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What is an Assembler?

An assembler is a program that translates symbolic code (assembly language) into executable objectcode. This object code can be executed with a 80C51-compatible microcontroller. If you have everwritten a computer program directly in machine-recognizable form, such as binary or hexadecimalcode, you will appreciate the advantages of programming in symbolic assembly language.

Assembly language operation codes (mnemonics) are easily remembered (MOV for move instructions,ADD for addition, and so on). You can also symbolically express addresses and values referenced inthe operand field of instructions. Because you assign these names, you can make them as meaningfulas the mnemonics for the instructions. For example, if your program must manipulate a date as data,

you can assign it the symbolic name DATE. If your program contains a set of instructions used as a

timing loop (executed repeatedly until a specific amount of time has passed), you can name theinstruction group TIMER_LOOP.

An assembly program has three parts:

Machine instructions - Code the machine can execute. Detailed discussion of the machine

instructions is in the hardware manuals of the 80C51 microcontroller.

Assembler directives - Define the program structure and symbols, and generate nonexecutable code (data, messages, and so on.).

Assembler controls - Set assembly modes and direct assembly flow.

µVision3 Overview

The µVision3 IDE is a Windows-based software development platform that combines a robust editor,project manager, and make facility. µVision3 integrates all tools including the C compiler, macroassembler, linker/locator, and HEX file generator. µVision3 helps expedite the development process of your embedded applications by providing the following:

Full-featured source code editor,

Device database for configuring the development tool setting,

Project manager for creating and maintaining your projects,

Integrated make facility for assembling, compiling, and linking your embedded applications,

Dialogs for all development tool settings,

True integrated source-level Debugger with high-speed CPU and peripheral simulator,

Advanced GDI interface for software debugging in the target hardware and for connection to

Keil ULINK,

Flash programming utility for downloading the application program into Flash ROM,

Links to development tools manuals, device datasheets & user’s guides.

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The µVision3 IDE offers numerous features and advantages that help you quickly and successfullydevelop embedded applications. They are easy to use and are guaranteed to help you achieve yourdesign goals.

The µVision3 IDE and Debugger is the central part of the Keil development toolchain. µVision3offers a Build Mode and a Debug Mode.

In the µVision3 Build Mode you maintain the project files and generate the application.

In the µVision3 Debug Mode you verify your program either with a powerful CPU and peripheralsimulator or with the Keil ULINK USB-JTAG Adapter (or other AGDI drivers) that connect thedebugger to the target system. The ULINK allows you also to download your application into FlashROM of your target system.

Features and Benefits

Feature Benefit

The µVision3 Simulator is the only debugger

that completely simulates all on-chipperipherals.

Write and test application code before production

hardware is available. Investigate different hardwareconfigurations to optimize the hardware design.

Simulation capabilities may be expanded

using the Advanced Simulation Interface

(AGSI).

Sophisticated systems can be accurately simulated by

adding your own peripheral drivers.

The Code Coverage feature of the µVision3

Simulator provides statistical analysis of

your program’s execution.

Safety-critical systems can be thoroughly tested and

validated. Execution analysis reports can be viewed and

printed for certification requirements.

The µVision3 Device Database automatically

configures the development tools for thetarget microcontroller.

Mistakes in tool settings are practically eliminated and

tool configuration time is minimized.

The µVision3 IDE integrates additional third-

party tools like VCS, CASE, and

FLASH/Device Programming.

Quickly access development tools and third-party tools.

All configuration details are saved in the µVision3 project.

The ULINK USB-JTAG Adapter supports both

Debugging and Flash programming with

configurable algorithm files.

The same tool can be used for debugging and

programming. No extra configuration time required.

Identical Target Debugger and Simulator

User Interface.

Shortens your learning curve.

µVision3 incorporates project manager,

editor, and debugger in a single

environment.

Accelerates application development. While editing, you

may configure debugger features. While debugging, you

may make source code modifications.

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About the Environment

The µVision3 screen provides you with a menu bar for command entry, a tool bar where you canrapidly select command buttons, and windows for source files, dialog boxes, and information displays.µVision3 lets you simultaneously open and view multiple source files.

µVision3 has two operating modes:

Build Mode: Allows you to translate all the application files and to generate executableprograms. The features of the Build Mode are described under Creating Applications.

Debug Mode: Provides you with a powerful debugger for testing your application. The Debug

Mode is described in Testing Programs.

In both operating modes you may use the source editor of µVision3 to modify your source code. TheDebug mode adds additional windows and stores an own screen layout. The following picture shows atypical configuration of µVision3 in the Debug Mode.

Software Development Cycle

When you use the Keil µVision, the project development cycle is roughly the same as it is for anyother software development project.

1. Create a project, select the target chip from the device database, and configure the toolsettings.

2. Create source files in C or assembly.

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3. Build your application with the project manager.

4. Correct errors in source files.

5. Test the linked application.

The following block diagram illustrates the complete µVision/ARM software development cycle. Eachcomponent is described below.

µVision IDE

The µVision IDE combines project management, a rich-featured editor with interactive errorcorrection, option setup, make facility, and on-line help. Use µVision to create your source files andorganize them into a project that defines your target application. µVision automatically compiles,assembles, and links your embedded application and provides a single focal point for yourdevelopment efforts.

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C51 Compiler & A51 Macro Assembler

Source files are created by the µVision IDE and are passed to the C51 Compiler or A51 MacroAssembler. The compiler and assembler process source files and create relocatable object files.

The Keil C51 Compiler is a full ANSI implementation of the C programming language that supports all

standard features of the C language. In addition, numerous features for direct support of the 8051architecture have been added.

The Keil A51 macro assembler supports the complete instruction set of the 8051 and all derivatives.

LIB51 Library Manager

The LIB51 library manager allows you to create object library from the object files created by thecompiler and assembler. Libraries are specially formatted, ordered program collections of objectmodules that may be used by the linker at a later time. When the linker processes a library, onlythose object modules in the library that are necessary to create the program are used.

BL51 Linker/Locator

The BL51 Linker/Locator creates an absolute ELF/DWARF file using the object modules extracted fromlibraries and those created by the compiler and assembler. An absolute object file or module containsno relocatable code or data. All code and data reside at fixed memory locations. The absolute

ELF/DWARF file may be used:

To program an Flash ROM or other memory devices,

With the µVision Debugger for simulation and target debugging,

With an in-circuit emulator for the program testing.

µVision Debugger

The µVision symbolic, source-level debugger is ideally suited for fast, reliable program debugging. Thedebugger includes a high-speed simulator that let you simulate an entire 8051 system including on-chip peripherals and external hardware. The attributes of the chip you use are automaticallyconfigured when you select the device from the Device Database.

The µVision Debugger provides several ways for you to test your programs on real target hardware.

Install the MON51 Target monitor on your target system and download your program usingthe Monitor-51 interface built-in to the µVision Debugger.

Use the Advanced GDI interface to attach use the µVision Debugger front end with your target

system.

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