ortdno.r
t 25259|?]|rrn aRriAn flti gn !FEAn
::rarnr lJgnfciddnrih&anfltuJru ('I6i u?iU ! da;v{o d rr+l zo nn.r.lir; 1 r ( R . 2 5 8 )r i r r ( R , 2 5 8 )rl?Ad.r {'lynr,lu 9)drRdr tlnriru 9rr i r r ' iy rn (drrn 1)rdr rgu2 (M77);r 2lrr, ({trrfl 1)/tYr rOur (M77 )rft rlr
7'17 dr r0ur136 rf?ua.r238 dr r0ur263 drun-r
449 /99 d,r rOur
465/114 dr uo . r1 4 5
( M ? 7 ) 2 156
(t17X ) 6 573L
( t477) ss
1 0 3
u 1 1u , l 2!, '12u ' t ?
u' l ' )
? ' 11? .12
263b199b307 a344a
383a
322a
drr 0o
2524 r{r; ( R. 258) or!,, rfru rf{urUr"rrnir{ui' orurii'u nouduo.r iatJ r r udr
110 trrrfiu r durnnr I r 11ou4 nr ll.t
DMRT 5g
5 8
,raoa{n.lrroaa{ rlrdrd rid'trir fullriofisa-r iir rf run: atr rduriafirtdu6nnt,var drrirfi.r
do.!fin.lr!clr!!hrllnnrrdrriui d'nr$.lrtrrr' ua o lriqna.l r: I uririnrrnr r 6.rd1ir]'nnlnr,#-rn: -r iru$.rri6a
drorqrflr.rnr:r"rirulurjuorJ.nalnuri-rd'ta"rfiu'birdosS.r u idinw uo = e ''trieallr.r.r nnir rdotlir r0u
CdQnQtrtlu { prrunv r dtrnno\J )
t!r ^J9nfidn'rrr$acfid rudalqg ilnsyraotjr o.nnrionr r'biaaahn?"r'r unrl'lotjr.r rdu air
Ad.runc;rrlr,ia nrra"rudr r0urvfodrun.r rrwdrflr.rrh !!rrt.uo-rnr tr.Jenfidrqru rloudthrir-rn1ll r g.r
lftdtt rda.rcrntirarhndoru'bi:rnrtl
a - , u . l -
nlttntll;nuauillg?nn tunu
n1rfn!'rrJ3!,rs.orlyrsrifnp'triagi1,t-tr'rivdrilro1n ririqryund'r/i'ru'[unr: i"nsr rYnuatrlunr r
rEnuo.tlluurdnol rv4drfirg rdo.tr.rrarn fr,llrf JCnqndiruth uJ r1.nJ;-rlar.r d:i.rrn.! nlumt{o o.! ttu
(!r"t Jlrinr.rd;'r.rarvrjr||.u nr rr.rd'trtr:n1unr r:-urJrch$a: nr rrd rrr:n1unr t {rnr r rd! t urilxnT
u{niir 1 'trJfillo " r cJfufh,irnolqrio tiunf ri{np'Iultuogld1rnr "
iuludlt{rjr5udo.r a 'oiunf tifnlof tui.rr 4-6% {u9o:;d'r.-r organi.c c + N rJr+rT&
7 . ' 7 5 - 2 . 6 5 % l
qr nnr rl r ar r ofrt\u1udfud r darilnr!$n rrl r rsdr d r ru'h"rfludildtir rir lenic" rfl!'Jr&u
do-r ) lurJ: ! !nri-h'rutieradr,ritY{d
c + N tOuntridn! %
{ I n utlr !!'t r* )
dirfl r d or tn *r
Cnrd r dollyr*.r
dfur{JrdirrlJr
(v{n . 1)(vm. 2 )
l r m . 1 )
{ n . 2 )
7 . 2 7
1 . 9 8
3 . 8 7
4 , 2 9
0 . 5 5
0 . 9 0
7 . 7 5
1 . 9 0
dn:.1n.l ida,rudfrsoralrsridnlduagidu.tt lr.rn{diag;$;!t l $acnrrdnnrrr'vr.r.rdtr}fr*l
r tcrJin dnrrnrrdnrulirfna::rorFr' lu::urfi dr$J*rrsaunfJCnp{.r ua:n: naarlu r rat riorr
qr nda rmJr lunfriCnllufl lr: naa r 0.g,6 to.?A C) rdor'.n,rr r Hrdrfi lu::ur'r.rnr 4rn ron un'ao
Fnn.e 1% {0.4% C) 'hd'l.r i$rnsa.rnr r r 'rsrl8n r dacunfriCngluftu r uE o rirn'jr 4% t7.6% cl
dnrrn 1rda1u dh c v $ga o ,'46 c riolrd{:au!,o{n,r r !li1rle n ua " r doiun ! ridngluttu r ut oagjri'rn'jr
3% 17. C) dnr'rn'rrdn'rurirqlnan.r !x6a rrtr.)sL to.1% c don 1uflf i 1 qrlrdn.rrs/fuoo.ri 'r i l
or iuar.rgoriullfidloo.r ln rrnr rr$wrflllu rdanr r r nun:ara rrrio d.rli '.nr:1n ronfhrurr.rr r 0u
l !U! !?n1n' l . l . l du
59
- \ n
F
2 - 2
r .o
€q
5 7 9
t 3ri ur uilnr uun"r nr :qn rin
trjfi t. udornrrtrJsuu!fiu! Jtrloriun iJta1, t% ct loihluudfudao!.luara rnio ,t1ur.td.rq1nn.tryn ronrronndufi\J r0l*u: r rnriir{ 1 rlu
l,darvrdirfi r0nn'mr I rr,ir:Uqna: rfluhJlri-la' ..ac}i{nr u dr rfludqcfn* r:dlvlr.nf Jfnp1'ia6ilu r nori6r r Jur 6urdu r daogia.rulfidarmir ar rrdlr$rjr ru.jr r:;ryuOurgifnplulturluesirRnsa{fid rJ.r'lrior qdtlnlir ri: sdu'lo q i r0!?a,! nitt
a1n i sdunl rd1uoT,,l!n,ln! Clrnn ror:rjrs reu'lirr thr{CuntJ{ro !ilu{ 3% 17.5%c + Nr fr rfiu rvrodn:ltln'rnr r rvrr d3n'lo"rfluorir rt (Dabin, 1964) drnr udrftrir ov.ir.'raarAnfidrn: r r diust pnr it ol'luf\r.ruul,iaaunt I s,] n ! f,o?o-trJr! lnri'ttu tnuuda.r'tr-.lurrJd 2
l 'r:Ivlo o- nn.L.rrj. t't'ro- t { . tn1
t 7
3@3
600
5 0 0
400
300
200
rooo
o I l5 t.5 t.7
ltirrno'unidnr fiau ( *).9 r. l t.3 t.5 t.7
ltirroo'unifnr {uau ( *)'rrJfl 2. uAn'rnrrrdlrftri::'r.r'ir.r::dfual iuouluilsriJea(inrir r tvioua's",r r 1u*rda'rn rufio o 2526
(tlrJ'r Northern Upland Agricul-tule, 1995)
o o ? .
60
r danuduruisurSrifnltJ::rr* 3 . 5 - 4 . (% ( 1 . 4- 1 . 6 t c) dntrn'rrdalud?q3r0ll 0.5%
to. t do6 lunr:fia" fnvr: 'divcun!ricnqrdlfrno rfiu{rianl r rr,{rorlgnog rdraluuria "0a"rio.r
1did.r nfilf{npudrnlh ! vN1 v drlit o fdA Aurir5du 1 lrdntr B -10 Clu/ronuni
n't:ia$n"ufirilillnu
nr rdnnr rlluuutioou1l-r r ana ra r uiauanqrnrc;'o{ r'nvt: "rluoa.rcrnf tifnq 1ui'\r 1i r u:.r r "
drluir cr rfluq'rio.rinr rJo.r fiuArnirftu 1rirflon'rrri'n'r-rr{-:rnruuacdatt:tlr.rdnihrlurr ud"r u an
rJr:ludi'Iunr:f i{dqrnqr!\ufi l loaotiruaanlrrrrlnso{Cli l{t i draovn,ogirdr.rorr 1uq6J6nfidi 'rf irrnir
ltuil i lJnasrofr.rurrir ' I: n'r:: our noa{ frlf ir lf ia osnriaua { r;rf iu
h 5!fi 3 $da { fi { sr.r1r.n'r r dq I F uiuua "ir'luatjr a T ndu*i riudh rm.ulda oulut'r n ! xfi a
n r u}inr rdanr rir.r 1 rdarJ6nJrr-tiua'r ' ir id.c
n10d.r! ' 12 t :
t0 1 R: . t RO
ln z n:l !f1o t n : ' l *nonq nu sL
1r'1n * nonaxiu s L
R O
o o oo o oo o o( \ 1 9 ( 0
o oo o
R Oq l
RO
RO
o o oo o o3 3 3r-r liilx;IZIJ nl r4q( dunu
13/ r anunf
nn./rdn!(nf
3Ufi s. ansnaua-rnrrdanrtituuuvrirr t dfir ionr:de r nsiullnoJr' l aJ'r rdarJgna"rrl iua"tir id.r
qo rnu'jr l Snr r-txi ' lrvrr ?u $a:tSnrr-ln 1 air :rrf i inr i ldCdanprAu {vh.rJrr dn:r
3 fiu/ronlni) uria cl5qcyf,t ihnrr$ry r F uftuua virluaJrriornr r rda rrJfuu rftwr' iul S nr t ' lnr,i: ru
lnu'lr iF{dflaertlu I Snr:dlnvrrruarutidarvnr rnanardnusrrsctMu rdorioue, r drnt rrnaoliou
riiorhurrf ,rdn dlifiduireir n ruAa r ra'rrtu 1ridrln rnngr0ruri, ttu'kiotirr rfluryra cr rfiun-a-r!nr r 1;i
{d4n3ritu rdaJo r rluh rurir 6u r fluflrjr r 6trat u1r: ouunl trJ 3nfidl nudlnr,i: ru-lrirlt = dvnr udr r f q
r r i r f ia r r ' [u r ! ,narar l f ,o r . rn rn#1a-1r i r0u t {v ro lq . f r rd rdar r rq rndr rupdo{ rJ :sn1t i J : !nTrurn
n r t ' tJur nru4r{tlf i t l lr i-t i ' ln r f lrri rJ::nrrddo-r l l lvl l l inau rflnnrtdnrhotirrtrn tFrcrtf lui 'orf,nr:' lnnrrurflunirnrrr
,donair nr rl,nn uriurrrao.rriu (Northern upland Agricul-tune, 1986)
6 1
rn! rdoaanl rrunruArnir!\u or q kln:,r adrj!.r'lnfirfirnrn r:'[r]'1nqrr uritSdlJrntrda r o"r'hseil
.c'ru't dt uo.rint{ntr rrnou rdor.ra-r' ludnujud.rnrr1r}ntradrlIr!runnzu4lCrMri' la"riaur,n
iun*'tlt*itiJ6nJrr rir tlr{r r Jr r nqlftr.r q orir ur]nrJo.r irrrir au}ild6n udrfiorlgnri.rr
nr: 'I&,i ' t.tr irrrf i lrCd4aqrilua:rfi irartlrdu.lrionrrri,"rrfsluuo{Isa!ta:[lta{lfngfiri r"d q a6rnuti
r. lr; ludiraru'U::n'rt o'r?l! l iu rJordusrlJ=r:aar rFnlJu d.rqoannrrd;iT{r4{flaruaa.lt iuriru uan
qr ndrl.r r SutrilJo.r rlln r rrrrir rn"r rn " gwnlda.l iu6.r r fir\.ln"r u
r.tru1nd1ir!oo{ {d?nqrftudo Jor rfr.r0 rr.nir ltuua " riuna-,rfid1ur r u r u ina o.rn r r r ltr\ nriou
rnirfifitiac r alrp r hrlrdn:.r1iraqrltu lurh.rr-rd.r{dqnqrriuo1qc e !fllrinJdr I n'lunr: rh{n Crifirj il'rfiu
r doirdfi.r ihi$R"z (!r!!1$. 30 C ) | rrunsn ro1n.t: nalCdqra6rltu r u;irda t 1u!\ur,&:drirnr r rir{a
drJfiriraufll;'
n1i rniuilnuuuul4ulu
I nrrntn rufi{nor'tC'ururrntJ': Snt: r nfurlau$uulru,tu rdonr: nrr:rJgn Iruq:d11 ;uq?
r]unrurdrdunnafru:n rit r nvn rn rrfrlud.rut c rlard r yr.lr, dll ln ulJln q.tu.n!a aav qrdrlrrnndv
nirnudru,riri iol lnutunrurfia!\uiaulrn Arlrirf iud-rslur"da" r0urJr"iuri i l larurJ::nr: or?r
1. r$irnr rrdrrr rnaar nr r: 'ur1.r-lulurir.r ri lq4
2. rryd.rrrurtfnriuuArrniriudula:"arrioriruur{'Urnrua.r rFndu rarthuaanrrrJoa"r+{.r
ra.luuo-tr\!a-r
3. 1lriulif i l a: -r d s"r rf lu q:drolrinrrdaruChrJnmlaous.lf la.lxlrdd! d.lrJ:onr:da"i
n? 1xd"rdryr.rn1 rlru,l
r dalJ't S n r r r ns url luuuvuuruJ rrdun r srl6dtl6r uriri lq4 rriu nr:rJ6ntirr\nou#3.rr"
iaadruazu4rnr:rlca'r-tli.!rnrugoiriuhdrrfk4rifi.rr1r'li'riuotir.ril d'lrlfirnr lJ6nrir rdl q3r.J6n o r n
"toonr.,r ot r a o , of ult\uuuvyurv rdorJ6nlldn::gn iir riou rJu rirdr ua"r 6.nJ gnrir rtlr.rd.r I n u'tri1n
frr.fign urildoria udr iir rdolJtirn rfluddqraqlar1;rfr.,d1? r,r.rudlo"rarlJrfi.rna 1qd'.c !!da {'t;'t
1111-rfi 4
nr:rsf, a. insvrn aa.r ii,: rirfhJ6n rflrfitlurn lnqririrur,lr.r)ddrio'rar|hnso{r"rr1i*.t8nnTr
anarhna'rr {nn. / ' t; )
l S n l t q . lJ1u a . gnrttnri rcdu
6 7
1 .
2 .
3 .
rJ6 n Jr r't i"triftir ; r
1n n ar rir a'r r flug ufidd n
0aorrir tf r rir rfl ufdqr n4ltiu
3!2 4ta 426
458 362 515
3 9 4 3 ? 1 5 5 8
272 223 269 277 296
7a2 163 379 384 3s7
202 394 325 336 363
, )L '
4 1 8
323
6 2
nr:'ldf, ilJennEilfiubiurufi 6ntu::uvrJ6nfidd.rlnr:rnrnlsnoJrrrioldarnnonqg fi-tr " t uthifi.r 1uu jrJ,l uJo { rtu0 rui,r
llr ua : n ru 4uJ trr orcrMrl nTnJ6nfitrlurirljaruqg'lriira'rflufirin.rrlufothi!r.rdarq4inrrufrftrrlr.r
r ilurrfunr nJgnfir urir Clqgdu fidd.r n.rrlrvqotl.tl:rvuftn"; rJu rirnrrfi r.rf orh!c[o:
tlurxjRnf, t ri8nra+:hli
lurJr.r 10 Odriru.r.r I n: -rnr:rbnrrdru rdon,r r r nrynrrl n ruqa }irfinr :6nur un :nadau
I'tJuuugo-t::wnr:rjgnftdrdanrtolrh{ drifng!t:d.r i r do rfu i-r da,r r:nr: r dorlm', ' jo{ tua1u.[rit rvunr njgnfirl r l lur ltnriodu4n0 unorg;r/lnlary{?,a.!nrrtFnfit iaatiofuuy'ruS,ruddun.lt i. ldl:ruu
nr:rJgnfidor r*firo'r r1i riufidva-n ua:u"rrfua rfiufitludn d'. r'! r !rrt.,n1nj0nfitlro.lr rf uud.rlJr rrfl udn ar q!fi.t n r rrJ6 nrir rrn€ nru.rd-rfid1J udo uSol8n"'lzddurhrfidnt"6ndirrir.r 1 0rr'10 r.rdnnrrdru5ruuort'rrunrrrJ3nfit irdanrrolr-n{rur.rrJr onr r r Ju
- rAorrugnfid ryrl! luu d-r1;rdur 6auo.rfidr.rSaiunfri{npgr rdl rirrlyro i ir$d.ri it r0ur drrir drnrrfi drr'ua,
- tL ivr u6aaorflri r& r,{r rr"r ra4rlu rdarJnrJ"atarnr'.r Au ( aonr rric n'r .!},y.tnar u fnu,r
arrrdu Jrunrrronso.r r,rJFaua; rf lunr: rl irolnsrilnlt iurim t
- gnfir\irrdall5ofitin r =9a rtr riour.J6 nz"r,r -tr d-r riufittydn tlrir.ra rJu riur ftunr nJ 6nfid
4n.l luu l1o rfi ir lulnr i qr.r r$Lriur.rgrjfnl d:'rrdrlnrjza.r C:N ratio)
r rurnJgnftrJf{rru'r r'tr.r'ara 5lunr nJgnddrdur'r r 1o'rrri u"rrIfla rudorn'rurirril s-lrtyia
rudorn"rutir r Our tir r tyrn r udalra'r uatrl: lra ! di?Ad{ | fidala'r s ril!: ttac dirAd{nr!n'rudr r0ur
(1) u-,1r Inr ! gdarJo"r u lt l ri-nrfartr r 0or 1ut ouudarrlgno"r rfuan'r.rqpdu { ! flauyrqrrl.r nr.lxsai{u1uu durhnltrrsr}rr-hr t uirrJgnd'l drnrurd.r rdo 60-?0 Cu inul Sthr-nt ori.r r5uu6l
:ou'ir{unrt/o.t;1rly{, nFo!l!!,1.r. 20-30 fu riourfiurl iurg-rrlyia dfrn r rf lufiddnouduor rioJr.r
$d{ q ! aannofll'una,l .t | ,lor.lFn,r a! fi.nJ Sndr drdr rr r nru'trJ-tn'it na r..r r fi ay6{r,rr rot iauf{qaerAnlr:
nna. l
d'ta'd?,'otlun r Lr! r onr r fia'titirnrlnuri.r oo.t r rlv r y6ouo.trhi$.1 npiuua:nruprCrMti'laiilurirl.rf ir ia r 6uagir'r.r rdu 1un,rr rf iu r dur aaaRndr r 0un''a.r n r ryfrrio rdolfiuuarunir iru,,ugd,nvnrntq'.n,2sr,'r nd'roulhjon dr r Our rudar.rri,ru"r rr?iaun aaai#.r do.rrioalna'r iur dg uriiir r 0ur r filr tlue-trii'r unir arnnr nndotnlrfiir nr rft rdatlunudrn'r fivrurr-ln'r.ia r0lflJrna.lq
(2) : ir 6d.r nrra"r u dtr r0ur rorrurtrhdrrdrr0ur rfrur,rd.r1u: 'utnlgnfttJfi.r rl |r. laarlnr.rnrrr nr rldr ouudq:rfrluhu r du.! rianr: gnri: a'r.lr{.lnnr u'luJr rydr a r nnr r r fiu r dur f[ Ad-r gn-r r;!r 6u$riqcthlrnrtr hd-r riuld4nlliulurtr r durdl.lSnnrrvd.r'rr lsnr rfiuu:rJrtir rwntnl[r1iafflothrin r ofl ..a "rJ 6nriz r Oul'h.riflr fiu rduriirid.r 'Itiu r.r r lurfldncdfid tolnurnjxionldunrrnr.r!
ct0u uir 1?hir n ii? hd{aqlris
6 3
,rar'rdi o. insnaua.r fuJgniir drfl&rior.rnaAniirritra:u-rr'tr'y'dgn'Iroio!r t nollil nl,!t rufrt{
aarindroir ur. . nrir;irurfu anaRnu'rr'l i t nn . t'Ii tCuJsnifr rir- n n . / t r nn . r ' t i No Ng rcdo
222 225 224
204 2r3 2AA
16t+ 235 199
228 203 216
1 9 4 1 9 6 1 9 5
191 225 204
64 91 77
146 98 !2 r
LSD 5S = 64
r rdu 77 ' l 186
LsD 5t = 21
t s t rfrRdr rvdorrir udr:r= ua' ua't ir r ,o, udora"r udrro,rs c i ar{nr rr ' lo"tlnyl r crlu
itrid.rI i irrouoovrxn1uO I Sn 15 !,o.! r =lrudfiorJgn iirr "ira: nr uudr ar nrJ6nri ': i d r '1n- 15 fu '[t]tcu:
;1{ 1.5-2.0 rrnr rirr"uarfinrr r hul nrhrrnla, rorbmnr -r{rduluottlo rf iurdurdrEd.rvrofi r"r.ru
da o linr nJo r riln r uri.r ttu'ln" r tua tir.r ll urido r 6afisrtrr' us c q crfrlulrJn!Anfid!!rnsaa.rori.r.ri{ud'1/ru
n1{dllh ( n'ryr.!f1 6)
, 'r i 'rrtf i 6. gdn.rnlr ! r iE u! rf iur.raar.rinrir 6d.r un c i ir rdur rdorjgn rflrJfir irt lurdu rdoli irroros rflu
fitludr.r
raarRnrir r 0ur (nn. /'t; )r{ufiirr"ua= fiti r rlu? firi rvdorqn LSD 5?
22/6
7 / 7
2 2 / 7
23/8
1 /9
22/9
7 /10
132 bc
140 bc
175 abc
135 bc
1 8 5 a
1 1 0 c
1 0 d
2 9 d
DMRT 5%
460
1 0 0 0
760
640
480
290
3 0
4 0
ICP 7035
uQ 34
uQ 4738
1 8 9
73'�1
1 9 5
727
76
1,7I
18
49
9 5
!.lnarRnrtlRd{ {nn. / '1r )
uQ 34
uQ 4738
343
3 1 1
146
206
2 5 5
5 2
4 L
9 8
6 4
oJr.rlrfinrr 'lu::uurir rb,ra ldu" uoo 1ri1o'm.nln;ur rh n rir r !r rflut owdrh arlar{6ali, r "rJ6nrirl"uo o rfi ufi tl rudorlqg'lu: :tnnJ6nfirlr,qnl luu ( nr :r td 9 t
.n1{Int{n1r.1 1if invr f luur.rzar n1116nfkM{ !lu fn u.kl: vuu nr:Ugnfidryt n sir r 1urla3rlufl drraodr d.r'kin'r r 0u.r rr+r'r rf lurrar 4 {ua-r qrnranr:nnao{d1v-rfiuirqrd,u-rlrnfnv.
t!riunlrrnnfidaa'l i ln"lauorrtj:ouunllJBrif itrx{u!tur,f{!!r!1scrr' lrJn,rrf in,Jrd aaahnu',1r l iaaa -l
odr.r:rarFrirurk#dar riunlu,r $ri(aaRrfi?idulur,uur.qu r I uun.r d.r oilur v flu $.r {nrrr.r?i ?)
mnud z. r: lun1llgnfidrluourr lud fkisrr 1 ri t c.lndauJrSuco.r t f l o.dr a. l iru
t 3 ? J c ! 1 a 1
a a r i n l n n . / r a n s n f )
C/BB C/BBRiceP/MB
l(1Ce
P /PPC/PP
r-Jgna"r r
rn0
2526
2 5 2 7
2528
2529
5 - B
2 7 2 0
i{40
460
( 1 t
1 2 )
{ 3 )
( 4 J
3870 t 7 3a
3500 /440
( ty{ t}fl J
3'140 137 0
a orJ gnri-r r1i rdaradar,{nr lr-tu
rlnhJo r-+
38 90 /740
149 0
15 30 /540
2730
rO7 0 t 23O
37 20rt
c = t " r r ty in , P = i i rFd- r , pP = dr l r ! ! !E ' , MB = d i r r0 ! r .
rtr lnif iurdurrirrolo' urivruirnr: r rlrynr rvr:.r{rf irrn
BB = dr rl,l
rlul{ailndauiilunt:ilnnf, ilJufr naulurhruTu'IuO 2528 i4,t.rtnrtnli-l 1o"r illlnvr l1.r t cuuJ6nfiduvu1nid.rfiu",t r rfiufidrdn Iauorr(u
u"ogsarnr ouvd}innr rfirun"r n'r:finvrd'trin'r1r.r6rtluar uuJ.r d.riu'r rrJgn€ rr-r.riugaln€ laufrfira.r!fir\lufiddn (nrrr.rf{ ,+) d{ c,fi r rly r y6ou a.rfitta tir .trio rfiu.rif.r'lnirda r.tr'.tunr rr $l B d..u:-ufidCrn , th{r I u-r r n 6r urla.l ludn t 1 3 dyr.r / ranuni
drrr-ua"oxnrnr&nrrndld g uri.l l lo 1u q.Jru n.gntttni ua, a. rvrdryrd }iuda-r1r-'Iunr rr.rf{ 9
r.i: "rr*innln urirdq s'la-r rn$eia:fid tilrlj rr.rdutl 2 ryuTranunf , lirrfr 5 fiurranunf , drF i . r 4 dhr / ranuni , dr r0ur 3 dul ranunf , o ' r r ly io 8 r1 l / ranrn i . r i r r ruo,8 rYulronuni, v,h I o'r rdnqr uuar 3 ryl/ranuni
li{hjrdu'h1,uo'oga{nd'tiuri aar8nar nfr.rflr rir { jn ronrr&arrlJun-r 16 O U6ng{jrlrmrurloa udtl.r'tri r auon'ly,l! ',1 t 1a'$.r nirfirfidlyn r on'Ivri d.r d,r rvFa.rqrrlrlnarlrrlururzuoo.rdaryrutaabr r fi nJ.rvir lti.r 1w.r rfrrflua c n.l iyf Ta 1 u ?, a { un
6 5
q.|r'r\ti s. rlr! r fluu1'vrlnlri'r rra,iuvrstnr ivaudq 3'1n"r'l nr 3uujSnfidvlu t Iuu {tYu/!En[e]f )
c d 1 nd ,2 r eRu urr\ri nr rrQnNAuVrt).s o i A !
r !!rrn.r rdOnfid
1. r.l6nu"r rqn0 ,rr rnSuld#
z. r.J6nrir r4n€ fi dir n'r r ffujufil] d n{nfllrlh'r}
-In 2 ni't
a. rJ!0i r.rll t 'ud z rrd 6nrirrI a u'txJlarv{r ?'t-i
+A ilrFdr Idh r0ur+a4$v'h l
4B lgntil1$!!n fin tfiulr
sA rlrrlrrnti ir r0u?+nq 1.r
sn iirn'rlrirr' l i
6A iir rfrl rir r lno+nqlr"lr.r
og dr n'r r ti'r r'1i
7A J'rrlvrn I li l iouEr+nerlrh l
lB;1r1 i f t i rndr&r$s,
2 0 . 8 1 . 5 0 . 6 L . ' 7 5
1 0 4 . 0 1 0 4 . 0 1 0
19
4 . 0 1 0 4 . 0 1 0
4 . 0 0 . 8
0 . 8
5 , 2 1 0 4 . 0 1 1 . 5
6 . q 1 0 4 . 0 1 3
4 . 6
5 . 2
4 . 2'1 .6 0 . 5
4 . 7 n a q . r
4 .0 n - r f {
l+ .0 n{fr
n# udagilu
r !dl'!9f 'r
1 0
6du
6du
fidu
n'tt1\!i 9.t antJFni1n! suun'l trJonfirturdnaufilvra (nl 'r ld g t arn 3 dild
rlaruRn nn. /1i
:vtn-rnrtrJ6nfit i ' q .anttlnri(yol . r n' l )
q. L trtJ tlJ Itr"
tv f f , ' I r !
)
q . r u(yrn . In1 )
r. !J'r rti r errdrrd
z. rjr r 1j n'r rsd.r li? tr"r {1n)
3. u"r r'I iftl r n iir ri rnq r
+A r t rAd.r tdr r0urr+B s"re1i r urduf{
5A u"rrlvialdir rdur
58 s"Trlinrurdrfhrir
64 Jr rInnnrrn4d c dir tir
6s 0'rr'linr vd-rfir tir
7A ti"'r r I vlo I rir !: $a :
7e rir r 1dfitl,r n iir rl, ua "
349
418
411
326 l71a
429
6 5 8 / 9 9
486
7 2 3
496'168 t -
430
244
2 1 7
3 1 5
3 0 2 / 1 3 5
2 6 2
7a7 t 121
307
4II
348'70a / -
2 9 2
238r.
257r1
246 i !
725 t765
2 5 9:."
7 3 4 / 1 3 9
255 ' t
5 6 5
' / 5 9 t -
297r.
33l-g1 u{ aarlfuliirr " ua" rJr'lrjtni fu r dur
* 0nunYl'm'r uNln (30% )
6 6
:suunmilenfi afi fi iirrTnn rf, ufi araii'n
l',.lqFriular-rn'r'6*flir rdonr t r nvntar n rvfio 'lo"zur ufrrffi{dltnr r'[dd.r ar n rr0o
nouir rd-r rrr6-rdud, gr n"o un ' o.uidon nAnreurri6n tir r rrrnrru' ' n $a!.ruo 2528 yrrrtnrrnr:r
1o"r illlnvr: cvr.nJ 6nfirid{is"r r l?ra rfiufidr-rdn d.r!trtinv rduaryld
- r'l6nu"r rlvra 1,i fiailnqufl 1 nr.r raaJ6ndr rufi ar rudor r don-r rrnnartl 60 cl iir ru6o.ra: r e}ry r Flfln r urd.r r fiu r fiu rtir r llrn
- r:ur.rfitir.qtu r Suuldn rJ6nrir6d-r r lio'nrqvar nr sa" r fiu rdur "iu !fioua{r.t,tn! uSarluuruu rrnfir 'd6nriz r 16o r i i ' :nTrfi ugarirrir rnud'ronrrr.r 1,hirniir6drnqrurJn{ d.Mfun,r,a r l qrr.r dtifitildu I n r"riantztl
- rlg n rir rirso itr n1?fi'Iu! fio y{qnn,rnr r doft}rfru{unOa'lirfur'r r l'ra drU3nlur6ounf na,t a']
- 1t7o"r r lnnSnrudl.rnt ndrursrfdir.r rf,o.r
rnunrnrurl 'ruludi.rdfiJgnr"rrlno lauldriqdunr:rJAn6.rn,lrf i l t lrtuagiturun'la!rianara,r un of,drdionro{ r cdu r'",r '* 30 1; ry{r:!nr1lnnriridqorio.rti jr 'rud#6uour.ri!r: irs
alT rrirfir6rafi-riu'ounr1 dnrgor "u o -r::unJonfitid r nuntn rn'ornr:6ar.J6nu-,r ?I",.n !flufid r 6u2 dd!fiuiirdia'lari inud-r nr nJ6na"r rrral n#r 11ua'r'rnou-uqgduun:nrrt}. iulus'rrr ad rflutlf iuuftld'Mtun'r:uons-r?rrrnnrrrrnr"{irt irnvnrn:r.J6ntir-rnnrrq4 rrrrr"rirrf iurdur!.raaho1!noulnruq gr.lla:-la" rrFnfli 6nr rvr6 nr'r ri'.rir.rl snr ry'nir a, rfll'hj-ln-fi fia! 6na'r r lrro na.r.r q grdrinr uad.rfit{u dadl.t6nH.ruririuqg'tun:tf ldl*ifrf irrarrvsafit in-rdorqqrn,rallur Triazine a:nrr4rcrMtrln-rfluorirr6
: cvldnr:.rr&rr-r,]da rird'.r finur 1ufrldrJ6n!,'r r I n-loirri
0d r gna',r rlvrnnar I q4nrr.l.rd.lfid{'oda ltiur Triazine art.lAritdfirj
id z rJ6nfittn*ga*r r rlu diriarai.rrudr uaodr ruAorygofirdu 1 rrJu *ruo.rdn;irurd-r
1,r.i0 2528 -ln-inr:6nvlrcuunrnlpndirfid.: i irn.rrf i i i ,r ry6o-r o'rrl n ;ui.Juriarnar.r
qgr-iu ldhrfiuarlni{n.l11 or o.rrridoa q.n,rn ranr:raaoruda.r-l i . luorrr.rd 1o
rr n^o, rirf{f iogilrala$l rn-rr, ' ] �!.r&ndrAd.r6*.)n un'l ir r u6a r ua " ih nr rf it irarin riaut"T-lrir rdo!6n rflufidf{dor drru6ararfrurrrrrf ir ir i.rdarnouduorrioJrrld.: d{aanronrFrrrlulurh lJ nr udu
n,]r'1\rfi 10. ruarFnr'rnf 'unJA nfidf{f is"1? lnn !f lufid dn rJ 2528 o.l l idoa
ar |hn (nn , /1 r )
14 o"r r trra n r rvdr rir cf r
18 iir 6dr nr ra"r u ltr nrrfi
2A rir r lrrn n r rudr dr n'r
28 drFd{ nrrn"r urir r r-16o.r
3A a"r r Inpr i ud oru rir u fir r 6o.!
39 l ir id{ nludr urrunc Cu
qA rirr\nn r udorrirutJr rr-t6o-l
48 ritl n r rud'r dir n'r
5 '13
540 /110
5 2 9
566 / 36
7A2B / ' � |7
57 1+ I -
72A3 tAO
4 2 2
Mr ] l u ruF d { ' l L1 ; | , 6 t , ; i u211uE : l u
flill
tur-rlgnfirirdanr ro1"-n&.,udnou fio l;r.runr nJ 6nfitidfil Sn15 {a n'llhu fitl la'ir lr.ru
adrudru r tlu !3nlldnrgafirrrryu r f ur 1th*4n6rhu tli,l'ufilido anCnt?ln1t'ln r!u $aluFn-
,du.lnrrpirCrrd drrrI#q"r-nvrrorlunlra6nl;oe'1uti 'utir itra1a'la'r.ru1n"dtlf ln'rrrv{1lrJgndtI
rirnlu rfulrdn
rh{unr:ri#cr if lud'rur1.lt ouudq, t ir.udnlu r do{ua{ !!r 'q rrw,r nnrrlu d'wr"u{ado
CdA!nnnr unri!1uur.!n:lErtiu n'r t arugrCfng{rin t ' 6ar{r
{n$J t sd{;dlfuuar r rul du'kirrri nrrrfiraalanlri{'rdu o rjr 'r'1: frnr l'l,r.nia 3rlurriudfid
dr'tit'unr ftnJq.'r r rirlnr rrqnrdrg:du o.lfilua"r srar6ntnutir-l fitJoag'tt,, i6,"iti'r { araathnJrr
1: rcdg 2.s l iulionuni ua"u' 'tt lnn 3.5 ti /ron$n;) 't th'r 'r ldr,*ri l fourdio lor i lur:uutla
ur!n1u nlrl.Jg!!l -1{u f ua "nr:1i,1'ud*!: "inSa1,r rrriqlattndarliqdnlur6o rfurnrri 'runr:
nRln !!a s nr ' ' l N?r' l a ttnnurr.ln"rudq{unt:rthn
rsuunllJ3nf,d,donrtot4fn{nr: 'tnifunr$iar:s{r1!!!#?r rf lul Snr rdJloalfrdrra '
Ufurllliu rdonr r r nvntnr tlldiduluout an srid.n-rr-ulutir r r "u"ilr1tahlr1rlfi r fufluorr"u'1o-r r rfir
: 'vvf{riar.r!,"'r.rftrl r rinsatr$r 1unr rtirJ:'I ud#au rdo rur orJ6nfirtuudaau
6 B
rondlrdluAu
Budee, ! I . r . (1986) . Edi tor : Thai ' land, l ior thern Upland Agr icu l ture DLD, ADAB,Bangkok.
Dabin, B. (1964) . Pecio logie 2, pp. 2 aDd 9.
Nornan, B. l l . (1984) . Report on Compar ison of New and 0 ld Deve' lopment AreasDLD/TAWLD.