lecture 002- organising for project management efficiency v
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Lecture 002- Organising for Project Management Efficiency VTRANSCRIPT
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
BI 2
T Chc t c Hiu Qu Qun Tr D n
Gii thiu
T chc: nhm ngi phi phi hp cc hot ng ca h p ng cc mc tiu t chc
Nhiu t chc khng c c cu qun tr d n chnh thc
Cng vic d n c x l trn c s phi th thc
Khng c c cu tt nht i ph vi nhng thch thc ca t chc tng lai
Bi ny tho lun v nhu cu t chc thng qua cc phng php qun tr d n mt cch chnh thc.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
S cn thit ca ti c cu
Cuc cch mng cng ngh (s phc tp v a dng ca sn phm, vt liu v qu trnh mi, v nhng nh hng ca nghin cu quy m ln)
S cnh tranh v s hn ch li nhun (cc th trng bo ha, lm pht lng v chi ph vt liu, v hiu qu sn xut)
Chi ph marketing cao
Khng th d on c cc nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng (v thu nhp cao, nhiu la chn v th hiu khc nhau)
Nhng yu im truyn thng
Qun l tha mn vi cc k nng k thut nhng cc d n khng p ng c thi gian, chi ph v cc yu cu d n khc
Mc cam kt thc hin cng vic d n cao nhng c s dao ng ln v mc p ng cc thng s hiu qu cng vic.
Cc chuyn vin c ti tham gia d n c cm gic b bc lt v lm dng.
Cc c nhn hoc cc nhm k thut c th thng li cho nhau v vic khng p ng c cc thng s hoc k hn.
Cc d n ng hn v thng s nhng cc nhm v c nhn khng hi lng vi nhng g t c.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
Cc cu hi
Cng vic t chc cn phi kim sot st sao n mc no nu n c thc hin hiu qu?
Nhng nhu cu v thi ca nhng ngi thc hin nhng cng vic l g? Nhng nh hng c th ca cc c ch kim sot i vi ng lc thc y v hiu qu hot ng ca chng l g?
S phn nhm x hi t nhin m con ngi nh n nhn din bn thn l g? Cc mi quan h x hi quan trng n mc no vi ng lc thc y v hiu qu cng vic?
Cc cu hi (tip)
Kha cnh no ca cc hot ng t chc cn phi c kt hp cht ch nu mun hon thnh nhim v tng th?
C th xy dng nhng phng php t chc no mang li mt phng php kim sot v phi hp cc hot ng cng vic thch hp, ng thi p ng c cc nhu cu ca con ngi v cung cp ng lc?
Nhng thay i mi trng no c kh nng nh hng n xu hng hot ng ca cng ty tng lai? C th thc hin nhng phng php t chc no bo m rng doanh nghip phn ng li hiu qu?
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
Dng cng vic t chc
Quyn: quyn trao cho cc c nhn (theo v tr ca h) h c th a ra nhng quyt nh cui cng
Trch nhim: ngha v ca cc c nhn theo vai tr ca h trong t chc chnh thc thc hin cc cng vic hiu qu
Trch nhim gii trnh: c th tr li v vic hon thnh tha ng mt cng vic c th
Trch nhim gii trnh = Quyn + Trch nhim
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Cc c cu t chc
Cc t chc truyn thng (c in): Nhn vin c phn nhm theo lnh vc chc nng nh:
Ti chnh Nhn s hoc Marketing.
Cc t chc d n n thun: c mt b phn d n trong t chc.
Cc t chc theo ma trn: l s kt hp cc t chc chc nng v t chc d n.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
Cp nhm
Trch nhim chc nng
T chc truyn thng
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Tng gim c
K thut Sn xut Bn hng MarketingAdminis-
tration
Cp b phn
Qun trCp gim c
Cp phng
T chc truyn thng
c t chc theo cc hot ng chung hoc theo chuyn mn nh k ton, dch v khch hng hoc cng ngh thng tin
Cc t chc qun tr c in hi lng vi cng tc kim sot
Xung t mc ti thiu
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc truyn thng
Nhng thun li:
Lp ngn sch d hn v c th kim sot chi ph
C th kim sot mt k thut tt hn
Cc chuyn vin c th c phn nhm chia s kin thc v trch nhim
Nhn s c s dng trong nhiu d n khc nhau
Tt c cc d n u hng li t cng ngh tin tin nht (s dng nhn s khan him tt hn)
Linh hot trong cng tc s dng nhn lc.
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T chc truyn thng
Nhng thun li: (tip)
Cung cp mt c s nhn lc rng
Mang li s lin tc v cc quy tc chc nng; cc chnh sch, quy trnh v trch nhim d xc nh v d hiu
Sn sng cho php cc hot ng sn xut hng lot trong gii hn cc thng s thit lp.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc truyn thng
Nhng thun li: (tip)
Kim sot nhn s tt bi v mi nhn vin u bo co vi mt v ch mt ngi
Cc knh truyn thng theo chiu dc v c thit lp tt
C kh nng phn ng nhanh nhy nhng c th ph thuc vo cc u tin ca nh qun tr chc nng.
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T chc truyn thng
Nhng bt li:
Khng c nhn no trc tip chu trch nhim v ton b d n (ngha l khng c quyn chnh thc; cc gii php y ban).
Khng ly d n lm trng tm hon thnh cc nhim v d n.
S phi hp tr nn phc tp v thm thi gian ch i ph duyt cc quyt nh.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc truyn thng
Nhng bt li: (tip)
Nhng quyt nh thng ng h cc nhm chc nng mnh nht
Khng ly khch hng lm trng tm
p ng nhu cu ca khch hng chm
Gp kh khn khi xc nh trch nhim; iu ny xut pht t vic khng hoc t bo co d n trc tip, rt t hoch nh d n v khng c quyn d n.
ng lc v i mi gim
Cc tng thng c nh hng chc nng t theo cc d n ang din ra.
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Cu trc d n n thun
Tng gim c
Qun l D n A
Qun l D n B
Qun l d n C
K thut
Sn xut
K thut
Sn xut
K thut
Sn xut
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc d n n thun
Nh qun tr d n c quyn hn sp xp quyn u tin v ch o cng vic ca tt c cc thnh vin i d n
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T chc d n n thun
Nhng thun li
Cung cp quyn hn hon ton cho d n (kim sot mnh bng quyn d n).
Nhng ngi tham gia d n lm vic trc tip cho nh qun tr d n. Cc dng sn phm khng c li nhun c xc nh r rng v c th b loi b
Cc knh truyn thng mnh
Nhn vin c th duy tr chuyn mn trong mt d n nht nh m khng phi chia s nhn s ch cht
Thi gian phn ng nhanh nhy
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc d n n thun
Nhng thun li (tip)
Nhn s th hin s trung thnh i vi d n; tinh thn i vi s nhn din sn phm tt hn.
Trng tm xy dng cc mi quan h vi khch hng ngoi cng ty
Linh hot trong vic xc nh thi gian (lch trnh), chi ph, v s cn bng cc yu t khc nhau t c hiu qu cao nht
Ban qun l cp cao c nhiu thi gian hn ra quyt nh thc hin
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T chc d n n thun
Nhng bt li
Chi ph duy tr hnh thc ny trong mt cng ty a sn phm qu cao do nhn i n lc, c s vt cht v nhn s; s dng khng hiu qu
Tn ti xu hng gi li nhn s ca d n lu sau khi cn h. Qun l cp cao phi cn i khi lng cng vic khi d n khi cng v chia giai on.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc d n n thun
Nhng bt li (tip)
Cng ngh ti t hn bi v, khng c cc nhm chc nng mnh, trin vng tng lai ci thin nng lc cng ty cho cc chng trnh mi b cn tr (Khng duy tr cng ngh).
Cng tc kim sot cc chuyn vin chc nng (t chc) i hi phi c s phi hp cp cao nht.
Thiu c hi trao i k thut gia cc d n.
Thiu tnh lin tc v ngh nghip v cc c hi cho nhn s d n.
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Cu trc t chc ma trn
K thutCc hot
ngTi chnh Khc
Qun tr d nX
Qun tr d nY
Qun tr d nZ
Tng gim c
Trch nhim d n
Tr
ch
nh
im
ch
c n
n
g
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc ma trn
T chc ma trn kt hp cc li th ca cu trc n thun v cu trc d n
Nh qun tr d n chia s trch nhim vi cc nh qun tr chc nng v vic sp xp th t u tin v hng dn cng vic ca cc c nhn phn b cho d n.
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Xy dng ma trn
Nhng ngi tham gia phi dnh ton b thi gian cho d n; iu ny m bo mc trung thnh
Phi c cc knh chiu dc v chiu ngang to s cam kt
Phi c cc phng php gii quyt xung t nhanh chng v hiu qu
Phi c cc knh truyn thng tt v s truy cp t do gia cc nh qun tr.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
Xy dng ma trn
Tt c cc nh qun tr u phi c u vo cho qu trnh hoch nh.
Cc nh qun tr theo chiu dc v chiu ngang phi sn sng m phn v ngun lc.
Phi cho php hot ng chiu ngang nh mt thc th tch bit ngoi tr cc mc ch hnh chnh.
(tip)
Cu trc t chc ma trn
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc ma trn
Nhng thun li
Nh qun tr d n duy tr mc kim sot d n ti a i vi tt c cc ngun lc (qua cc nh qun l trc tip), bao gm chi ph v nhn s.
Nhng chnh sch v quy trnh c th c thit lp c lp cho mi d n min l chng khng tri vi nhng chnh sch v quy trnh ca cng ty.
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T chc ma trn
Nhng thun li (tip)
Nh qun tr d n c quyn s dng cc ngun lc cng ty min l lch trnh khng mu thun vi cc d n khc.
C th phn ng nhanh chng trc nhng thay i, gii quyt xung t v cc nhu cu ca d n.
T chc chc nng tn ti ch yu h tr cho d n.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc ma trn
Nhng thun li (tip)
Mi ngi u c nh sau khi hon thnh d n. Con ngi d b tc ng bi ng lc thc y v sn phm cui cng. Mi ngi c th tm thy mt con ng s nghip.
Bi v c th chia s nhng nhn s ct cn nn chi ph chng trnh c gim thiu ti a. Mi ngi c th lm vic nhiu lnh vc: c ngha l kim sot con ngi tt hn.
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T chc ma trn
Nhng thun li (tip)
C th xy dng c mt c s k thut mnh v dnh nhiu thi gian hn gii quyt cc vn phc tp. Tri thc dnh cho cc d n l nh nhau.
Xung t mc ti thiu v nhng xung t cn tham chiu th bc d dng gii quyt hn.
Cn bng gia thi gian, chi ph v hiu qu tt hn.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc ma trn
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Nhng thun li (tip)
Nh qun tr d n c quyn s dng cc ngun lc cng ty min l lch trnh khng mu thun vi cc d n khc.
C th phn ng nhanh chng trc nhng thay i, gii quyt xung t v cc nhu cu ca d n.
T chc chc nng tn ti ch yu h tr cho d n.
T chc ma trn
Nhng thun li (tip)
Cc chuyn vin v cc chuyn gia pht trin nhanh chng
Quyn v trch nhim c chia s
p lc c chia u cho i nhm (v cc nh qun tr chc nng).
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc ma trn
Nhng bt li
Dng thng tin a chiu
Dng cng vic a chiu
Bo co hai mt
Cc u tin thay i lin tc
Cc mc ch qun l khc cc mc ch d n
Nguy c xy ra xung t v gii quyt xung t lin tc
Kh khn trong vic gim st v kim sot.
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T chc ma trn
Nhng bt li (tip)
C cu t chc ton cng ty khng tit kim chi ph bi v yu cu nhiu ngi hn mc cn thit, c bit l v mng hnh chnh.
Tng t chc d n hot ng c lp. i hi phi cn thn v hot ng khng lp li.
Ban u cn nhiu thi gian v sc lc hn xc nh cc chnh sch v qu trnh, so vi hnh thc t chc truyn thng.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
T chc ma trn
Nhng bt li (tip)
Cc nh qun tr chc nng c th chch th t cc quyn u tin ca chnh h.
Phi theo di s cn i quyn lc gia t chc d n v t chc chc nng.
Phi gim st s cn i thi gian, chi ph v hiu qu hot ng.
Mc d thi gian phn ng nhanh chng gii quyt cc vn c nhn nhng thi gian phn ng li c th kh chm.
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T chc ma trn
Nhng bt li (tip)
Nhn vin v cc nh qun l khng r v vai tr hn trong hnh thc t chc truyn thng.
Cc xung t v gii php gii quyt xung c th l mt qu trnh lin tc (c th cn s h tr ca mt chuyn gia t chc).
Mi ngi khng cm thy h c quyn kim sot s phn ca chnh h khi lin tc phi bo co vi nhiu nh qun l.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
C cu t chc ma trn
(vi mt gim c qun tr d n)
Gim c:Qun tr d n
Gim c:K thut
Gim c:Sn xut
Gim c:Ti chnh/Hnh chnh
Qun tr d n X
Qun tr d n Y
Qun tr d n Z
Tng gim c
n V Kinh Doanh Chin LcQun Tr D n
C.TrnhC.TrnhSBU
Chrysler
C.TrnhC.TrnhSBUGM
C. trnhC. trnhSBUFord
Nh qunl chngtrnh
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
Qun tr d n SBU S dng Qun l nn tng
Nn tng
Nn tng
Nn tng
SBU SBUSBU
Qun l nn tng
Qun l chng trnhSBU
Cn i cc k nng k thut v K nng nhn s
K nng k thut
Cao
K nng nhn s
Thp
Thnh vin Thnh vin Gim st Qun l Quan chc Ch tch
Cp di Cp trn cp trung cp cao
V tr no thch hp cho mt nh qun tr d n?
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
Cc yu t la chn hnh thc t chc
Cu hi: Cc nh iu hnh xc nh hnh thc t chc tt nht nh th no?
Quy m d n
di d n
Kinh nghim t chc qun tr d n
Trit l v tm nhn ca cc nh qun tr d n cp cao
V tr ca d n
Cc ngun lc c sn
Cc kha cnh c o ca d n
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Hot ng trn lp 2a
Xc nh c cu t chc hin ti ca bn
V s t chc hin ti ca bn
Lit k nhng thun li v bt li cho vic thc hin cc d n.
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Project Management
PGSM International Executive MBA
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Cu hi?