Nye brannkrav til kabler i Europa-

Byggevareforordningen - CPR/Construction Products Regulation

Gjeldende og kommende brannkrav til faste

kabelinstallasjoner i bygninger og byggverk på land

Elsikkerhetskonferansen 2015 – Nye brannkrav til kabler i Europa under CPR

26.11.2015

Europacble-Norge TF-CPR

NEK NK20

Ivar Granheim, Nexans Norway AS

1

Cables – Fire requirements

Dagens situasjon:– Mange nasjonale test metoder

• I hovedsak basert på IEC 60332-1-2/flame spread /flammehemmet and IEC 60332-3/fire spread/brannspredning

• IEC 60331-serien for fire resistance/funksjonsdyktig/brannsikker/brannmotstand

– De fleste land har et minimumskrav til flammehemming

• Norge: IEC 60332-1-2/NEK400 og max 50 MJ/m kabelinstallasjon i rømningsveier/TEK-Guidance

2

Branneffekter fra kabler

Bidrar til brannspredning

Bidrar til røykutvikling

Bidrar med irriterende og korrosive gasser

Bidrar med brennende dråper

– Alt i varierende grad avhengig av kabeltype / materialvalg og mengde

Brann i kabler kan medføre at livsviktig utstyr slutter å virke

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Kommende krav og testmetoder

Produktets bidrag til brannspredning / brannbelastning

– Ny test basert på IEC 60332-3/A,B,C,D (EN 50266), som anbefales i noen bygg i dag/NEK400

– Ny testmetode = EN 50399 (strengere mhp. kabelmontasje ved avstand mellom kablene oghøyere luftgjennomstrøming, fra: 5000 l/min, til: 8000 l/min.

Modifisert til å måle varme- og røykutvikling i tillegg til brannspredning

Observasjon av brennende dråper

Dagens test = EN 60332-1-2 = CPR Brannklasse Eca

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Brannklassekravene til kabler iht. NS-EN 13501-6:2014

Gjeldende fra 01.12.2015 01.07.2016

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Brannklassekravene til kabler iht. NS-EN 13501-6:2014

Gjeldende fra 01.12.2015 01.07.2016

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7

Standard Completion date

EN 50575 Product (umbrella) standard Published September 2014, publicatedin OJEU 10.07.2015

EN 13501-6 Classification Rules (CEN TC127)

Available

EN 50399 CPD Fire test method Available, some refinements introduced*

CLC TS 50576 Extended Application rules

(for power cables only**)

Published September 2014

EN ISO 1716 (heat of combustion test) Available

EN 60332-1-2 (bunsen burner test) Available

EN 61034-2 (smoke density test) Available

EN/IEC 60754-2 (acidity) Available

Standards for Reaction to Fire are

completed

* Improvements for incorporation in EN 50399 amendment have been introduced:- Testing of flat cables- Procedure for testing on bundles of small cables

** EXAP rules for data/optical cables are now decided for Optical cables, for copper data cables are under active development

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4

initial type-testing and FPC by

manufacturer

F

EN 60332-1-2

Flame propagationE

3

initial type-testing by 3rd party

notified testing laboratory

FPC by manufacturer

D

C

B2

Smoke production

(s1, s1a, s1b, s2, s3)

EN 50399/EN 61034-2

Acidity

(a1, a2, a3)

EN 60754-2

Flaming droplets

(d0, d1, d2)

EN 50399

EN 50399

Heat release

Flame spread

EN 60332-1-2

Flame propagation

B1

1+initial type-testing and factory

inspection and continuous

surveillance of factory production

control (FPC) with audit testing of

samples by 3rd party notified

product certification body

EN ISO 1716

Gross heat of

combustion

A

Assessment and

Verification of Constancy of

Performance system

Additional

criteria

Classification

criteria

Euroclass

(ca)

Performance classification, test methods and AVCP systems for Reaction to Fire

Cable supply under the CPR

New obligations for regulators:

• To determine whether to regulate for cables fire performance at national level. • It may be focus on other products for the safety level, but it does not matter for the producer, whom has to CE-mark

and make all obligations stated.

• A National minimum requirement will give less confusion in the market.

• To determine what class of performance is applicable for a given application

• To use the common “Euroclass” performance in any new applicable national regulation

• To determine the equivalence of the new classes to existing national classes (Sintef NBL A13111 report)

• To “translate” existing regulatory requirements into new requirements based on the “Euroclass” performance within the transition/co-existence period

• Obligations also apply for certain “de facto” regulators (monopoly operators)

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Sintef report NBL A13111

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Example from Sweden

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Example from SwedenDeviations

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What consequences to expect from CPR implementation? Manufacturers and importers

Obligatory CE-marking for all cables for fixed installation in construction, including:

Declaration of Performance (DoP/Ytelseserkæring) i landets språk, oppdatert iht. produktversjon

Marking/Labelling

New obligatory 3rd party certification with continued factory inspections/FPC (ISO 9000, 14000) and product testing for products with higher fire performance;. i.e. Cca, B2ca

As above for FPC and initial, witnessed Type testing for all Fire classes including Fire class Dcaand Eca, when major changes affect the properties of the cable.

Changes in product portfolio

Products complying with new fire tests, EN 50399

Merking av produktene

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AttestasjonsnivåerGir grunnlag for Ytelses-erklæring (DoP)

System Task for manufacturer Task for notified body

4 Initial type testing of productFactory production control

3 Factory production control Initial type of testing of product

2 Initial type of testing of productFactory production control

Certification of factory production control on basis of initial inspection

2+ Initial type testing of productFactory production controlTesting of samples according prescribed test plan

Certification of factory production control on basis ofinitial inspectioncontinuous surveillance, assessment and approval of production control

1 factory production controlFurther testing of samples according prescribed test plan

Certification of product conformity on basis of tasks of the notified body andthe tasks assigned to the manufacturer

Tasks for notified body:initial type-testing of the product;initial inspection of factory and of factory production control;continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production

control;

1+ Factory production controlFurther testing of samples according prescribed test plan

Certification of product conformity on basis of tasks of the notified body and the tasks assigned to the manufacturer

Tasks for notified body: initial type-testing of the product;initial inspection of factory and of factory production control;continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production

control (once a year)audit-testing of samples taken at the factory, on the market or on the

construction site (one sample from each family every 3rd

year)

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Cable supply under the CPRInformasjonsbehov

New obligations for users:

• To be aware of the new “Euroclass” performance

• To be aware of the availability of the DoP as a source of information on

product performance

• To be aware of any applicable regulatory requirements

• To choose products most suitable for their intended use in construction

works in both “regulated” and “non-regulated” applications

• Users may need to have a broad understanding of the relationship between

the new common “classes” performance and that expressed through

existing EU and International standards

• No changes to installation practice should be required due to CPR

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Examples of Norwegian cable standards involved

NEK 591

NEK 535

NEK 536

CENELEC HD 604-5D

CENELEC HD 603-3J, 5J, 5K, 5M

CENELEC HD 627-4B1/4B2, 7B1/7B2

Cenelec HD 620, 632

And

EN 60364/NEK 400 – Installation Standard

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Nye brannkrav til kabler i bygninger i Europa

Branntestene og “språket” blir det samme

Brann- og sikkerhetskravene forblir forskjellige i forskjellige land

Strengere krav kan fortsatt bli aktuelt i bygg/deler av bygg (feks. Brannklasse Dca)

– hvor det er:

• Mange mennesker

• Vanskelig å evakuere

Kravsamordning mellom Nordiske land diskuteres

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Technical requirements for cables

Electrical properties

Mechanical properties

– Ageing properties

Fire properties

Environmental properties (EF/EMF, chemicals/REACH, RoHS, etc.)

Handling properties

– Due to high risk in fire situations and dangerous contact/current

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Difference in amount of smoke between a standard (Eca-s3d2a3)- and a Low fire hazard

cable (Dca-s2d2a2)

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