Peter Kastberg, Handelshøjskolen i Århus, Aarhus Universitet pk@asb.dk

Personal Knowledge Management- med streg under personal

Agenda : bag om centrale begreber

Vidensamfund

Personligt Knowledge management – fra information til viden via læring (Kastberg et al. 2007)

− KM− læring− bibliotekstvidenskab

Viden Videnkommunikation

PKM-modellen

(efter Kastberg, Schreiber, Ditlevsen, Harbo, Lauridsen 2007)

Om vidensamfund

“Vidensamfundets altoverskyggende udfordring er – og vil vedblive med at være så længe, man taler om et vidensamfund – hvordan man kan transformere stadig mere og stadig mere specialiseret viden til interaktioner for at denne viden kan få værdi (ud over sig selv). Og det er netop denne metamorfose fra ‘viden’ via ‘interaktioner’ til ‘værdi’, der er forskningsinteresse og raison d’être for området videnskommunikation.”

“Vidensamfundets tre grundvilkår lyder:

1. at det kan producere stadig mere specialiseret viden2. at det kan kommunikere denne specialiserede viden 3. og at det kan gøre det på en sådan måde, at den

specialierede viden kan bruges”

 (Kastberg 2007)

Om Viden

I “Theaetetus” siger Sokrates:

“Herein lies the difficulty which I can never solve to my satisfaction: What is knowledge?”

“[…] knowledge might be defined as belief which is in agreement with the facts.

The trouble is that no one knows what a belief is, no one knows what a fact is, and no one knows what sort of agreement between them would make a belief true.” (Betrand Russel 1923)

Om Viden

Aristoteles:

• episteme (videnskabelig viden)• techne (færdigheder)• phronesis (etisk-praktisk viden)• sophia (visdom)• nous (intuition)

Davenport/Prusak:

• Data• Information• Knowledge

OECD:

• Knowing what• Knowing why• Knowing who• knowing how

Scharmer:

• K (1)• K (2)• K (3)

Om Viden

”[…] knowledge cannot be taught but must be constructed by the learner […].”

”[…] what we call knowledge is in some way the product of the knower […].”

(von Glasersfeld / Smock 1974)

”[…] knowledge refers to conceptual structures that epistemic agents, given the range of present experience within their tradition of thought and language, consider viable.”

(von Glasersfeld 1989)

Om kommunikation af viden

Heinz von Förster (1973) taler om :

”udifferentieret kodning”

„Man kann erst am Anschlussverhalten kontrollieren, ob man verstanden worden ist; man kann aber auch mit einiger Erfahrung seine Kommunikation vorher so einrichten, dass man erwarten kann, verstanden zu werden.“

(Luhmann 1984)

Om kommunikation af viden

“Human communication as action− Human communication is linear, with

meaning sent or transferred from source to receiver

Human communication as interaction− Human communication occurs as the

receiver of the message responds to the source through feedback. This interactive model views communication as a linear action-reaction sequence of events

Human communication as transaction− Human communication is simultaneously

interactive. Meaning is created based on mutual, concurrent sharing of ideas and feelings. […]”

(Beebe et al. 2004)

Transmission

S O R

Stimulus Organism Response

Interaktion

I T O E

Fb

E = EnvironmentI = Input T = TransformationO = OutputFb = Feedback

(Goldhaber 1986)

Om kommunikation af viden

“Human communication as action− Human communication is linear, with

meaning sent or transferred from source to receiver

Human communication as interaction− Human communication occurs as the

receiver of the message responds to the source through feedback. This interactive model views communication as a linear action-reaction sequence of events

Human communication as transaction− Human communication is

simultaneously interactive. Meaning is created based on mutual, concurrent sharing of ideas and feelings. […]”

(Beebe et al. 2004)

Eksempel

She is being pushy because he is being passive

(efter Bateson)

Eksempel

because

he is being

passivebecause

she is being pushy

(efter Bateson)

Mellemregning

Hvis det gælder om at tilpasse organisationen til videnkommunikationen (ikke omvendt), så glem alt om ’demografi’, ’sociografi’ og ’adfærd’

• Tænk bio- eller ontografi · livsforløb, holdning, antagelser, værdier

• Tænk ’captivity’ · forhold til den kommunikerende instans· forhold til det kommunikerede· ”what’s in it for me?”

– Uses and gratification

Videnkommunikation

Miljøer, i hvilke individer kan blive stimuleret til at interagere med hinanden med det formål at overkomme videnasymmetrier

og / eller

Miljøer, i hvilke individer kan blive stimuleret til at interagere med videnressourcer med det formål at overkomme videnasymmetrier

Allegorier- der giver / skaber / ændrer mening

Arena

− opposition − kombattanter − vinde / tabe

− Valutaen er ”styrke”

Agora

− konvergens− medspillere− win-win / loose-

loose

− Valutaen er ”kompromisser”

(Kastberg forthcoming)

Videnkommunikation: hvorfor?

Ændring / manipulation

Handling

Viden

Adfærd

Værdier

Videnskommunikation: hvordan?

Motivation

Relevans

Konsekvens

Forviden

Peter Kastberg, Handelshøjskolen i Århus, Aarhus Universitet pk@asb.dk

Personal Knowledge Management- med streg under personal