informaciis damgroveblebi

kompiuteris erT-erT mTavar komponents warmoadgens mudmivi mexsiereba, anu mowyobiloba, romelSic informacia

inaxeba xangrZlivi droiT da ar ikargeba, mis xelovnur waSlamde.

maT ganekuTvnebianvinCesteri HD (Hard Disk) moqnili diski (Floppy Disk (FD). CD/DVD diski fleS mexsiereba

zogadad maT monacemTa damgroveblebs uwodeben. imisda mixedviT, Tu ra meTodiT xdeba monacemTa Senaxva, isini SegviZlia davyoT meqanikur, magnitur, optikur, optikur-magnitur da fleS damagroveblebad.

myari diski HHD (Hard Disk), igive vinCesteri. es diski, an diskebi moTavsebulia daxurul hermoblokSi sxva meqanizmebTan erTad da mTlianobaSi mas myari diskCamdebi – HDD (Hard Disk Drive). misi Semqmnelia firma IBM, pirveli modeli damzadda qalaq vinCesterSi da metsaxelic am qalaqis pativsacemad miiRo.

diskebi damzadebulia specialuri metalebisa, an minisagan, zedapirebi damuSavebulia nanometruli sizustiT da dafarulia Txeli qimiuri magnituri feniT. am nivTierebas aqvs aseTi Tviseba, Tu davamagnitebT mis romelime wertils, igi am magnitobas ar kargavs da inaxavs didi xnis ganmavlobaSi. diski damagrebulia patara zomis eleqtro Zravze, romelic mas didi siswrafiT abrunebs. diskis zedapiris gaswvriv moZraobs liTonis patara Rero, romlis boloSi damagrebulia eleqtro-magnituri Tavaki. Tavaks aqvs mikroskopuli gula, romelic denis miwodebisas magnitdeba.

radganac gula diskis zedapirTan Zalian axlos imyofeba (magram ar exeba), igi diskis magnitur fenaze warmoqmnis sxvadasxva polarobis magnitur wertilebs. vinaidan diski Tavakis qveS brunavs, gula daamagnitebs erT wres, gadainacvlebs meore wreze da axla mis wertilebs daamagnitebs. Semdeg mesames, meoTxes da a.S. ra moxdeba, Tu Tavaks dens ar mivawvdiT. am SemTxvevaSi mis qveS mbrunavi diskis damagnitebuli wertilebi daamagnite ben gulas da Tavakis koWaSi aRiZvreba Zabva.

imisda mixedviT, Tu rogori polarobis wertili gaivlis gulas qveS, koWaSi aRiZvreba an dadebiTi an uaryofiTi muxti. e. i. dedaplatidan IDE SleifiT

wamosuli cifruli signalebi gadaeca myari diskis kontrolers, romelic vinCesters qvemodan aqvs mikruli, kontrolerma es signalebi gardaqmna

dadebiT an uaryofiT Zabvad da miawoda Tavakis koWas, romelmac Sesabamisi polarobiT daamagnita gula, xolo gulam Tavis mxriv daamagnita

mis qveS myofi diskis zedapiris wertilebi, anu moxda diskze Cawera. wakiTxvis dros, diskis damagnitebuli wertilebi gadascemen magnitobas

gulas, romelic koWaSi aRZravs + an _ Zabvas, Zabva miewodeba kontrolers, igi gardaqmnis mas cifrul 1-anad an 0-ianad da gadaawodebs dedaplatas.

idea martivia, Tumca am meqanizmis damzadeba, uzustesi da ZviradRirebuli teqnologiiT xdeba.

kontroleri agreTve gansazRvravs, Tu romeli mimarTulebiT da romel wreze unda gadaadgildes Tavaki. Tavakis Reros

amoZravebs patara zomis bijuri Zravi an eleqtro magniti, romlebic kontroleridan mosuli Zabvis mixedviT moqme deben.

wrexazs, romelsac Tavaki amagnitebs biliki ewodeba. bilikebi Caketili formisaa, anu spiralurad ar aris daxveuli. Tavaki Seavsebs erT biliks, Semdeg gadaadgildeba meoreze. bilikebis sigane mikrometruli ganzimilebebia da zedapirze 40.000-ze meti biliki gvaqvs. diski warmoadgens Txel firfitas, mas aqvs meore zedapiric, mopirdapire mxares. diskis qveda mxarec dafarulia magnituri feniT da iq meore Tavaki muSaobs. zogadad, rac ufro didi farTobis magnituri fena gveqneba, miT meti monacemi dagveteva diskze. amitom mwarmoeblebi, tevadobis gazrdis mizniT ayeneben 2, 3, 4 da ufro met disks erT mowyobilobaSi da iTviseben maT orive zedapirs. Sesabamisad TiToeul diskTan muSaobs 2 Tavaki.

Cawera-wakiTxvis dros amuSavdeba pirveli diskis pirveli Tavaki, igi daamuSavebs pirvel biliks da ki ar gadaadgildeba, moqmedebas dauTmobs qveda zedapiris Tavaks, isic Tavisi saqmis gakeTebis Semdeg gamoirTveba da saqmes gaagrZelebs meore diskis pirveli Tavaki, mere meore da a.S. anu, Rero ar gadaadgildeba manam, sanam yvela zedapiris pirveli biliki ar damuSavdeba, Semdeg Rero yvela TavakTan erTad gadainacvlebs meore bilikze da muSaobas gaagrZelebs isev pirveli diskis pirveli Tavaki. Cawera-wakiTx is aseT meTods cilindruli ewodeba.

mwarmoeblebi mudmivad cdiloben gazardon myari diskebis tevadoba da Cawera-wakiTxvis siCqare. rogor miiRweva es. Tu davaviwrovebT bilikebs da maT Soris manZils, maSin meti biliki gveqneba zedapirze, e. i. meti monacemebi dagveteva, Tu SevamcirebT damagnitebul wertilTa Soris manZilebs, maSin erT bilikze meti wertili (anu biti) dagveteva. es parametrebi gansazRvraven e.w. Caweris simkvrives, rac gulisxmobs bitebis raodenobas kvadratul duimze.

Caweris dabali da maRali simkvrive

iseT faqiz da teqnologiurad rTul mowyobilobaSi, rogoric vinCesteria, ar SeiZleba monacemebi inaxebodes mouwesrigeblad, anu qaoturad. igi SeiZleba SevadaroT did qalaqs, sadac milionobiT adamiani cxovrobs. qalaqSic mosaxleobis ganlageba gegmazomierad, anu raRaca wesebis mixedviT xdeba. igi dayofilia raionebad, mikroraionebad, quCebad da a.S. myar diskze miliardobiT da trilionobiT biti gvyavs `dasaxlebuli~, amitom ra Tqma unda isinic garkveuli kanonzomierebebiT ganTavsdebian diskebis zedapirebze. umcires erTeuls diskze ewodeba seqtori (Sector). masSi ganTavsebulia 512 baiti, anu 4096 biti, anu Tavakis mier damagnitebuli 4096 wertili. erT bilikze SeiZleba iyos 300-dan 700-mde seqtori, nu gagikvirdebaT, saubaria erTi diskis, erTi zedapiris, erT bilikze, Cven xom fantastikurad mcire zomebTan gvaqvs saqme.realurad seqtoris zoma aris 571 baiti, aqedan 512 baiti monacemebia, anu is monacemebi, romlebic Cven gvWirdeba. danar Ceni 59 baiti warmoadgens e.w. seqtoris sufiqss da prefiqss.

seqtorebi Tavis mxriv ganTavsebulia e.w. klasterebSi (cluster). klasteri SeiZleba Seicavdes 8, 16, 32, 64 da 128 seq tors. sxvadasxva diskze SeiZleba sxvadasxva zomis klasteri Segxvdes. klasteris idea imaSi mdgomareobs, rom Tavaks ar gauWirdes ama Tu im seqtoris moZebna, anu igi qalaqSi quCis daniSnulebisaa, sadac sxvadasxva nomris saxlebia ganTavsebuli. yvela klasters da seqtors aqvs Tavisi nomeri. klastere bi qmnian biliks, biliki qalaqis mikroraions SegviZlia SevadaroT, bilikebsac Tavisi nomrebi aqvs. is bilikebi, romlebis diskis centridan yvelaze Sors mdebareoben gare bilikebia, axlos mdebare bilikebs Siga bilikebs uwodeben. gare bilikebi ufro grZelia, vidre Siga bilikebi. e. i. rac grZelia biliki, miT meti seqtori da Sesabamisad klasteri daeteva masze. Sesabamisad bilikis sigrZis mixedviT diskis zedapiri dayofilia zonebad. anu gare bilikebi qmnian gare zonas, Semdeg modis Siga zona, Semdeg kidev ufro Siga zona da a.S.

Madloba yuradRebisTvis