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CHALLENGE

Determine how to minimize geomechanics-

related drilling events and low rates of

penetration (ROP) that led to an average

loss of 2.2 days per well and costly sidetracks.

SOLUTION

Implement an integrated geomechanics

and drilling optimization process. Deploy

rotary steering systems for the first time.

RESULTS

Dramatically reduced lost time due to

geomechanics-related drilling events;

hit drilling targets 5 to 9 days faster at

increased ROP; saved USD 2.78 million

per well.

“Results achieved were the sum of

multiple aspects of the project—

including multidisciplinary plan-

ning, technical support in geome-

chanics and drilling engineering,

rotary steerable systems, drilling

fluids, well placement, and other

 technologies.”

Jaime Tapia

Drilling superintendent

Pluspetrol Norte S.A.

Mitigating geomechanical and drilling issuesPluspetrol Norte S.A. initiated a series of horizontal drilling campaigns in the Yanayacu,

Corrientes, Jibarito, and Capahuari fields of the Marañon basin in the northern

Peruvian rainforest.

Previously drilled wells encountered considerable geomechanical and drilling problems.

Costly sidetracks were common. The average historical NPT per well was 2.2 days.

Geomechanical incidents, including stuck pipe, wellbore instability, and tight holes, accounted

for a full 97% of NPT in deviated and vertical wells and 69% of NPT in previous horizontal wells.

Only five horizontals wells had been drilled before—all with aggressive dogleg severities—

using conventional downhole motors that required sliding nearly 100% of the time. Cuttings

removal had been inefficient, lowering ROPs. Stationary components had created friction, further

reducing ROPs and causing mechanical and differential sticking of the drillstring and packoffs.

Due to changes in reservoir conditions, advances in technology, and new environmental

constraints, Pluspetrol decided to implement a fresh approach.

Multidisciplinary evaluation,forecasting, and supportTo mitigate drilling risks, minimize

NPT, and reduce costs, Pluspetrol

joined forces with the Schlumberger

petrotechnical services for geome-chanics team. Working closely with

 the customer, consultants delivered

a comprehensive multidisciplinary

evaluation. This unique geomechanics

and drilling optimization workflow had

four main phases: data audit, predrill

mechanical earth modeling, modeling

while drilling, and end-of-well review.

For the data audit, the team compiled,

integrated, and analyzed all available

data in geology, geophysics, geome-

chanics, reservoir engineering, anddrilling engineering. As part of predrill

planning, they performed a geomechanics study, building a 1D mechanical earth model (MEM),

which provided a reliable wellbore stability forecast. They analyzed horizontal stress magnitude

and orientation, performed trajectory sensitivity analysis, and evaluated potential drilling hazards.

Finally, they created a plot from data measured from the DrillMAP* drilling planning and manage-

ment tool to summarize risks and guide preventive measures while drilling. During drilling,

a Schlumberger geomechanics specialist compared data from the rig with the predrill forecast

 to detect deviations and unexpected borehole conditions. After drilling, consultants met with

Pluspetrol to document key performance indicators, identify lessons learned, and optimize plans

for subsequent wells.

CASE STUDY

Geomechanics

Geomechanics and Drilling Optimization WorkflowsImprove Horizontal Well Campaigns in Peru

Multidiscipline consulting team helps Pluspetrol overcome drilling risks,saving approximately USD 2.78 million per well

0

400

800

1,200

1,600

2,000

2,400

2,800

3,200

3,600

4,000

Days from spud

    M    D ,   m

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Integrated multidisciplinary approach. This approach enabledthe operator to hit targets in 9 fewer days than anticipated.

Actual drilling performance

Planned time versusdepth (former technicallimit)

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Copyright © 2012 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 12-DC-0073

CASE STUDY: Geomechanics and drilling workflows improve horizontal well campaigns, Peru

In addition to the multidisciplinary evaluation and support, Schlumberger

also recommended replacing traditional downhole motors with a

modern rotary steerable system (RSS). Over a 3-year period, Pluspetrol

drilled seven successful horizontal wells in the Marañon basin.

Saving time, accelerating ROI, dramatically lowering costsBy establishing best practices in geomechanics and drilling optimization,

 the company significantly reduced geomechanics-related NPT. The first

 two wells, for example, had no wellbore instability issues, no stuck pipe,

and only moderate tight hole events, which were easily managed at the

rig site. In another field, historical NPT that resulted from geomechanics-

related drilling events dropped from approximately 70% to 15%, or from

an average of more than 2 days to less than a day.

Use of the RSS improved drilling performance, required fewer BHAs per

well, increased total well length 200–300 meters per well, and increased

ROP despite the longer wellbores. Ultimately, Pluspetrol hit its drilling

 targets 5 to 9 days ahead of schedule, saving rig time, bringing

production online sooner, and accelerating return on investment.

As a result, costs were dramatically reduced. Previously, drilling

events, fishing, lost in hole events, and sidetracking had cost an

estimated USD 2.38 million (sidetracking alone cost USD 2.2 million)

per well. With the new approach, Pluspetrol not only eliminated

about USD 2.36 million of those costs, but saved an additional

USD 420,000 per well by hitting targets ahead of schedule. Net

savings: approximately USD 2.78 million per well.

Geomechanics-related drilling events and NPT in one field plummeted from about 70% in previous wells—an average of 2.2 days per well— to 15% in the new campaign, or an average of 0.75 days per well.

Previous drilling campaigns(15 directional, 5 horizontal)

New drilling campaign(2 horizontal)

Tight hole/overpull

20%

LowROP/bit

7%

Other24%Lost circulation 0%

Unstable zones 0%

Stuck pipe

49%

Gumbo,10.5 h

4%

Lostcirculation, 38 h

15%

Other, 198 h

81%