Manoj Sah– BEL/070/224Pankaj Sah– BEL/070/227Paras Subedi– BEL/070/228Sandeep Neupane– BEL/070/235

Bishal Rimal – BEL/070/213Ganesh Bhandari - BEL/070/216Himal Chaulagain– BEL/070/218Manish Lawar– BEL/070/223

Attachment to Kulekhani-I Hydropower plant

2073/08/25 to 2073/08/27

Objective

• To observe the civil structure of the hydropower project

• To study detail operating mechanism of the powerhouse

• To learn about the process of synchronization with interconnected system

OverviewLocation:

Dam: Makawanpur, kulekhani Powerhouse: Makawanpur, Dhorshing

Construction started : 1977 A.D.Generation started : 1982 A.D.Installed capacity : 60 MWPrimary Annual generation : 165 GWhSecondary annual generation: 46 GWhCapital cost: $117.84 millionFunded by : World bank, Kuwait fund, UNDP, Overseas

economic cooperation fund, GON

Special features

• Reservoir type hydropower plant• Operates in peak hour period and often

operated for voltage improvement and system stability

• Supplies more reactive power than other stations

• During blackout it starts operation and energizes main transmission line and other power plants

Why Kulekhani-I for black start?

Process of black start Backup battery starts diesel generator Diesel generator helps to bring

generating station into operation Energize the key transmission line Starts other power plant

Civil structure Dam

1 Type : Zoned Rock Fill Dam with

Inclined Core

2Dam Height

:114 m

3Crest Length

:406 m

4Crest Width

:10 m

5

Embankment Volume

:4,4419348 m^3

Reservoir1 Catchment basin

area :126 km^2

2Reservoir area : 2.2 km^2 at highest water level

: 1530m from (M.S.L.)3 Gross storage

capacity : 85.30 million cu.m (Initial) : 62.30 cu. m (Estimated 2002)4 Effective Storage

Capacity : 73.30 million cu. M(Initial) 55.56 cu.m (Estimated 2002)5 Dead Storage : 12 million cu.m (Initial) : 6.74 cu.m (Estimated 2002)6 Design Flood

Inflow : 1380 m^3/sec7 Probable Max.

Inflow : 2720 m^3/sec8 Design Flood

Outflow : 1270 m^3/sec9 Probable

Max.Flood Outflow: 2540 m^3/sec

10

Fax Strech in Full Level : 7 km

Waterway Intake

1.Original Structure

Type :Horizontal Bell mouth type with gate shaft

Gate :Caterpillar Gate 2.5m wide*25m high

2.Sloping Intake :Constructed under KDPP-I

Dimension :103m long*7.2m wide*5.2m high

Inside width :2.5 m

Minimum operation level for :13.1 m^3/sec

full load 60 mw

Tributary Intakea. Chakhel Intake

Type :Non controlled weir type

Connecting Tunnel : 2368 m Long

Dimension : 1.8m wide*18m high

Maximum capacity : 4.1 m^3/sec

b. Sim Intake

Type :

Non controlled weir with shaft of 94.7m high and an air trap chamber

Maximim capacity : 3.3 m^3/sec

Reservoir

Spillway:Controlled Crest with 2 Radial Gates of 9.0m wide * 11.5m high and Non-Controlled Crest of 65m Long with Chute and Plunge Pool

Penstock Line1 Diameter : 2.1-1.5 m2 Length : 1168 m

3Length of Bifurcation(each) : 14 m

Headrace Tunnel1Type :Circular Section

2Diameter and length :

2.5m dia*6233m long

Surge Tank1

Type : Circular Section2 Diameter

and Height : 3m dia*92m high

Tailrace Tunnel

1Type : Chamber type

2Dimension : 3.1m wide *in length

By pass valve and inlet valve By pass valve Reduce water pressure to open inlet valve Inlet valve Regulate water flow Remains complete open/close

TurbineTurbine

1No. of units : Two

2Type :Vertical Shaft Pelton

3Rated output : 31,000 kW

4Rated speed : 600 rpm (50 Hz)

5Gross Head : 614m to 560m

6Rated Head : 550m

7Maximum Discharge : 13.1 m3/sec

Turbine rotating and coupling mechanism

Governing mechanism Regulate bucket striking water flow Maintains constant speed under varying load condition

Load ↑ − water flow ► ↑ Load ↓ − water flow ► ↓

Schematic diagram of governer

Cooling system

Water cooling system

Cools generator and power transformer

Fire fighting system Performed manually with CO2

Cooling system

Sound trap system Traps the noise and Removes out of the plant

Generator & Excitor

Generator

1.No. of units :Two

2.Types :Vertical Shaft revolving salient field three phase synchronous type

3.Rated Capacity :35.3MVA 0.85 lag

4.Generating Voltage :11 kV

5.Frequency :50 Hz Fig: excitor

Excitation system

Syncronization and braking system

Condition : Set during construction

1. Waveform2. Phase sequence

Set during synchronization3. Frequency4. Voltage 5. Phase angle

Braking system Jet brake:- reverse striking of

water to bucket Air brake :- when speed

reached 40%

Steps of synchronization•STOP•PREPATION•INLET VALVE•START•EXCITATION•PARALLEL•LOAD

Single line diagram of kulekhani-I

Switch yard

Switchyard

TransformerRating 35MVA

Frequency 50HZ

Connection Star/delta

Type 3 phase oil immersed forced oil-circulation with water cooler, indoor type

Primary voltage

11Kv

Secondary voltage

66Kv

Primary current

1837A

Secondary current

306A

500 KVA for Powerhouse

Current and voltage transformer

Voltage 66Kv

Unit 1 per phase

Connection Parallel to busbar

Secondary voltage 110 V

Primary current 400-600ASecondary current 5A

Type 3-core secondary

Unit 2

Current Transformer Potential Transformer

Relay

Circuit breakers

Type SF6

Voltage 66KV

Normal current 0.5KA

Breaking current 12.5KA

Making current 31.5KA

Restriking voltage 0.75us/kv

Brake timeMaking timeBreaking time

5s0.15s0.05s

Synchronizing SF6 CB

For 11Kv – vacuum CB

Breaking SF6 CB

Type SF6Rated Voltage 72.5KV

Normal currentNominal current

2KA600A

Breaking current 12.5KA

Making current 31.5KA

Restriking voltage 0.75us/kv

Brake timeMaking timeBreaking time

5s0.15s0.05s

Isolator

Voltage 72KV

Short time current 20KA for 2 sec

Rated current 600A

Impulse withstand 350KV

Lightning arrestor

EARTHINGEarth wire

PLCC:-Power line carrier communication Way of Data transmission system using power line with different frequency information Each end of transmission line is provided with PLCC equipment(frequency fiter) Station to station communication Protection of transmission lineBut not in used now….

SCADA:-Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition System Operates with coded signals over communication channel Control of remote equipment Programmable logic controller (PLCs) as subsystems

Present communication system: 4 core OPGW

Partial SCADA: LDC can observe every status but cant control any operation

Backup system Battery bank : Control and power house

400 Ah, 110v55*2v each in series

communication system48V24*2V each in series

For protection For internal lighting

Diesel Generator 1 : capacity : 350 Kva/240KW RPM : 1500 gen. voltage 400V Diesel generator-2 Capacity : 385kva/286.4kw RPM 1500 Gen. voltage 400V

For maintenance For black start

Time Power load Power factor Gen.1 MW Gen.2 MW Total MW Gen.1

cosɸ1Gen.2 cosɸ2

Freq. Hz Voltage KV Water level

01:00 - - - - - 50.1 67.7 1523.5002:00 - - - - - 49.7 67.2 1523.5003:00 - - - - - 49.9 67.7 1523.5104:00 - - - - - 50.0 67.0 1523.5105:00 - - - - - 50.2 67.6 1523.5106:00 - - - - - 50.0 66.9 1523.5107:00 - - - - - 49.6 64.7 1523.5108:00 - - - - - 49.4 63.4 1523.5109:00 - - - - - 49.6 62.8 1523.5110:00 - - - - - 50.1 64.1 1523.5111:00 - - - - - 49.9 64.1 1523.5112:00 - - - - - 49.6 65.0 1523.5113:00 - - - - - 49.8 65.9 1523.5214:00 - - - - - 50.0 64.9 1523.5215:00 - - - - - 50.0 64.9 1523.5216:00 - - - - - 50.1 64.8 1523.5217:00 - - - - - 50.1 67.0 1523.5218:00 - 20.00 20.00 - 0.99 50.0 67.3 1523.5219:00 - - - - - 49.8 66.0 1523.5220:00 - - - - - 50.0 67.2 1523.5221:00 - - - - - 49.7 67.1 1523.5222:00 - - - - - 49.7 66.9 1523.5223:00 - - - - - 50.0 66.7 1523.5324:00 - - - - - 49.5 63.3 1523.53

Daily Log Sheet - 2073/08/25

Morning peak load (MW) Evening peak time (MW)Time KL-1 Hz Time KL-1 Hz

06:00 - - 17:30 - -

06:15 - - 17:45 24.00 49.4

06:30 - - 18:00 20.00 50.0

06:45 - - 18:15 15.00 49.8

07:00 - - 18:30 14.00 49.8

07:15 - - 18:45 - -

07:30 - - 19:00 - -

07:45 - - 19:15 - -

08:00 - - 19:30 - -

08:15 - - 19:45 - -

08:30 - - 20:00 - -

Recommendation

Use of sectionalized Bus barUpgrade transmission from 66Kv Use of SCADA systemRemoval of sediment from the reservoir

….THANK YOU….