ZVREN PRCE

Kytara

Olomouc, erven 2014 Veronika Jakubkov

Vedouc prce: Jarmila iick

FAKULTN ZKLADN KOLA OLOMOUC, HLKOVA 4

Fakultn zkladn kola Olomouc, Hlkova 4

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Obsah

1 Historie ............................................................................................................................................ 8

1.1 Nzev ................................................................................................................................ 8

1.2 Pedchdci kytary ............................................................................................................. 8

1.2.1 Hudebn luk .................................................................................................................. 8

1.2.2 Kithara .......................................................................................................................... 9

1.2.3 Loutna......................................................................................................................... 10

1.2.4 Guitarra moresca a guitarra latina .............................................................................. 11

1.2.5 Vihuela ....................................................................................................................... 12

1.2.6 Barokn kytara ............................................................................................................ 13

2 Druhy kytar ................................................................................................................................... 14

2.1 Podle zpsobu tvorby tnu ............................................................................................. 14

2.1.1 Akustick .................................................................................................................... 14

2.1.2 Elektroakustick ......................................................................................................... 17

2.1.3 Elektrick (elektrofonick) ......................................................................................... 18

2.1.4 Basov ........................................................................................................................ 19

3 Stavba a popis klasick kytary ...................................................................................................... 20

3.1 Korpus ............................................................................................................................ 20

3.1.1 Vrchn deska ............................................................................................................... 20

3.1.2 Luby ........................................................................................................................... 21

3.1.3 Zadn (spodn) deska .................................................................................................. 21

3.1.4 Ozvun otvor ............................................................................................................ 21

Fakultn zkladn kola Olomouc, Hlkova 4

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3.1.5 Kobylka ...................................................................................................................... 21

3.2 Hmatnk .......................................................................................................................... 22

3.2.1 Krk .............................................................................................................................. 22

3.2.2 Hmatnk ...................................................................................................................... 22

3.3 Hlavice ............................................................................................................................ 22

3.3.1 Kovov mechanika ..................................................................................................... 22

4 Struny ............................................................................................................................................ 22

4.1 Ladn ............................................................................................................................. 22

4.2 Druhy strun ..................................................................................................................... 23

4.2.1 Nylonov .................................................................................................................... 23

4.2.2 Kovov ....................................................................................................................... 23

5 Psluenstv ke he na klasickou kytaru ....................................................................................... 24

5.1 Obal na kytaru ................................................................................................................ 24

5.1.1 Mkk pouzdra ........................................................................................................... 24

5.1.2 Tvrd pouzdra (kufry) ................................................................................................ 24

5.2 Kytarov podnoka/podprka ......................................................................................... 25

5.2.1 Podnoka .................................................................................................................... 25

5.2.2 Podprka ..................................................................................................................... 26

5.3 Ladiky ........................................................................................................................... 26

5.3.1 Klipov ladiky .......................................................................................................... 26

5.3.2 Stoln ladiky .............................................................................................................. 27

5.3.3 Softwarov ladiky ..................................................................................................... 27

Fakultn zkladn kola Olomouc, Hlkova 4

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5.4 Metronomy ..................................................................................................................... 28

5.4.1 Mechanick metronom ............................................................................................... 28

5.4.2 Metronom v ladice .................................................................................................... 29

5.4.3 Softwarov metronomy .............................................................................................. 30

5.5 Trstka ............................................................................................................................ 30

5.6 Kapodastry ...................................................................................................................... 31

6 Technika hry .................................................................................................................................. 32

6.1 Prsty ................................................................................................................................ 32

6.1.1 Sprvn dren prav ruky .......................................................................................... 32

6.1.2 Sprvn dren lev ruky ............................................................................................ 33

6.2 Trstkem ......................................................................................................................... 33

6.2.1 Technika deru ........................................................................................................... 33

6.2.2 Dren trstka ............................................................................................................. 34

7 drba kytary ................................................................................................................................ 35

7.1 Co kytae kod ............................................................................................................... 35

7.2 Na co si dvat pozor ....................................................................................................... 35

8 Vznamn kytarist ........................................................................................................................ 36

8.1 Souasnost ...................................................................................................................... 36

8.1.1 Leo Brouwer ............................................................................................................... 36

8.1.2 Roland Dyens ............................................................................................................. 36

8.1.3 Nikita Koshkin ........................................................................................................... 37

8.1.4 Milan Zelenka ............................................................................................................ 37

Fakultn zkladn kola Olomouc, Hlkova 4

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8.1.5 Pavel Steidl ................................................................................................................. 38

8.1.6 tpn Rak .................................................................................................................. 38

8.1.7 Vladislav Blha .........................................................................................