lehninger principles of biochemistry - illinois state …€¦ · ppt file · web view ·...
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LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY
Sixth Edition
David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox
© 2013 W. H. Freeman and Company
CHAPTER 12Biosignaling
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Five features of signal transducing systems
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Six general types of signal transducers
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The β-adrenergic receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor
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Adenylyl cyclase produces cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATPcAMP is a potent second messenger in epinephrine signaling
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The GTPase switch
Regulation of epinephrine
signaling
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Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)
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Epinephrine cascade
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Desensitization of the β-adrenergic receptor in the
continued presence of epinephrine
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Hormone-activated phospholipase C
(PKC) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate
(IP3)
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Calmodulin often mediates the
effects of calcium
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Insulin signalingThe insulin receptor is a
tyrosine kinase
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The electrogenic Na+K+ ATPase
produces a transmembrane
electrical potential of about -60 mV
(negative inside the cell)
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Free energy change for charged molecule
G = RT ln ( Cin / Cout) + FVm
Z=valence, F=96,500 J/V*mol, Vm=TM electrical potential (volts)
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Role of voltage-gated and ligand-gated ion channels in neural
transmission
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The acetylcholine receptor ion channel
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Steroid hormones