kiáº¿n trÃºc thÃ´ng tin vÃ mÃ´ hÃ¬nh thÃ´ng tin tmn

8/8/2019 Kin trc thng tin v m hnh thng tin TMN

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Qun l mng Vin thngch pht tho cu trc danh b ng dng h tr cc mng TMN phn tn v php.

7.1.1 M hnh thng tin qun l hng i tngPhn ny cp li cc khi nim v m hnh thng tin hng i tng nh

mc cao hn, m t cch thc ngun ti nguyn mng b qun l c i nh cc i tng b qun l, v tho lun ngn gn v ngn ng m hnh nh g xc nh cc i tng iu hnh GDMO (Guideline for Definition of ManagObject) v ngn ng m hnh ha hp nht UML (Unified Modeling Language)

Cc khi nim c bn:

Phn gii thiu cc khi nim hng i tng c cp chng 4, n phn ny ch tm lc li mt cch ngn gn. Trong vic tip cn m hnh hntng, tt c cc ngun ti nguyn mng b qun l (nh cc b chuyn mch,thnh phn trong b chuyn mch, v phn mm chuyn mch) c xem nh li tng b qun l. Khng nhng cc ti nguyn mng m cc mi quan h giathnh phn b qun l cng c th l cc i tng b qun l. Thng thng bthc th no, v cu trc vt l hay thuc v cc khi nim, c th hay tru tngc th l i tng, thm ch mt thc th l mt phn ca tin qun l.

i tng c c trng bi tp hp cc thuc tnh i din bn cht cath v l tp hp cc thao tc c thc thi trn cc thuc tnh. Mi mt i tngc nhng trng thi v du hiu c trng. Nhn t bn ngoi, cc i tng l thc th c ng gi m cc thuc tnh v cc p ng thc thi bn trong ci. Mi trng bn ngoi tng tc vi i tng thng qua giao din chung ca Cp i tng l khi nim tru tng cu tp hp cc i tng chia s cng ttnh v cc p ng chung. Cp ging nh 1 loi i tng. i khi cc thut nloi v cp c s dng thay i cho nhau. Cp i tng c gi l i

tng hay ngn gn hn l i tng.Mt cp i tng c th k tha t 1 cp khc nu chng c chung cc ng v thuc tnh. Tnh k tha c ngha l cp k tha cp khc, thng c gcp nh hoc cp con, c nhng p ng v thuc tnh cu cp c k tha, thc gi l cp ln hay cp cha.

Mt cp i tng c th cha mt cp khc nh mt phn thuc tnh caiu ny tng t nh mi quan h c, nh l cp cha cha cp b cha nh phn ca n. Quan h cha m phng 1 phn mi quan h phn cp trong th

thc. (V d ng c l mt phn ca chic xe) hoc cc phn cp t chc (nhmc cha cc file, file cha cc bn bo co, v cc bn bo co cha cc trng).

GVHD ThS. L Duy Khnh 2


3/27

Qun l mng Vin thngMi quan h gia i tng b qun l v ngun ti nguyn b qun l:Ci g l mi quan h gia i tng b qun l v ngun ti nguyn b qun

Mc ch ch yu ca h thng qun l mng l qun l ngun ti nguyn mngthng nh b chuyn mch, cc phn mm chuyn mch, v h thng truyn dntng b qun l l i din lun l ca ngun ti nguyn mng hoc mt kha ca ngun ti nguyn mng. Thm vo , cc kha cnh sau ca mi quan h cp trong b khuyn ngh ITU-T M.3010 (nm 1996). Khng nht thit phi nh x1 gia i tng b qun l v ngun ti nguyn tht. Mt ngun ti nguyn c c i din bi mt hoc nhiu i tng, mt i tng c th i din chohoc mt phn ca mt hay nhiu ngun ti nguyn. Khi mt ngun ti nguyn i din bi nhiu i tng b qun l th mi mt i tng s cung cp mcnh tru tng khc nhau ca ngun ti nguyn .

- i tng b qun l c th cung cp ci nhn tru tng ca cc ngunnguyn m c i din bi cc i tng qun l khc.

- i tng qun l c th tn ti nh l cc i tng b qun l c thdin cho ngun ti nguyn ln cha cc ngun ti nguyn con c i din bii tng khc.

- Nu ngun ti nguyn khng c i din bi i tng b qun l th ngti nguyn s khng c qun l thng qua mng v h thng qun l khngnhn thy ngun ti nguyn . l cc i tng b qun l, i din v mt tng ca ngun ti nguyn, khng phi ngun ti nguyn c thao tc bithng qun l.

Cc kha cnh ny ca mi quan h gia i tng b qun l v ngun nguyn mng c m t trong cc thut ng u tin ca danh sch trn, nh trhnh 7.1.

Ngn ng m hnh thng tin qun l:

GDMO ca h thng m OSI l mt chn la ca ngn ng m hnh cho qul mng vin thng, hn na l v l chn la duy nht ngay ti thi im . nhin, lun c s thay i lun phin, l mt phn kt qu ca k thut ng dngth gii my tnh chung, nh l kt cu h trung gian yu cu i tng chuCORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture). Trong phn nh nyGDMO c cp s lc thng qua nhng tho lun ngn gn ca ngn nghnh thng tin lun phin.



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Qun l mng Vin thng

Hnh 7.1. Mi quan h gia i tng b qun l v ngun ti nguyn mng

GDMO:Khi GDMO tr thnh ngn ng m phng thng tin, th GDMO ca h thn

m OSI l chn la hp l nht ti thi im kin trc thng tin mng qun l thng TMN c cng b ln u tin. Do mt nguyn nhn l ti thi dim c vi s thay i lun phin, v do mt nguyn nhn khc r rng hn l kin trc TM sn sng p ng cho a s cc thnh phn ca khung qun l OSI (nh l m hhng i tng tip cn c m hnh thng tin qun l v giao thc quCMIP (Common Management Information Protocol Giao thc thng tin qun lchung). Cc tho lun chi tit v GDMO c cp chng 4, phn ntm hiu mc cao hn.

GDMO, thng qua vic tip cn m hnh thng tin hng i tng, thit k c bit cho cc ng dng vin thng v l ngn ng duy nht c c phng ngha ring. Cu trc mc cao ca GDMO l cp i tng b qun l m bgm tp hp cc gi tin. Mi gi tin cha cc thuc tnh, nhm thuc tnh, cc hng v cc thng bo, c trnh by nh tronghnh 4.6 . Tt c u c thc thi bng lnh hoc ty . Tt c cc im ca cp i tng b qun l. Tt c cccu cp i tng b qun l phi c tt c cc phn chia bng lnh cu cp i M t ngn gn cu mi thnh phn cung cp ci nhn tng qut cu i tng b l trong khi chi tit ng ngha v c php c cp trong phn GDMO.


Ti nguyn mng

MO

Mt i tng i dinmt ti nguyn

Ti nguyn mng

MO MO

Nhiu i tng i din nhiu khacnh khc nhau ca mt ti nguyn

Ti nguynmng

MO

MO MO

MO


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Qun l mng Vin thngGi tin l mt nhm lun l ca cc thuc tnh, nhm thuc tnh, hnh n

cc thng bo v p ng. Khi i tng c ng gi th cc gi tin tr thnh phtng hp ca i tng b qun l v ch c truy xut thng qua giao din catng b qun l.

Thuc tnh i din cho bn cht ti nguyn mng c m phng. Bt ktruy cp thuc tnh no u phi thng qua giao din ca i tng b qun l cthuc tnh . Thuc tnh ch c gi tr phc hi hoc sa i thng qua giao dintng cha ng thuc tnh. Cc thao tc cho php thc hin trn thuc tnh do ci tng b qun l cha thuc tnh quy nh. Thuc tnh c th l mt gi tr l hoc mt tp hp cc gi tr. Nu nh l tp hp cc gi tr th mi thnh phntp hp u cng mt loi d liu. Hn na, mt tp hp c th l mt tp hp Nhm thuc tnh l nhm lun l ca tp hp cc thuc tnh thun tin cho vic tv khai thc.

Cc p ng m i tng b qun l c th m nhn c din t di hnh thc ca mt tp hp cc hnh ng v/hoc tp hp cc thng bo. Hnh l thao tc do i tng b qun l thc hin. Thng bo l bn bo co do i t b qun l a ra v gi n cho b phn qun l thng qua tc nhn tng ngi tng.

C hai loi mi quan h, quan h k tha v quan h tng hp, c GDm phng mt cch c th mi quan h gia cc cp i tng b qun l. Mi h k tha c nh ngha l mi quan h bn trong ca cc cp i tng b quv mi quan h cha ng c nh ngha xc nh bi cc ni tn.

OMT, UML v cc ngn ng khc:Trong khi GDMO v ang c s dng rng ri cho vic nh r cc m

hnh thng tin qun l, vic pht trin cc dng ngn ng khc thc y cng ctm kim s dng thay i lun phin. Trc khi xut hin k thut my vi tnhmt s pht trin l s hi t gia cc k thut vin thng v cc k thut mychung. Thng thng, cc k thut my tnh r, t tiu chun u c dng th dn cc k thut my tnh t tin v c quyn m ang dng ring cho ngcng nghip vin thng. Mt v d v cc k thut my tnh bao gm cc phng pthit k, cc h thng khai thc, cc ngn ng lp trnh v c s d liu. Mt strin khc l k thut hng i tng c chnh thc cng nhn ngayGDMO c cng b ln u tin, v ngn ng m hnh hng i tng tiu chcng bt u c chp nhn trn phm vi ln.

Trong khi y, mt vi c tnh k tha ca GDMO xut hin gii hn knng nghim thu. Mt l do cu trc v c php ca GDMO rt gn vi giao thc ql OSI CMIP (n rt c ch ngay t khi mi bt u). Vic ph thuc vo g



6/27

Qun l mng Vin thngthc ca GDMO s nh hng n tc dng ca n khi cc giao thc qun l phin c ng dng.

Hiu qu t c di cc tiu chun quc t nhm nghin cu cc ngnm hnh thng tin qun l m p ng c cho bt k giao thc qun l no v h tr rng ri trong ngnh cng nghip my tnh ni chung. N ch trng n vicsung hn l thay th, GDMO. Cc c bao gm: k thut m hnh hng i t(OMT), UML, v ngn ng nh ngha giao thc ca ngn ng CORBA.

OMT l ngn ng m hnh hng i tng vi cc k hiu. N c s drng ri trong ngnh cng nghip k t nhng ngy u tin ca k thut hngtng. T cc hiu qu UML ngn cn vic thng nht v tiu chun ha cc d phng php hng i tng v cc k hiu. N kt hp hu ht vic s dngri cc phng php hng i tng nh l phng php Booch (1994), OM(RamBough 1992), k s phn mm hng i tng (Jacobson etat 1992) v phng php khc. UML c s cho php ca hi lin hip cc cng ty cng nghnhm i tng (OMG), nh cc tiu chun cng nghip vo cui nm 1997. IDL CORBA c dng gp nh mt s thay i lun phin khc i vi ngn ng hnh thng tin, hn na l v ngn ng CORBA c ng dng qun l mvin thng trn phm vi ngy cng c m rng. (Trong chng 15 s cung cptit v cc ng dng ca CORBA v IDL i vi vic qun l mng vin thng).

7.1.2 M hnh trao i thng tin qun l:M hnh trao i thng tin qun l bao gm kiu trao i v ng cnh trao

Kiu trao i xc nh cc thc th c lin quan trong qu trnh trao i thng tin qul. Ng cnh xc nh cc iu kin vic trao i thng tin c th din ra.

Kiu qun l tc nhn:Vic qun l trong mi trng vin thng l rt cn thit cho cc ng dng

l thng tin. V ti nguyn mng b qun l phn tn nn qun l mng l ng d phn tn. Cc ng dng phn tn bao gm vic trao i thng tin qun l gia chng trnh qun l nhm mc ch gim st v iu khin cc cu trc vt l v l ca ngun ti nguyn mng (nh l phn cng v phn mm cc b chuyn mtruyn dn).

TMN chp nhn kiu qun l trung gian ca h thng m OSI, trong chtrnh qun l gi vai tr qun l, vai tr trung gian, thm ch gi c hai vai tr trocng mt phin trao i nh tronghnh 7.2.



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Qun l mng Vin thng

Hnh 7.2. S phi hp hot ng gia cc chng trnh qun l mng TMN (T khuyn ngh cu ITU-T M.3010 1996)

Cc nguyn tc ny c cc c tnh nh sau:- Chc nng qun l l mt phn ca cc ng dng phn tn, trc tip thc h

vic qun l v nhn cc thng bo.- Chc nng trung gian l mt phn ca cc ng dng phn tn ng vai tr

thc thi vic qun l bng cch thao tc trc tip ln i tng b qun l. B ptrung gian cng a ra cc thng bo n b phn qun l v nhng phn x, pca i tng b qun l tng ng.

- B phn qun l c th tng ng vi nhiu b phn trung gian v m phn trung gian c th gn lin vi nhiu b phn qun l.

Tronghnh 7.2, chng trnh qun l h thng B gi c hai vai tr l qun l v trungian, trong khi , chng trnh qun l ca h thng A v C ch gi 1 vai tr.

Hai thc th c lin quan trong qu trnh trao i thng tin qun l l i t b qun l v cc ti nguyn mng. B phn trung gian c nh hng n thao tc ql trn cc i tng b qun l (thay v trn ti nguyn b qun l). i tng b ql s truyn nh hng n ti nguyn mng, ch n cui cng ca thao tc qu


M

CMISCMIP

OSIProtocal

stack

H thngA

Kiu thngtin B

A

CMIS

MIB

CMIP

OSIProtocal

stack

H thngC

Kiu thngtin C

Ti nguyn

MA

MIBCMIS CMIS

OSIProtocal

stack

OSIProtocal

stack

H thngB

Tinguyn


8/27

Qun l mng Vin thngMi quan h gia 4 thc th trong qu trnh trao i thng tin qun l c trnh tronghnh 7.3.

Hnh 7.3. Mi quan h gia b phn qun l, tc nhn, i tng b qun l, vngun ti nguyn mng.

C 3 kiu trao i thng tin qun l:Gia b phn qun l v b phn trung gianGia b phn trung gian v i tng b qun l.Gia i tng b qun l v ti nguyn mng.

Ch c kiu trao i u tin, gia b phn qun l v b phn trung gian, l tng chnh cho vic tiu chun ha TMN v OSI.

i tng b qun l c th a ra thng bo ti b phn qun l thng qua phn trung gian tng ng b phn qun l v tc ng n cu trc thng qua cnhn trung gian. Vic trao i thng tin gia b phn trung gian v i tng b qul l cc b cng nh l s trao i thng tin gia i tng b qun l v ngunnguyn mng.

Ng cnh cho vic trao i thng tin qun l: Ng cnh ng vi lng thng tin qun l c chia s gia b phn qun

b phn trung gian thc hin vic trao i thng tin qun l. Sp t ng cnh l


MO

MO MO

MOMO

Agent

Chuyn mch

H thngtruyn dn

Phn mm

Ti nguyn mngH thng b qun lCh dn

hot ng

Thng bos kin

Qun l

H thngun l


9/27

Qun l mng Vin thngchng trnh c thit lp thc hin vic chia s lng thng tin qun l gi phn.

Lng thng tin qun l c chia s: cho vic trao i thng tin qunc thc hin gia b phn qun l v b phn trung gian th phi trao i lthng tin cc lnh vc sau:

- Thng tin h tr kh nng giao thc: 2 b phn phi dng chung 1 giao thqun l (nh l CMIP). Trong trng hp nhng giao thc khc c s dng th phi hp Q s thc hin chc nng chuyn i giao thc ny thnh giao thc cn Nhng gii hn v hn ch ca b phi hp Q xy ra trn tt c cc b phn.

- Thng tin h tr chc nng qun l: v d chc nng qun l m b phtrung gian c th thc hin c do b phn qun l trc tip qun l b phn gian.

- Thng tin h tr cc cp i tng b qun l v cc khong cch i tB phn qun l c lng thng tin c nh v cc cp i tng b qun l d phn trung gian cung cp, v lng thng tin ng ca cc im i tng c trong cc phin trao i ring bit.

- Thng tin kh nng chng thc: B phn qun l v b phn trung gian ukh nng chng thc ring (nh b lc v b hin th).

- Thng tin ni dung mi quan h gia cc i tng: B phn qun l p

nm c ni dung trao i ca cc mi quan h gia cc i tng b qun l t b phn trung gian MIB c th xc nh r yu cu.

Sp t ng cnh:Vic sp t hon cnh c th tnh hay ng, ph thuc vo thi gian vic

t c thc hin v bn cht lng thng tin qun l c chia s.Vic sp t ng cnh tnh: Chng trnh sp t ng cnh tnh thit lp

chia s lng thng tin qun l gia b phn qun l v b phn trung gian cho nhgiai on nht nh. Chng trnh tnh c th c thc hin cho off-line thi phin i thoi hoc on-line trong sut phin trao i gia b phn qun l v b trung gian.

Chng trnh off-line cho vic sp t ng cnh tnh xy ra v d 2 nh sn thit b ng vi nhau bt k loi giao thc no cng c s dng v loi nng qun l no cng c cung cp. Cc v d trong cc trng hp ni mthng qun l v b phn trung gian tng ng vi thit b mng ca 2 nh sn khc nhau.

Chng trnh on-line ca vic sp t ng cnh tnh xy ra t lc bt u ptrao i. Ti thi im phin trao i c thit lp, thng tin c trao i cho p



10/27

Qun l mng Vin thng2 b phn c th hiu ngha chung loi lng thng tin qun l chia s cho phini. Lng thng tin qun l c chia s c sp t theo cch ny s ctrnh trong sut chu k ca phin trao i. V d, b phn qun l v b phn trgian sp t cc kh nng hin th v lc bng cch s dng bn tin ACSE nh l phn ca chng trnh thit lp.

Vic sp t ng cnh ng: c s dng khi thng tin qun l c chithay i trong sut phin trao i. V d chc nng qun l c th b thay i hoci tng qun l mi hoc cc im i tng c thm vo trong phin traoMt c cu h tr cho vic sp t ng cnh ng c nh ngha cho cp i t b qun l l h tr cc thng bo bt k s thay i no ca lng thng tin quc chia s.

7.1.3 t a ch v tn cho TMNS t a ch v tn rt cn thit cho vic nhn dng v nh v cc

tng thng tin khc nhau trong cng mt TMN v gia cc TMN vi nhau. Nhyu cu v kin trc cho s t a ch v tn h tr vic phn tn v phi hpTMN c miu t nh phi di. Kin trc TMN vi s t a ch v tn ph

- Cho php vic cu hnh phn tn a l ca cc thao tc qun l mng.- To thun li cho cc ch v tr gip v tng tc vi khch hng.

- Cung cp kh nng chng li v h tr kh nng bo mt cho cc chc nqun l.- Tng thch vi cc b phn hn l vi ngi s hu h thng, nh khch h

hay cc nh cung cp dch v gi tr gia tng, truy cp vo cc chc nng qun l.- Tng thch vi cc dch v qun l ging nhau, khc nhau cc v tr kh

nhau, thm ch truy cp vo cc thnh phn mng tng t.- Tng thch phi hp gia cc mng b qun l ring l, c th cung

dch v gia cc TMN.Dch v danh b nh r trong tiu chun ITU-T X.500 c xem l cun

cp s t tn v a ch. Dch v danh b X.500 c th cung cp cc dch vtn c lin quan nh sau:

- Dch v thng tin chung (c bit n nh nhng trang vng) i vthng tin qun l c lin quan n TMN.

- t tn ton cu cho cc i tng b qun l.- Phn gii tn v a ch.

- i din cho lng thng tin qun l chia s c phn tch trn.Tm li cy th mc X.500, nh tronghnh 7.4, l c s thng tin danh b baogm 1 nt gc ton cu , tp hp cc tc nhn h thng danh b. Tt c cung cGVHD ThS. L Duy Khnh 10


11/27

TMN A

Qun l mng Vin thngi tng trn phm vi ton cu. Lu rng, cc i tng b qun l trong cthng tin qun l MIB (Management Information Base) cu h thng m OSI c tn duy nht trong mi trng cc b MIB. Cy th mc X.500 cung cp cc cht tn cc i tng b qun l c th c nhnh thy t mi trng ton cul iu kin cn thit phi hp TMN. Mi quan h gia i tng danh b vtng b qun l v gia MIB v c s thng tin danh b DIB (Directory InformatiBase) c trnh by tronghnh 7.4.

Hnh 7.4. Danh b c tch hp trong kin trc thng tin mng TMN

7.2 M HNH THNG TIN QUN L TNG TH TMN:Phan nay gii thieu ve cac mo hnh thong tin tong

the TMN bao gom co 6 nhom cap oi tng quan ly. Cacnhom nay tap trung mo phong 6 kha canh khac nhau cuamang vien thong chung e khong thieu bat ky ky thuatmang ac biet nao va co the s dung e tm ra nhngmo hnh thong tin danh cho cac mang ac biet thong quas ke tha. 6 kha canh cua mang hay con goi la 6 phanoan trong khuyet ngh M.3100 cua ITU (1995) la mang,phan t b quan ly, cac iem ket cuoi, chuyen mach vatruyen dan, ket noi cheo va cac phan khu chc nang.

7.2.1 Phan oan mang:

Phan oan mang ch co mot cap oi tng b quanly, l mang, ai dien cho tap hp cac mang vien thong


DSA

MIBOS

DSA

DSA

DSA

Globle root

DSA

OS


12/27

Qun l mng Vin thngket noi thong tin va dung lng quan ly oi tng cuaviec trao oi thong tin quan ly. Mang co the long vaocac mang khac, mot hnh thc cua phan cap dung lng.

Nh trong hnh 7.5 cap mang cha cap oi tng thanhphan b quan ly va cap oi tng thanh phan b quanly cha cac oi tng b quan ly cua nhng phan oankhac

7.2.2 Phan oan phan t quan ly:Phan oan nay bao gom 8 cap oi tng b quan ly:

Mang goi, thiet b, thiet b R1, thiet b gi, phan t bquan ly, to hp phan t b quan ly , phan mem vaphan mem R1.

Moi cap oi tng b quan ly trong phan oan naymo phong cho phan t quan ly oc lap va nhan thayc cua mang oi vi he thong quan ly. Cac moi quanhe ke tha va tong hp gia cac oi tng b quan lyva cac oi tng khac trong hnh 7.8 cuoi chng nay.

Danh sach sau cung cap nhng mieu ta ve cac capoi tng b quan ly:

- Phan t b quan ly : ai dien cho thc the thanhphan vien thong hoac thc the TMN lam chc nang phant b quan ly (nh la cung cap ho tr va dch vu enthue bao). Mot phan t b quan ly c giam sat va


Top

Mng

Phn t bqun l

Hnh 7.5 Ngn chn v k tha mi quan h phn on mng v nhng cp lin qua


13/27

Qun l mng Vin thngieu khien t bo phan quan ly thong qua mot hay nhieugiao dien Q cua TMN.

- To hp phan t b quan ly : ai ien cho tap hpcac phan t mang a c tap trung dung cho muc chquan ly.

- Mach goi : ai dien cho n v co the xen vao hoaclay ra t mot thiet b gi.

- Thiet b R1 : La thiet b thuoc lp con cua cap oitng c dung cho viec cung cap kha nang, giam sat,canh bao thiet b.

- Thiet b : ai dien cho thanh phan vat ly cua phan

t b quan ly, bao gom cac phan t co the thay the. Kchthc cua cap oi tng nay la trong mot khu vc a lyn. (oi tng) thiet b co the l ng vao trong mot oitng thiet b khac.

- Thiet b gi : ai dien cho nguon vat ly cua motphan t mang co kha nang duy tr cac nguon tai nguyenvat ly khac. V du ve nguon tai nguyen vat ly ai diencho lp nay la gia may, vo, ranh.

- Phan mem : ai dien cho viec lu tr thong tin logctai thanh phan mang bao gom cong trnh va d lieu. Motoi tng phan mem co the cha nhieu oi tng phanmem khac.

- Phan mem R1 : La lp con cua cap oi tng phanmem vi cac thuoc tnh c them vao.

V du ve bo chuyen mach sau se giup minh hoa phanoan thanh phan b quan ly va cac moi quan he cua no

trong mo hnh cua no vi tai nguyen mang. Bo chuyenmach bao gom tap hp cac vo cha nhieu card. Cac cardkhac nhau co the nam trong mot shelf: cac card x ly trungtam, cac card giao tiep ng, card giao tiep trung ke, cardem thi gian, card ma tran chuyen mach, mot card co theco mot phan mem e chay va thc hien cac chc nang.S tng ng gia cap i t ng b quan ly va nhngthanh phan c ai dien cua thiet b chuyen mach cliet ke trong bang 1 . Hnh dang cua thiet b chuyen machnh hnh 7.6



14/27

Qun l mng Vin thngBng 1 S t ng ng gia phn on phn t qun l - cp i tng b qun l vnhng linh kin mng i din

Cp i tng b qun l Nhng linh kin mng c i din

Phn t b qun l Phn t mng, b chuyn mchMch gi CardPhn mm, phn mm R1 Phn mmThit b gi, t hp phn t b qun l Shelf, frame

7.2.3 Phn on im kt cuiMt phn t mng c kt ni vi mt phn t mng khc thng qua cc

kt logic c gi l kt ni. T vin cnh ca mt phn t mng, iu quan khng phi l ton b kt ni, nhng cc im kt ni l giao tip vi thit b. kt ni ny c xem l im kt cui (TP), nh tronghnh 7.7 . C 3 kha cnh caim kt cui l:

Ni m im kt cui c s dng

i tng s dng.Hng truyn ca im kt cui.


Phn t mng

Phn mm

Card

Shelf

Hnh 7.6 M hnh mt b chuyn mch

Phn tQun l

Phn tQun l

Hai hng

imkt cui

NgunB thu

Hnh 7.7 Minh ha nhng im kt cui


15/27

Qun l mng Vin thng

Ph thuc vo mc ch ca im kt cui, 2 dng chung c xc nh l: im kt cui ng (trail) v im kt cui kt ni. Da vo hng truyn ca hoc kt ni tng ng vi im kt cui, im kt cui (TP) c th l b thu,

hay im kt cui 2 chiu. im kt cui thu l mt im ni m mt im khoc ng kt cui. im kt cui ngun l im ni m im kt ni hoc bt u. im kt cui 2 chiu l ni m im kt ni hoc ng chuyn qua.

Danh sch sau cung cp cc m t ca cc cp i tng b qun l. CTP bidirectional (im kt cui kt ni 2 chiu): Bt u ti mt ng

kt ni v kt cui ti mt ng kt ni khc. Tt c cc thuc tnhp ng ca n c k tha t cp i tng im cui kt ni ngv im cui kt ni thu. CTP l t vit tt ca im kt cui kt nCp i tng ny l 2 chiu.

CTP sink (im kt cui kt ni thu): Kt cui ti mt ng kt ni.

Thuc tnh con tr kt ni chiu hng xung ch ra TP nhn thng tt TP ny cng 1 lp. CTP sourse (im cui kt ni ngun):Bt u mt ng kt ni.

Thuc tnh con tr kt ni chiu hng ln ch ra i tng b qunTP vi cng thnh phn b qun l gi thng tin n TP ny cnglp.

Termination Point (im kt cui): i din im kt cui cc thc thtrao i nh l cc ng truyn v cc kt ni. y l cp tru tngcc cp con im cui ng truyn v im cui kt ni c.

TTP bidirectional : i in im kt cui ng truyn (TTP) ni mmt ng truyn c bt u v mt ng khc kt cui. Cp tng ny l 2 chiu v ngha l cp con ca cc k thut c bit (v SONET, ATM) ca cc cp i tng 2 chiu kt cui ng truyn. Tc cc thuc tnh v p ng u oc k tha t cp i tng icui ng truyn ngun v im cui ng truyn thu bao.

TTP sink : i din cho TP ni m ng truyn c kt cui. n din im truy cp trong lp mng m nh hng c mi quan h truyn v mi quan h ch - t.

TTP source: i din cho TP ni m ng truyn bt u.Cc thuc tnh, thng bo v khai thc thc thi ca mi cp i tng tro

phn TP c lit k trong bng 7.3. nh ngha cc thuc tnh c cung cp ngn, v nh ngha ca cc thng bo chung c th c tm thy trong t im i tng b qun l (App D). Cc mi quan h gia cc cp i tng ca phnc m t tronghnh 7.8


TopPhn t b qun l

im kt cui

ng im ktcui nhn

ng im ktcui ngun

ng im ucui 2 hng

Kt ni im ucui ngun

Kt ni im ktcui nhn

Kt ni im ucui 2 hng


16/27

Qun l mng Vin thng

Hnh 7.8 K tha v ngn chn nhng mi quan h ca phn on im kt cu

7.2.4 Phn on truyn dn v chuyn mchPhn on ny ca cp i tng b qun l trnh by nhng kt ni

ng kt ni cc phn t qun l. Mt phn t qun l c chia ra lm nhngchc nng khc nhau, mi lp thc hin mt chc nng ring bit. N cng tnnh 7 lp ca OSI v 4 lp ca giao din Internet. T tin ca qun l mng,

kiu kt ni ring bit: mch in, kt ni, phn ui. Mt mch in hay mt mch, kt ni 2 nt mng v cung cp kt ni vt l gia 2 nt. Phn kt ni chunhim truyn ti trong sut thng tin gia cc im kt cui. Mi kt ni l m phn ca mt ng (trail). Mt kt ni c th l n hng hoc 2 hng.

on truyn dn v chuyn mch bao gm 4 cp i tng:- Phn nhm im kt thc mch: Miu t b ca im cui mch kt ni

mt b chuyn mch vi b chuyn mch khc.- Kt ni R1: Chu trch nhim truyn ti thng tin gia nhng im kt cui- ng dn (pipe): Chu trch nhim truyn thng tin gia 2 im kt cui. y

l lp tm tt c k tha bi cp i tng qun l.- ng R1 (trail R1): Mt ng bao gm 2 im kt cui ko xa, kt ni v

im kt cui kt ni kt hp. Nhng mi quan h gia nhng cp i tng bl nhhnh 7.9


Phn t bQun l

Phn t bQun l

Kt ni

ng

CTP ngun CTP nhn

TTP nhnTTP ngun


17/27

Qun l mng Vin thng

Hnh 7.9 Minh ho phn on truyn dn v chuyn mch

7.2.5 on kt ni cho:on kt ni cho miu t nhng kiu kt ni khc nhau l gia nh

im kt cui (TP) bn trong mt phn t qun l nh mt b chuyn mch. Kini ny quan trng v kh nng nh tuyn v i lng chuyn mch bn trong pt mng. Mt kt ni cho c miu t bi 2 im kt cui, im kt cu( fromTP ) v im kt cui n (toTP ) nh biu din trnhnh 7.10. FromTP cmiu t l im kt cui ni m mt kt ni cho khi u vtoTP c miu t lim kt cui ni m mt kt ni cho kt thc trong mt phn t mng. Mt kcho c th l im ni im (point to point) hoc im ni a im (PointMultipoint). Nhiu im kt cui khc nhau c nhm li bi mc ch qun lc xem nh l i tng n l v c gi l im kt cui nhm (GTP)

on kt ni cho bao gm 7 cp i tng: Kt ni cho: Miu t s thit lp mi quan h gia im kt cui ca GT

trong thuc tnh fromTP v im kt cui ca GTP trong thuc tnhtoTP ca itng qun l ny.

Khung (farbic): chu trch nhim thnh lp v gii phng im kt ni cho vgn im kt cui ti b tr TP v GTP.


u cui

B gp Phn tqun l

u cui

Hnh 7.10 Hnh minh ha mt kt ni cho


18/27

Qun l mng Vin thng im kt cui nhm: Miu t mt nhm nhng im kt cui n c xem

nh mt n v ca mc ch qun l Kt ni cho a im: Miu t s thit lp mi quan h im kt cui ho

GTP trong thuc tnh fromTP v im kt cui GTP trong thuc tnhtoTP ca itng qun l kt ni cho.

B tr TP (tp pool): Miu t mt b ca im kt cui hoc GTP c sdng vi mc ch qun l nh l nh tuyn.

Tn kt ni cho: Miu t k hiu ca kt ni cho nh du s ch y bit. cp i tng ny l mt phn cp ca cp kt ni cho.

Tn kt ni cho a im: Miu t k hiu ca kt ni cho a im nhdu s ch y c bit. Cp i tng ny l mt phn cp ca cp kt ni ch

im. Cc thuc tnh, thng bo v hot ng ca mi cp i tng trong phnc lit k trongbng 2. nh ngha cc thuc tnh c cung cp ngn gn, v nhngha ca cc thng bo chung c th c tm thy trong t im cp i tnqun l (App D).

Bng 2 Cp i tng b qun l ca on kt ni cho

Tn lp Thuc tnh Hot ng

Kt ni cho Bt buc: kt ni cho ID, trngthi qun l, trng thi hot ng,

kiu tn hiu,

Khung (fabric)

Trng thi qun l, trng thi hotng, danh sch thng tin c tnh

Thm TP vo GTP, dichuyn TP t GTP,thm TP vo b tr TP,kt ni, ngng kt ni. Hot ng : Chuyn i

Khung R1im kt cui nhm(GTP)

Nhn dng GTP, con tr i tngkt ni cho, nhng TP trong danhsch GTP



19/27

Qun l mng Vin thng

Tn lp Thuc tnh Hot ngKt ni cho a

im Nhn dng kt ni cho a im,trng thi qun l, trng thi hot

ng, kiu tn hiuTn kt ni cho Tn kt ni choTn kt ni cho aim

Tn kt ni cho

B tr TP Nhn dng b tr TP, nhng TPtrong danh sch b tr TP, tng slng TP, kt ni s lng TP

7.2.6 Phn khu chc nngon ny ca nhng i tng qun l l khc vi nhng on trc. N kh

l m hnh qun l ti nguyn mng nhng thay th cung cp mt b chc nng ql chung c yu cu bi bt c mng vin thng. V d, dung lng, ci t, thngiu khin bo ng l nhng vn u tin c xt n trong mt mng. Schung ca nht k my v chc nng lc c th c tm thy trong tt c nhng h qun l mng vin thng. Phn ln nhng lp i tng qun l trong on ny theo m hnh thng tin OSI.

on ny bao gm 13 cp i tng qun l nh danh sch di. ng dca ca lp i tng trong on ny s c din di trong 5 chng (cu hnhiu sut, tnh cc v qun l an ninh) bit thm chi tit mi cp i tng ctm trong danh b cp i tng qun l (App.D). 13 cp l:

Ghi li cnh boTiu s phn nh cnh bo nghim trngGhi li thay i thuc tnh gi triu khin lung cnh bo.B chn lcChn lc s kin trc.Ghi li s kin my Nht k my.Ghi li nht k my.Qun l tin thi cngGhi li s to i tngGhi li s xo i tngGhi li thay i trng thi.



20/27

Qun l mng Vin thng7.2.7 nh ngha thuc tnh m hnh thng tin tng th TMNThuc tnh s dng trong m hnh thng tin tng th TMN c miu t tm t

bng di. nh ngha chnh xc ASN.1 (ch gii c php tru tng s 1) ca mi ttnh c th tm thy trong ITU-T khuyn ngh M.3100 (1995).

a-TPInstance: c nhn nh l 1 trong 2 im kt cui ca mt khong ccca cp i tng kt ni hoc l mt lp con

- Acceptable Circuit Pack Type List : Nhn nh cc dng ca cc mch gic bao gm trong i tng gi thit b (equipment holder)

- Adminstrative State: Nhn nh tnh trng qun l ca ngun ti nguyn, cmt trong 3 gi tr: kho, tt v m

- Affected Object List : Tp hp cc im i tng c bit c th b nh htrc tip bi vic thay i trng thi ca im i tng b qun l a ra

- Alarm Severity Assignment List : Danh sch tt c cc iu kin khc thngm phi thot khi cc im ca cp i tng v ch nh bo ng thng tin nghtrng (ln, nh,) cho mi iu kin

- Alarm Severity Assignment Profile Id : Dng thuc tnh m cc gi tr khc bitca thuc tnh c th s dng nh mt tn c phn bit tng i (RDN)vic t tn cc im ca cp i tng

- Alarm Severity Assignment Profile Pointer : Nhn nh cc i tng

- Alarm Status: Nhn nh iu kin bo ng c lin quan n i tng vtrng thi bo ng vi nhng li nghim trng sau (t cao xung thp)Ch ng thng bo Nguy cpCh ng thng bo ChnhCh ng thng bo NhCh ng thng bo Bt nhCh ng thng bo Bo trcCh ng tr honXa

- Channel Number : Mt s nguyn biu din cho mt knh s- Characteristic Information: Nhn nh i tng dng cho vic bit c khi

no vic kt ni hoc th c th kt ni c ti i tng im kt cui.- Circuit Directionality: Nhn nh danh mc ca cc mch trong nhm mch

vi 1 trong 3 gi tr sau: vo mt chiu, ra mt chiu, hai chiu.- Circuit End Point Subgroup Id : Vic nhn nh c th s dng nh RDN cho

vic t tn cc im ca cp i tng.- Circuit Pack Type: Chi gi tr c th in ra nhn dng loi mch gi.



21/27

Qun l mng Vin thng- Client connection List : Danh sch cc i tng nhn nh l cc kt ni

khch hng bi mt ng- Connection Tp Count : Nhn nh tng s cc im kt cui tng ng vi b

tr TP c kt ni.- Connection Id : cc kt ni c nhn nh c th s dng nh RDN cho vi

t tn cc im ca cp i tng kt ni.- Cross connection Name: Tn ca chui c tnh cho kt ni cho hoc i

tng kt ni cho a im.- Cross connection Object Pointer : Con tr i tng qun l nh l kt ni

cho, nhm, nhm im cui, hoc i tng khung. Khi im cui khng nhc kt ni m cn phc v cho vic kt ni th im con tr c nhm vovo) i tng khung phn hi vic thit lp kt ni ca n.

- cIPId : Nhn nh im kt ni cui m gi tr ca n c th l mt s nguyhay mt chui th.

- Current Problem list : Danh sch nhn nh cc vn thot thng thng vicc hin th nng m c lin quan n i tng b qun l mang thuc tnh .

- Directionality: nh r khi no i tng b qun l lin quan l mt hnghoc hai hng.

- Downstream Connectivity Pointer : Nhn nh kt ni v ng truyn xung

(v d ra ngoi) c th l n, ni tng, qung b hoc nhiu tng qung b. S bit gia kt ni qung b v nhiu tng qung b l vic tip nhn trong danhquan trng vi vic kt ni nhiu tng.

- Equipment Holder Address: Nhn nh v tr vt l ca ngun ti nguyn idin cho i tng thit b gi. T khi i tng thit b gi c th c lng a ch c th lng vo nhau. V d, nu h thng c thit b gi 3 mc i khung, v, rnh, theo th t, th vic nh a ch c th c m nhn nh khung ckhung m v khung cho v v m v tr cho rnh.

- Equipment Holeder Type: Nhn nh dng thit b gi s dng chui c tnhGi tr c th l khung, v, rnh v gi my.

- Equipment Id : L vic nhn nh i tng thit b duy nht, m gi tr ca nc th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cp i tng thit b.

- Enternal Time: Cung cp ngy gi h thng.- Fabric Id : Duy nht nhn nh i tng khung m gi tr phn bit ca n c

th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cp i tng khung.- From Termination: Nhn nh im kt cui ng (ngun hoc hai hng

im kt ni cui (pha thu hoc hai hng), hoc im cui nhm kt hp vthnh phn ca mt ca cc phn loi trn.



22/27

Qun l mng Vin thng- Gtp Id : Duy nht nhn nh im cui nhm m gi tr ca n c th s d

nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cp i tng im cui nhm.- Holder Status: Nhn nh trng thi vt l ca thit b gi, v d rng, c tron

danh sch cho php, khng c trong danh sch cho php hoc khng bit.- Idle Tp Count : Tng cng s im cui tng ng vi b tr TP l trng th

khai thc c kh nng v c gi tr cho kt ni cho.- Information Transfer Capabilities: nh r cc dng dch v khc nhau h tr

bi nhm mch nh v tc 64 Kb/s ca d liu khng b hn ch, 56 Kb/s cliu khng b hn ch.

- Label of far End Exchange: Tn cho b chuyn mch cui xa ni m nhmcon mch ny kt cui.

- List of Characteristic Info: Danh sch cc dng thng tin c tnh m c thkt ni cho bi khung.

- Location Name: Chui c tnh nhn nh mt v tr.- Managed Element Id : Duy nht nhn nh i tng thnh phn b qun l m

gi tr phn bit ca n c th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cptng b qun l.

- Managed Element Complex Id : Duy nht nhn nh i tng thnh phn phc b qun l m gi tr phn bit ca n c th s dng nh RDN cho vic

im ca cp i tng b qun l.- Mpcross Connection Id : Duy nht nhn nh i tng kt ni cho a imm gi tr ca n c th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cp i tqun l.

- Network Id : Duy nht nhn nh i tng mng m gi tr ca n c th sdng nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cp i tng b qun l.

- Network Level Pointer : Con tr cho im cp i tng b qun l mng.- Number of Cireuits: Tng s cc mch trong nhm mch con.

- Operational State: i din cho kh nng thao tc ca ngun ti nguyn vhai gi tr: c kh nng v khng c kh nng.

- Protected : Gi tr Boolean nhn nh khi i tng b qun l tng nc bo v hoc khng.

- Redline: Nhn nh khi i tng b qun l tng ng l dy , v d: M phn ca mch cm ng (nhy cm).

- Replaceable: Nhn nh khi i tng b qun l tng ng c th c thth hoc khng th thay th.

- Serial Number : S ni tip cho ngun ti nguyn vt l nh l nt mng.



23/27

Qun l mng Vin thng- Server Connection List : Nhn nh danh sch ca i tng kt ni trong cng

lp mng cu thnh ng tng ng.- Server Trail List : Nhn nh i tng ng truyn trong lp mng c th s

dng song song phc v i tng kt ni.- Signaling Capabilities: nh r cc dng tn hiu h tr bi nhm mch con,

nh l ISDN phn ny s dng (ISOP).- Signal Type: nh r cc dng tn ca kt ni cho, b tr Tp, hoc im cu

nhm. Dng tn hiu c th n gin, gi, hoc phc tp. Nu l tn hiu n gin bao gm dng n gin ca thng tin c tnh. Nu tn hiu l gi, n lm s lca cc dng tn hiu ca cng thng tin c tnh. Nu dng tn hiu l phc tp bao gm chui cc tn hiu.

- Software Id : Duy nht nhn nh h thng phn mn m gi tr phn bit cn c th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn im ca cp i tng phn mn.

- Subordinate Circuit Pack Software load : Nhn nh khi phn mn c thitk c ti vo b phn cha ng mch gi, bt k khi no vic ti li t phn mn l cn thit. Gi tr ca thuc tnh ny c th l chui c th in ra, chuim i tng hoc rng.

Chn la rng khi mch gi b cha khng phi l phn mn c th ti hoc khng c phn mn ti c thit k. Chn (Sequence of Object Instonces) ccc im i tng nhn nh mt tp hp c yu cu ca cc im phn mn c ti. Khi chn l chui c th in c th ng ngha l vn thc thi cc b.

- Supportable Client List : Danh sch cc cp i tng i din cho cc thu bao i tng b qun l ring bit c kh nng h tr.

- Supported By Object List : Tp hp cc im i tng c th nh hng i tng b qun l tng ng. Cc im i tng trong tp hp c th l i ti din cho ngun ti nguyn vt l hoc lun l.

- System Timing Source: N nh r cho cc ngun nh thi s cp v th cpcho vic ng b gia cc thnh phn b qun l.

- System Title: Vic nhn nh duy nht cho cp i tng b qun l h thm gi tr ca n c th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn cc im ca cp i t b qun l.

- Total Ip Count : Tng s cc im cui tng ng vi b tr im cui.- To Termination: Nhn nh ngun hoc im cui kt ni hai hng, thu ba

hoc im cui nhm l nn thnh phn ca cc phn loi trn.- Tp Pool Id : Vic nhn nh duy nht cho cp i tng b qun l b tr i

cui m cc gi tr phnbit ca n c th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn imcp i tng b qun l.- Tps In Giplist : Danh sch cc im cui trong im cui nhm.



24/27

Qun l mng Vin thng- Tps In Tp pool list : Danh sch cc im cui trong b tr Tp-Trail Id : Vic nhn nh duy nht nh dng cp i tng ng truyn

cc gi tr phn bit ca n c th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn cc im cai tng b qun l.

- Tranmission Characteristics: nh r khi cc c tnh truyn dn khc nhau(v d: v tinh hoc iu khin di) c h tr bi nhm mch con.

- Tp Id : Duy nht nhn nh cp i tng im cui m gi tr phnbit cac th s dng nh RDN cho vic t tn m ca cp i tng b qun l.

- Upstream Connectivity Pointer : Nhn nh kt ni ln (v d u vo) l n,nhiu tng, qung b hoc qung b nhiu tng s khc bit gia tinh kt ni q b v qung b nhiu tng l pha nhn trong danh sch l quan trng i vi kt ni nhiu tng.

- User Label : Tn ch nh cho i tng b qun l.- Vendor Name: Nhn nh nh sn xut ca i tng b qun l tng n

nh l mng hoc mch gi.- Version: Nhn nh phin bn ca i tng b qun l tng ng.- Z. Ip Instance: Nhn nh mt trong hai im cui ca im ca cp i t

b qun l.

7.3 KHO ST M HNH THNG TIN Q3 Nhn chung Q3 c hon thin mnh nht v rng khp trin khai

trong b mt chung ca TMN. S kho st trong thi gian ngn nghin cm hnh thng tin ca Q3 cho s a dng ca mng vin thng. M hnthng tin Q3 s c xc nh bi tiu chun quc t phn tt yu c hnh c bn. M hnh khng c ngha l ln ht danh sch mi kha cnnhng ng hn l miu t ca tt c ci n nh sn sng v rng trongdng. Hn na vi ci nhn chnh t ngoi vo theo chun c nh ngh bi ITU-T. iu ch l nhng m hnh thng tin c bao bc trong phon c trc v ch c c trng ca mng hay c trng ca cng nghmt c miu t trn.

7.3.1 Ngi ng k qun trITU-T gii thiu Q.824 (1995) xc nh c im m hnh thng tin

cung cp cho dch v PSTN v ISDN. Ba v b ngoi ca dch v cung ccho m hnh dch v, ti nguyn mng v khch hng. Dch v bao gm cdch v PSTN v dch v ISDN.

Dch v cung cp lin quan n ti nguyn mng bao gm cng trucp, h s cng truy cp, s danh b v nhng knh truy cp. ITU-T githiu I.210 (1993) ch r dch v c th ng k n khch hng. Dch v tnn nhng nhm trong nhng dch v, dch v xa v dch v b sung. Mhnh khch hng bng h s chng thc ca khch hng trong lp lin i vs danh b v ci t ca cng chp nhn truy cp.



25/27

Qun l mng Vin thng7.3.2 Qun l v iu khin lung thng tinITU-T gii thiu Q.823 cung cp m hnh cho iu khin mng gia

thng v cho php iu khin p dng c hiu qu thng thng bng ct vo t h thng iu hnh m rng hay t ng p ng s kch thch ng ca bn trong v bn ngoi. iu khin bng tay hot ng hay khhot ng bi s to thnh ca s iu khin vt th. Lp vt th ch rgm iu khin thng thng.

B nh tuyn dng chyiu khin m ha im nThay th t b nh tuynThay th n b nh tuyn

iu khin t ng n l m hnh vi kch v iu khin vt th. Vth kch thch c th v trang hay khng v trang (t nhin hay khng t

nhin). iu khin vt th c bit hnh ng v t nhin ca iu khindng.

7.3.3 Cc m hnh i tng Q3 dnh cho s qun l mng SS7SS7 l tiu chun tn hiu c s dng rng ri nht trong mn

PSTN.Ging nh cc m hnh tham chiu mng OSI theo lp, SS7 bao gmlp: Lp truyn thng ip (MTP), ISUP, lp iu khin kt ni tn hi(SCCP), v lp chuyn i kh nng ng dng (TCAP).Hai m hnh i tny c xc nh ln lt cho lp MTP v SCCP Q751.1 v Q7512, vchng ch cung cp 1 tm nhn NE.

Mng SS7 c to nh cc im tn hiu c kt ni bi cc lin tn hiu. Nhiu loi im bo hiu v lin kt to ra mng bo hiu chnh ha nh l im bo hiu MTP, im kt thc lin kt tn hiu, u c bo hiu, im u cui tp hp lin kt bo hiu. Lp MTP chu trch nhinh tuyn cc thng ip bo hiu gia cc im bo hiu. Cc ng k bo hiu v kh nng nh tuyn c m hnh ha bi phn tp hp nh tuyn bo hiu lp i tng c qun l.

Lp SCCP, tng t trong chc nng lp mng ca m hnh tham chimng OSI, chu trch nhim gi iu khin kt ni. Nhiu loi iu khc m hnh ha bi cc lp i tng sau:iu khin nh tuyn SCCiu khin phi kt ni SCCP, iu khin hng kt ni SCCP, v s qunSCCP. Mun bit thm tham lun chi tit trn cc m hnh i tng cho squn l mng SS7, tham kho Petermueller (1996).

7.3.4 M hnh i tng Q3 cho mng ATMDin n ATM, cho cng nghip chuyn dng pht trin ca ti

chun cng ngh ATM c nhng tiu chun vt th ging nhau trong m hthng tin hay MIB bao gm M4 MIB (ATM98) v ch cung cp NE tng thGip qun l khc nhau trong giao thc, hai phin bn khc bit ca MImt l SNMP v mt l CMIP c hai xc nh (ATM97). M hnh lp tng qun l din rng a dng ca thnh phn cu thnh vi ATM NE drng t nhng lp ATM giao tip v giao thc giao tip trn mn hnhnh ng - mch - hnh ng giao thc trn mn hnh.



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Qun l mng Vin thng

7.3.5 M hnh i tng Q3 cho mng SDHITU-T gii thiu G744 ch r m hnh thng tin cho cp bc ng b k

thut s (SDH) m ch cung cp cch nhn tng th ca mng SDH. M hcha hn 80 i tng yu t qun l lp, i din thay i khc nhau vngoi yu t ca mng SDH bao gm phn tch trn kt ni im u cC nhng lp i tng c bit t nhng lp i tng ca mng c im ging nh TMN m hnh i tng chng hn nh trn.

TM TTChng ny gii thiu v mng qun l vin thng TMN. Chng ta s dng

li ng dng c tm tt ngn gn mt vi u im chnh ca TMN. Nhng trht, phn tm tt ngn gn ca cc vn c yu cu tho lun trong chng

Chng ny bao qut 3 ch : Kin trc thng tin mng qun l vin thTMN, cc m hnh thng tin mng qun l vin thng chung, v kho st m hthng tin Q3 c cp. Kin trc thng tin mng qun l vin thng TMN miu t 3 kha cnh: M hnh hng i tng tip cn vi m hnh thng tin ql mng, m hnh cho vic trao i thng tin qun l, s t tn v a ch.

Phn nh m hnh thng tin qun l hng i tng cung cp ci nhn chuv 3 ch : Cc khi nim hng i tng, cc i tng i din cho ngunguyn mng b qun l, ngn ng m hnh thng tin c s dng i din. Pnh m hnh trao i thng tin qun l m t cc thc th qun l c cp tqu trnh trao i thng tin qun l (v d, b phn qun l v tc nhn), mi quangia cc thc th, ni dung trao i (nh l cc giao thc truyn thng v qun lng thng tin chia s gia cc thc th hnh thnh vic trao i thng tin qun l t tn v a ch vi kin trc thng tin TMN cung cp cch thc t tn v acc thc th qun l TMN v cc m hnh thng tin trong mi trng ton cu h phn b cc mng TMN v s phi hp hot ng TMN.

Phn cc m hnh thng tin mng qun l vin thng chung TMN m t 6 t

hp cc cp i tng b qun l m phng 6 kha cnh ca mng vin thng chkhng c nh r bt k k thut mng ring bit no. Cc m hnh ny c s drng ri nhn bit cc m hnh thng tin cho cc mng c k thut c bit thqua vic k tha. Phn cui cng ca cc chng ny cung cp vic kho st cm hnh thng tin Q3 c ng dng cho cc mng c k thut c bit nh l ATSONET v bo hiu s 7 (SS7).

By gi chng ta s dng cc ct li qun l mng c tnh gi thuyt tr by cc ng dng v u im ca mng qun l vin thng TMN. Gi nh l

cung cp dch v ln nht ti khu vc c 5 mng khc nhau, mi mng c h th



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Qun l mng Vin thngkhai thc khc nhau. 5 h thng qun l mng ny khng th trao i vi nhau v gdin khc nhau.

Kha cnh u tin ca ng dng mng qun l vin thng TMN l s dTMN thng nht 5 h thng qun l thnh mt b phn iu khin khai thc tm. Mt u im l gim gi thnh khai thc nh vic hp nht 5 h thng khai thnhm k thut thnh mt h thng ch khai thc mt k thut. Hiu qu bn cnn l mt giao din ngi dng c thng nht d dng cho vic nghin cs dng.

Kha cnh th hai ca ng dng l s dng giao din Q3 mng qun l vthng TMN l tiu chun cho vic trao i thng tin qun l gia h thng qun lcc loi a dng ca cc thnh phn mng. u im bao gm vic s dng cc phm c xut kho tit kim gi thnh pht trin v thi gian yu cu chokhai thc h thng. Giao din ng u vi ton b mng khin cho mng d c khai thc v iu khin.

Kha cnh th ba ca ng dng l s dng cc m hnh thng tin mng qunvin thng TMN m phng tt c cc thnh phn mng c qun l. Li ch i din ng u ca cc ti nguyn mng d dng pht trin v qun l.

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