kultur jaringan pendahuluan.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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TIM DOSEN MK BIOTEKNOLOGIFAKULTAS PERTANIAN - UB
2013
KULTUR JARINGAN KULTUR JARINGAN TANAMANTANAMAN
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TWO MAJOR AREAS OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
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Plant Tissue CultureA Requirement for Transgenic Development
A plant part Is cultured
Callusgrows
Shootsdevelop Shoots are rooted;
plant grows to maturity
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http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/images/mg0003art35.jpg
http://us.123rf.com/450wm/bannerwega/bannerwega1212/bannerwega121200056/16989069-experiment-of-plant-tissue-culture.jpg
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What Is plant tissue culture?What Is plant tissue culture?
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HISTORY
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What conditions do plant cells need to What conditions do plant cells need to multiply in vitro?multiply in vitro?
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TISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONSTISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONS
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TYPES OF TISSUE CULTURE
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THREE FUNDAMENTAL ABILITIES OF PLANTS
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• Cultured tissue must contain competent cells (cc) or cells capable of regaining competence (dedifferentiation). – e.g. an excised piece of differentiated tissue or
organ (Explant) → dedifferentiation → callus (heterogenous) →redifferentiation (whole plant) = cellular totipotency.
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• Tanaman adalah organisme multiseluler yang kompleks dengan organ-organ yang mempunyai fungsi berbeda.
• Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan memungkinkan, organisme multiseluler yang kompleks tersebut dikembalikan pada ground state pada level sel-sel dengan potensi genetik yang sama.
• Sel-sel yang tidak terorganisir tersebut dapat dimanipulasi.
• Apabila diperlukan, sel-sel tersebut diatur kembali menjadi tanaman yang lengkap melalui manipulasi lingkungan tumbuhnya.
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BASIS FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
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Explants Callus
Protoplasts Development Suspension cells
Organs (leaves, roots, shoots, flowers,...)
De-differentiation Re-differentiation
1. Meristems 2. Leaf sections 3. Bulb sections 4. Embryos 5. Anthers 6. Nucellus
Callus formation
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What is required?
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EXPLANTS• A SMALL PIECE OF THE DESIRABLE PLANT
IS SELECTED.
• GENERALLY MERISTEMATIC TISSUE OR INTERNODAL SEGMENTS OF THE PLANT IS SELECTED FOR MICROPROPAGATION.
• THE SELECTED PLANT TISSUE IS CALLED AS EXPLANT.
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EX-PLANT SOURCE
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CULTURE MEDIUM
• THE TISSUE SO COLLECTED IS PLACED IN A CULTURE MEDIUM / NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR THE MULTIPLICATION OF CELLS.
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NUTRIENT MEDIA FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURES
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Functions of medium
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MACROELEMENTS
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MICROELEMENTS
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FUNCTION OF NUTRIENTS IN PLANT GROWTH
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ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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Other Compounds
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SUPPORT SYSTEMS
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Media Formulations
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3. PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (Body building Plants)
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Plant growth regulators used in plant tissue culture media
Normal concentration range is 10-7 ~ 10-5M
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Morphogenetic response of thin cell layers explants of tobacco
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TERIMA KASIH
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TUGAS PER KELOMPOK
• 1. Pilih salah satu TOPIK (lihat di tipe-tipe Kuljar)• 2. Dibuat Makalah• 3. Format :• 4. Pustaka minimal 5 buah• 5. Dibuat PPT-nya dan digabungkan semua
kelompok dalam 1 (satu) CD• 6. Dikumpulkam pada minggu ke-3• 7. Di presentasikan mulai minggu ke-4
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Format makalah• 1. Pendahuluan
– Latar Belakang– Tujuan (sesuai topik masing-masing)
• 2. Metodologi– Jenis Eksplan– Sterilisasi (teknik dan bahan sterilant) – Media– ZPT– SubKultur
• 3. Kesimpulan• 4. Daftar Pustaka
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• Diketik di kertas A4• Spasi 1,15• Huruf Tahoma 10
Format makalah