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PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
PERIODE LXXI, Semester Genap, Tahun 2016 / 2017
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
SPORT CLUB DI SEMARANG
Tema Desain Arsitektur Minimalis
Fokus Kajian Mensinergikan hubungan antar ruang pada fasilitas utama
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Disusun oleh:
AGUS HARTOMO PRAKOSO NIM :12.11.0124
Dosen Pembimbing:
Ir. IGN. Dono Sayoso, MSR
NIDN : 0608075601
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA Maret, 2017
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PRAKATA
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah memberikan Rahmat dan Karunia
-Nya sehingga penyusunan Landasan Teori dan Program yang berjudul “Sport Club
di Semarang” dapat selesai tepat pada waktunya.
Penyusunan karya tulis ilmiah ini diajukan sebagai syarat menyelesaikan
pendidikan gelar Sarjana 1 Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang. Dalam penyusunan Landasan Teori
dan Program ini penulis banyak mendapat bimbingan dan petunjuk dari berbagai
pihak. Oleh karena itu penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Bapak/Ibu:
1. Dra. B. Tyas Susanti, MA. Dekan Fakultas Arsitektur dan Desain
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
2. Maria Damiana Nestri Kiswari, ST, MSc. Ketua Program Studi Arsitektur
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
3. Ir. Fx. Bambang Suskiyatno. Koordinator Proyek Akhir 71 Arsitektur
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang.
4. Ir. IGN. Dono Sayoso, MSR. Pembimbing yang dengan penuh
kesabaran dan ketekunan memberikan dorongan, perhatian, bimbingan,
pengarahan, serta saran dalam pembuatan Landasan Teori dan
Program ini mulai dari awal sampai akhir.
5. Bapak, ibu, adik dan seluruh keluargaku atas cinta, dukungan dan doa
yang selalu diberikan sehingga karya tulis ilmiah ini selesai pada
waktunya.
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6. Teman-temanku Mahasiswa Jurusan Arsitektur, atas perhatiannya
semoga kita tetap menjalin serta menjaga silaturahmi di antara kita
semua, amin.
7. Rekan-rekan dan semua pihak yang telah banyak membantu dalam
penelitian.
Penulis menyadari dalam penyusunan Landasan Teori dan Program ini masih
belum sempurna, maka saran dan kritik yang konstruktif sangat penulis harapkan
demi perbaikan Landasan Teori dan Program selanjutnya. Akhirnya penulis berharap
semoga Landasan Teori dan Program ini bermanfaat.
Semarang, 7 Maret 2017
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMANPENGESAHAN...................................................................................................ii
HALAMANPENGESAHAN..................................................................................................iii
HALAMANPERNYATAAN..................................................................................................iv
PRAKATA...........................................................................................................................v
DAFTARISI......................................................................................................................vii
DAFTARGAMBAR..............................................................................................................x
DAFTARTABEL................................................................................................................xiii
DAFTARSKEMA...............................................................................................................xiv
BABI.................................................................................................................................1
PENDAHULUAN.................................................................................................................11.1. Latar Belakang.............................................................................................................11.2. Tujuan dan Sasaran....................................................................................................2
1.2.1. Tujuan............................................................................................................................21.2.2. Sasaran Pembahasan.................................................................................................2
1.3. Lingkup Pembahasan.................................................................................................21.4. Metode Pembahasan..................................................................................................3
1.4.1. Metode Pengumpulan Data........................................................................................31.4.2. Metode Penyusunan dan Analisis.............................................................................41.4.3. Metode Pemrograman................................................................................................51.4.4. Metode Perancangan Arsitektur................................................................................6
1.5. Sistematika Pembahasan...........................................................................................71.5.1. Pendahuluan................................................................................................................71.5.2. Tinjauan Proyek...........................................................................................................71.5.3. Analisis Pendekatan Program Arsitektur..................................................................71.5.4. Program Arsitektur.......................................................................................................71.5.5. Kajian Teori...................................................................................................................81.5.6. Daftar Pustaka..............................................................................................................81.5.7. Lampiran.......................................................................................................................8
BABII................................................................................................................................9
TINJAUANPROYEK............................................................................................................92.1. Tinjauan Umum...........................................................................................................9
2.1.1. Gambaran Umum........................................................................................................92.1.2. Latar Belakang – Perkembangan – Tren.................................................................92.1.3. Sasaran Yang Akan Dicapai....................................................................................11
2.2. Tinjauan Khusus.......................................................................................................132.2.1. Terminologi.................................................................................................................132.2.2. Kegiatan......................................................................................................................14
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2.2.3. Spesifikasi dan Persyaratan Desain.......................................................................252.2.4. Deskripsi Konteks Kota.............................................................................................262.2.5. Studi Banding Kasus Proyek Sejenis.....................................................................292.2.6. Permasalahan Desain...............................................................................................37
2.3. Kesimpulan, Batasan, dan Anggapan....................................................................382.3.1. Kesimpulan.................................................................................................................382.3.2. Batasan.......................................................................................................................382.3.3. Anggapan....................................................................................................................39
BABIII.............................................................................................................................40
ANALISISPENDEKATANPROGRAMASRSITEKTUR............................................................403.1. Analisis Pendekatan Arsitektur..............................................................................40
3.1.1. Studi Aktivitas.............................................................................................................403.1.2. Studi Fasilitas.............................................................................................................483.1.3. Studi Ruang Khusus..................................................................................................643.1.4. Studi Besaran Bangunan dan Lahan Parkir..........................................................703.1.5. Studi Citra Arsitektural..............................................................................................76
3.2. Analisis Pendekatan Sistem Bangunan................................................................763.2.1. Studi Sistem Struktur dan Enclosure......................................................................763.2.2. Studi Sistem Pencahayaan dan Penghawaan......................................................953.2.3. Studi Sistem Utilitas.................................................................................................104
3.3. Analisis Konteks Lingkungan...............................................................................1163.3.1. Analisis Pemilihan Lokasi.......................................................................................1163.3.2. Analisis Pemilihan Tapak............................................................................................119
BABIV...........................................................................................................................123
PROGRAMARSITEKTUR.................................................................................................1234.1. Konsep Program.....................................................................................................123
4.1.1. Aspek Citra / Performance Arsitektural................................................................1234.1.2. Aspek Fungsi............................................................................................................1234.1.3. Aspek Teknologi......................................................................................................124
4.2. Tujuan, Faktor Penentu, Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan.............................1244.2.1. Tujuan Perancangan...............................................................................................1244.2.2. Faktor Penentu Perancangan................................................................................1244.2.3. Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan.........................................................................125
4.3. Program Arsitektur.................................................................................................1274.3.1. Program Kegiatan dan Fasilitas............................................................................1274.3.2. Program Besaran Ruang........................................................................................132
BABV............................................................................................................................143
KAJIANTEORI................................................................................................................143
5.1. Kajian Teori Penekanan/Tema Desain.........................................................1435.1.1. Interpretasi dan Elaborasi Penekanan Desain....................................................1435.1.2. Studi Preseden.........................................................................................................1465.1.3. Kemungkinan Implementasi Teori Penekanan Desain......................................149
5.2. Kajian Teori Permasalahan Dominan/Fokus Kajian..........................................1505.2.1. Interpretasi dan Elaborasi Permasalahan desain...............................................150
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5.2.2. Studi Preseden.........................................................................................................1515.2.3. Kemungkinan Implementasi Teori Permasalahan Desain.................................152
DAFTARPUSTAKA.........................................................................................................155
LAMPIRAN.....................................................................................................................158
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar1.Areafitnessdenganviewoutdoor.....................................................................................17
Gambar2.Areakolamrenangdanoutdoor........................................................................................18
Gambar3.Areaaerobikdankegiatanlainnya.....................................................................................19
Gambar4.KelasRPMdanSpinningBike..............................................................................................19
Gambar5.Areajoggingtrackpadabagianoutdoor............................................................................19
Gambar6.CafedanrestoranpadaSportClub.....................................................................................20
Gambar7.PetaPembagianBWKSemarang........................................................................................27
Gambar8.PembagianSportClubdiSemarang...................................................................................30
Gambar9.MountainLeafdiPerumahanGrahaEstetika.....................................................................31
Gambar10.TheClubdiPerumahanGrahaPadma..............................................................................32
Gambar11.KolamrenangdiLakersClub............................................................................................33
Gambar12.GardeniaSportClubdiPerumahanGardenia..................................................................34
Gambar13.RoyalDomeClubHousediPerumahanRoyalDome.......................................................34
Gambar14.CiputraGolf&FamilyClub..............................................................................................35
Gambar15.ROCASportCenter..........................................................................................................36
Gambar16.Implementasikonsepfitnesscentre................................................................................64
Gambar17.Denahfitnesscentre........................................................................................................66
Gambar18.Ruangaerobik..................................................................................................................65
Gambar19.Standartukurankolamrenang........................................................................................66
Gambar20.Standartukuransepedastatis.........................................................................................67
Gambar21.RuangSaunadenganruangganti....................................................................................68
Gambar22.RuangSaunauntuk6orang.............................................................................................69
Gambar23.Alatpemanassauna.........................................................................................................69
Gambar24.FondasiBatuBelah..........................................................................................................78
Gambar25.FondasiFootplate............................................................................................................78
Gambar26.FondasiRaftRakit............................................................................................................79
Gambar27.FondasiRetainingWall....................................................................................................80
Gambar28.Lantaikeramik.................................................................................................................85
Gambar29.Lantaivinyl.......................................................................................................................85
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Gambar30.Lantaiparket....................................................................................................................86
Gambar31.Lantaibatualam..............................................................................................................87
Gambar32.Batubata.........................................................................................................................87
Gambar33.Batako..............................................................................................................................88
Gambar34.Bataringan......................................................................................................................89
Gambar35.Partisikalsiboard.............................................................................................................89
Gambar36.Partisikaca.......................................................................................................................90
Gambar37.DindingACP.....................................................................................................................90
Gambar38.PlafondGypsum...............................................................................................................91
Gambar39.PapanPlafonPVC............................................................................................................92
Gambar40.Atapgentengkeramikflat...............................................................................................92
Gambar41.DakBeton........................................................................................................................93
Gambar42.PlafondGypsum...............................................................................................................94
Gambar43.AtapPolycarbonate.........................................................................................................94
Gambar44.RoofGlass........................................................................................................................95
Gambar45.Penerapanpencahayaanskylight....................................................................................96
Gambar46.Pencahayaanalamipadabukaandinding.......................................................................97
Gambar47.LampuTL(Neon)..............................................................................................................98
Gambar48.LampuSL..........................................................................................................................98
Gambar49.LampuHalogen................................................................................................................99
Gambar50.LampuLED.....................................................................................................................100
Gambar51.Exhaustfan....................................................................................................................103
Gambar52.ACDirect........................................................................................................................103
Gambar53.SaluranAHU...................................................................................................................104
Gambar54.Hydrant..........................................................................................................................108
Gambar55.Alatpemadamapiringan..............................................................................................109
Gambar56.Pintudaruratpadabangunan........................................................................................110
Gambar57.SmokedetectordanSprinkler.......................................................................................110
Gambar58.Tanngadaruratdiluarbangunan..................................................................................111
Gambar59.WalkyTalky....................................................................................................................112
Gambar60.Jaringaninternet............................................................................................................112
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Gambar61.Peransekuritidilapangan.............................................................................................113
Gambar62.KameraCCTV.................................................................................................................114
Gambar63.Sistempenangkalpetirkonvensional............................................................................115
Gambar64.Sistempenangkalpetirelektrostatis.............................................................................115
Gambar65.PetaudaratapakA........................................................................................................120
Gambar66.PetaudaratapakB........................................................................................................121
Gambar67.Petaudaratapakterpilih...............................................................................................140
Gambar68.PetaudaratapakA........................................................................................................142
Gambar69.MiesVanDerRohedanbangunanyangdiabikin.........................................................144
Gambar70.Rumahtradisionaljepang..............................................................................................145
Gambar71.Interiorpadaruangloker&ganti..................................................................................146
Gambar72.Konseoruangfitness.....................................................................................................147
Gambar73.Konsepruangaerobik....................................................................................................148
Gambar74.Konsepkolamrenang....................................................................................................149
Gambar75.FitnesscentrediMandarinOriental,Guangzhou..........................................................152
Gambar76.Areafitnessyangmemilikisekatkaca...........................................................................153
Gambar77.Areaindooryangbisamerasakanoutdoor...................................................................154
Gambar78.Penggunaankacayangbesarpadaseluruhareaberolahraga......................................154
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel1.Fasilitaspadatinjauanproyeksejenis....................................................................................37
Tabel2.KelompokKegiatanUtama.....................................................................................................41
Tabel3.KelompokKegiatanPelayananPublik.....................................................................................42
Tabel4.KelompokKegiatanPengelolaan............................................................................................43
Tabel5.KelompokKegiatanPenunjang...............................................................................................44
Tabel6.Waktuoperasionalbangunan.................................................................................................48
Tabel7.Analisispendekatankebutuhanruang...................................................................................53
Tabel8.Analisispendekatankebutuhanruang...................................................................................54
Tabel9.Analisisjumlahpengelola.......................................................................................................60
Tabel10.Rata-ratajumlahpengunjungsetiaphari.............................................................................61
Tabel11.Rata-ratajumlahpengunjungharian,mingguan,bulanan,tahunan....................................61
Tabel12.Rata-ratajumlahpengunjungtiapbulan..............................................................................61
Tabel13.Standartukurankolamrenang............................................................................................65
Tabel14.Standartukurankolamrenang............................................................................................67
Tabel15.Standartukurankolamrenang............................................................................................67
Tabel16.Standartukurankolamrenang............................................................................................69
Tabel17.Studibesaranruangunitkegiatanutama.............................................................................71
Tabel18.Studibesaranruangunitkegiatanpelayananpublik............................................................72
Tabel19.Studibesaranruangunitkegiatanpelayananpengelolaan..................................................73
Tabel20.Studibesaranruangunitkegiatanpenunjang......................................................................74
Tabel21.PresentasepengunjungMountainLeafSportClubtahun2016.........................................116
Tabel22.Matriksscoringpemilihanlokasi.......................................................................................119
Tabel23.Matriksscoringpemilihantapak........................................................................................122
Tabel24.KelompokKegiatanUtama.................................................................................................129
Tabel25.KelompokKegiatanPelayananPublik.................................................................................130
Tabel26.KelompokKegiatanPengelolaan........................................................................................130
Tabel27.KelompokKegiatanPenunjang...........................................................................................132
Tabel28.ProgramBesaranRuang.....................................................................................................132
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DAFTAR SKEMA Skema1.Polaaktivitasdatang.............................................................................................................45
Skema2.Polaaktivitaspulang/pergi...................................................................................................45
Skema3.Polaaktivitaspengunjung.....................................................................................................47
Skema4.Polaaktivitaspengelola........................................................................................................47
Skema5.Polasirkulasikegiatanutama...............................................................................................55
Skema6.Polasirkulasikegiatanpublik................................................................................................56
Skema7.Polasirkulasikegiatanpengelolaan......................................................................................57
Skema8.Polasirkulasikegiatanpenunjang.........................................................................................58