lap trinh web php

7/31/2019 Lap Trinh Web PHP

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TRUNG TM O TO CNG NGH THNG TIN

HC LM

----------***----------

L THUYT C BN KHA HC

LP TRNH WEB

H V TN: HONG MINH TUN

A CH: HI PHNG

a ch: 6/152 Lam Sn

L Chn

Hi Phng

Website: http://hocdelam.com

Hotline: 0982 113 274
http://hocdelam.com/http://hocdelam.com/


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LP TRNH WEBSITE: HTML CSS PHP MYSQL JAVASCRIPT AJAX GV: Trn nh Vng

TRUNG TM O TO CNG NGH THNG TIN HC LM Trang 2a ch: 6/152 Lam Sn L Chn Hi Phng Hotline: 0982.113.274Email: [email protected] Website: http ://hocdelam.com

MC LC

PH N I: THIT KGIA O DIN WEBSITE VI HTML-CSS

Bi 1: Ci t v cu hnh Appache.......................................................................................... 3

Bi 2: Cu hnh Adobe Dreamweaver CS5 ................................................................................ 6

Bi 3: Chng trnh PHP u tin ............................................................................................ 9

Bi 4: Sdng thDIV + CSS to mt box trong giao din ................................................ 13

Bi 5: Sdng thDIV + CSS to mt box trong giao din (tip) .................................... 17

Bi 6: Margin ca mt box .................................................................................................... 23

Bi 7: Padding ca mt box................................................................................................... 26

PH N II: PHP V MYSQL

Bi 1: C php c bn ca PHP ............................................................................................. 28

Bi 2: Bin trong PHP ........................................................................................................... 29

Bi 3: Bin kiu chui trong PHP ........................................................................................... 32

Bi 4: Cu lnh IF..ELSE trong PHP........................................................................................ 34

Bi 5: Vng lp while trong PHP ............................................................................................ 35

Bi 6: To v sdng hm trong PHP ................................................................................... 36

Bi 7: Sdng thFORM gi dliu ................................................................................ 40Bi 8: Sdng th FORM v cc thnh phn ca th FORM tao cc FORM c bn.............. 45

Bi 9: ng nhp h qun trc s d liu MySQL ................................................................. 47

Bi 10: To CSDL trong MySql ............................................................................................... 50

Bi 11: To bng trong CSDL ................................................................................................ 53

Bi 12: To lp DB v vit cc phng thc kt ni vi CSDL.................................................. 55

Bi 13: Vit cc hm truy vn CSDL trong lp DB ................................................................... 60


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PHN I: THIT KGIAO DIN WEBSITE VI HTML - CSS

Bi 1: Ci t v cu hnh PHP

c thlp trnh web vi PHP chng ta phi tci t cho my cc b ca mnh thnh my chcung cp dch v web. C rt nhiu phn mm c thlm c iu , v d: WAMP, SAMP, Appserv

Trong ni dung cc v d ti vit y, ti sdng Appserv. Khi ci t Appserv my ca bn sc ci t:

- Apache.- PHP- MySql

c thci t Appserv bn vo a ch sau:www.appservnetwork.com/ti phin bn thch hpv. Trong v d ny ti sdng phin bn:AppServ 2.5.10cho windows.

Sau khi ti phin bn thch hp, ta tin hnh ci t nh sau:

Bc 1: Chy file .exe m bn va ti v (appserv-win32-2.5.10.exe ).

Bc 2: Sau khi chy tp tin .exechng trnh sa ta giao din sau

Nhn Next tip tc

Bc 3: Trong giao din di y ta nhn I Agree ng vi lut bn quyn ca phn mm
http://www.appservnetwork.com/http://www.appservnetwork.com/http://www.appservnetwork.com/http://www.appservnetwork.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=46http://www.appservnetwork.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=46http://www.appservnetwork.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=46http://www.appservnetwork.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=46http://www.appservnetwork.com/


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Bc 4: Trong giao din di y chn a ci t. V nhn nt Next

Trong v d ny ti chn ci t D (Trch trng hp b mt d liu khi windows hng)

Bc 5:Trong hnh di y


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Bn tch chn tt c tin hnh ci t.

Bc 6:Trong hnh di y

in localhost vo Server Name

in a chemail vo Administrators Email Address . V d: [email protected]

Chn cng mc nh cung cp dch v l 8080. Bn c th chn cng khc bt k.

Nhn nt Next tip tc

Bc 7:Trong hnh di y

Nhp mt khu. Mt khu ny dng truy cp vo c s dliu Mysql, bn phi nh nh.

Nhn nt Installtip tc ci t.


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Bc 8Trong hnh di y

Nhn nt Finishhon thnh qu trnh ci t.

Bc 9: M mt trnh duyt bt k(Chrome, Firefox). Ti a ch URL nhp nh sau:htttp://localhost:8080.

Nu nh ra c giao din nh sau th qu trnh ci t trnh cung cp dch v web trn my cc b cabn thnh cng.


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Bi 2: Cu hnh Adobe Dreamweaver CS5

c thtin hnh lp trnh vi PHP, ti sdng cng c Adobe Dreamweaver CS5. Bn cng cthsdng cc cng ckhc: Eclips, Macro Dreamweaver

Sau khi ci t Appserv (Ti ci D). Trong D xut hin mt th mc Appserv. Bn vo trong

th mc Appserv v vo trong th mc www theo ng dn sau: D:\Appserv\wwwTrong th mc www bn to mt th mc hocdelam(th mc ny cha ton b m ngun website

ca bn)

Chy ng dng Adobe Dreamwaver CS5 ln s c giao din nh sau:

giao din thn thin v d lm vic bn chuyn giao din nh sau: Trn thnh menu click chn CoderPlus nh hnh di y


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Bc 1: To v qun l site

Trn thanh menu. Click chn Site\New Site

Bc 2: Trong hp thoi di y:


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Ti Site Name, bn nhp tn site

Ti Local Site Foldder, bn chn ng dn ti th mc hocdelam trongD:\appserv\www\hocdelam.

Nhn Save hon thnh qu trnh cu hnh.


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Bi 3: Chng trnh PHP u tin

Bc 1: Chy chng trnh Adobe Dreamwaver CS5 vo chn site hocdelam.comnh hnh di y.

Bc 2: Chut phi vo tn site vo chn New File


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Bc 3: i tn ca tp tin mi to thnh index.php

Bc 4: Click p v index.php, bn phi s c giao din nh sau:


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Bc 5: Chnh sa li ni dung ca tp tin index.php nh sau:

Nhn Ctrl + S lu li

Bc 6: M trnh duyt bt k. Nhp vo a ch URL: localhost:8080/hocdelam. Ta c kt qu sau:


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Bi 4: Sdng thDIV + CSS to mt box trong giao din.

Trong giao din ca tt c c website, vic a thng tin ln cho ngi c thng c nh vomt khung nht nh. bi ny ti tm gi l box.

Trong mt giao din c nhiu loi thng tin c hin th, sp xp nhiu vtr khc nhau. Do

nh v tr hin thcho cc thng tin ny ngii ta a vo mt khung, hay box nht nh.Trong bi ny ti gii thiu thDIV + CSS to mt box n gin.

Bc 1: Chy Adobe Dreamwaver CS5 v chn site hocdelam.comnh bi 3

Bc 2: To th mc csstrong site hocdelam.com nh hnh di y.

Chut phi vo site hocdelam.com v chn New Folder

Bc 3: i tn th mc thnh css kt quc nh hnh di y:


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Bc 4: Trong th mc css to mt tp tin: style.css (C phn m rng l .css). Click p vo tp tinstyle.css. Mn hnh bn phi (vng son tho code) s hin thnh hnh di y.

Bc 5: Trong vng son tho ca tp tin style.css ta son tho ni dung sau:


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i vi mt box th ta quan tm ti mt sthng ssau:

- rng- Chiu cao- Kiu ng vin- Mu ng vin- rng ng vin- Mu nn ca box

Bc 6: Nhp p chn tp tin index.php chuyn sang vng son tho ca tp tin index.php

sdng box c nh ngha bn tp tin style.css trong index.php. Ta phi to lin kt ti tptin ny. Ngay di cp th ta thm dng lnh sau:


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Tip trong phn cp th body ca html ta thm phn m lnh sau:

Nhn Ctrl + S lu li tt ccc thay i.

Bc 7: M trnh duyt, ti a ch URL ta nhp nh sau:http://localhost:8080/hocdelam

Kt qunh sau:

www.hocdelam.com Chc bn hc tt
http://localhost:8080/hocdelamhttp://localhost:8080/hocdelamhttp://localhost:8080/hocdelamhttp://www.hocdelam.com/http://www.hocdelam.com/http://www.hocdelam.com/http://localhost:8080/hocdelam


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Bi 5: Sdng thDIV + CSS to mt box trong giao din(Tip).

Trong bi ny chng ta s to mt giao din nh hnh di y. Trong giao din ny c 2 box cxp ngang hng nhau.

c thlm c giao din nh trn. Bn m m ngun trc ra, v m tp tin style.css to 2box: box_left v box_right c thng snh hnh di y.


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Bc tip theo bn m tp tin index.php v ch nh sa li m lnh nh hnh di y.


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Trong tp tin index.php ta sdng 2 box: box_left v box_right c nh ngha trongtp tin s tyle.css

M mt trnh duyt bt k, chy website v cho ta kt qu sau:


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Vi kt qu trn c nhn xt sau: Khung no c t ln trc th s hin thtrc l theo tht

sp xp ln lt ttrn xung di. Tuy nhin mong mun ca ta l 2 box ny phi xp cnh nhau(Ngang hng nhau nh bi)

lm c iu ny chng ta m li style.css v thm vo box_left v box_right thuc tnh:float:leftnh hnh di y


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Refresh li website s c kt qunh sau:


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Bi 6: Margin ca mt khung

Trong khi thit kgiao din website, vic chia v qun l giao din thnh cc khung nh rt tin li.Mi mt khung sc t cnh cc khung khc ty theo v tr ca n.

cn chnh khong cch ca khung ny ti khung khc ta sdng thuc tnh margin.

- Margin-left:20px; //Khong cch tng vin ti khung bn tri gn nht l 20px;- Margin-right:40px; //Khong cch tng vin ti khung bn phi gn nht l 40px;- Margin-top:10px; //Khong cch tng vin ti khung bn trn gn nht l 10px- Margin-bottom:50px; //Khong cch tng vin ti khung bn di gn nht l 50px;

(Cch kch thc trn ch l v d, bn c ththay i ty theo yu cu)

Trong bi ny, chng ta thit lp cho box bn phi cch box bn tri mt khong l 50px v cch bntrn l 100px;

M tp tin style.css, chn ti div.box_right v chnh sa nh hnh di y:


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Tng kt: Vic iu chnh khong cch margin ty theo yu cu c th. Tuy nhin, thng thng th cckhung trong giao din website thng cch nhau: 2-5px.


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Bi 7: Padding ca mt box

Padding l khong cch tng vin ti ni dung bn trong ca mt box.

Vi mt box th c cc loi padding sau:

- Padding-top: 10px; //Khong cch tng vin bn trn ti ni dung bn trong box- Padding-left: 10px; //Khong cch tng vin bn tri ti ni dung bn trong box- Padding-right:10px; //Khong cch tng vin bn ph i ti ni dung bn trong box- Padding-bottom:10px; //Khong cch tng vin bn di ti ni dung bn trong

box

thc hnh padding. Cc bn m tp tin style.css v chnh sa ni dung ca hai box box_left vbox_rightnh hnh di y.


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Refresh li website, cho ta kt qua sau:

Cc bn hy so snh vi giao din khi cha c padding nh:

Lu :i vi padding-right v padding-bottom th lm tng t


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PHN II: PHP V MYSQL

Bi 1. C php c bn ca PHP

PHP Syntax

M lnh PHP c thc thi trn my ch, sau khi thc thi xong kt qu tr dng ti liu HTML vc gi ti trnh duyt

C php c bn ca PHP

Mt khi m lnh PHP lun lun bt u vi th: . Mt khi kch bnPHP c thc t bt cni no trong ti liu. Trong nhiu trng hp th ta cng c thdng dngngn gn nh sau:

Mt ti liu PHP thng cha cc cp thHTML, cng tng tnh tp tin HTML v mt sm lnhPHP

Di y l v dn gin in ra mn hnh dng chwww.hocdelam.com Hc lm cvic

Trung tm o to Cng ngh Thng tin - www.hocdelam.com - Hc lm c vic

Mi mt dng trong kch bn PHP kt thc bng du ;

Trong PHP c 2 lnh c bn in ra mn hnh: echo v print. Trong v d trn ta sdng lnhecho in mt chui ra mn hnh. (Cc bn tthdng lnh print nh.)


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Ch : Tp tin phi c phn m rng l .php. Nu tp tin c phn m rng l .html th khi m lnhPHP skhng c thc thi.

Ghi ch trong PHP

ghi ch trong PHP th chng ta c 2 phng php ghi ch: Ghi ch tng dng v ghi ch khilnh (nhiu dng).

i vi ghi ch tng dng ta sdng c php: //Thng tin ghi ch

i vi ghi ch khi lnh (nhiu dng) ta sdng c php /* Khi lnh cn ghi ch*/

V d:



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Bi 2. Bin trong PHP

Khai bo bin

i vi tt c cc ngn nglp trnh th bin c sdng lu trthng tin tm thi, phc vcho vic tnh ton lu trtrong khong thi gian nht nh.

Trong PHP th bin cng c sdng lu trthng tin. Gi trc lu trc th l chui, s,mng

Khi mt bin c nh ngha n c thc dng i dng li nhiu ln trong kch bn m bn nhngha.

Trong PHP khi bn nh ngha mt bin, bn ch vic thm k t$ ng trc tn bin.

V d:

Trong v ddi y, m t vic dng bin lu mt chui v in chui ra mn hnh.



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Khai bo hng s

Vc bn th hng sn cng chnh l bin tuy nhin gi tr ca hng sth chc cp mt lnduy nht v khng ththay i.

nh ngha mt hng sta sdng hm define() ca php.

V d:

In gi tr ca hng s khai bo

in ra mn hnh gi tr ca hng s khai bo ta sdng c php sau:


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Bi 3. Bin kiu chui trong PHP

Trong lp trnh web vi php chng ta s thao tc rt nhiu vi dliu kiu chui. Trong PHP mtbin kiu chui c sdng cha cc k t.

V d: Khai bo mt bin c tn l $chuoi cha chui sau: www.hocdelam.com - Hc lm c

vic v sau in chui ra mn hnh.

Kt qu in ra mn hnh l:

www.hocdelam.com Hc lm c vic

Ghp chui

Mun ghp 2 chui vi nhau ta sdng ton t.

V d:

Hm strlen()

Hm strlen() c sdng tnh ton chiu di ca chui. Gi tr tr v l mt snguyn.

V d:

Kt qu: 16
http://www.hocdelam.com/http://www.hocdelam.com/http://www.hocdelam.com/


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Hm strpos()

Hm tm kim v tr ca mt k t, mt chui con trong mt chui. Gi tr tr v l snguyn (V trxut hin chui con trang chui mu).

V d:

Kt qu: 14


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Bi 4: Cu lnh IFELSE trong PHP

Loi cu lnh ny c sdng thc hin cc hnh ng khc nhau da vo cc iu kin khcnhau.

Cu lnh if

C php:

Cu lnh ifelse

C php:

Cu lnh ife lseifelse

C php:


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Bi 5: Vng lp while trong php

Vng lp c sdng thc thi mt khi lnh lp li mt s ln nht nh hoc lp li cho ti khiiu kin t ra vn cn ng.

Vng lp while c sdng thc thi mt khi lnh trong khi iu kin c kim tra l ng

C php:

V d: Hy in ra cc stnhin t1 n 20.

Trong bi ny, ta sdng code ca cc bi vit trc. Nu nh bn no cha c th c thxem l i 7 biging c bn v HTML v CSS nh.

Bn chy trnh son tho Adobe Dreamwaver CS5 v m tp tin index.php v son tho nh ni dunghnh di y.

Trong v d ny ti mun in ra cc strong khung box do ti phi t m lnh trong box ny


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Ti dng 11 ti khai bo bt u ca mt kch bn php v ti dng 17 ti khai bo kt thc kch bnphp.

Cc cu lnh xl c t vo gia ca 2 cp th

Ti dng 12 ti khai bo 1 bin m $i v gn gi tr khi to l 1.

Ti dng 13 ti khai bo thc hin mt vng lp while v trong ti kim tra xem bin m $i10

M mt trnh duyt bt k v chy website ca bn ln cho ta kt qunh sau:


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Bi 6: To v sdng hm trong PHP

Trong bi ny ti gii thiu vi cc bn cch to mt hm c bn trong PHP.

to mt hm trong php cc bn khai bo nh sau:

Ti dng 10 ti khai bo nh ngha mt hm c tn l ten_ham v khng c tham bin truyn vo tronghm.

Lu : Vic khai nh ngha mt hm nht thit phi c t trong khi kch bn ca php (c ngha lphi c t gia 2 th )

Nu bn mun truyn tham scho hm sdng trong vic tnh ton, thc thi ca hm th c thkhaibo nh sau:


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Ti dng 10 khai bo mt hm c tn l ten_ham v truyn vo hm 2 tham bin l: $tenbien1 v$tenbien2.

sdng hm va nh ngha ta ch cn gi tn hm cng vi tham struyn vo (nu c).

V d 1: Vit mt hm cho php in ra tng ca cc snguyn t1 n 100


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Trong v d trn tdng 10 n 19 ta nh ngha mt hm c tn l tong100. Dng 21 ta gi hm vanh ngha bng cch sdng tn hm.

V d 2: Tnh tng cc snguyn lin tip t1 n. Kt quc tr v thng qua tn hm (n c sdng l tham scho hm)


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Ti dng 10 ti nh ngha mt hm tnh tng c tn l tongN v tham struyn vo cho ham l $n

Ti dng 18 sau khi tnh ton xong, ta sdng hm return $tong tr v kt qu cho hm thng quatn hm.

Ti dng 21, gi thc thi hm v in ra mn hnh kt qu.

Cc bn tkim tra kt qu nh.


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Bi 7: Sdng thFORM gi dliu

Trong nhiu trng hp, chng ta phi to ra nhng form giao din cho ngi dng nhp dliu,thng tin nh mt shnh di y:

Hoc l form chnh sa thng tin ngi dng


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Sau khi ngi dng nhp y cc thng tin vo cc nhp xong v nhn nt xc nhnTh cc thngtin ny phi c gi ti mt trang c chc nng xl tng ng.

Vic gi cc thng tin ny i c thc hin thng qua thform. Tt c cc thng tin trn cc nhp sc ng gi li v c gi ti a chch m thform chnh.

Trong bi hc ny, thc hnh vi th form ta to ra mt form n gin nh sau:

Form trn c 2 nhp: H v tn v Tui. Sau khi nhp xong v nhn nt gi thng tin th dliu sc gi ti trang index.php v hin thnh sau:

Thng tin ca bn:

H v tn:

Tui:


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Bc 1: Ta to mt th mc c tn l modules. Trong th mc ny ta to thm mt tp tin c tn lform.phpnhu hnh di y:

Bc 2: M tp tin form.php trong th mc modules ra v son tho on code nh hnh di y:

(Bn c ththay i code ty theo mc ch ca mnh)

Gii thch:

Ti dng 5 ti khai bo mt hp nhp dng text c di l 40 v c tn l hotencho php ngi

dng nhp h tn

Ti dng 9 ti khai bo mt hp nhp dng text c di l 10 v c tn l tuoicho php ngidng nhp tui

Ti dng 12 ti khai bo mt nt dng trnh (submit) c tn l send. Khi ngi dng nhn ntny th dliu sc gi ti a chindex.php theo method l post c nh ngha trong formti dng 1


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Lu : Cc thnh phn nhp dliu ca form phi c t gia cp th thdliu mi c gi i.

Ti trang index.php l trang ch m dliu c gi ti ta chnh sa li nh sau:

Gii thch:

Ti dng 12 ti sdng cu trc r nhnh IFELSEKim tra xem nt sendform.phpc cthit lp hay khng? (C c nhn hay khng).

Nu nh c thit lp th ti thc hin in ra mn hnh cc thng tin ly c.

Cn ngc li ti dng 19 ti sdng hm include ca php gi form.php trong moduleshin th ln giao din ca trang index.php

Lu : Do trong th form chng ta la chn phng thc gi dliu l method=postdo tich chng ta sdng hm ly dl iu ca cc thnh phn c gi n l $_POST[tn].


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Chng ta cng c thsdng phng thc GET gi dliu qua th form. Nu chng ta dngphng thc ny th ti ch chng ta phi sdng hm ly dliu ca cc thnh phn l $_GET[tn]

Kt qu chy chng trnh s nh sau:

Sau khi nhp thng tin, nhn nt gi thng tin ta c kt qunh sau:

Tng kt:

Trong bi ny chng ta hc cc sdng thform gi dliu ti mt a chch x l.

Dliu cn c gi i phi c t vo cc thnh phn ca th form v cc thnh phn nyphi c t vo gia cp th

Dliu c gi i theo phng thc no (POST hoc GET) th ti a chch phi sdnghm ly theo phng thc ($_POST[tn] hoc $_GET[tn])


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Bi 8: Sdng th FORM v cc thnh phn ca thFORM to cc muFORM c bn

Bi 1: Trong th mc modules cc bn to mt form nhp liu c tn dangtin.php

- Dliu c gi ti tp tin xuly.php trong th mc modules ()

- C giao din nh sau

- Khi nhn nt ng tin th tt c dliu trong nhp c gi ti tp tinxuly.php trongth mc modules

Bi 2: Trong th mc modules cc bn to tp tin xuly.php thc hin cc cng vic sau:


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- Ly dliu tform dangtin.php gi sang.- In dliu va ly c ra mn hnh

Lu : Trong form nhp dliu cc bn gi theo phng thc no (POST hoc GET) th trongxuly.php ly d liu theo phng php ($_POST[tn nhp liu] hoc $_GET[tn nhpliu])


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Bi 9: ng nhp h qun trc s d liu MySQL PHPMyAdmin

lm vic vi CSDL, bn ph i c mt h qun trCSDL tng tnh l Microsoft SQL Server,Access..i vi lp trnh web, trong bi ny ti cp ti 1 h qun trCSDL c cung cp min ph vc ci t ngay khi chng ta ci t Appserv (Apache, php, mysql).

ng nhp vo h qun trc s dliu mysql bn m mt trnh duyt web bt k: Chrome,

Firefox, IE

Ti thanh a ch URL, bn nhp a ch sau:

http://localhost:8080/phpmyadmin

Trong v dny do ti ci t server localhost ca ti cung cp dch v web cng 8080 do vya ch trn thanh URL phi ghi r c scng ra.

Cn nu nh cc bn cng mc nh l 80 th ch cn nhp nh sau:

http://localhost/phpmyadmin

Mn hnh s xut hin hp thoi ng nhp xc thc ngi dng. Bn nhp user nam v passsword.

User Name mc ch ca mysql l root v password chnh l mt khu bn thit lp trong qu trnh ci

t. (Trong v d ny ti thit lp username l root v password l root)

Trong trng hp bn khng nh mt khu ng nhp vo qun tr CSDL th bn c thlm nh

sau:

Chn: Start/Program Files/AppServ/Reset Mysql Root Password
http://localhost:8080/phpmyadminhttp://localhost/phpmyadminhttp://localhost/phpmyadminhttp://localhost:8080/phpmyadmin


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Hp thoi command hin ra:


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Bn nhp mt khu mi ri nhn Enter v i mt vi giy cho Appserv thit lp li l OK.

Sau khi ng nhp thnh cng, giao din qun tr ca phpMyAdmin snh sau:


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Bi 10: To CSDL trong Mysql

Sau khi ng nhp thnh cng vo h qun tr CSDL MySQL ta c giao din sau:

Ti Create new database bn nhp tn CSDL ri nhn nt Create. (Trong v d ny ti to CSDL ctn l hocdelam)


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Sau khi nhn nt Create, nu tn ca CSDL hp l th vic to CSDL thnh cng v s cho ta mn hnhgiao din ca CSDL hocdelamnh sau:

Hin ti ta thy trong CSDL hocdelam cha c bng no.


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Bi 11: To bng trong CSDL

ng nhp vo h qun tr CSDL MySQL (Xem li bi 10)

Trong khung bn tri click chn CSDL hocdelam

Tip theo cc bn nhp tn bng v sct c trong bng. Trong v d ny ti to bng loaitin c 2trng (ct)


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Sau khi nhp tn bng v sct bn nhn nt go

Tip tc cc bn to tn cc trng trong bng

Id_loaitin

Tenloaitin

Nh hnh di y:

Sau khi in y cc thng tin (Lu l vi trng id_loaitin bn nn thit lp type l kiu int,extra:auto_increment v thit lp primary key) nhn nt savehon thnh qu trnh to bng.

Kt qu to bng thnh cng s cho ta giao din sau ca bng loaitin


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Lm tng ti vi bt k bng no bn mun to.


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Bi 12: To lp DB v vit cc phng thc kt ni vi CSDL

Sau bi 11 chng ta to c CSDL c tn l hocdelam v 1 bng c tn l loaitin trong CSDLhocdelam.

Trong bi hc hm nay chng ta hc cc to ra mt lp v vit phng thc kt ni ti CSDL hocdelam.

Gi sta c cu trc khung mt website nh hnh di y:

Trong th mc admincp ta to th mc c tn l class. Trong th mc class ta to tip mt tp tin ctn l db.phpnh hnh di y:


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Click p v tp tin db.phptrong th mc class v son tho ni dung sau:


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Trong class db, y ti to 2 hm ketnoi() v dongketnoi()

- Hm ketnoi() c nhim v kt ni ti my ch cha CSDL. C 4 tham bin c truyn

o Bin $host ch tn hoc a ch IP ca my ch

o Bin $user: tn ng nhp vo CSDL

o Bin $pass: mt khu ng nhp vo CSDL.

o Bin $database: tn CSDL

- Hm dongketnoi() c nhim v ngt kt ni khi truy vn hon thnh.

Trong hm ketnoi() c sdng hm mysql_connect() ti dng 6kt ni ti my ch cha CSDL. V

sdng hm mysql_select_db() ti dng 15chn CSDL cn thao tc. Hm mysql_close() tidng 21c sdng ngt kt ni.

(Lu quan trng: Cc bn phi t tn ca class trng vi tn tp tin cha n. Trong v d ny tn lpl db.php do vy ti phi t tn ca lp trong tp tin db.php l db bng khai bo sau:

Class db{

//.


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}

)

Sau khi to xong lp db trong tp tin db.php. Cc bn m tp tin index.php v vit cc lnh sdng lpdb va to nh sau:

Ti dng s2 ti c sdng lnh include()triu gi ni dung mt tp tin, c thy l db.phpvo trong tp tin index.php sdng.

Ti dng s 4 ti c khai bo mt i tng c tn l $ob thuc vo lp db.

Ti dng s6 ti sdng hm ketnoi() c vit trong lp db kt ni ti my ch: localhost,vi user l root, pass l root v database l hocdelam.

Tng kt: Trong bi ny chng ta hc cch to mt lp n gin v kt cc hm trong . Ngoi rachng ta cng hc cch khai bo mt i tng thuc mt lp thng qua cu lnh new ($ob = newdb()).


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Bi 13: Vit cc hm truy vn CSDL trong lp db

Trong bi ny ti hng dn cc bn vit hm thm, sa, xa v truy vn CSDL i vi bng loaitinm ta to ra trc .

Trong cc bi 11 (To bng trong CSDL) ta bit cch to mt bng. C thtrong cc v dtrcti to mt CSDL c tn l hocdelam v trong CSDL ny ti cng to mt bng c tn l loaitinc cu trc nh hnh di y:

Gi ta vit mt hm trong lp db thc hin truy vn cc bn ghi trong bng loi tin v c thp

dng cho tt c cc bng.

i vi vic truy vn cc bn ghi trong mt bng th chng ta c cu lnh tng qut nh sau;

SELECT ct 1, ct 2, ct3 FROM tn bng WHEREiu kin.

Nu nh ta mun truy vn tt c cc bn ghi trong bng loaitin th ta c cu lnh sau:

SELECT id_loaitin, tenloaitin FROM loaitin WHERE 1

Trong cu lnh trn ta c ththy khi p dng cu lnh ny vi cc bng khc nhau th ch c danhsch ct (ct 1, ct 2, ct 3), tn bng v iu kin l thay i. Cn cc tkha SELECT, FROM,WHERE l khng i.

Do vy ta c thxy dng mt hm thc hin truy vn p dng cho cc bng khc nhau.


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Sdng kt qu ca bi 12 cc bn m tp tin db.php cha trong th mc admincp/class.

Trong lp db ta xy dng mt hm c tn l select_table() vi cc tham struyn vo l $dsbang,$dscot, $dieukien nh hnh di y.

//Hm truy vn CSDL

function select_table($dsbang, $dscot, $dieukien){

/*

Trong :

- $dsbang: danh sch tn cc bng cn truy vn.

- $dscot: danhh sch ct cn ly dliu.

- $dieukien: iu kin ly dliu.

*/

$sql = "SELECT $dscot FROM $dsbang WHERE $dieukien"; //nh ngha chu i truy vn.

$ketqua = mysql_query($sql); //Thc thi cu lnh truy vn c nh ngha trong bin$sql v lu kt qu vo bin $ketqua.


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return $ketqua; //Tr kt qu lu trong bin $ketqua v thng qua tn hm.

}

//Hm xa mt bn ghi tha mn iu kin a ra

function delete_table($tenbang, $dieukien){

/*

Trong :

- $tenbang: Bng cn xa d liu.

- $dieukien: iu kin xa mt bn ghi.

*/

$sql = "DELETE FROM $tenbang WHERE $dieukien";

mysql_query($sql);

}

//Hm cp nht li dliu mt bn ghi tn ti trong bng

function update_table($tenbang, $chuoicapnhat, $dieukien){

$sql = "UPDATE $tenbang SET $chuoicapnhat WHERE $dieukien";

mysql_query($sql);

}

//Hm chn mt bn ghi mi vo bng

function insert_table($tenbang, $danhsachcot,$danhsachgiatri){

$sql = "INSERT INTO $tenbang($danhsachcot) VALUES($danhsachgiatri)";

mysql_query($sql);

}


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