kh. kujhryk; (v) r+h;afhe;jd;kh. kujhryk; (v)...
TRANSCRIPT
gp - 277
kh. kUjhryk; (v) R+h;afhe;jd;kh. kUjhryk; (v) R+h;afhe;jd;kh. kUjhryk; (v) R+h;afhe;jd;kh. kUjhryk; (v) R+h;afhe;jd;
gp - 278
gpd;dpizgpd;dpizgpd;dpizgpd;dpizg;Gg;Gg;Gg;G – 1 1 1 1
R+h;afhe;jdpd; tho;f;if tuyhWR+h;afhe;jdpd; tho;f;if tuyhWR+h;afhe;jdpd; tho;f;if tuyhWR+h;afhe;jdpd; tho;f;if tuyhW
,aw;ngaH : kh. kUjhryk;
Gidg;ngaH : R+h;afhe;jd;
ngw;NwhH : ng. khug;gf;fTz;lH
kh. rpd;dk;khs;
gpwe;j Njjp : 17.07.1955
gpwe;j ,lk; : ,uhknrl;bg;ghisak;
Nfhit khtl;lk;
fy;tpj;jFjp : vk; V> vk;.V> gp.vl;
vk;/gpy;.> gpr;.b.>
jpUkzk;
kidtp : jpUkjp. n[ayl;Rkp
kfd; : rutzf;FkhH
kfs;fs; : jpt;aghujp> RNtjh.
gp - 279
gpd;dpizgpd;dpizgpd;dpizgpd;dpizg;Gg;Gg;Gg;G – 2 2 2 2 #Hafhe;jdpd; gilg;Gfs;#Hafhe;jdpd; gilg;Gfs;#Hafhe;jdpd; gilg;Gfs;#Hafhe;jdpd; gilg;Gfs;
ftpij njhFjpfs:; ftpij njhFjpfs:; ftpij njhFjpfs:; ftpij njhFjpfs:; 3333
1. rptg;G epyh
2. ,tHfs; fhj;jpUf;fpwhHfs;
3. tPutk;rk;
fl;;Liu njhFjp: fl;;Liu njhFjp: fl;;Liu njhFjp: fl;;Liu njhFjp: 6666 1. Nfhit khtl;l Nfhtpy;fs;
2. tpUl;rKk; tpOJfSk;
3. jpiuapir thdpy; ,yf;fpa Kj;jpiufs;
4. VH Kidf;F NeH ,q;Nf
5. kdq;fis tULk; kapypwF
6. jkpo; ehty;fspy; fpuhk rKjhak;
rpWfij njhFjprpWfij njhFjprpWfij njhFjprpWfij njhFjp
1. ,dpg; nghWg;gjpy;iy
2. ghy; kdJ
3. Njhl;lj;jpy; xU tPL
4. kz;zpd; kbapy;
5. tpLjiyf; fpspfs;
6. Ntl;if
7. ,uj;jg; nghOJfs;
8. xU njhopyhspapd; ilhp
9. gazq;fs;
10. Kj;Jf;fs; gj;J
11. #Hafhe;jdpd; rpWfijfs;(I.rp.fhkuh[; (Xa;T) Nguhrphpah; Gtpapay; Jiw
Fk;gNfhzk; muR fiyf; fy;Y}hp)
r%f ehty;fs;: 11r%f ehty;fs;: 11r%f ehty;fs;: 11r%f ehty;fs;: 11
1. mk;kd; G+NthL
2. khdhthhp kdpjh;fs;(Ie;J nkhopfspy; nkhop ngah;f;fg;gl;l E}y;)
jkpofj;jpy; cs;s gy;fiy fofq;fspYk; jd;dhl;rp fy;Y}hpfs;
gytw;wpYk; gl;l tFg;GfSf;F ghl E}yhf mike;jJ.
gp - 280
3. G+h;tPf G+kp
jkpofj;jpy; cs;s gy;fiy fofq;fspYk; jd;dhl;rp fy;Y}hpfs;
gytw;wpYk; gl;l tFg;GfSf;F ghl E}yhf mike;jJ.
4. vjpnujph; Nfhzq;fs;
5. fpof;F thdk; (kiyahsj;jpy; nkhop ngah;f;fg;gl;Ls;sJ)
6. tpijr;Nrhsk;
7. fy; thio
8. xU tay; ntspapd; fij
9. mopahr; RtL
Ma;it Kbj;j gpwF ntspahd ehty;fs;.Ma;it Kbj;j gpwF ntspahd ehty;fs;.Ma;it Kbj;j gpwF ntspahd ehty;fs;.Ma;it Kbj;j gpwF ntspahd ehty;fs;.
1. Ks; kyh; Ntyp
2. gpujp gpk;gq;fs;.
gp - 281
ehtyhrphpah; jpU. #Hafhe;jd
Ma;thsh; ,uh.thdjp
gp - 282
gpd;dpizgpd;dpizgpd;dpizgpd;dpizg;Gg;Gg;Gg;G – 3 3 3 3 #Hafhe;jd; mtHfSld; Ma;thsh; NeHfhzy;#Hafhe;jd; mtHfSld; Ma;thsh; NeHfhzy;#Hafhe;jd; mtHfSld; Ma;thsh; NeHfhzy;#Hafhe;jd; mtHfSld; Ma;thsh; NeHfhzy;
08.03.2011 rHtNjr kfspH jpd ehsd;W Nfhitapy; Neubahf re;jpj;J
ehtyhrphpah; jpU. #Hafhe;jd; mtHfsplk; Ma;thsh; ,uh.thdjp Kidth;
gl;l Ma;Tf;fhf elj;jpa Neh;fhzy;
Ma;thsh; : tzf;fk; Iah>
#Hafhe;jd; : tzf;fk;
Ma;thsh; : jhq;fs; gpwe;jCh;> khtl;lk;> ngw;Nwhh; ngah;
#Hafhe;jd; : Nfhit khtl;lk; Ng&h; tl;lk; ,uhk nrl;bg;ghisak;
vd;Dk; fpuhkk; vd;Dila gpwe;j CuhfTk;> ,g;NghJ
trpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; CuhfTk; mikfpd;wJ. vdJ
ngw;Nwhh; je;ijahh; khug;gf;fTz;lh;> vdJ jhahh; rpd;dk;khs;.
Ma;thsh; : jq;fsJ ngw;Nwhh; njhopy;?
#Hafhe;jd; : vd;Dila ngw;Nwhh; kl;Lky;y vdJ Kd;Ndhh;fs;
Kjw;nfhz;L ghuk;ghpakhf tptrhaj; njhopiy nra;J
te;jdh;> vd; ngw;NwhUk; tptrhaj;ijNa nra;J te;jdh;.
Ma;thsh; : ,sikg; gUtk; gw;wp?
#Hafhe;jd; : vd;Dila ,sikg; gUtk; vd; kPJ kpFe;j md;G
nfhz;lth;fspd; ghrg;gpizg;Gfshy; #og;gl;lJ. vdJ
mk;khtpd; jq;if nghpag;ghtpd; kidtp mthpd; kfs;fs;
vdJ jha;khkd; kfs; Mfpa midtUk; vd;id md;NghL
tsh;j;njLg;gjpy; kpFe;j mf;fiw cilath;fshf tpsq;fpdh;
Fiwe;j msNt fy;tp ngw;wth;fs; vdpDk; vd;id mth;fs;
gbf;fhky; tpl;Lg;Nghd cah;fy;tpfnsy;yhk; ehd; fw;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;gjpy; Nguhty; nfhz;lth;fshf tpsq;fpdh;.
vdJ fpuhkj;ij tpl;L mLj;j ChpypUe;j Muk;g gs;spf;
$lj;jpy; ehd; Nrh;f;fg;gl;Nld.; vd;idg; gs;spf;Ff; nfhz;L
nrd;W gs;spapy; tpl;L tFg;G KbAk; tiuf; fhj;jpUe;J
gp - 283
vd;idf; $l;bf;nfhz;L tPL te;J Nrh;g;gh;. mth;fSila
md;gpd; ngUkpjk; “nghpa ahidf; $l;lq;fSf;F kj;jpapy;
,Uf;Fk; xU Fl;bahidiag; Nghy;'' vdf;F gyj;ijAk;
ghJfhg;igiaAk; jUtjha; mike;jJ.
Ma;thsh; : ,sikf; fhyj;J kwf;f Kbahj epidTfs;?
#Hafhe;jd; : ,utpy; gs;spg;ghlq;fis gbf;fr; nrhy;yp tPl;bd; Kw;wj;jpy;
rpk;dp tpsf;fpd; ntspr;rj;jpy; vdJ rNfhju rNfhjhpfs;
ehd;ife;J Ngh; #o;e;jpUf;f Gj;jfg; ghlq;fspd; thpfs; kPJ
jPf;Fr;rpia itj;jg;gb ,ijg;gb ,ijg;gb vd;W kpFe;j
mf;fiwNahL vd;id gbf;fr; nrhy;ypf; Nfl;L top elj;jpa
me;j ehl;fs; vg;NghJk; vd;dhy; kwf;f ,ayhjit. me;jj;
jPf;Fr;rpapd; fe;jfk; jhd; ,g;NghJk; vd; gilg;GfSf;Fs;
kfue;jq;fisg; Nghy; kzf;FfpwJ.
Ma;thsh; : Muk;gg; gs;spf;Fg;gpd; Nky;epiyg;gbg;G gw;wp?
#Hafhe;jd; : vdJ eLepiyg;gs;spg; gbg;Gk;> Nky;epiyg;gs;spg; gbg;Gk;>
vdJ ChpypUe;J %d;whtJ ikypy; ,Uf;Fk; Ng&h;
jtj;jpU> rhe;jypq;f mbfshh; gs;spapy; fw;Fk; tha;g;G
mike;jJ.
Ma;thsh; : fy;Y}hpg; gbg;G
#Hafhe;jd; : Nfhit muRf; fiyf;fy;Y}hpapy; fy;Y}hpg; gbg;igj;
njhlh;e;Njd;.
Ma;thsh; : ehty; vOjj; J}z;baJ> Kjy;gilg;G
#Hafhe;jd; : fy;Y}hp khztdhf ,Ue;j NghJ> vdf;F tha;j;j
Nguhrphpah;fs; ,yf;fpa czh;it Cl;Lgth;fshfhTk;>
thdk;ghb> jhkiu> jPgk; Nghd;w ,yf;fpa ,jo;fis vdf;F
mwpKfg; gLj;Jgth;fshfhTk; ,Ue;jdh;. ,ay;ghfNt
ftpijapd; kPJ vdf;fpUe;j Mh;tj;ij ed;F Ghpe;J
nfhz;L vd;id vOJk; gbAk; J}z;bdh;.
gp - 284
Ma;thsh; : mg;gb ePq;fs; ,aw;wpa Kjy; ftpij
#Hafhe;jd; : 1973 Mk; Mz;L mf;Nlhgh; khjk; “kdpjd;” vd;Dk;
Gul;rpfu fiy ,yf;fpa khj ,jopy; vdJ Kjy; ftpij
“fdy; kzf;Fk; G+f;fs;” vDk; jiyg;gpy; ntsp te;jJ.
Ma;thsh; : me;jf; ftpijf;Ff; fUg; nghUshf vJ mike;jJ?
#Hafhe;jd; : mJ rkak; Nfhit ngUkh ey;Y}h; gFjpapy; tptrhag;
Nghuhl;lj;jpd; NghJ Jg;ghf;fpr; #l;by; gypahd tptrhapfspd;
epidit me;jf; ftpij fUg; nghUshff; nfhz;bUe;jJ.
Ma;thsh; : ftpijapd; tuNtw;G vt;thW ,Ue;jJ?
#Hafhe;jd; : Kw;Nghf;F Kfhkpy; ,Ue;J xU Gjpa Fuy; ciof;Fk;
kf;fspd; rhh;ghf xypf;fj; Jtq;fp ,Uf;fpwJ> vd;W ,yf;fpa
,jo;fs; mjid kjpg;gPL nra;jd.
Ma;thsh; : ftpij ,yf;fpaj;jpypUe;J rpWfij> ehty; ,yf;fpaq;fSf;F
te;jJ vg;gb?
#Hafhe;jd; : ftpij vd;fpw tbtk; ftpij uridAs;s ,yf;fpa
thjpfis kl;LNk vl;Lfpw xd;whf ,Ug;gij czh;e;Njd;.
vd;Dila fUj;Jf;fs; gutyhd thrfh;fis vl;Ltjw;F
rpWfijfs; Vw;witfshf ,Ug;gij fUj;jpy; nfhz;L
me;jj;Jiwapy; Eioe;Njd;.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fSila ftpijfs; ve;nje;j ,jo;fspy; vOjpdPh;fs;?
#Hafhe;jd; : kdpjd;> jhkiu> thdk;ghb> Nts;tp> jPgk;> ePyf;Fapy;> kfhejp>
rpte;jr; rpe;jid> tpNtf rpj;jd;> kf;fs; rfhg;jk;>
Gjpag;nghd;dp> kyh;r;rp> Nghd;witfspy; vOjpNdd;.
gp - 285
Ma;thsh; : rpWfij ,yf;fpaj;jpw;F jhq;fs; te;jJ Kjy; rpWfij
te;j,jo;?
#Hafhe;jd; : 1974 Mk; Mz;L "'jhkiu'' fiy ,yf;fpa khj ,jopy;
'"jz;bf;fg;ghlj Fw;wthspfs;'' vDk; rpWfijapd; %yk;
me;jj; Jiwapy; mwpKfkhNdd;.
Ma;thsh; : ftpijapYk;> rpWfijapYk; vt;tsT Mz;L njhlh;e;jPh;fs;?
#Hafhe;jd; : 1980 tiu rpWfijfSk;> ftpijfSkhfj; njhlh;e;J
vKjpNdd;.
Ma;thsh; : ,jw;fpilapy; jq;fSilag; gilg;Gfs; njhFf;fg;gl;L
ntspte;jjh?
#Hafhe;jd; : Mk;> 1973 Kjy; 78 tiu ehd; vOjpa ftpijfisj;
njhFj;J "'rptg;G epyh"" vDk; ftpijj; njhFjpahf rpt
fq;ifapypUe;J NguhrphpaUk; rpwe;j ftpQUkhfpa kPuh
mth;fs; jdJ gjpg;gfj;jpd; %yk; ntspapl;lhh;fs;. ,jid
E}yhf njhFg;gjpy; ftpQh; K.Nkj;jh mth;fs; Kd;dpd;whh;fs;.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fSila gilg;Gfspy; Fwpg;ghf ehty;fspy; kz;zpd;
kzKk;;;> tptrhaf; FzKk; ,uz;lwfye;J tPRtjw;F
fhuznkd;d?
#Hafhe;jd; : vdJ Kd;Ndhh;fs; ngw;Nwhh;fs; vy;NyhUk; tptrhapfshf
,Ue;jJk; mj;jifa FLk;gr; R+oy; vdf;F gpd;Gykhf
mike;jJk; mbg;gilf; fhuzk; vdyhk;. ehd; gpwe;J ,e;j
g+kpapy; Kjd; Kjypy; Efh;e;jJ vdJ jhapd; kzj;ijAk;>
jhdpaj;jpd; kzj;ijAk; jhd;!
vdJ md;Gj;jhahh; tPl;L thrypy; jhdpaf; fjph;fis>
fhy;fshy; kpjpj;J mtw;wpypUe;J jhdpaq;fisg; gphpj;J
vLg;gjw;fhd gzpapy; <Lgl;bUe;jNghJ gpurt typ
cz;lhapw;whk;! clNd> cldpUe;j kw;w ngz;fs; gzpia
epWj;jp tpl;L vdJ jhahiu tPl;Lf;Fs; mioj;Jr; nrd;W
ghapy; gLf;f itj;Js;sdh;! mLj;j miukzp Neuj;jpy;
gp - 286
Foe;ij gpwe;J tpl;lJ. me;jf; Foe;ijapd; ehrp Kfh;e;j
Kjy; kzk;> me;j miwapd; xuj;jpy; Ftpj;J
itf;fg;gl;bUe;j Nrhskzpfspd; (jhdpak;) kzk;.
vdJ %f;fpd; ,Uehrpj;Jthuq;fspy; ,g;gbahf xd;wpy;
jhapd; kzKk;> ,d;ndhd;wpy; jhdpaj;jpd; kzKk;
Kjd;Kjyhf Eioe;jJ
,J vdJ vOj;Jf;fspy; ,g;NghJk; kzk; gug;GfpwJ.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fSila ehty;fspd; fjhghj;jpuq;fspy; gyUk; fpuhkq;fspy;
,g;NghJk; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs; vd;W ehd;
nrhd;dhy; rhpahf ,Uf;Fkh?
#Hafhe;jd; : vy;N;yhUk; my;y! ghjpg; Ngh;fSf;F Nky; fhykhfp tpl;ldh;.
kw;wth;fs; cs;sdh;!
Ma;thsh; : vd;whSk; cq;fs; ehty;fspy; caph; tho;e;J
nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs; my;yth!
#Hafhe;jd; : rhpjhd;! ‘khdhthhp kdpjh;fspy;’ tUk; fhsg;gl;b ma;ad;;!
G+h;tPf G+kpapy; tUk; fug;ghisaj;J ma;ad;;! fpof;F
thdj;jpy; tUk; fjh;Ntl;b ma;ad;;! ,th;fSf;nfy;yhk;
,wg;G ,y;iy vd;Wjhd; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;.
ma;ad;fshf.... fpuhkj;J Mj;khitj; jkf;Fs; Rke;J
nfhz;bUf;Fk; ma;ad;fshf Chpy; %j;j nghpath;fshf
,g;NghJk; xt;nthU fpuhkq;fspYk; mth;fspd; rhay;fis
ePq;fs; fhzKbAk;!
Ma;thsh; : rf gilg;ghsh;fis kl;Lkd;wp jpiuj;JiwapdiuAk;
cq;fspd; vOj;Jf;fs; ghjpj;J tUtjhf mwpfpNwd;> rhd;whf
ePq;fs; rpytw;iwf; $Wq;fs;!
#Hafhe;jd; : ‘ts;Stiu’ ma;ad; jpUts;Sth; vd;W jkpof Kjy;th;
fiyQh; Nghd;wth;fisNa miof;f itj;j rpwg;G vdJ
fhsg;gl;b ma;ad; fjhghj;jpuj;Jf;F cz;L! me;j ehty;
ntspaPl;L tpohtpy; fye;J nfhz;L ciuahw;wpa
mg;Nghija fy;tp mikr;rh f. md;gofd; mth;fs; %ykhf
gp - 287
fiyQh; K.fUzhepjp mth;fis me;j ehty; mile;jJ.
vdJ ghjpg;gpdhy; nfhq;F tl;lhu vOj;jhsh;fspy;
ngUk;ghyhdth;fs; ehty; Jiwapy; vdJ ghzpiag;
gpd;gw;w Kide;jJ ‘khdhthhp kdpjh;fs;’ ehtiyg;
gbj;jjw;Fg; gpwFjhd; vd;gJ jpwdha;T cyFf;F ed;F
njhpAk;!
jpiuj;Jiwapy; rptf;Fkhh;> ghujpuh[h> ghyr;re;jh;>
ghYkNfe;jpuh> N[Rjh]; vdf; Fwpg;gplj; jf;fth;fisnay;yhk;
vdJ ehty;fs; <h;j;Js;sd! fy;tpahsh;fisAk;> ,yf;fpa
thrfh;fisAk;> cq;fisg; Nghd;w Ma;thsh;fisAk;
ngUkstpy; fth;e;J nfhz;Ls;sJ. Ma;thsh; : ehty; Jiwapy; rpwe;j rhjidfisg; Ghpe;JtUk; ePq;fs;
ftpijj;Jiw rpWfijj;Jiw Mfpatw;wpy; jPtpukhfr;
nray;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;j NghJjhd; gj;jphp;ifj; Jiwf;F
cq;fspd; gq;fspg;igj;ju Neh;e;Js;sJ mJgw;wpAk;
nrhy;Yq;fs;!
#Hafhe;jd; : gp.V gl;lg;gbg;ig Kbj;j epiyapy; vk;.V gbg;gpy; <Lgl
ehd; jahuhd epiyapy; gj;jpupf;ifj;Jiw vd;id mioj;Jf;
nfhz;L tpl;lJ. kf;fs; jpyfk; vk;.[p.Mh; mth;fs; jkpof
Kjy;tuhf Ml;rp Ghpe;J nfhz;bUe;j jUzk; mJ!
mtUila ‘jha;’ thu ,jopy; gzpahw;w Ntz;Lk; vDk;
md;Gf;fl;lisia Vw;Wf; nfhz;Nld;. tyk;Ghp [hd;
mth;fs; Mrphpauhf ,Ue;E me;j thu ,jio elj;j>ehd;
Mrphpah; FOtpy; xUtdhfg; gzp Nkw;nfhz;Nld;. Vw;fdNt
“Nrhiy”vDk; gj;jphpf;ifia Nrhiy>NrhkRe;juk; mth;fs;
elj;jpa NghJ mjpy; ehd; vOjp te;j ftpijfs; %yk;
vdf;F Nrhiy mth;fs; mwpKfkhfpapUe;jhh;!mth; mz;zh
mwf;fl;lis rhh;gpy; nrd;idapy; ,Ue;J ntspte;J
nfhz;bUe;j “mz;zh” vDk; ehspjopy; Kf;fpag; nghWg;G
tfpj;jhh;. me;j mwf;fl;lisapd; ,d;ndhU fukhf’jha;’
,aq;fpaJ. Nrhiy mth;fSk; ehd;’jha;’ ,jopy; gzp Ghpa
Ntz;Lk; vd;W nghpJk; tpUk;gpdhh;. vdJ vOj;Jf;fis
gp - 288
ftpijfshf> rpWfijfshf> nrhy;Nyhtpaq;fshf> Ngl;bf;
fl;Liufshf mjpy; njhlh;e;J vOjpNdd;. mjw;F Kd;G
tiu ,yf;fpa cyfpy; Kj;jpiu gjpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j
vdJ ngaiu’jha;’ topNa jkpofk; KOtJKs;s
ngUthhpahd thrf cs;sq;fspy; gspr;nrd;W gjpj;Jntspr;rk;
tPrr; nra;j ngUikf;Fhpath; kf;fs; jpyfk; vk;.[p.Mh;
mth;fs; vd;gij ed;wpNahL njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;.
Ma;thsh; : gj;jphpifg; gzpf;Fg; gpwF gbg;igj; njhlh;e;jPh;fsh?
#Hafhe;jd; : Mkhk; 1984f;Fg;gpwNf vk;.V gbg;igj; njhlh;e;J Kbj;J
vk;/gpy; Ma;tpYk; gpwF fy;Y}hp Mrphpag; gzpapy;
,Ue;jthNw lhf;lh; gl;l Ma;itAk; nra;Njd;.
Ma;thsh; : fy;Y}hp Mrphpag;gzp cq;fspd; vOj;Jg;gzpf;fhd
Neuj;ij gq;FNghl;L vLj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ
,g;gbapUf;ifapy; vOj vg;gb Neuk; fpilf;fpwJ?
#Hafhe;jd; : gbf;fTk;>gilf;fTk; nra;ahky; vd;dhy; ,Uf;f
KbahJ! czit cz;z chpikAs;std; me;j
czTf;fhd jhdpaq;fis tpistpf;Fk;
tptrhapahfTk; ,Ug;gijg;Nghy vdf;Fr; #oy;
tha;j;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fspd; vOj;Jf;fspd; mbehjkhf>ikaf;fUj;jhf>
,e;jr;rKjhaj;jpw;F ePq;fs; nrhy;Yk; nra;jpahf
vijf; nfhz;Ls;sPh;fs;?
#Hafhe;jd; : rj;jpak;>rkj;Jtk;>rNfhjuj;Jtk;>kdpjNeak; ,tw;iwNajhd;!
gp - 289
Ma;thsh; : cq;fSila xt;nthU gilg;igAk; vOjpKbj;j
kWepkplk; vd;d czh;tpy; ,Ug;gPh;fs;?
#Hafhe;jd; : ,jaj;jpy; Rke;J nfhz;bUe;j Foe;ijiag;; ngw;nwLj;j
kdepiwTVw;gLk;!vdJ md;Gj;jhahfpa rpd;dk;kh
mth;fisAk; vd;id tsh;j;njLg;gjpy; jd;id
mh;g;gzpj;Jf; nfhz;l vdJ ,isa jhahh; vdJ
rpd;dk;khthfpa godpak;khs; mth;fisAk; epidtpy; epWj;jp
nefpo;r;rpailNtd;.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fs; je;ijahh; gilg;ghspahf cq;fspd; gzpfSf;F
Cf;fk; mspj;jhuh?
#Hafhe;jd; : Mf;fKk;>Cf;fKk; epiwaNt je;jhh;! nfhq;Fr;
rPikapy;>nrk;kz;zpy; kio nghope;j fhiyapy; Vh; gpbj;J
epyk; gpsf;ifapy; me;jg; ghl;lhsp vd;ndd;dnty;yhk;
cs;sj;jpy; vz;zpdhNuh mitfNs vdJ vOj;Jf;fSf;F
tpijfshfpd;wd.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fspd; thhpRfspy; gilg;Ggzpf;F vtNuDk;
te;Js;shh;fsh?
#Hafhe;jd; : kfd; rutzFkhh; vk;.gp.V. khzth;. kfs; jpt;aghujp gp.,.
khztp> filrp kfs; RNtjh gs;spg;gbg;gpd; ,Wjpahz;L
khztp> ,th;fs; %tUk; vdJ gilg;GfSf;F thrfh;fshf
cs;sdh;! vjph;fhyj;jpy; gilg;Gg;gzpapy; <LgLtij mth;fs;
jhd; jPh;khdpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fspd; Jiztpahh; gw;wp.
#Hafhe;jd; : ,y;yj;jurp n[ayl;Rkp vdJ thrfh;fspy; xUth; kl;Lky;y!
Kjy; thrfpNa mts;jhd;.
gp - 290
Ma;thsh; : gilg;GfSf;F ePq;fs; ngw;Ws;s tpUJfs;
#Hafhe;jd; : 1. mkuh; mfpyd; epidT tpUJ
2. ,yf;fpar; rpe;jid tpUJ
3. ,yf;fpa tPjp tpUJ
4. jkpo;ehL fiy ,yf;fpag; ngUkd;w tpUJ
5. ypy;yp Njt rpfhkzp mwf;fl;lis tpUJ
6. mofpa ehafpak;khs; epidT tpUJ
7. ghujpahh; gy;fiyf; fof jkpo;r;rhd;Nwhh; tpUJ
8. cLkiy ,yf;fpag; Nguit tpUJ
Ma;thsh; : ,Jtiu cq;fspd; gilg;Gf;fis Ma;Tf;F vj;jid Ngh;
vLj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sdh;?
#Hafhe;jd; : ehd; mwpe;jtiuapy; 45 Ngh;fSf;F Nky; M.Phil Ma;Tf;Fk;>
16 Ngh; Ph.D MA;Tf;Fk; vdJ gilg;Gfis ikag;
nghUshf Mf;fpAs;sdh;.
Ma;thsh; : cq;fspd; fy;Y}up Mrphpau; gzp kdepiwT jUfpwjh?
#Hafhe;jd; : ,J vdJ fy;Y}up Mrpupau; gzpapy; 21tJ Mz;L.
fle;j %d;W Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dh; njhlq;fp ,g;NghJk;
ehd; gzp Gupe;J tUtJ Nfhit muR fiy fy;Y}up mjpy;
jkpo;j;Jiwapy; Jizg; Nguhrpupah;! Mrpupah; gzp
kdepiwitj; jUk; gzp? cq;fisg; Nghd;w Muha;r;rp kdk;
nfhz;l Mrpupah;fNshLk; khzt kzpfNshLk; md;whlk;
vdJ gzp kfpo;r;rpNahL njhlu;fpwJ.
,Jtiu jq;fsJ nghd;dhd Neuj;ij xJf;fp ehd; Nfl;l
tpdhf;fSf;F gjpyspj;J vdJ Ma;T gzpf;F rpwg;G nra;j
jq;fSf;F vdJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpNwd;.
gp - 291
gpd;dpigpd;dpigpd;dpigpd;dpizzzzg;Gg;Gg;Gg;G – 4 4 4 4
gonkhopfs;gonkhopfs;gonkhopfs;gonkhopfs;
,yf;fpa tifikfspy; gonkhopAk; xd;W> ek; Kd;Ndhh;fs; ,isa jiy
Kiwf;F toq;fpa nfhil gonkhopfs;! ek; Kd;Ndhh;fspd; mDgtq;fs;>
tho;f;ifg; Nghul;l vd;dq;fs; fUj;Jf;fshfTk;> mwpTiufshfTk;>
gonkhopfSs; nghjpe;Js;sd.
njhy;fhg;gpak;
“Ez;ikAk; RUf;fKk; xspAilikAk;
vz;ikAk; vd;wpit tpsq;fj; Njhd;wpf;
Fwpj;j nghUis Kbj;jw;F tUlk;
VJ Ejypa gonkhop vd;g”
vd;W gonkhop gw;wp Fwpg;gpLk;.
R+h;afhe;jd; jdJ ehty;fspy; tha;nkhop ,yf;fpakhfj; njhlh;e;J
toq;fp tUk; gonkhopfs; ghku kf;fspd; tho;f;ifNahL xd;wpide;J
,ay;ghf mth;fsJ Ngr;rpy; ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
Nkl;lhq;fhl;il cOjtDk; nfhl;ld;
Nkdh kpDf;fpia fl;LdtDk; nfhl;ld;
“fl;Ld nghz;lhl;bia ntr;Rg; nghiog;
fhjtDk;; fhl;l Rk;kh Nghl;L
ntr;R cl;fhe;jpUf;fpwtDk; xz;Zjhd;.
gp - 292
“jhiaj; jz;zpf; nfzj;Jy ghh;j;jh
Gs;nsna T+l;Ny ghf;f Ntz;bajpy;iy”
“nry;yr; rphpf;fp ngj;jJ> nty;ye; jLf;fp
Toe;j fijahtpy;ny ,Uf;FJ”
“vy;yhk; vwF Kj;jpg; gwitahd mjJ
ghl;Lf;Fj; njirf;F xz;zhg; Nghfj;jhNd
nra;Ak;”
“fha;f;fpw kuj;ijj;jh fy;Yy mbg;ghDq;fwJ
nrhpahj;jhdpUf;FJ”
“G+Nthl mUik GOTf;Fj; njhpath NghFJ”
‘mk;kpzp> mse;j ts;sk; ml;lhypnyjh ,Uf; FJ’
‘tpuYf;F jf;Fd tPf;fk;”
“Viog;gl;ltd; tPl;Lf;Nfhop nkhl;L (Kl;il)
ntr;rh tpuy; gl;;ljPNk xilQ;rpLkhk;>
tYj;jtd; tPl;Lf; Nfhop nkhl;L
Ml;lhq;fy;iyf; $l xlr;rpg; GLkhk;”
gp - 293
“tifapy;yhnk tz;zhj;jpaplk; Nghdtd;
nts;shtp nkhlhTf;Fj; jPnahpf;fTk; NtZk;”
“fUk;G Kwpr;rhf; nfhiwAk;> nty;yk; vLj;jhf;
nfhiwAk;”
“fe;ijahdhYk; frf;fp cLj;J
$ohdhYk; Fspj;Jf; Fb”
tpijr;Nrhsk; ehtypy; ctkhdk; fhl;Ltjw;fhfg; gy ,lq;fspy;
gonkhopfis ifahz;Ls;shh;.
“fliy jpd;D if fOtpdhg;Gy”
“fz;Zg; ghj;jnj if nra;Ak;”
“fhlh Nkhlh myQ;R fhl;Lg;ghlj;ijg; gbf;fl;Lk;”
“Mid jd;id mbf;fpwJf;Fg; gpuk;ig jhNd vLj;Jg;
ghfDf;Ff; nfhLf;Fk;”
“ghl;Lf;Fj; jf;fd gyd;”
“Nfhop nfhj;jpg; nghWf;fpNa jhd;> tFj;ij newg;gpf;fZk;”
“nkhjy;y fOj;jpy jhypiaf; fl;L> mg;Gwk; ifiag; Gb”
“jq;fs; fz;zPiuj; Jilf;fj; jq;fs; iffNs jhd; cjTk;”
Mrphpah; ehty;fspy; gonkhopfisf; $Wtjd; %yk;
ghj;jpuq;fspd; czh;r;rpfis ntspf; nfhzh;fpwhh;.
gp - 294
‘vyp tisd;dhYk; jdp tisahNtZk;
‘fy;Yny ehh; chpr;Rg; NghLthd;D
‘ey;yh cLk;Gg; GbahfNt nfl;bah Gbr;Rf; NfhZk;
‘rpj;jk; Nghf;F rptk; Nghf;Fq;fw fzf;fhTy;y MapUf;Fk;
‘Nehthk Nehk;gp Fk;gpLgtshf
‘gQ;rj;Jf;F co te;j khl;il> gy;nyg; gpbr;Rg; gyd; ghh;j;jhw; Nghy;
‘jiyf;F Ntw rPtf;fhah . . .,dp jhbf;F Ntw rPtf;fhah (fp. th)
‘xiyf;fh nfhz;nl vJdhy FYq;FJd;dh . . . jhok;g+r; Rk;khL
jiy neiwahd;D nfhd;d fijahl;le;jh (fp. th)
‘ghl;lhspf;Fg; gj;J ts;sk;dh> ,dpr;r thaDf;F ,UgJ ts;skhk
‘fiug;gh; fiuj;jhy; fy;Yk; $lf; fiugl;LtpLk; (fp. th)
‘nkhsr;r gapU . . . ntisQ;R> fjpUTl;Lj; jhnd MNfhZk;
‘vwq;fpg; Nghapf; fOtpf;fpNyd;dh Mj;Jf;Ff; Nflh? ,y;ny . . .
#j;Jf;Ff; Nflh? (fp . th)
‘jhAk; Gs;isahdhYk; thAk; tapWk; NtWjhNd”
‘Nky tPRd fy;Y vg;gbAk; neyj;Jf;F te;J jhnd MNfhZk;
‘NghAk; NghAk; ngUehpf;fpl;l nts;shl;Lf; Fl;bnag; GLr;rpf; FLj;j
fzf;fhtpy;ny ,Uf;FJ”
‘ey;y kuj;Jy edwahDOe;jhg;gy”
‘ey;yh ghLgl;l ifap ve;jg; gQ;rj;Jf;Fk; mruhJ
gp - 295
gpd;dpizg;G gpd;dpizg;G gpd;dpizg;G gpd;dpizg;G – 5 5 5 5
tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fs;tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fs;tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fs;tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fs;
nfhq;Fj; jkpo;:nfhq;Fj; jkpo;:nfhq;Fj; jkpo;:nfhq;Fj; jkpo;:
#Hafhe;jd; fpof;F thdj;ij vopy; kpF thdkhf;Fk; Nehf;fpy;
nfhq;Fj; jkpio ed;F gad;gLj;jpAs;shh;. Fij khe;jh;fspd; ciuahlypy;
nfhq;F tl;lhuj; jkpiof; ifahz;Ls;s Mrphpah;> mjpy; gpw tl;lhu my;yJ
nghJj;jkpo; eilia CLUthky; jLj;Js;shh;.
Nfhq;Fj; jpkpOf;Nf chpa ciueilr; nrhy;yhd “cq;nfh” > “cq;f” vd;gd
njhlhpd; ,Wjpapy; gutyhff; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j tpFjp khpahij> md;G
fye;j czh;it ntspg;gLj;JtjhFk;.
‘ehskpj;j ehS ek;k Njhl;lj;Jf;F
th;yhk;Djhq;f khkh ehDk;
,Ue;NjDq;f”
‘nrhpj;jhDq;f’
‘khg;Gns gh;f;fpwhg;gpb ,Ue;jh NjTyhk;
cd;dKk; MLfns Nka;r;Rl;L> nfhQ;Nrh>
NjhZJq;nfh> gphpag;gl;lDq;f’
nfhq;F ehl;Lf;Nf chpa gy rpwg;Gr; nrhw;fs; fpof;F thdj;jpy; jhuskhff;
fhzg;gLfpd;wd. Mtw;Ws; rpytw;W ,q;F jUjy; rpwg;ghFk;.
‘Nehk;gp (Nehd;G)> nefhhpr;R (Jzpe;J)> nehz;b tpy;Y (ftl;il tpy;>
cz;il tpy;) nghwe;jtd;> nghwe;jtkhU> [fhT (,lk;)> vd;u> rpy;yhe;jl;b
(tPz;nryT) rLj;jk; (tUj;jk;> rz;il)> jhl;Lk; (NghJk;) Nkhl;Nlj;jk;
gp - 296
(vfj;jhsk;)> fq;fzNahfk;> cdp> Mj;jhtpfs; (ngz;fs;)> ma;ad;> XRd> nghpa
mg;gpr;rp> vr;R> nfTHj;jp> ,l;Nlwp> Nrhj;Jg; Nghrp> mk;kpzp nghWgl
(nghWj;Jf; nfhs;s)
NfhaKj;J}H tl;lhuj;jpw;Nf chpa tof;Fr; nrhw;fis jk; ehty;fspy;
mjpfkhfg; gad;gLj;jpAs;shh;. Me;jr; nfhr;fs; nghUs; Ghpahj Gjpa nrhw;fshf
,Ue;jhYk; ehty; thrpg;gpd; NghJ ,lr; $oYf;Nfw;g vspjpy; nghUs; Ghpe;J
nfhs;sNt Kbfpd;wJ.
gz;lk; ghbfs; (khLfs;)
rpyhf;fpakhf (trjpahf)
grg;ghfp (gRikahfp)
kuhkj;Jg; gzp (guhkhpg;G Ntiy)
Kz;lg; nguhzp (tpjit)
ehshrhpjpah (ehSf;F ehs;)
jpuhzp (ijhpak;)
Mrhuk; (tPl;bd; Kd;gFjp)
fhis (njd;id> gidkl;ilfshy; Nta;e;j ,Ug;gplk;)
fd;ilr; nrhwfd;ilr; nrhwfd;ilr; nrhwfd;ilr; nrhw;fs;;fs;;fs;;fs;
NehLjphp (ftdp > ,q;Nf ghh;)
XLjphp (XbtpL)
gp - 297
NkYk; Nfhit tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fshd neidf;NfhZk;> NghahNfhZk;>
nrhy;NyhZk;> nra;jhNfhZk;> njhpNahZk;> nra;NahZk;> ve;jphpf;NfhZk;> vd;u>
cd;u Kjypa nrhw;fs; ehty;fspy; mjpfkhf ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
tpijr; Nrhsk; ehty; KOtJk; nghUj;jkhd ,lq;fspy; vy;yhk;
msthd tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fis ,ay;ghf ifahz;bUf;fpwhh;.
cjhuzkhf>
“ghLglhk ,Ue;jtpaNs MUq; nfilahJ! . . . rhTg; gfYd;D
tpj;J Ntrkpy;yhk nrkg;ghL gl;ltpf
Cl;Lf;F xUj;juhr;Rk; ,Ug;ghq;f . . . mNjhl kl;Lkpy;iy> ve;j
Kd;Ndj;jKk; ,y;yhk cRU xlk;gTl;Lg; gphpapwtiuapYk; rq;fpg; Nghap>
nflapy tpOe;jtpfisAk; fk;kpjhd;D nrhy;NyhZk; . . . rPf;F te;J
mOe;jdtpfSk; cz;L . . . NehT nehbNahlNt f\;lg;gl;Lf;fpl;L Nty
ntl;bfisr; nrQ;rpl;bUe;jtpfSk; cz;L”
mhpfphpg;G . . . tTj;j neg;gpf;f . . . jpYg;gpf;FL . . . rPtf;fl;il . . .
xuk;giw . . . ek;ksg; ngyj;jptpa . . . vd;gd Nghd;W gy tl;lhu tof;Fr;
nrhw;fs; mwpaf; fpilf;fpd;wd. ,J jtpu khjhhpf; FLk;gj;jpdh; rpyh;
jq;fSf;Fs;shf nfhr;irj; njYq;fpy; Ngrpf; nfhs;tJ
“mf;fh ,e;jh cz;NlT . . . nfhr;Nrh uh kQ;r;rp Jg;Gl;LY
nfhz;Lf;fpdp xr;Rz;LNa thhp”
‘Vnlhj;J Ne nkj;jh cz;Nl Kuh . . . Nekj;jh cz;NlK
,g;GLjhd; xr;Nrth?
“,l;y NrNrNt ,njj;jh kQ:r;rpJ fhJ”
gp - 298
“ehndhFl;b ml;nyy;yh NyJ! M nkhf thz;L jh ,f;nfl xr;rp
khl;lhbfpdp cz;b”
X . . . ,e;Jjh cz;Nlth . . . NeD me;J nght;tp #rpNtrp
xr;NrD” .
vd;gd Nghd;w njYq;F nkhopg; gpu Nahfq;fs; gyUf;F tpsq;fpdhYk; xU
rpyUf;F tpsq;fhky; ,Uf;ff; $Lk;. ,t;thf;fpaq;fisj; jkpo;gLj;jp
,UfpNuNa milg;Gf; Fwpf;Fs; Nghl;bUw;jhy; vy;NyhUk; Ghpe;J
nfhz;bUg;ghh;fs; . . . Ngr;rpd; ,ilNa Mrphpahpd; FWf;fPlhf mike;Jtplf;
$Lk; vd;Nw njYq;Fg; Ngr;Rf;fis mg;gbNa tpl;bUg;ghh; vd;Nw
Njhd;WfpwJ.
‘khdhthhp kdpjh;fspy;’ nfhq;F tl;lhu tof;Fr; nrhw;fs;
ifahsg;gl;lhYk;> nghUs; Ghpahky; jtpf;Fk; tz;zk; nrhw;fs; Msg;gl
tpy;iy> tl;hur; #o; epiyapy; thOfpd;w kf;fs; NgRfpd;w nkhopapy; Ngr;Rr;
nrhw;fSk; nfhr;irr; nrhw;fSk;> gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fSk; tputp tUtjhy; Ngr;Rj;
jkpopd; MSikia czu KbfpwJ.
‘vd;u nghpa Gs;nsnaf; FLj;jJ Rkhuhd FLk;ge;jh cg;g
mtpf ghU Gs;shr;rpny gUj;jpf; nfhl;il fil ntr;R ey;y
nkhiwapy ,Uf;fwhq;f! mLj;jtns gy;ylj;Jf;Ff; FLj;Jr;R
mq;fj;j gz;zaKk; guthy;ny! te;Jk; Nghap ,tnsj;jh eh
Vkhe;J Nkf;nf FLj;jJ jg;Gd;D vd;u jhapjfhuUf vy;yhUNk
Fj;jwhq;Nf”
vd;W kapyhj;jhspd; je;ij NgRk; Ngr;rpy; tl;lhug; Ngr;rpd; ,ay;igf;
fhzKbfpwJ.
gp - 299
gpd;dpigpd;dpigpd;dpigpd;dpizzzzg;Gg;Gg;Gg;G – 6 6 6 6
fiyr; nrhw;fs;fiyr; nrhw;fs;fiyr; nrhw;fs;fiyr; nrhw;fs;
NfhaKj;J}H tl;lhuj;jpw;Nf chpa tof;Fr; nrhw;fis jk;
ehty;fspy; mjpfkhfg; gad;gLj;jpAs;shh;. me;jr; nrhw;fs; nghUs;
Ghpahj Gjpa nrhw;fshf ,Ue;jhYk; ehty; thrpg;gd;NghJ ,lr;
#oYf;Nfw;g vspjpy; nghUs; Ghpe;J nfhs;sNt Kbfpd;wJ.
gz;lk; ghbfs; - khLfs;
rpyhf;fpakhf - trjpahf
gRg;ghfp - gRikahfp
Nghrp - J}f;F thsp
kuhkj;Jg; gzp - guhkhpg;G Ntiy
mJf; nfhrwk; - mjw;Fg; gpd;
Kz;lg; nghuzp - tpjit
ehsh rhpjpah - ehSf;F ehs;
vr;R - mjpfk;
jpuhzp - ijhpak;
ehskpj;hehS - ehis kWehs;
Mrhuk; - tPl;bd; Kd; gFjp
rhis - njd;id> gid kl;ilfshy; Nta;e;j
,Ug;gplk;.
Nehk;gp - Nehd;G
gp - 300
rpy;yhe; jl;b - tPz; nryT
jhl;Lk; - NghJk;
,l;Nlwp - kz;jlk;> tz;bg; ghij
nghWgl - nghWj;Jf; nfhs;
Nkhl;Nlj;jk; - vfj;jhsk;
nghwe;jtd; - rNfhjud;
vd;u - vd;Dila
rLj;jk; - tUj;jk;> rz;il
fq;fzNahfk; - fy;ahz Nahfk;
XRd - Nahrid
nfTHj;jp - nfsutk;
nehz;b tpy;Y - ftl;il tpy;> cz;il tpy;
ma;ad; - mg;gh
[fhT - ,lk;
nghwe;jtkhU - rNfhjhpfs;
nghpa mg;gpr;rp - nghpag;gh
nefhhpr;R - Jzpe;J
mf;ahdk; - mwptpd;ik
mKril - nkype;J Nghjy;
cUkhiy - jiyg;ghif
vJf;fhiy - vjpNu
vype;jhhp - ,sk;gpuhaj;jtH
gp - 301
R+l;bg;G - jpwik
jpz;b - gUkd;
Njhjhf - trjpahf
njhLg;Gf - njhlHG
jfyhW - gpur;rpid
fhzk; - nrf;fhl;Ljy;
nfhdh - fdT
nehk;gyk; - Jd;gk;>Neha;
ngul;L - tje;jp
nkhrf;fwp - Kay;fwp
Ka;g;gzk; - nkha;g;gzk;
tYrY - typik
kpj;jJfis - kw;witfis
kUthjp - khpahij
nghof;Fthrp - gpwg;gplk;
tTwhu - tapwhu
tO - ,Ug;gplk;
tsj;jhkah - Rfkhf
ntfhwp - ntWg;G
ntl;b itr;R - jplkhf>mOj;jkhf
gp - 302
Ntf;ahdk; - jj;Jtk;
ut;NthLut;th - ,uNtL ,uhthf
nghlzp - gpd; fOj;J
njldh - jplkhf
jhl;Lk; - NghJk;
rpj;nj - rpwpJ
xytk; - ,ytk;