khmer civil engineering thesis book - cambodian mekong university (academic year 2011-2015) - khmer...
TRANSCRIPT
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(ACI 318-08)
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............................................................................................. .................................................................................................... ................................................................................................... i ...................................................................................... iv .............................................................................................................. vi ..................................................................................................... xxx ..................................................................................................xxxiv ................................................................................................... xl ......................................................................................... .. ........................................................... .. .................................................. .. ........................................................ .. ........................................ .. ................................................. ........................................... .. .............................................................................. ... ............................................................... .... ? ............................................................. .... ........................................................... . .. ....................................................................... .. .............................. ... ....................................................................... ... ................................ .... ............................................. .... ................................................. ... ...............................................................
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... .................................................................................... ... .................................................................... ... ........................................... ... ........................................................................... ... ............................................................................... ... ................................................................................. ... ................................................................ ... .................................................... ..................................................... .. ................................................... ... ........................................... ... ........................................................................... ... ........................................................................ ... .............................................................................. ... ............................................................................. .. ........................................... ... .......................................... ... .............................................. .... .............................................................. .... ................................................... .... .......................... .. ........................................................ ... ............................................................... ... ................................................................. ..................... .. ....................................................................... ... ...................................................................... .... ....................................................................... .... ....................................................
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.... .................................................. .... .................................................... .... ........................................................... .... ................................................. .... ........................................................................... ... ................................................................ .... .......................................................................... .... ............................................................... .... ............................................................................. .... .......................................................................... .... .......................................................................... ... ....................................... .... ........................................................ .... ................................................. .... ......................................... .. .......................... ... ........................................................ ... ..................................................... .... .......................................................................... .... .................................................................. .... ...................................................................... .. ........................................................ .. ......................................... ... ........................................... ... ........................................................ ... .......................................................... ... ......................................................................... ... ..................................................................... ... ...............................................................
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... ............................................................. ... ............................................................... ... ........... .. .............................................................................. ... ........................................................................... ... .............................................. .... GF-B1 ................................................... ..... ........................................... ..... .................. ..... .................. ..... ............... ..... ........... ..... ......... ..... ....... ..... ................................. ..... ........................ ..... .................... .... GF-B3 .................................................. ..... ........................................... ..... .................. ..... .................. ..... ............... ..... ........... ..... ........ ..... ....... ..... ................................ ..... ....................... ..... .................. .. ...........................................
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... .......................................................................... .... ........................................ .... ........................................... ... .................................... .... ............................ .... ............................. .... .................. .... ........... .... .................................... ..... ............. ..... .......... ..... ........ ..... ..... .... ........................................ .... ................................ .... .............................. ... .................... .... ........................... .... ........................... .... .................................. .... ................................. .... ....................................... .... ................................ .... ............................. .. ........................................ ... ............................. ... ................................. ... ............. .... .........................................................
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.... ....................... .... ............... ..... .................................. ..... ....................... .... .................................... .... ........................................... .... ............................. .... ...................................... .... ................................................. .... ................................................... ..... ....................................................... ..... Elastic Shortening of Concrete ........... ..... Anchorage Setting Losses ................. ..... Friction Losses ................................. ..... Creep Losses .................................... ..... Shrinkage Losses .............................. ..... Relaxation Losses ............................ .... Grouting of Post-Tensioned Tendons ........................... .... Stressing Sequence of Post-Tensioned Tendon ........... ... ....................................... .... .......................... .... ............................... .... ................................. .... N-S .............................. ..... .............................. ..... Tendon .......................... ..... Tendon ... ..... .................. ..... ........
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xii
..... .......................... ..... ............. ..... ............................................... .... E-W ............................ ..... ............................. ..... Tendon ......................... ..... Tendon ... ..... .................. ..... ........ ..... .......................... ..... ............. ..... ................ .... ....................... .... ............................ .... ................................ ... ....................... .... .......................... .... ................................ .... ................................. .... N-S .............................. ..... .............................. ..... Tendon .......................... ..... Tendon ... ..... .................. ..... ........ ..... .......................... ..... ............. ..... .............................................. .... E-W .............................
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..... .............................. ..... Tendon .......................... ..... Tendon .. ..... .................. ..... ........ ..... .......................... ..... ............. ..... ................ .... ....................... .... ............................ .... ................................ .. ...................................................................... ... ........................................................................ ... GF-C1 .................................. .... ................... .... ........................................... .... ................... .... ................. ..... .................................. ..... .................................... ..... ............................................... .... ............................. .... ............................... ..... .......... ..... Reciprocal Load Method ... ..... Interaction Diagram ......... .... ...................................... .. ..................................................................... ... ........................................................................
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xiv
... .................................................................... ... Single-flight Stair .................................. .... ..................................................... .... ............................... .... ....................................................... .... ................................ .... ............................. .... .................................... .... ............................ .... .......................... ... Three-flight Stair .................................. .... .................................................... .... .............................. .... ...................................................... .... ................................ .... ............................. .... .................................... .... ............................ .... ........................... .. ............................................. ... ................................................ ... ..................................... ... ........................ .... ................................... .... ........................................... .... .................................... .... .................................. .... ....................... .... ...............
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.... ..... .... ......... ... ...................... .... ..................................... .... ..................................... .... .................................. .... ..................... .... ............... .... .......... .. Shear Wall ................................................ ... .................................................................... ... Shear Wall .................... .... ...................... .... .............. ..... .............................................. ..... ........................................... .... .... .... ........................................ ... ............................. .... ....................... .... ............. ..... .............................................. ..... ........................................... .... ... .... ....................................... .. ................................................................ ... ? ............................................................. ... ................................ ... ...............................................................
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.... .............................. .... .............................. .... ........................................ ... ............................................... .... ................. .... .... .... ............ .... ... .... ................... .... ................. .... ............. .... ................ ... ............................. ... P(A1) .............................. .... ................. .... ............. .... ............ .... ............ .... ................... .... ................. .... ............. .... ................ ... P(B1) ............................. .... ................ .... ............. .... ........... .... ........... .... .................. .... .................
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.... ............ .... ................ ... P(C1) ............................... .... ................ .... ............. .... ............ .... ............ .... ................... .... ................. .... ............. .... ................ ... P(D1) .............................. .... ................. .... ............. .... ............ .... ............ .... ................... .... ................. .... ............. .... ............... ... P(E1) ............................ .... ............... .... ........... .... ......... .... ......... .... ................ .... ............... .... .......... .... .............
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xviii
... P(F1) ............................ .... ............... .... .......... .... ........ .... ........ .... ............... .... .............. .... .......... .... ............. ... P(A3) ............................ .... ............... .... .......... .... ......... .... ......... .... ................ .... ............... .... .......... .... ............. ... P(B3) ........................... .... .............. .... .......... .... ........ .... ......... .... ............... .... .............. .... ......... .... ............. ... P(F3) ............................ .... ..............
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.... ........... .... ......... .... ........ .... ............... .... .............. .... ......... .... ............ ... P(E3) ........................... .... .............. .... .......... .... ........ .... ........ .... ............... .... .............. .... ......... .... ............ ... P(C3) ........................... .... .............. .... .......... .... ........ .... ........ .... ............... .... .............. .... ......... .... ........... ... P(D3) ......................... .... ............. .... ......... .... ........
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.... ....... .... .............. .... ............ .... ......... .... ............ ... Consolidation Settlement ................. .. Pile Cap .............................................................. ... Pile Cap ? .......................................................... ... Pile Cap ........................... ... Pile Cap ................................. .... .......................................... .... Pile Cap .............................................. .... .............................................. .... ......................................... .... ............................ .... ............................. .... ................................... .... .......................................... .... ...................... .... ..................... ... ............................. .... Pile Cap A1 ................................. ..... .................................... ..... Pile Cap ....................................... ..... ........................................ ..... .................................. ..... ................... ..... ...................... ..... ............................
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..... ................................... ..... ............... .... ............... .... Pile Cap B1 ................................. ..... .................................... ..... Pile Cap ...................................... ..... ....................................... ..... ................................. ..... .................... ..... ....................... ..... ............................ ..... ................................... ..... ............... .... .............. .... Pile Cap C1 ............................... ..... .................................. ..... Pile Cap ...................................... ..... ...................................... ..... ................................. ..... .................... ..... ...................... ..... ........................... ..... .................................. ..... ............. .... .............. .... Pile Cap D1 ................................. ..... .................................... ..... Pile Cap ....................................... ..... ........................................
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..... ................................. ..... ................... ..... ...................... ..... .......................... ..... ................................. ..... .............. .... .............. .... Pile Cap E1 ................................ ..... ................................... ..... Pile Cap ...................................... ..... ....................................... ..... ................................. ..... .................. ..... ...................... ..... ........................... ..... ................................... ..... ............... .... ............... .... Pile Cap F1 ................................. ..... .................................... ..... Pile Cap ....................................... ..... ....................................... ..... ................................. ..... ................... ..... ....................... ..... ............................ ..... ................................... ..... ............... .... ...............
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.... Pile Cap A3 ............................... ..... .................................. ..... Pile Cap ....................................... ..... ....................................... ..... ................................. ..... .................... ..... ...................... ..... ........................... ..... .................................. ..... ............. .... ............. .... Pile Cap B3 ................................ ..... ................................... ..... Pile Cap ....................................... ..... ........................................ ..... .................................. ..... .................... ..... ....................... ..... ........................... ..... ................................... ..... ............... .... ............... .... Pile Cap C3 ................................. ..... .................................... ..... Pile Cap ....................................... ..... ........................................ ..... .................................. ..... .................... ..... .......................
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..... ............................ ..... ................................... ..... ............... .... ............... .... Pile Cap D3 .............................. ..... ................................. ..... Pile Cap ..................................... ..... ..................................... ..... ............................... ..... .................. ..... .................... ..... ......................... ..... ................................. ..... ............ .... ............ .... Pile Cap E3 ............................... ..... ................................. ..... Pile Cap ..................................... ..... ..................................... ..... ............................... ..... .................. ..... .................... ..... ......................... ..... ................................. ..... ............ .... ............ .... Pile Cap F3 ............................... ..... ................................. ..... Pile Cap ....................................
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..... ..................................... ..... ............................... ..... ................. ..... .................... ..... ........................ ..... ............................... ..... ............ .... ............ .. Basement Wall ........................................... ... ..................................................................... ... ......................................... .... ................................. .... ......................... .... .................................. ... ............................. .... ............... .... ...... .... ............... .... ...................... ..... Cantilever .............................. ..... Propped Cantilever ................. .... .............................. ..... ................ ..... ................... ..... ................ ..... ...................... ..... ................... .... ................ .... ........
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.... ............................... ................ .. ........................................................ ... ............................................................... .... .................. .... ................................ .... .............................................. .... ................ .... .................. .... ................................................... .... ................. ... ................................................. ... ......................................... .... ................................................... .... ........................................................... ... ........................... .... ............................................................ .... ...................................... .... ........................... .... ................................................ .... .......................... .... ................. ..... Shear Wall .............................. ..... ......................... ..... ................................................... ..... ..................................................... ..... ................................. ..... ....................... ..... .............................
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..... ....................................... ..... ................................................ ..... ................................................... ... ........................................... ... .......................................................... .... ...................................................................... .... ( ) ............................................... .... ............................................................................ .... ..................................................... ... .................................. .... ......................................................... .... ............................................... .... ............................................ .... .................................. ..... .................................................. ..... ....................................................... ... ........................................................................ .... .................................................. .... .................................... ..... ............................................................ ..... .......................................................... .. ..................................................... ... ........................................................... .... ............................... .... .......................... ... ....................... .... ..................... .... ...... ..... ..............
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..... ............. ..... ............ ..... .................................. ..... ........................... ..... ............. .... .... ... ........................................................................... .. ......................... ... ............................................... .... ............................... .... ...................................... ..... ...................................... ..... .............................................. ..... ............................................... ..... ................................ ..... ........................................ ... ............................ ... .................................................. ... ...................................................... .... ................................... .... ................... .... ......................... .... .......................................................... .... ........................... .... ..... .................................. .. ......................................................................... .. ..................................................................................
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.................................................... .. ......................................................................... .. ............................................................................... ............................................................................................. ................................................................................. ....................................................................... ......................................................................... ....................................................... ................................................................
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.. ( ) .................................................................. .. ................................................................... .. ............................................................. .. ............................................... .. , ........................................... .. ................................................................ .. ......................................... .. - ....................... .. - ........................ .. - ................... .. - ................ .. .......................................................................... .. Coefficient for Negative Moment in Slab .................................... .. Coefficient for Dead Load Positive Moment in Slab ..................... .. Coefficient for Live Load Positive Moment in Slab ..................... .. .......................................................................... .. Span/Depth ........................................................... .. ........................................................... .. .............................................. .. Serviceability Design Requirements ........................................ .. Wobble and Curvature Friction Coefficients ............................ .. Post-Tensioned Member ......................... .. Dimension of Anchorage ....................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Self-weight ........................................ .. Moment Distribution of PT .................................................... .. Combination Moment ........................................................
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.. Result Moment................................................................... .. Stress at Transver ............................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Dead Load ..................................... .. Combination Moment ....................................................... .. Check Stress at Service ...................................................... .. Moment Distribution of ULS ............................................... .. Combination Moment ....................................................... .. Check Moment................................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Self-Weight .................................... .. Moment Distribution of PT ................................................. .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Stress at Transver .................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Service Load................................... .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Stress at Service ....................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Service Load .................................. .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Moment ................................................................. .. Moment Distribution of Punching ....................................... .. Moment Distribution of Punching ....................................... .. Moment Distribution of Net Load ....................................... .. Moment Distribution of Net Load ....................................... .. Moment Distribution of Self-weight .................................... .. Moment Distribution of PT ................................................. .. Combination Moment ....................................................... .. Result Moment ................................................................. .. Stress at Transver .............................................................. .. Moment Distribution of Dead Load .....................................
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.. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Stress at Service ....................................................... .. Moment Distribution of ULS .............................................. .. Combination Moment ....................................................... .. Check Moment................................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Self-Weight .................................... .. Moment Distribution of PT ................................................. .. Combination Moment ....................................................... .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Stress at Transver ..................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Service Load ................................... .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Stress at Service ....................................................... .. Moment Distribution of Service Load .................................. .. Combination Moment ........................................................ .. Check Moment .................................................................. .. Moment Distribution of Punching ........................................ .. Moment Distribution of Punching........................................ .. Moment Distribution of Net Load ........................................ .. Moment Distribution of Net Load ........................................ .. GF-C1 ....................................................... .. ............. .. x ......... .. y ........... .. ............. .. ............. .. ............................ .. GF-C1 ....................... .. ......................................................................
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xxxiii
.. ............................... .. ...................................................... .. .................................................................. .. Standard Penetration Specification ....................................... .. Consolidated Settlement ...................................................... .. ............................................................................... .. .............................................. .. ................................................. .. ............................................................. .. ................................................. .. .............................................................. .. ............................................................ .. ................................................. .. .................................... .. .......................................................... .. ...... .. .............................. .. ............................ .. ..................
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. ........................................................................ . ................................................... . ..................................................................... .. ............................................ .. ........................................................... .. - ............................................. .. - .............................................. .. GF-B1 ............................................................. .. ................................ .. GF-B1 ................................................................ .. GF-B1 ......................................................... .. GF-B1 ................................................. .. GF-B1 d .......................... .. GF-B1 ...................... .. GF-B1 Service ................ .. GF-B1 Service ............. .. .................................................... .. ............. .. ............. .. GF-B3 .......................................................... .. GF-B3 .............................................................. .. GF-B3 ...................................................... .. GF-B3 ............................................. .. GF-B3 d ........................ .. GF-B3 .................... .. GF-B3 Service ............
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.. GF-B3 Service ......... .. .............. .. ...................................................... .. ................ .. ................ .. ..................................... .. ............................... .. ................................................ .. ........................................................ .. ................................. .. ............................................. .. ....................................................... .. ............................................................ .. ................... .. Stress-Relaxation Relationship in Stress-Relieved Strands .............. .. Banded Tendon Anchorage ......................................................... .. ............................. .. 3D ............................... .. ............................................................... .. .................................................................. .. .............................................................. .. ......................................... .. .............................. .. 3D ............................... .. ............................................................... .. ............................... .. ................................................................... .. ............................................................. .. .........................................
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xxxvi
.. .......................................... .. 3D GF-C1 () ........... .. 2D GF-C1 () ........... .. 3D GF-C1 () ............. .. 2D GF-C1 () ............. .. Alignment Chart ........................................................... .. GF-C1 ..................... .. Balanced Condition ......................... .. .................................... .. (Interaction Diagram) ................... .. ............................................... .. ......................................... .. GF-C1 ........................................ .. Single-flight Stair ............................................. .. Single-flight Stair .......................................... .. ................................................................ .. .................................................. .. ............ .. ............ .. Three-flight Stair ............................................ .. Three-flight Stair .......................................... .. ................................................................ .. ....................................................... .. ........................... .. ............................... .. .......................... .. Shear Wall ............................................ .. Shear Wall ......................................................... .. ..................................
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xxxvii
.. .......................................... .. P(A1) .................................................... .. P(B1) .................................................... .. P(C1) ..................................................... .. P(D1) ..................................................... .. P(E1) ..................................................... .. P(F1) ...................................................... .. P(A3) ..................................................... .. P(B3) ................................................... .. P(F3) ................................................... .. P(E3) .................................................. .. P(C3) ................................................. .. P(D3) ................................................ .. Consolidation Settlement ......................... .. m-m .................................... .. ................................................ .. Pile Cap A1 ........................................................ .. Pile Cap A1 ................................... .. Pile Cap B1 ......................................................... .. Pile Cap B1 ................................... .. Pile Cap C1 ....................................................... .. Pile Cap C1 .................................. .. Pile Cap D1......................................................... .. Pile Cap D1 ................................ .. Pile Cap E1 ..................................................... .. Pile Cap E1 ................................ .. Pile Cap F1 ...................................................... .. Pile Cap F1 ................................. .. Pile Cap A3 .....................................................
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xxxviii
.. Pile Cap A3 ............................... .. Pile Cap B3 .................................................... .. Pile Cap B3 ................................ .. Pile Cap C3 ...................................................... .. Pile Cap C3 ................................. .. Pile Cap D3 ...................................................... .. Pile Cap D3 ................................ .. Pile Cap E3 ..................................................... .. Pile Cap E3 ................................. .. Pile Cap F3 ...................................................... .. Pile Cap F3 ................................. .. ................................................... .. ..................... .. ...................... .. .......................................... .. .............................................................. .. ....................................... .. ................................................... .. ............................................... .. ....................... .. .................................................. .. .......................................... .. ............................................................ .. .................................... .. ............................................. .. .............................................................................. .. ............................ .. ..................................................... .. ..............
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.. ...................................... .. .................................................... .. ................ .. ....................................... .. ................................ .. .......................... .. ................................. .. .................................................... .. ..................................................................... .. .................................................... .. ................................................................... .. ................................................. .. ................................................................. .. ...........................
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xl
stress
Wobble Tendon
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xli
Dowel Stress shear flow
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xlii
Pile Cap Pile Cap Number of blows
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xliii
Jacking Jacking End
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xliv
stress
Strain Yield strain Poisson
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1
() -
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2
..
.% ()
-
. ( Cambridge Advanced Learner 3rd Edition)
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3
. ( Cambridge Advanced Learner 3rd Edition)
. ( Cambridge Advanced Learner 3rd Edition)
. ( )
. ( ) (Unit)
..
( , 2015) ? ?
..
-
-
- (ACI 318-08) - (program)
-
4
-
?
() Shear Wall - -
..
-
5
-
..
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-
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- (Project Schedule Management)
-
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6
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...
.... ?
= +
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=
-
7
(Wikipedia, , 2015)
....
(Wikipedia, , 2015)
-
. ..
-
8
..
- (ACI 318-08)
.. .
Beton Arm
-
9
(Wikipedia, Reinforced Concrete, 2015)
...
....
-
-
-
-
- ()
-
-
-
-
....
-
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
...
Pre-Contraint (M. Nadim Hassoun & Akthem Al-Manaseer, 2008)
...
-
11
(Dead Load) (Live Load) (ASCE, 2006)
... (Bending Moment)
(Wikipedia, Moment (physics), 2015) () ()
... (Shear and Normal Force)
(Tension) (Compression)
... (Torsional Moment)
-
12
... (Deflection)
(Wikipedia, Deflection (enginerring), 2015)
... (Settlement)
... (Strain)
... (Stress)
Tensile Stress Compressive Stress
-
13
-
14
..
...
.
...
-
15
...
C (F) - C (F)
C C (.F F)
- .C .C C .C ( C)
.
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16
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( %) ( %) (Country-Meters, 2015)
% % % % .% (Wikipedia, Demegraphic of Cambodia, 2015)
% . . :
% - % (UNICEF)
-
17
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(Council for the Development of Cambodia, CDC) , ,
% % %
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% (, 2015)
-
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( , 2015)
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24
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. .
....
. . . . . .
-
25
. (5MPa) - (15MPa) .
....
....
....
-
-
26
....
(Unit) () (Sky bar)
....
(Terrace) (Elevator) %
...
....
(Shear Wall)
-
27
....
( )
....
....
-
28
.... (Double L-shaped)
. ( )
...
....
(Riser) (Septic Tank)
( )
-
29
Fire Hydrant
....
....
..
-
30
...
- (ACI 318-08), (ASCE/SEI 7-05)
...
....
- - (
) -
....
- (Deformed Bar)
- (Round Bar) - -
....
- - -
-
31
..
- (Dead Load)
- (Live Load)
- (Environmental Load) () ( )
(Load Combinations) (Load Factors)
ASCE 7-05 ()
Ultimate Limit State (ULS)
-
32
( ) ( )
Serviceable Limit State (SLS) ( ) ( )
- - - - -
- -
..
ASCE7-05
- Simplified Procedure - Analytical Procedure - Wind Tunnel Procedure
-
33
(Simplified Procedure) (60ft) (Wind Tunnel Procedure) (Analytical Procedure)
( ) ( )
( )
... ( ) (Velocity Pressure Exposure
Coefficient)
(
)
( ( ) )
... ( ) (Topographic Factor)
( )
... ( ) (Wind Directionality Factor)
... ( ) (Basic Wind Speed)
(33ft)
-
34
( )
... ( ) (Importance Factor)
Category
Non-Hurricane Prone Regions and
Hurricane Prone Regions with
V = 85-100 mph and Alaska
Hurricane Prone Regions
with V > 100 mph
I 0.87 0.77
II 1.00 1.00
III 1.15 1.15
IV 1.15 1.15
.. ( ) (ASCE 7-05 Table 6-1)
... ( ) (Gust Effect Factor)
Rigid Building Flexible Building
Flexible Building Fundamental Natural Frequency 1Hz Rigid Building Fundamental Natural Frequency 1Hz
... ( ) (External Pressure Coefficient)
(Width of Windward Wall) (Width of Side Wall)
... ( ) (Product of Internal Pressure Coefficient and
Gust Effect Factor)
( ) ( )
...
.. Exposure B - ( ) .
-
35
(
)
( ) (..) (..)
(
)
(
)
..
.. (ASCE 7-05 Table 6-2)
- ( ) - ( ) (..)
-
36
.. (ASCE 7-05 Table 6-4)
-
TABLE1-1 OCCUPANCY CATEGORY OF BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES FOR FLOOD, WIND, SNOW, EARTHQUAKE, AND ICE LOADS
Nature of occupancy Occupancy
Category
Buildings and other structures that represent a low hazard to human life in the event of failure,
including, but not limited to:
Agricultural facilities
Certain temporary facilities
Minor storage
I
All buildings and other structures except those listed in Occupancy Categories I, III, and IV II
Buildings and other structures that represent a substantial hazard to human life in the event of
failure, including, but not limited to:
Buildings and other structures where more than 300 people congregate in one area
Buildings and other structures with daycare facilities with a capacity greater than 150
Buildings and other structures with elementary school or secondary school facilities with a capacity greater than 250
Buildings and other structures with a capacity greater than 500 for colleges or adult education facilities
Jails and detention facilities
Buildings and other structures, not included in Occupancy Category IV, with potential to cause a
substantial economic impact and/or mass disruption of day-to-day civilian life in the event of
III
-
37
failure, including, but not limited to:
Power generating station
Water treatment facilities
Sewage treatment facilities
Telecommunication centers
Buildings and other structures not included in Occupancy Category IV (including, but not
limited to, facilities that manufacture, process, handle, store, use, or dispose of such substances
as hazardous fuels, hazardous chemicals, hazardous waste, or explosives) containing sufficient
quantities of toxic of explosive substances to be dangerous to the public of released.
Buildings and other structures containing toxic or explosive substances shall be eligible for
classification as Occupancy Category II structures if it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of
the authority having jurisdiction by a hazard assessment as described in Section 1.5.2 that a
release of the toxic or explosive substances does not pose a threat to the public.
Building and other structures designated as essential facilities, including, but not limited to:
Hospitals and other health care facilities having surgery or emergency treatment facilities
Fire, rescue, ambulance, and police stations and emergency vehicle garages
Designated earthquake, hurricane, or other emergency shelters
Designated emergency preparedness, communication, and operation centers and other facilities required for emergency response
Power generating stations and other public utility facilities required in an emergency
Ancillary structures (including, but not limited to, communication towers, fuel storage tanks, cooling towers, electrical substation structures, fire water storage tanks or other structures
housing or supporting water, or other fire-suppression material or equipment) required for
operation of Occupancy Category IV structure during an emergency
Aviation control tower, air traffic control centers, and emergency aircraft hangars
Water storage facilities and pump structures required to maintain water pressure for fire suppression
Buildings and other structures having critical national defense functions
Buildings and other structures (including, but not limited to, facilities that manufacture, process,
handle, store, use, or dispose of such substances as hazardous chemicals, or hazardous waste)
containing highly toxic substances where the quantity of the material exceeds a threshold
quantity established by the authority having jurisdiction.
Building and other structures containing highly toxic substances shall be eligible for
classification as Occupancy Category II structure if it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of
the authority having jurisdiction by a hazard assessment as described in Section1.5.2 that a
release of the highly toxic substances does not pose a threat to the public. This reduced
classification shall not be permitted if the buildings or other structures also function as essential
facilities.
IV
Cogeneration power plants that do not supply power on the national grid shall be designated
Occupancy Category II.
.. (ASCE 7-05 Table 1-1)
- ( ) .. Category II
..
-
38
(Enclosed Building)
( ) ( ) ( ) 52.61 1.155 668.677 668.677 49.49 1.135 657.098 668.677 45.89 1.111 643.071 668.677 42.29 1.085 628.235 668.677 38.69 1.058 612.466 668.677 35.09 1.029 595.612 668.677 31.49 0.997 577.473 668.677 27.89 0.963 557.786 668.677 24.29 0.926 536.190 668.677 20.69 0.885 512.170 668.677 17.09 0.838 484.947 668.677 13.49 0.783 453.255 668.677 9.89 0.716 414.786 668.677
6.29 0.630 364.476 668.677 4.57 0.575 332.683 668.677
.. , - ( ) Rigid Building
- ( )
.. (ASCE 7-05 Figure 6-6)
Wall Pressure Coefficients, Surface L/B Use with
Windward Wall All values 0.8
Leeward Wall
0-1 -0.5
2 -0.3 -0.2
Side Wall All value -0.7
-
39
.. (ASCE 7-05 Figure 6-6)
- -
.. (Windward wall) (Leeward wall) (Side wall)
.. -
- -
.. Interpolation (Windward wall)
(Leeward wall) (Side wall)
-
40
.. -
- ( ) Enclosure Classification
Open Buildings 0.00
Partially Enclosed Buildings +0.55
-0.55
Enclosed Buildings +0.18
-0.18
.. (ASCE 7-05 Figure 6-5)
Enclosed Building ..
- Windward Side: ( ) ( ) Leeward Side: ( ) ( ) ( ) Side Wall: ( ) ( ) ( )
-
41
- Windward Side: ( ) ( ) Leeward Side: ( ) ( ) ( ) Side Wall: ( ) ( ) ( )
Windward Side Leeward Side Side Wall
334.338 575.062 -404.550 -163.826 -518.225 -277.501 326.465 567.189 -399.629 -158.905 -511.335 -270.612 316.927 557.650 -393.667 -152.943 -502.989 -262.266 306.838 547.561 -387.362 -146.638 -494.161 -253.438 296.115 536.839 -380.660 -139.936 -484.779 -244.056 284.654 525.378 -373.497 -132.773 -474.751 -234.027 272.320 513.044 -365.788 -125.064 -463.958 -223.235 258.933 499.656 -357.421 -116.697 -452.245 -211.521 244.248 484.971 -348.243 -107.519 -439.395 -198.671 227.914 468.637 -338.034 -97.310 -425.103 -184.379 209.402 450.126 -326.464 -85.741 -408.905 -168.182 187.852 428.576 -312.995 -72.272 -390.049 -149.325 161.693 402.416 -296.646 -55.922 -367.160 -126.436
127.482 368.205 -275.264 -34.540 -337.225 -96.501 105.862 346.586 -261.752 -21.028 -318.308 -77.584 .. - ( )
-
42
Windward Side Leeward Side Side Wall
334.338 575.062 -285.191 -44.467 -518.225 -277.501 326.465 567.189 -282.337 -41.613 -511.335 -270.612 316.927 557.650 -278.879 -38.155 -502.989 -262.266 306.838 547.561 -275.222 -34.498 -494.161 -253.438 296.115 536.839 -271.335 -30.611 -484.779 -244.056 284.654 525.378 -267.180 -26.457 -474.751 -234.027 272.320 513.044 -262.709 -21.985 -463.958 -223.235 258.933 499.656 -257.856 -17.132 -452.245 -211.521 244.248 484.971 -252.533 -11.809 -439.395 -198.671 227.914 468.637 -246.612 -5.888 -425.103 -184.379 209.402 450.126 -239.901 0.822 -408.905 -168.182 187.852 428.576 -232.089 8.634 -390.049 -149.325 161.693 402.416 -222.607 18.117 -367.160 -126.436
127.482 368.205 -210.205 30.519 -337.225 -96.501 105.862 346.586 -202.368 38.356 -318.308 -77.584 .. - ( )
- Windward Side Leeward Side Side wall
52.61m 575.062 N/m2 -404.550 N/m2 -518.225 N/m2 49.49m 567.189 N/m2 -399.629 N/m2 -511.335 N/m2 45.89m 557.650 N/m2 -393.667 N/m2 -502.989 N/m2 42.29m 547.561 N/m2 -387.362 N/m2 -494.161 N/m2 38.69m 536.839 N/m2 -380.660 N/m2 -484.779 N/m2
-
43
35.09m 525.378 N/m2 -373.497 N/m2 -474.751 N/m2 31.49m 513.044 N/m2 -365.788 N/m2 -463.958 N/m2 27.89m 499.656 N/m2 -357.421 N/m2 -452.245 N/m2 24.29m 484.971 N/m2 -348.243 N/m2 -439.395 N/m2 20.69m 468.637 N/m2 -338.034 N/m2 -425.103 N/m2 17.09m 450.126 N/m2 -326.464 N/m2 -408.905 N/m2 13.49m 428.576 N/m2 -312.995 N/m2 -390.049 N/m2 9.89m 402.416 N/m2 -296.646 N/m2 -367.160 N/m2
6.269m 368.205 N/m2 -275.264 N/m2 -337.225 N/m2 4.57m 346.586 N/m2 -261.752 N/m2 -318.308 N/m2 .. -
- Windward Side Leeward Side Side wall
52.61m 575.062 N/m2 -285.191 N/m2 -518.225 N/m2 49.49m 567.189 N/m2 -282.337 N/m2 -511.335 N/m2 45.89m 557.650 N/m2 -278.879 N/m2 -502.989 N/m2 42.29m 547.561 N/m2 -275.222 N/m2 -494.161 N/m2 38.69m 536.839 N/m2 -271.335 N/m2 -484.779 N/m2 35.09m 525.378 N/m2 -267.180 N/m2 -474.751 N/m2 31.49m 513.044 N/m2 -262.709 N/m2 -463.958 N/m2 27.89m 499.656 N/m2 -257.856 N/m2 -452.245 N/m2 24.29m 484.971 N/m2 -252.533 N/m2 -439.395 N/m2 20.69m 468.637 N/m2 -246.612 N/m2 -425.103 N/m2 17.09m 450.126 N/m2 -239.901 N/m2 -408.905 N/m2 13.49m 428.576 N/m2 -232.089 N/m2 -390.049 N/m2 9.89m 402.416 N/m2 -222.607 N/m2 -367.160 N/m2
6.269m 368.205 N/m2 -210.205 N/m2 -337.225 N/m2 4.57m 346.586 N/m2 -202.368 N/m2 -318.308 N/m2 .. -
-
44
..
...
- (Wikipedia, Beam (structure), 2015)
Tensile stress
...
..
.... GF-B1
.. GF-B1
-
45
..... ACI 318-08 ...
..
420MPa GF-B1
(
)
(
*
..... GF-B1 (Dead Load)
- - - -
-
46
(Live Load)
GF-B1
.. GF-B1
.....
(cover) , , , ,
( (
) )
-
47
(
)
(
*
(
)
(
)
(
+ (
)
.....
(
)
-
48
(
*
.....
(
)
(
*
(
)
(
)
(
+ (
)
-
49
.....
(
)
(
*
.....
.. GF-B1
| | ACI 318-08 ..
-
50
(
)
GF-B1
(
)
GF-B1
- ACI 318-08 ...
(
*
(
*
(
*
GF-B1
(( (
*) ( (
*)+
( (
*) ( (
*)
-
51
(
*
(
*
(
*
(
*
(
* (
*
(
)
(
)
(
)
-
shear flow ( )
-
(
*
-
52
,
(Jack C. McCormac & Russel H. Brown, 2014)
GF-B1 ( ) ( )
.....
GF-B1
.. GF-B1
- d
ACI 318-08 ... d
-
53
.. GF-B1 d
GF-B1
-
54
(
*
ACI 318-08 ... ( )
(
) (
*
GF-B1 d ACI 318-08 ... -
((
) (
)+
((
* (
*+
-
.. GF-B1
-
55
GF-B1
( )
(
) (
*
GF-B1 ((
* (
*+
-
56
.....
(Service Load)
.. GF-B1 Service
.. GF-B1 Service
-
57
-
(Compression fiber)
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
-
58
(
*
( (
*
)
(%) (Simple Beam)
(
+
..
-
59
ACI 318-08 ..
( )
( )
Period (months) 1 3 6 12 24 36 48 60 & over
0.5 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0
..
% % (Jack C. McCormac & Russel H. Brown, 2014)
(
*
-
60
.....
ACI 224-01 ..
..
( , )
( ) (concrete cover)
..
-
61
GF-B1
(
*
.. ACI 318-08
((
* (
*+
service load ( ) GF-B1
((
) (
),
GF-B1
( GF-B1 ) .... GF-B3
.. GF-B3
-
62
.....
(Continuous Beam)
(
)
(
*
..... GF-B3 GF-B1
GF-B3
.. GF-B3
.....
(cover) ,
, , ( (
) )
-
63
(
)
(
*
(
)
(
)
(
+ (
)
.....
-
64
(
)
(
*
.....
(
)
(
*
(
)
(
)
(
+ (
)
-
65
.....
(
)
(
*
.....
.. GF-B3
| |
GF-B3
-
66
(
)
GF-B3
-
(
*
(
*
(
*
(( (
*) ( (
*)+
( (
*) ( (
*)
(
*
(
*
(
*
(
*
(
* (
*
(
)
(
)
(
)
-
-
-
67
(
*
GF-B3 ( ) ( )
.....
GF-B3
.. GF-B3
| |
-
68
- d ACI 318-08 ...
d
.. GF-B3 d
-
69
( )
ACI 318-08 ... ( )
(
) (
*
GF-B3 d ACI 318-08 ... -
((
) (
)+
((
* (
*+
-
.. GF-B3
-
70
GF-B3
.....
(Service Load)
.. GF-B3 Service
.. GF-B3 Service (Continuous Beam)
()
-
71
(
*
( (
*
)
-
72
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
+
-
73
( )
(
*
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
-
74
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
( )
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
-
75
(
+
( )
(
*
-
76
.....
GF-B3
(
*
( )
(
*
((
* (
*+
GF-B3
((
) (
),
GF-B3
( GF-B3 )
-
77
..
...
(One-way Slab) (One-way Joist Floor System) (Two-way Slab)
.... (One-way Slab) (One-way Slab)
( % ) (No Void) (One-way Solid Slab)
(One-way Joist Floor Slab) Ribbed Slab - (Rib or Joist) Fiberglass Filler
-
78
.... (Two-way Slab)
- (Two-way Slab on Beam)
- Flat Slab
. Drop Panel Column Capital
. Drop Panel Column Capital Column Capital Punching Shear
. Drop Panel Column Capital
- Flat-Plate Floor Column Capital
- Two-way Ribbed Slabs Waffle Slab System (Rib or Joist)
-
79
Two-way Ribbed Slabs
. Two-way Ribbed (joist) Slab System
. (Filler) (Filler) Two-way Ribbed Slab System Hollow-block Two-way Ribbed Slab System
. Waffle Slab
...
..
-
80
....
( )
( )
( )
((
* (
*) ( )
.... (Dead Load)
-
-
-
-
(Live Load)
-
81
....
Ratio Case1 Case2 Case3 Case4 Case5 Case6 Case7 Case8 Case9
y
x
l
lm
1.00 Cx.neg
0.045
0.050 0.075 0.071
0.033 0.061
Cy.neg
0.045 0.046 0.050
0.071 0.061 0.033
0.95 Cx.neg
0.050
0.055 0.079 0.075
0.038 0.065
Cy.neg
0.041 0.072 0.045
0.067 0.056 0.029
0.90 Cx.neg
0.055
0.060 0.080 0.079
0.043 0.068
Cy.neg
0.037 0.070 0.040
0.062 0.052 0.025
0.85 Cx.neg
0.060
0.066 0.082 0.083
0.049 0.072
Cy.neg
0.031 0.065 0.034
0.057 0.046 0.021
0.80 Cx.neg
0.065
0.071 0.083 0.086
0.055 0.075
Cy.neg
0.027 0.061 0.029
0.051 0.041 0.017
0.75 Cx.neg
0.069
0.076 0.085 0.088
0.061 0.078
Cy.neg
0.022 0.056 0.024
0.044 0.036 0.014
0.70 Cx.neg
0.074
0.081 0.086 0.091
0.068 0.081
Cy.neg
0.017 0.050 0.019
0.038 0.029 0.011
0.65 Cx.neg
0.077
0.085 0.087 0.093
0.074 0.083
Cy.neg
0.014 0.043 0.015
0.031 0.024 0.008
0.60 Cx.neg
0.081
0.089 0.088 0.095
0.080 0.085
Cy.neg
0.010 0.035 0.011
0.024 0.018 0.006
0.55 Cx.neg
0.084
0.092 0.089 0.096
0.085 0.086
Cy.neg
0.007 0.028 0.008
0.019 0.014 0.005
0.50 Cx.neg
0.086
0.094 0.090 0.097
0.089 0.088
Cy.neg
0.006 0.022 0.006 0.006
0.014 0.010 0.003
.. Coefficient for Negative Moment in Slab
Ratio Case1 Case2 Case3 Case4 Case5 Case6 Case7 Case8 Case9
y
x
l
lm
1.00 Cx.pos.DL 0.036 0.018 0.018 0.027 0.027 0.033 0.027 0.020 0.023
Cy.pos.DL 0.036 0.018 0.027 0.027 0.018 0.027 0.033 0.023 0.020
0.95 Cx.pos.DL 0.040 0.020 0.021 0.030 0.028 0.036 0.031 0.022 0.024
Cy.pos.DL 0.033 0.016 0.025 0.024 0.015 0.024 0.031 0.021 0.017
0.90 Cx.pos.DL 0.045 0.020 0.025 0.033 0.029 0.039 0.035 0.025 0.026
Cy.pos.DL 0.029 0.014 0.024 0.022 0.013 0.021 0.028 0.019 0.015
0.85 Cx.pos.DL 0.050 0.024 0.029 0.036 0.031 0.042 0.040 0.029 0.028
-
82
Cy.pos.DL 0.026 0.012 0.022 0.019 0.011 0.017 0.025 0.017 0.013
0.80 Cx.pos.DL 0.056 0.026 0.034 0.039 0.032 0.045 0.045 0.032 0.029
Cy.pos.DL 0.023 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.009 0.015 0.022 0.015 0.010
0.75 Cx.pos.DL 0.061 0.028 0.040 0.043 0.033 0.048 0.051 0.036 0.031
Cy.pos.DL 0.019 0.009 0.018 0.013 0.007 0.012 0.020 0.013 0.007
0.70 Cx.pos.DL 0.068 0.030 0.046 0.046 0.035 0.051 0.058 0.040 0.033
Cy.pos.DL 0.016 0.007 0.016 0.011 0.005 0.009 0.017 0.011 0.006
0.65 Cx.pos.DL 0.074 0.032 0.054 0.050 0.036 0.054 0.065 0.044 0.034
Cy.pos.DL 0.013 0.006 0.014 0.009 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.009 0.005
0.60 Cx.pos.DL 0.081 0.034 0.062 0.053 0.037 0.056 0.073 0.048 0.036
Cy.pos.DL 0.010 0.004 0.011 0.007 0.003 0.006 0.012 0.007 0.004
0.55 Cx.pos.DL 0.088 0.035 0.071 0.056 0.038 0.058 0.081 0.052 0.004
Cy.pos.DL 0.008 0.003 0.009 0.005 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.005 0.003
0.50 Cx.pos.DL 0.095 0.037 0.080 0.059 0.039 0.061 0.089 0.056 0.038
Cy.pos.DL 0.006 0.002 0.007 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.007 0.004 0.002
.. Coefficient for Dead Load Positive Moment in Slab Ratio Case1 Case2 Case3 Case4 Case5 Case6 Case7 Case8 Case9
y
x
l
lm
1.00 Cx.pos.LL 0.036 0.027 0.027 0.032 0.032 0.035 0.032 0.028 0.030
Cy.pos.LL 0.036 0.027 0.032 0.032 0.027 0.032 0.035 0.030 0.028
0.95 Cx.pos.LL 0.040 0.030 0.031 0.035 0.034 0.038 0.036 0.031 0.032
Cy.pos.LL 0.033 0.025 0.029 0.029 0.024 0.029 0.032 0.027 0.025
0.90 Cx.pos.LL 0.045 0.034 0.035 0.039 0.037 0.042 0.040 0.035 0.036
Cy.pos.LL 0.029 0.022 0.027 0.026 0.021 0.025 0.029 0.024 0.022
0.85 Cx.pos.LL 0.050 0.037 0.040 0.043 0.041 0.046 0.045 0.040 0.039
Cy.pos.LL 0.026 0.019 0.024 0.023 0.019 0.022 0.026 0.022 0.020
0.80 Cx.pos.LL 0.056 0.041 0.045 0.048 0.044 0.051 0.051 0.044 0.042
Cy.pos.LL 0.023 0.017 0.022 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.023 0.019 0.017
0.75 Cx.pos.LL 0.061 0.045 0.051 0.052 0.047 0.055 0.056 0.049 0.046
Cy.pos.LL 0.019 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.016 0.013
0.70 Cx.pos.LL 0.068 0.049 0.057 0.057 0.051 0.060 0.063 0.054 0.050
Cy.pos.LL 0.016 0.012 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.017 0.014 0.011
0.65 Cx.pos.LL 0.074 0.053 0.064 0.062 0.055 0.064 0.070 0.059 0.054
Cy.pos.LL 0.013 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.009 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.009
0.60 Cx.pos.LL 0.081 0.058 0.071 0.067 0.059 0.068 0.077 0.065 0.059
Cy.pos.LL 0.010 0.007 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.011 0.009 0.007
0.55 Cx.pos.LL 0.088 0.062 0.080 0.072 0.063 0.073 0.085 0.070 0.063
Cy.pos.LL 0.008 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.005 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.006
0.50 Cx.pos.LL 0.095 0.066 0.088 0.077 0.067 0.078 0.092 0.076 0.067
Cy.pos.LL 0.006 0.004 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.007 0.005 0.004
.. Coefficient for Live Load Positive Moment in Slab
-
83
Interpolation Coefficient for negative moment in short direction of slab:
( )
Coefficient for negative moment in long direction of slab: ( )
Coefficient for dead load positive moment in short direction of slab: ( )
Coefficient for dead load positive moment in long direction of slab: ( )
Coefficient for live load positive moment in short direction of slab: ( )
Coefficient for live load positive moment in long direction of slab: ( )
.... Ultimate
-
Ultimate ( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
-
84
.... .....
( (
) )
(
+ ( )
(
)
(
( ) )
( ) ( )
-
85
..... ( (
) )
(
+ ( )
(
)
(
( ) )
( ) ( )
-
86
..... ( (
) )
(
+ ( )
(
)
(
( ) )
( ) ( )
-
87
..... ( (
) )
(
+ ( )
(
)
(
( ) )
( ) ( )
-
88
....
....
( ) Service Load ( )
( )
( )
( )
-
89
( ) ACI
ACI 318-08
..
-
90
..
....
( , )
( ) (concrete cover)
..
( ) ( ( )
*
-
91
( ) ( ( )
*
ACI 224-01 ..
..
..
.. ACI 318-08
((
* (
*+
service load ( )
((
) (
),
( )
-
92
((
) (
),
( )
( )
...
..
....
ACI 318-08 ...
.. 420MPa
(
)
(
*
-
93
..
.... (Dead Load)
- - - -
(Live Load)
....
Ultimate Load ( ) ( )
( )
-
94
( (
) )
( ) (
)
(
*
(
)
(
( ) )
(
+ ( )
-
95
....
( ) (
)
(
*
ACI 318-08 ..
-
96
....
( )
.... Service Load
Service Load
Service Load
( )
Service Load
( )
-
97
( )
(Compression fiber)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
(
*
( (
*
)
(
)
( (
)
+
-
98
(
*
( (
*
)
(%)