Le fasi dell’apprendimento nella lingua stranieraby: Pellini Lidia

Direzione didattica di Montichiari

Secondo le esperienze d’insegnamento più diffuse, l’approccio alla lingua straniera rispetta sostanzialmente la sequenza

comprensione- assimilazione-produzione.Oggi qualsiasi metodologia d’ insegnamento di una L2 rispetta

le sequenze delle quattro abilità:

“saper – capire, saper – parlare, saper – leggere, saper - scrivere”.

È necessario che inizialmente l’attività didattica si svolga in forma orale, sviluppando nell’alunno la capacità di comprendere parole e semplici messaggi e di rispondere adeguatamente ad essi. S’impara a parlare prima d’imparare a leggere: è la lettura che si aggiunge alla parola e non il contrario.L’approccio orale offre la possibilità immediata di comunicare nella lingua, anche se in modo semplice.Infatti fin dalle prime fasi di un’ Unità Didattica i bambini, guidati dall’insegnante, ripetono in coro, a gruppi e singolarmente, nell’eseguire un gioco o un’altra attività, quanto viene loro proposto. Importanti le flascards in questa fase.

I bambini dovrebbero affrontare la forma scritta soltanto dopo aver conosciuto un determinato ambito lessicale, con sufficiente scorrevolezza in forma orale.

Esempi di speaking cards NAME: TOM SURNAME: BARRY AGE:8 COLOR: RED

NAME: JOHN SURNAME: BROWN AGE: 6 COLOR: GREEN

NAME: SUSAN SURNAME: PEGGY AGE: 9 COLOR: PINK

NAME: SARAH SURNAME:FILL AGE: 8 COLOR: YELLOW

NAME: SOFI A SURNAME:CAR AGE: 8 COLOR: BLUE

NAME: PETER SURNAME: SON AGE: 9 COLOR: PURPLE

NAME: JACK SURNAME: CORNER AGE: 10 COLOR: GRENN

NAME: KATE SURNAME: HALL AGE: 10 COLOR: PINK

NAME: JILL SURNAME: ALL AGE: 6 COLOR: YELLOW

NAME:JANE SURNAME:FRANCY AGE:10 COLOR: YELLOW

NAME:FRANK SURNAME: PERFECT AGE: 7 COLOR: GREEN

NAME: TOM SURNAME: TURNER AGE:8 COLOR: ORANGE

NAME: SERENITY SURNAME: BELL AGE: 9 COLOR: BLUE

NAME:PAM SURNAME: COLONEL AGE:9 COLOR: PURPLE

NAME:MARY SURNAME: FANTASY AGE:9 COLOR:PINK

NAME:LIZ SURNAME: FORST AGE: 5 COLOR: RED

NAME:THOMAS SURNAME: FREDY AGE: 8 COLOR: BROWN

NAME: CHARLIE SURNAME: ANGEL AGE:8 COLOR: BLUE

NAME: LUCY SURNAME: BLESS AGE: 5 COLOR: WHITE

NAME: LIZZIE SURNAME: TEDDY AGE: 7 COLOR: PINK

NAME: HENRY SURNAME:GLASS AGE:7 COLOR: ORANGE

Cut the cards and give one to each student Pupils must form sentences as :

“ I like… , but I don’t like… ”

SPEAKING CARDS: LAMINATE, CUT THE CARDS AND GIVE 1 CARD TO EACH STUDENT WHO

MUST INTRODUCE HIM/HERSELF FOLLOWING THE INFORMATIONS IN THE CARD

NAME: Hans SURNAME: Doggy AGE: 9 FROM: Germany NATIONALITY: German ADDRESS: 7 Lincoln Street TELEPHONE NUMBER: 008562

NAME: Zen SURNAME: Omai AGE: 10 FROM: China NATIONALITY: Chinese ADDRESS: 6 Sietnamen Square TELEPHONE NUMBER: 988325

NAME: Tom SURNAME: Smith AGE: 8 FROM: Scotland NATIONALITY: Scottish ADDRESS: 10 Edinburgh Avenue TELEPHONE NUMBER: 489932

NAME: Lisa SURNAME: Turner AGE: 11 FROM: Greece NATIONALITY: Greek ADDRESS: 12 Athens Street TELEPHONE NUMBER: 465771 NAME: Anne

SURNAME: Spik AGE: 11 FROM: Bolivia NATIONALITY: Bolivian ADDRESS: 15 Madison Street TELEPHONE NUMBER: 769552

NAME: Sulima SURNAME: Manprit AGE: 7 FROM: India NATIONALITY: Indian ADDRESS: 16 New Delhi Square TELEPHONE NUMBER: 034551

NAME: Maki SURNAME: King AGE: 17 FROM: Japan NATIONALITY: Japanese ADDRESS: 23 Tokyo Street TELEPHONE NUMBER: 227861

NAME: Dimitri SURNAME:Karamazov AGE: 13 FROM: Russia NATIONALITY: Russian ADDRESS: 24 Moscow Street TELEPHONE NUMBER: 226571

SPEAKING CARDS: LAMINATE, CUT AND GIVE A CARD TO EACH PUPIL. students speak in 1st or 3rd singular person, following the informations in the cards.

HAIR: BROWN EYES: BROWN NOSE: SMALL MOUTH: BIG HEIGHT: TALL BUILD: THIN PERSONALITY: HAPPY AND SHY CLOTHES: A BLACK T-SHIRT, AN ORANGE JACKET BLUE JEANS, BLACK SOCKS, ORANGE TRAINERS JOB: STUDENT FAVORITE COLOR: BLUE FAVORITE ANIMAL: HORSE LIKE: HAMBURGER DON’T LIKE: FISH CAN: PLAY FOOTBALL CAN’T: PLAY RUGBY

HAIR: BROWN, 2 PIGTAILS EYES: BLUE NOSE: SMALL MOUTH: SMALL HEIGHT: MEDIUM HEIGHT BUILD: THIN PERSONALITY: PRETTY AND KIND CLOTHES: A LIGHT BLUE DRESS, LIGHT BLUE SOCKS, BLACK SHOES JOB: STUDENT FAVORITE COLOR: BLUE FAVORITE ANIMAL: GOLDFISH LIKE: PIZZA DON’T LIKE: HAMBURGER CAN: SING CAN’T: SWIM

HAIR: BLACK , 2 PLAITS EYES: BROWN NOSE: SMALL MOUTH: BIG HEIGHT: TALL BUILD: SLIM PERSONALITY: KIND AND POLITE CLOTHES: A PINK DRESS, PINK SOCKS, BLACK SHOES JOB: STUDENT FAVORITE COLOR: PINK FAVORITE ANIMAL: DOG LIKE: APPLES DON’T LIKE: PEARS CAN: DANCE CAN’T: PLAY TENNIS

HAIR: BLACK, 4 PLAITS EYES : BROWN NOSE: SMALL MOUTH: SMALL HEIGHT: SHORT BUILD: THIN PERSONALITY: KIND AND FRIENDLY CLOTHES: A YELLOW DRESS, YELLOW SOCKS, BLACK SHOES JOB: STUDENT FAVORITE COLOR: YELLOW FAVORITE ANIMAL: CAT LIKE: ORANGE DON’T LIKE: CHEESE CAN : PLAY TENNIS CAN’T: SWIM

NAME: SARAH SURNAME: SING AGE: 10 COUNTRY: INDIA NATIONALITY: INDIAN ADDRESS: 27 ALBION STREET CITY: PARIS TELEPHONE: 357709

NAME: LUCY SURNAME: SAMSUNG AGE: 9 COUNTRY: AFRICA NATIONALITY: AFRICAN ADDRESS: 12 DAISY AVENUE CITY: LONDON TELEPHONE: 153387

NAME: GEORGE SURNAME: HAMILTON AGE: 11 COUNTRY:ENGLAND NATIONLITY: ENGLISH ADDRESS:35 GORDON STREET CITY: LONDON TELEPHONE: 244825

NAME: ANNA SURNAME: ROSSI AGE: 9 COUNTRY: ITALY NATIONALITY: ITALIAN ADDRESS: 23 CARDUCCI SQUARE CITY: MILAN TELEPHONE: 465723

Successivamente con opportuna gradualità,ci si potrà avvalere anche di materiali che propongano all’alunno esempi molto semplici di lingua scritta ( ad.es. schede di abbinamento parola scritta/immagine) attivando in loro l’avvio alla lettura del codice scritto (saper-leggere). Attraverso tale fase, che include anche la lettura vera e propria di facili testi sui quali sarà bene soffermarsi e ritornare frequentemente, l’alunno diverrà capace, senza indebite forzature, anche di un’ elementare produzione scritta ( saper - scrivere).

Alcuni esempi di schede di lettura

1 WRITE 2 CUT

3 COLOR 4 LINE UP 5 LISTEN 6 LOOK

7 HAND UP 8 GLUE 9 READ

10 STUDY 11 SILENCE

12 SIT DOWN 13 MATCH

14 STAND UP

CLASSROOM LANGUAGE ACTIVITY: NUMBER THE PICTURES

DECORATE THE ROOM FOR CHRISTMAS

1) Between the sofa and the fireplace there is a tall Christmas tree with yellow stars, red ribbons, candy canes, colored baubles and an angel on the top.

2) On the fireplace there is a wreath with a big red ribbon.

3)Over the sofa there is a calendar.

4) On the green sofa there are two cushions: one is red and one is blue.

5) On the table there is a Christmas pudding and three red candles.

6) At the fireplace there are two stockings: one is pink and one is light blue.

7)Under the window there is a vase with a red poinsettia.

8)On the carpet there are four presents.

9) On the curtain there is a garland with yellow stars and red ribbons.

10) Over the calendar there is a photo of Santa Claus.

Family and clothes

1)Read and color:

Hi, I’m Tom and this is my family. My mother is blonde and has got blue eyes. She is wearing yellow trousers, a green shirt and blue shoes. She has got green earrings. She is a teacher and her name is Lisa. My father has got brown hair and brown eyes. He is wearing a light blue shirt, blue trousers and black shoes. He is a doctor and his name is Charles. My grandmother is grey, she has got black eyes and she is wearing a purple suit and black shoes. She has got purple earrings. My granny likes animals very much. She has got a multicolored parrot. Its name is Coco. My sister Anna is blonde, with blue eyes and she is wearing a white T-shirt, a pink jacket, violet trousers, pink socks and blue shoes. She has got pink earrings and a red necklace. She is 10 and she is very funny. I am 11 years old and I have got brown hair and green eyes. I’m wearing an orange shirt, blue jeans and red sneakers. We live in London. It’s a big city.

2) Circle True or False: a) Tom’s mother is blonde T / F b) Her name is Lucy T / F c) She is a teacher T / F d) Tom’s father is a doctor T / F e) He is wearing blue trousers T / F f) Tom’s grandmother likes animals T / F g) She has got a dog T / F h) Tom has got a sister T / F i) Her name is Lorna T / F J) Anna is ten years old T / F k) Tom is nine years old T / F l) They live in London T / F

3)complete the family words and translate: 1) M _ TH _ _ =__________________ 2) B _ O _ _ E _ =__________________ 3) _ I _ T E _ =__________________ 4) F _ _ H E _ =__________________ 5) G _ AN _ M _ _ H _ R=______________

My home Write the names of the rooms, color the furniture as requested and answer true or false:

This is Judith’s home. It is big, it has got four rooms and a big garden, too. Her favorite room is the bedroom. The bed is pink and on the bed there is a brown teddy bear. The lamp is yellow and the bookcase is pink. In the bathroom there are: a yellow bath, a yellow washbasin and a yellow toilet. In the living room there are a blue armchair and a light blue cupboard. The television is on a green table. The TV is grey. In the kitchen there is an orange fridge, a green cooker and a red sink. In the garden there is a big green bush with red flowers. True or false? In this home: True False 1) There are five rooms 2) There are two bedrooms 3) The bed pink 4) The bath is purple 5) In the living room there are two armchairs 6 ) The television is green 7) The fridge is green 8) The garden is big

Esempi di schede di scrittura H

Hi, my name is Lizzie and I’m eight years old. I’m French. I’m tall and thin. In the picture, I am with my two friends: Jill and Jane. Jill is seven years old and she has got plaits. She is English. Jane is German and she is nine. I like animals and I have got a small dog. His name Puppy and he has got long ears. I’m happy. Who am I?

1) Read the text, guess the girls’ name and answer the questions.

1) What are the girls’ names? ________________________________________________________

2) What nationality is Lizzie?_________________________________________________________

3) How old is Lizzie?________________________________________________________________

4) What nationality is Jill?___________________________________________________________

5) What nationality is Jane?__________________________________________________________

6) How old is Jill?___________________________________________________________________

7) How old is Jane?_________________________________________________________________

8) Has Lizzie got an animal?__________________________________________________________

9) What is his name?_______________________________________________________________

10) Is Lizzie happy?_________________________________________________________________

2) MATCH THE QUESTION TO ITS ANSWER:

What’s your name? 1 A) I’m nine years old.

Where are you from? 2 B) My name is Tom

How old are you? 3 C) Yes, I’ ve got a cat.

Have you got a pet? 4 D) I’m from Italy

Are you French? 5 E) She is in the kitchen

Where is mummy? 6 G) It’s a book.

What is it? 7 H) No, I’m English

READING, QUESTIONS AND MATCHING ACTIVITIES

COMPLETE THE NAMES OF THE DAYS and translate

M _ n d_ y= _________________ Su _ _ a _ =_________________ T _ _ s d_ y = ________________ Mo _ _ a _ = ________________ W_ d n _ s d _ y =______________ Sa _ u _ _ a_ = _______________ T h _ r s d _ y =_________________ F _ i _ a _ = __________________ F r _ d _ y =___________________ Tue _ _ a _ _ = _______________ S _ t _ r d _ y= ________________ T _ u _ _ _ a _ = ______________ S _ n d _ y =___________________ We _ _ e _ _ a _ =_____________ COMPLETE THE NAMES OF THE MONTHS Complete the seasons J _ n _ _ ry Ja _ ua _ y F _ br _ _ry Fe _ _ ua _ _ M _ rch Ma _ _ _ _ pr _l A_ _ i _ M _ y Ma _ J _ n_ Ju _ e J _ ly Ju _ _ A _ g _ st Au _ u _ _ S _ pt _ mb_ r Se _ _e _ _ e _

Oct _ b _ r O _ _ o _e _ N _ v _ mb _ r No _ e _ _ e _ D _ c _ mb _ r De _ e _ _ e _

S _ R _ N _

S _ M _ E _

A _ T _ M _

W _ N _ E _

2) Complete with verb to hage got,then draw and color as requested:

1) I………………………… a green ball.

2) They……………………….. a pink teddy bear

3) She ……………………… a yellow car

4) You ………………………a blue airplane.

5) He …………………………… a red train

3) Can or can’t?

1) a dog ………………swim 2) a bird……………………. sing. 3) a cat…………… play tennis 4) a horse……………… play golf. 5) a cow……………… play the violin. 6) a giraffe ……….. run. 7) a bird …………… fly.

5)Complete with TO BE: 1) I…………… happy. 2) you ………………. a student. 3) he ……………….. an English boy. 4) she ……….. …a French girl. 5) it is ………..a black dog. 6) we …………… in the garden. 7) you …………… tall. 8) they……………...on the sofa. 6) Copy the sentences in ex.5 with the short form of TO BE: 1)__________________ 2)__________________ 3)__________________ 4)__________________ 5)__________________ 6) __________________ 7)__________________ 8)__________________

1) Complete with HE-SHE- IT- THEY …….. is a boy

……..is a flower.

……. are girls.

…….. is a witch.

……..is a fish.

……… is Dora

………… are flowers

4) A or AN

……….apple

…….. egg .

…….. carrot

………….orange

…….. yogurt

Complete the dialogue:

Lucy: Hello. Kitty:_______________________ Lucy: What’s your name? Kitty:_______________________ Lucy: _____________________ Kitty: I ’m eight years old. And you? Lucy: I ’m nine. Where are you f rom? Kitty: I taly. Lucy:______________________ Kitty: Yes,I have got a brother. Lucy: ______________________ Kitty: I t’s 34522678 Lucy: _______________________ Kitty: I t’s 23 Verdi Street . Lucy: What’s your favorite color? Kitty: My red. Lucy: Have you got a pet? Kitty:Yes, a fi sh Lucy: ______________________ Kitty: I t’s orange. Lucy: Bye-bye. Kitty:______________________