Lesson 62 (1)

The Sea

策划编辑 覃明宏制作

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Discuss these questions in groups of four before you read the text

• 1 How does sea water stay clean?

• 2 How salty is the water in the ocean? 3.5%, 11% or 25% ?

• 3 Where is the saltiest lake in the world?

• 4 How much of the earth’s surface is sea? 45%, 56% or 71% ?

Seaweeds produce chemicals that help seawater stay clean.

3.5%.

In the USA.

71% (about two thirds).

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本 课 知 识 点• 1 Seen from space, the earth looks blue. 从太空望去 ,

地球看上去是蓝色的。• 翻译： 1) 从山顶上望去，城市就在我们的脚下。• Seen from the top of the hill, the city is below us.• 2) 看到大海 , 我们兴奋地跳起来。• Seeing the sea, we jumped wit

h joy.• 3) 我们看到门漆成了红色。• We saw the door painted red.• 2 This is because two thirds of the earth’s surface is

made up of vast oceans. 这是因为地球的三分之二是由广阔的海洋构成的。

• 1 ） be made up of 作“组成、构成” be part of 解， 由…… . 组成、由… ... 构成。

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例如：水是由氢 hydrogen 和氧 oxygen 构成的。 Water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen. 比较 : be made up of 和 be made of/from 1) The USA is made up of 50 states. 指构成的部分 2) The bottle is made of glass. 指成品和原料• 2 ） make up ： form 构成、组成

There are 11 other minerals that make up the salt of the oceans. 还有 11 种矿物质组成了海洋的盐水。

• 3 Most of the oceans contains 35 parts of salt per thousand parts of water.

• …… 每一千份水中含三十五份盐。• The water of the Dead Sea contains about 250 par

ts of salt to every thousand parts of water,… (line 6, passage 2)

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Most of the oceans contain 35 parts of salt per thousand parts of water. That is 3.5 % by weight. 大多数海洋的含盐量为千分之三十五。按重量计就是 3.5% 。• by 根据… . .. 、按… . ..• The worker is paid by the day. ( 按日 ) 不可用 by da

y ( 在白天 ) In England, sugar is sold by the pound and eggs by the dozen.

• 4 The Mediterranean (Sea) is more than….• 到 在江、河、湖、海等名词前一般要加定冠词。 The • Atlantic Ocean, the West L

ake• 作当其定语时 , 可不用定冠军词 .

• 如本段中 Mediterranean water

等。

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5 It takes 80 years for Mediterranean water to be changed with Atlantic water. 地中海的水需要 80 年才能同大西洋 的水交换一次。• 思考： 1) 上句能否变为： It takes Mediterranean wa

ter to be changed with Atlantic water.• 提示 : It takes + 名 / 代 + to do sth. 结构中的名词或代

词是动词不定式的动作的执行者。• 2) 同义句表达 :• It takes 80 years to change Mediterranean water

with…. 6 Coral is not a plant but a variety of animals life of different shapes and bright colours. 珊瑚并不是植物 , 而是形状不同 , 色彩斑斓的动物变体。

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variety ( 仅用单数 ) 种种…… for a variety of reasons 由于多种原因 variety 的形容词 ?

• 7 The water temperature must not fall below 20oC and there must be plenty of light, so corals are found in water with a depth of less than 60 meters.

• 8 The longest coral bed in the world is one which lies off the northeast coast of Australia. 世界上最长的珊瑚礁位于澳大利亚的东北沿海。

• off prep. a short distance out to sea from• an island off the coast of Fujia

n• 福建沿海的一个岛屿

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6 The minerals are partly supplied by hundreds of natural springs which flow into the Dead Sea...• 这些矿物质部分来自众多的流入死海的天然泉水 , 部分

来自约旦河。• supply n./ vt. 供应 供给• 淡水供应 供应食物给 ...• supply of fresh water supply food for…• 7 on average 平均起来、一般来说• 翻译：• 苹果的价格平均每公斤四元左右。 • The price of apples is about four yuan per kg on av

erage.• averageadj. 平均气温• the average temperature

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Write notes below on the two texts• 1 How salty are different lakes and seas ?• NAME %• a ______________________ __________• b ______________________ __________• c ______________________ __________• d ______________________ __________• 2 What conditions are needed for coral to grow i

n the sea ?• a ____________________________ b _________• c _____________ d ________________________

oceans 3.5

the Mediterranean 3.7~ 3.9

the Dead Sea 25the Great Salt Lake 27

water temperature above 20o C light

clear water depth of less than 60 metres

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Read the passages again and then choose the best answers for the blanks. (1)• 1 ___ of the earth’s surface is covered by water.• A. two thirds B. One half C. One third D. One quarter• 2 Various chemicals produced by seaweeds can ____.• A. make the sea water salty D. keep the sea water cold• C. make the sea water clean D. keep the sea water warm• 3 The Mediterranean contains between 37 and 39 parts o

f salt per thousand parts of water because ____.• A. the weather is very hot• b. the sea loses a lot of water to the air• C. its water is not easily changed• D. of all the reasons mentioned above

A

C

D

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Read the passages again and then choose the best answers for the blanks. (2)• 4 Coral can live when ______.• A. the temperature is above 20oC• B. there is plenty of light• C. the water is clean • D. there are all the above conditions• 5 The dead Sea is a _______.• A. sea B. lake C. spring D. river • 6 The minerals which stay in the Dead Sea come from___.

• A. hundreds of natural springs B. the River Jordan• C. the Great Salt Lake • D. natural springs and the River Jordan

D

B

D

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Fill in each blank with one of the italicized words. Change the word form if necessary.• spring merely partly various float construction average

• 1 At the English party, the students put on __________ forms of performances.

• 2 The traffic in the town is getting from bad to worse because some main roads are now under ____________.

• 3 There was seaweed __________ one the surface of the water.

• 4 to help the hungry people in some African countries, Bob Geldof collected money ________ from concert ticket sales and ________ from radio and TV companies.

• 5 The shop assistant was not friendly to the customer ___________ because he was poorly dressed.

• 6 We can find how many words, on _________, a person can remember in one minute.

• 7 A _________ is a pool that is formed where water comes up through the ground.

various

construction

floating

partly partly

merely

average

spring

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Lack of outlets (出 口 )or drainage(排水 ) for the Great Salt Lake in Utah causes natural water loss to occur only through evaporation (蒸发 ), which leaves high concentrates(浓缩 ) of dissolved (被分解 ) salts to be carried back into the lake through its tributaries(支流 ). Sodium chloride (氯化钠 ), one of the main constituents ( 成份 ) of the dissolved salts, is used commercially. It is estimated (估计 ) that the lake holds more than five million tons of sodium chloride in solution ( 在溶解状态中 ).

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