kimia 1(percubaan stpm)
TRANSCRIPT
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Section A
Four suggested answers labelledA, B, C andD are given for each question. Choose one correct
answer.
1. Which of the following pairs are isotopic species?
A. 26028
6027
KandJ C. 25826
35726
QandP
B. MandL 7935
7935
D.
ZandY8538
8537
2. Ethanol, C2H5OH and dimethyl ether, CH3OCH3 , are analysed separately in a mass
spectrometer. Which of the following will be identical in both the mass spectrum?
A. The number of peaks C. The position of the molecular peak
B. The relative height of the peaks D. The number of fragment ions
3. The diagram below represents the Boltzmann distribution of a sample of gas at
25 C. If the temperature of the gas is increased to 50 C, in which direction wouldpoint X move?
Fraction of molecules
B C
A X D
Energy
4. Sodium azide, NaN3, is made for use in car air bags. When this compound is
heated to 300 C, it rapidly decomposes into its elements. Which volume of gas, at
room temperature and pressure, would be produced by the decomposition of onemole of sodium azide? [1 mole of gas occupied 24.4 dm
3at room temperature]
A. 24.4 dm3
B. 36.6 dm3
C. 48.8 dm3
D. 73.2 dm3
5. Which of the following correctly represents a C+ ion at the ground state?
A. C.
B. D.
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6. The triple point of a substance W is 4.2 atm and 278 K. If the temperature of solid W
increases from 200 K to room temperature at a constant pressure of 3.0 atm, which
of the following is not true?
A. The solid gradually melts to form a liquid.B. The molecules occupy a bigger volume.
C. The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases.
D. The attractive forces between the molecules decrease.
7. The ionic radii of sodium, magnesium and aluminium are 0.098 nm, 0.065 nm and
0.045 nm, respectively. Which of the following statements best describes the
descending trend?
A. The total number of electrons and protons in the nucleus increases.
B. The total number of electrons and protons in the nucleus decreases.C. The total number of electrons increases whereas the total number of protons in
the nucleus is the same.
D. The total number of electrons is the same whereas the total number of protons
in the nucleus increases.
8. Which of the following central atoms undergoes a different hybridisation from the
rest?
A. NH3 B. H2O C. AlCl3 D. C2H6
9. The first, second, third and fourth ionisation energy of three elements P, Q and R are
shown below.
ElementIonisation energy / kJ mol
1
First Second Third Fourth
P 494 4563 6913 9544
Q 717 1500 3200 4712
R 578 1817 2745 11578
Which of the following is not true?
A. P can form an ionic chloride.
B. The oxide of R is amphoteric.
C. P react vigorously with water .
D. P and Q can combine to form a covalent compound with the formula PQ3.
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10. The viscosity of glycerol is higher than that of ethanol.
CH2OH
CHOHCH2OH
glycerol
This is because
A. the relative molecular mass of glycerol is higher.
B. glycerol contains more polar bonds than ethanol.
C. glycerol can form intermolecular hydrogen bonding but ethanol cannot.
D. the covalent bonds in the glycerol molecule are stronger.
11. 1.0 dm3
of an aqueous solution containing 1.0 mol of trichloromethane and 1.0 mol
of sodium hydroxide is left to react with one another. The ionic equation for the
reaction is
2CHCl3 + 7OH CO + HCOO+ 6Cl+ 4H2O
The rate equation is
Rate = k [CHCl3] [OH] = x
Which of the following statements is correct with regards to the reaction?
A. The reaction is second order with respect to trichloromethane.B. When trichloromethane is reacting at a rate of 0.2 mol dm
3s1
, the rate of
formation of the chloride ion is 1.2 mol dm3
s1.
C. When the concentration of trichloromethane and the hydroxide ion are both
doubled, the rate of reaction is 2x.
D. When half of the hydroxide ion has reacted, the rate of reaction is x7
3.
12. Pressure
Percentage of product
Which of the following reactions will show the graph above?
A. H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) C. CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
B. 3H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g) D. N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
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13. The graph below shows the yield of gasXat different temperatures and pressures.
% of X in
equilibrium
mixture
pressure / atm
Based on the graph only, what conclusion can be drawn?
A. There is a decrease in volume when the forward reaction proceeds.
B. The forward reaction is endothermic.
C. The reaction rate increases in the presence of a catalyst.
D. Pressure has no effect on the position of equilibrium.
14. The table below lists the pH range and the colour change for three different
indicators.
Indicator pH range Colour change
Methyl orange 2.94.0 red yellowBromothymol blue 6.07.6 yellow bluePhenolphthalein 8.210.0 colourless red
What will be the colours of the indicators if they are added separately to a solution of
pH 7.0?
Methyl orange Bromothymol blue Phenolphthalein
A. Yellow Blue Colourless
B. Yellow Green Colourless
C. Red Yellow Colourless
D. Orange Yellow Colourless
15. Public swimming pools are often chlorinated to kill bacteria. As an alternative to
chlorination, silver ions in a concentration between 107
and 106
mol dm3
can be
used. Which of the following saturated solutions would provide the necessary
concentration of the needed silver ions?
Compound KspA. Ag2CO3 5.0 x 10
12mol
3dm
9
B. AgIO3 2.0 x 108
mol2
dm6
C. AgCl 2.0 x 10
10
mol
2
dm
6
D. AgBr 5.0 x 1013
mol2
dm6
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16. The boiling pointcomposition diagram of two liquids, W and Z, is shown below.
Boiling
point
W X Y Z
100 % Composition 100 %
What is the composition of the liquids being collected if a mixture of composition Y
is fractionally distilled?
A. W and X C. W and ZB. W and Y D. X and Z
17. The E
values for some halfcells are given below.
Halfcell reaction E
/ V
Sn4+
+ 2e
Sn2+ + 0.15[Fe(CN)6]
3+ e [Fe(CN)6]4 + 0.36
I2 + 2e 2I + 0.54
Fe3+
+ e
Fe2+
+ 0.77
Which of the following reactions is spontaneous?
A. Sn4+
+ 2 I Sn2+ + I2B. I2 + 2 Fe
2+ 2 I + 2 Fe3+
C. Sn4+
+ 2 [Fe(CN)6]4 Sn2+ + 2 [Fe(CN)6]
3
D. I2 + 2 [Fe(CN)6]4 2 I+ 2 [Fe(CN)6]
3
18. Which of the following statements is true regarding electrolysis?
A. Oxidation occurs at the cathode and reduction occurs at the anode.
B. Electrons flow from the cathode to the anode through the external circuit.
C. The amount of substances produced during electrolysis is directly proportional
to the amount of electric current and the charge on the ions.
D. The ease of discharge of metallic cations is inversely proportional to the
reactivity of the metals.
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19. Standard combustion enthalpies for 1,2ethanediol (HOCH2CH2OH), carbon and
hydrogen are1180.0 kJ mol1,393.7 kJ mol
1and285.9 kJ mol
1respectively.
What is the standard formation enthalpy, for 1,2ethanediol?
A. 500.4 B. 465.1 C. +465.1 D. +500.4
20. A student obtained the observations regarding three oxides, K, L and M.
(i) K is insoluble in water but is soluble in sodium hydroxide aqueous and dilute
hydrochloric acid.
(ii) L dissolves partially in water but is soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid.
(iii) M dissolves in water to form a pH 3 solution.
The acidity of the three oxides in the decreasing order is
A. K, L, M B. K, M, L C. M, K, L D. M, L, K
21. Magnesium carbonate and barium carbonate decompose when heated to form
magnesium oxide and barium oxide respectively. However, magnesium carbonate
thermally decomposes at a lower temperature. All of the following can be used to
explain the phenomenon except
A. magnesium oxide is more thermally stable than barium oxide.
B. the carbonate anion is easily polarised by the magnesium cation.
C. barium carbonate has more ionic character than magnesium carbonate.D. magnesium carbonate has higher lattice energy than barium carbonate.
22. Which of the following statements explains why tetrachloride silicon, SiCl4 , forms
white fumes in the moist air whereas tetrachloride carbon, CCl4 , does not undergo
hydrolysis?
A. Tetrachloride carbon is inert.
B. Tetrachloride carbon needs warm water to be hydrolysed.
C. The bonding of SiCl is weaker than that of CCl.D. SiCl4 molecule has empty valence orbitals to receive the water molecules.
23. The reaction between chlorine and aqueous sodium hydroxide is given as below.
3Cl2(g) + 6NaOH(aq) NaClO3(aq) + 5NaCl(aq) + 3H2O(l).
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the above reaction?
A. Dilute NaCl solution is used in the reaction.
B. Reaction occurs at hot condition.
C. Chlorine molecules undergo disproportionation reaction.
D. NaClO3 produced is used as explosive substance.
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24. The following graph shows the standard electrode potential, E, of
M3+
(aq) / M2+
(aq) for the transition elements (titanium to cobalt) in the Periodic
Table.
-1
0
1
2
Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co
Based on the graph above, which of the following ions are more stable relatively in
their +2 and +3 oxidation states?
A. Ti2+
, V2+
, Cr2+
, Mn3+
, Fe3+
, Co3+
C. Ti3+
, V2+
, Cr3+
, Mn2+
, Fe3+
, Co2+
B. Ti
2+
, V
2+
, Cr
2+
, Fe
2+
, Mn
3+
, Co
3+
D. Ti
3+
, V
3+
, Cr
3+
, Mn
2+
, Fe
2+
, Co
2+
25. An organic compound W has the following properties:
(i) All the carbon atoms are on the same plane.
(ii) All the carbon atoms have the same type of hybridisation.
(iii) Does not react with chlorine at room temperature.
Which of the following compounds is W?
A. CH2 = CH2 C. CH3CH2CH(CH3)2
B. D.
Electrode potential, E
M3+
(aq) / M2+
(aq) / V
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26. The equations below show the products formed in two separate experiments.
I:
CH3
+ HNO3
42SOH
CH3
NO2
+
CH3
NO2
II:
NO2
+ CH3Cl3AlCl
NO2
CH3
Why are different isomers of methylnitrobenzene obtained?
A. The type of catalyst used in both reactions is different.
B. The methyl group is an orthopara director whereas the nitro group is a meta
director.
C. Nitration is an exothermic process whereas alkylation is an endothermic
process.
D. Compared to nitro group, methyl group strongly activates the benzene ring,
thus encouraging multiple products.
27. A series of reactions of benzene is shown as below.
I
CH3II
Br CH3III
Br COOH
IV
Br COOH
O2N
Which of the following steps involve electrophilic substitution?
A. I and III C. I, II and IV
B. I, II and III D. II and IV
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28. Which of the following compounds is the product obtained when ethene is oxidised
by oxygen at 300 C using silver catalyst?
A. HOCH2CH2OH C. H2CCH2
O
B. HCCH O O
D. O
CH2 CH2
\ /
O O
29. What are the reactions required to carry out the following synthesis?
CH2CH2OH CHBrCH3
A. Oxidation, addition C. Dehydration, reduction
B. Reduction, oxidation D. Dehydration, addition
30. When ethylmagnesium bromide, CH3CH2MgBr, is heated with an organic compound
X, 2methyl2butanol is formed. What is compound X?
A. Propanal C. 2methylpropane
B. Propanone D. 2methyl2butene
31. P, Q, R are three different compounds. P and Q react readily at room temperature to
form an ester. In the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid and under reflux, P
reacts with R to form the same ester. P could be
A. ethanoic acid C. ethanenitrile
B. ethanol D. ethanoyl chloride
32. A compound X has the following chemical properties.
(i) Forms a silver deposit when tested with Tollens reagent (ii) Liberates hydrogen gas when tested with sodium
(iii) Does not react with phosphorus pentachloride
Which of the following compounds is X?
A. HOCH2CCH3O
C. CH2CHO
COOH
B.
HO
CHO D. HCOOH
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33. Consider the following mechanism between ethanal and the cyanide ion :
: C N : +
O
CH3CH
O
CH3CHCN
H
OH
CH3CHCN
Which of the following statements is true for the reaction?
A. The carbonyl carbon atom has a low electron density.
B. The CN
is an electrophile.
C. The nitrogen atom in the CN ion donates a lone pair of electrons for bond
formation.
D. The reaction temperature must be higher than room temperature.
34. Excess sodium hydroxide aqueous is
added to compound X. Which of the
following is the product formed?
HOOC
CH2OH
HO X
A.
OOC
CH2OH
O
C.
OOC
CH2O
HO
B.
HOOC
CH2OH
O
D.
OOC
CH2O
O
35. Each of the following compounds is poured into a test tube and an aqueous solutionof silver nitrate is added. The three test tubes are then placed in a hot water bath.
CH3CH2COCl Cl ClCH2COOH
I II III
Which sequence of the compounds according to the descending order of their
reactivity is correct?
A. II, III, I C. I, III, II
B. III, I, II D. I, II, III
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36. Chaulmoogric acid shown below is a cyclic fatty acid found in the chaulmoogra oil.
The oil can be extracted from an East Indian plant and was used to treat leprosy.
(CH2)12COOH
Which of the following statements is not true for chaulmoogric acid?
A. Hydrogenation of chaulmoogric acid is important for the manufacture of butter.
B. 0.01 mol of the acid reacts completely with 200 cm3
of 0.05 mol dm3
NaOH.
C. It decolourises bromine water.
D. It forms an ester with ethanol.
37. Which of the following reagents can be used to distinguish between ethylamine and
ethanamide?
A. 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine C. aqueous sodium hydroxide
B. phosphorus(V) oxide D. alkaline iodine
38. Which of the following pairs of compounds and reagents will react to form
benzenediazonium chloride under suitable conditions?
A. Phenol and H2SO4 / HCl C. Phenylamine and HNO3 / HCl
B. Nitrobenzene and Sn / HCl D. Phenylamine and NaNO2 / HCl
39. Although the relative molecular mass of amino ethanoic acid (Mr = 75) and
1butanol (Mr = 74) are almost the same, amino ethanoic acid is a solid at room
temperature and pressure whereas 1butanol is a liquid. This is because
A. amino ethanoic acid can form zwitterions.
B. all the atoms in the amino ethanoic acid molecule lie on the same plane.
C. only amino ethanoic acid can form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
D. the surface area of the 1butanol molecules is larger than amino ethanoic acid.
40. Bakelite is an example of
A. an elastomer C. a homopolymer
B. a thermoplastic D. a thermosetting polymer
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A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2 only
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct
1, 2 and 3
are correct
41. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1 Chromium and manganese have the same number of electrons in the 3d
subshell
2 Copper and zinc have the same number of electrons in the 3d subshell
3 Chromium and copper have the most unpaired electrons in their respective
atoms
42. Which of the following observations can be explained from the viewpoint of
intermolecular forces only?1 CO2 is a gas whereas SiO2 is solid.
2 SiCl4 is more volatile than GeCl4.
3 Although the size of the sulphur atom is smaller than the size of the phosphorus
atom, the boiling point of sulphur is higher than the boiling point of
phosphorus.
43. The change in ionic product for water, Kw with temperature is as shown below.
Temperature, K 15.0 40.0 62.0 75.0
Kw / x 1014 mol2 dm6 0.450 2.92 10.0 16.9
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1 The dissociation of water is an endothermic process.
2 Water is a stronger electrolyte at a higher temperature.
3 The concentration of H+
increases with increase in temperature.
44. Several experiments were carried out on a solute Q to determine its distribution
between two immiscible solvents, water and chloroform. The ratio of the
concentration of Q in water and chloroform after equilibrium is shown below.
Experiment number 1 2 3
chloroform
water
]Q[
]Q[ 8.20 10.77 9.30
Which of the following could account for the above results?
1 The temperature of the solvents was not kept constant.
2 The solute Q is in different molecular condition in both solvents.
3 The solution mixture does not obey Raoults Law.
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A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2 only
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct
1, 2 and 3
are correct
45. Which of the following reasons for recycling aluminium is not true?
1 For producing better quality aluminium.
2 Reduce environmental pollution.
3 Producing aluminium at a lower cost.
46. In which of the following reactions does ammonia act as a lone pair electrons donor?
1 HCl(g) + NH3(g) NH4Cl(s)2 Cu2+(aq) + 4NH3 (aq) Cu(NH3)42+
(aq)
3 HSO4
(aq) + NH3(aq) NH4+(aq) + SO4
2(aq)
47. An organic compound containing 59.7 % chlorine (by mass) is formed when a
hydrocarbon X reacts completely with chlorine without evolving white fumes. What
could the structural formulae for X be?
[relative atomic mass : H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35.5; relative molecular mass of X = 96.]
1 CH3CH = CHCH = CHCH2CH3
2
CH3CH3
3
CH3
48. Which of the following compounds is/are the major product(s) when
pmethylphenol reacts with aqueous bromine?
1 OH
Br Br
CH3
2 OH
BrCH3
3 OH
Br BrCH3
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A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2 only
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct
1, 2 and 3
are correct
49. Which of the following pairs of compounds can be differentiated by using an
aqueous solution of iron(III) chloride?
1 Phenol and benzoic acid.
2 Ethanoic acid and ethanol.
3 Phenol and methanol.
50. Styrene, C6H5CH = CH2 can be polymerised to poly(styrene). It can be concluded
that
1 The empirical formula of styrene and poly(styrene) are the same.
2 The HCH bond angle in styrene and poly(styrene) are the same.3 Both styrene and poly(styrene) will decolourise aqueous bromine.