Lessons Learned WorkshopLessons Learned Workshop

2424thth August 2002 August 2002

• SuccessSuccess• ChallengesChallenges• The Context for The Context for Aspen 2003Aspen 2003 Looking aheadLooking ahead

Timing as well as performance is keyTiming as well as performance is key

• Data ……….Data ……….

SuccessesSuccesses

IR Optimization works:IR Optimization works:Gemini-South IR (4 micron) Gemini-South IR (4 micron) Commissioning Images of Galactic CenterCommissioning Images of Galactic Center

•Gemini South + ABU + fast tip/tilt•Brackett •FWHM ~ 0.35”•1 minute integration

•Simons & Becklin 1992•IRTF (3.6m) - L’•16,000 images shift/add•An entire night….

Perlman, Sparks, et al.

Gemini North: M87 jet at 10 Gemini North: M87 jet at 10 m– m– Deepest Deepest image ever taken in the mid IRimage ever taken in the mid IR

OSCIR, 10.8 m

HST/F300W, 0.3 m

Sensitivity (1, 1 h): 0.028 mJy/pix (pix scale = 0.089”) 0.1 mJy on point source

14 Jy/pixel after further IR Optimization

Gemini South IR PerformanceGemini South IR Performance

GMOS North comes on-lineGMOS North comes on-line

PMN2314+0201 Quasar at z=4.11 Gemini SV PI: Isobel Hook

60min – 60min – 140min 140min per filterper filter

Seeing Seeing (FWHM) (FWHM) 0.5 – 0.7 arcsec0.5 – 0.7 arcsec

5 sigma 5 sigma detection limits detection limits ::

g'=27.5 magg'=27.5 mag r'=27.2 magr'=27.2 mag i'=26.3 magi'=26.3 mag

GMOS on Gemini 5.5’ x 5.5’

Telescope & Telescope & instrument instrument reliability > reliability > 90%90%

Observing Observing efficiencyefficiency(shutter (shutter open/elapsed)open/elapsed)Routinely ~ Routinely ~ 70%70%

GMOS “Deep Deep Survey”GMOS “Deep Deep Survey”

84 objects 2 tiers with150 l/mm grating

The GDDS teamThe GDDS team

GDDS Team: Bob Abraham & Ray Carlberg (Toronto), Karl Glazebrook & Sandra Savaglio (JHU), Pat McCarthy (OCIW), David Crampton (DAO), Isobel Hook (Oxford), Inger Jørgensen & Kathy Roth (Gemini)

Goal: Deep 100,000 sec MOS exposures on Las Campanas IR Survey fields to get redshifts of a complete K<20.5 sample to z=2 -- using NOD & SHUFFLE

Esp. virgin ‘redshift desert’ 1.2<z<2 FORMATION OF THE HUBBLE SEQUENCE

This requires getting redshifts to I=24.5 1 mag fainter than Keck Lyman Break Galaxies.

GDDS SV data: 14 hours in 0.5'' seeing (Aug 02)The GDDS teamThe GDDS team

GMOS “Deep Deep Survey”GMOS “Deep Deep Survey”

I=23.8 z=1.07

Example object: N&S subtractedExample object: N&S subtracted

[OII] 3727at 7700Å

The GDDS teamThe GDDS team

GDDS: ultra-super-preliminary GDDS: ultra-super-preliminary resultsresults These are just These are just

thethe‘easy’ ones so ‘easy’ ones so far!far!

Full 100,000 secswill pound on z=1.5old red galaxies

N&S works! Ultimate ‘sky null’ technique.

Could reach I=27 in 106 secs on 30m

The GDDS teamThe GDDS team

Exploring the Gemini contextExploring the Gemini context

2000 2010

NGST ALMA SIM VLA-upgrade

Keck-Inter. ESO-VLTI

Keck I&II

UT1,UT2,UT3,UT4 Magellan 1&2 HET LBT OWL

CELT and maybeGSMT…

LSST

The decade of adaptive optics The era of the “giants”

SOFIA

SIRTF

VISTA

SUBARU

2000 2010

2012 2015Gemini N

Gemini S ?

2000 2010

NGST ALMA SIM VLA-upgrade

Keck-Inter. ESO-VLTI

Keck I&II

UT1,UT2,UT3,UT4 Magellan 1&2 HET LBT OWL

CELT and maybeGSMT…

LSST

The decade of adaptive optics The era of the “giants”

SOFIA

SIRTF

2000 2010

2012 2015Gemini N ALTAIR + LGS

Michelle NIFS

GM

OS

GAOS -> MCAO

GNIRS NICI Flam. 2

Gemini S

T-RECS

VISTA

SUBARU

?

Exploring the Gemini contextExploring the Gemini context- and responding- and responding

ConclusionsConclusions

•The Gemini Partnership The Gemini Partnership is capable of organizing is capable of organizing itself to produce highly itself to produce highly competitive, state-of-competitive, state-of-the-art facilitiesthe-art facilities

•““The Gemini whole” The Gemini whole” can can be greaterbe greater than the sum than the sum of the partsof the parts

Challenges circa 2002Challenges circa 2002

• Instrument delivery, Instrument delivery, instrument delivery, instrument delivery, instrument delivery……instrument delivery……• Gemini South will be “bare” Gemini South will be “bare”

until mid 2003 from the user until mid 2003 from the user perspectiveperspective

• And instrument delivery And instrument delivery schedules constrain science schedules constrain science availability of Gemini availability of Gemini TelescopesTelescopes

Gemini-North Time DistributionGemini-North Time Distribution

Gemini-North

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2002A 2002B 2003A 2003B 2004A 2004B 2005A 2005B

Semester

% o

f T

ota

l Tim

e

Telescope Eng.

H-L S/W

Instrument

Science

NIR

I -

GP

OL

GM

OS

- N

&S

, G

PO

L

ALTA

IR

MIC

HELLE

Hoku

pa’a

-S

NIF

S

ALTA

IR L

GS

MIC

HELLE

New Instrument Mode Tests

Gemini-South Time DistributionGemini-South Time Distribution

Gemini-South

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2002A 2002B 2003A 2003B 2004A 2004B 2005A 2005B

Semester

% o

f T

ota

l Tim

e

Telescope Eng.

H-L S/W

Instrument

Science

T-R

eC

S

GM

OS

-S

GM

OS

-S (

con

t.)

bH

RO

S

GN

IRS NICI

NIC

I (c

on

t.)

GS

AO

I

GS

AO

FLA

MIN

GO

S-2

PHOENIXFLAMINGOS

New InstrumentMode Tests

Comparison: Slip Factor

1.101.191.191.241.281.281.311.391.421.441.45

1.631.711.751.78

2.002.042.11

2.332.92

3.534.11

7.50

Instrument 1,8Instrument 2,6Instrument 2,9Instrument 2,5Instrument 5,1Instrument 4,1Instrument 2,7Instrument 3,1Instrument 2,4Instrument 2,3

Instrument 2,11Instrument 2,10Instrument 2,8Instrument 1,7Instrument 2,2Instrument 1,6

Instrument 2,12Instrument 2,1Instrument 1,5Instrument 1,4Instrument 1,3Instrument 1,2Instrument 1,1

Our communities have Our communities have struggled to deliver struggled to deliver

instrumentsinstruments1.0

Slip Factor = original schedule + slip original schedule

Original Duration and Slip (Months)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Instrument 1,8

Instrument 2,9

Instrument 5,1

Instrument 2,7

Instrument 2,4

Instrument 2,11

Instrument 2,8

Instrument 2,2

Instrument 2,12

Instrument 1,5

Instrument 1,3

Instrument 1,1

Originalschedule

SlipData complied by

Adrian Russell

Sch

edu

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erf

orm

an

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ance

Looking AheadLooking Ahead

Defining the role of Gemini in the era of a Defining the role of Gemini in the era of a 6.5m NGST6.5m NGST

Assuming a detected S/N of 10 for NGST on a point source, with 4x1000s integration

GE

MIN

I a

dv

an

tag

eN

GS

T a

dva

nta

ge

R = 30,000 R = 5,000 R = 1,000 R = 5

Timegain

102

104

1

?

2000 2010

NGST ALMA SIM VLA-upgrade

Keck-Inter. ESO-VLTI

Keck I&II

UT1,UT2,UT3,UT4 Magellan 1&2 HET LBT OWL

CELT and maybeGSMT…

LSST

The era of the “giants”

SOFIA

SIRTF

ALTAIR + LGS

Michelle NIFS

GM

OS

GAOS -> MCAO

GNIRS NICI Flam. 2T-RECS

VISTA

SUBARU

2000 2010

2012 2015Gemini N

Gemini S

Multi-IFU & MCAO++?

Extreme AO?

Mid-IR opportunity?

Seeing enhancedR=1,000,000

spectroscopy?

AspenAspen20032003

Gemini’s Environment,“Aspen 2003”Gemini’s Environment,“Aspen 2003”& our window of opportunity& our window of opportunity

The decade of adaptive optics

?

2000 2010

NGST ALMA SIM VLA-upgrade

Keck-Inter. ESO-VLTI

Keck I&II

UT1,UT2,UT3,UT4 Magellan 1&2 HET LBT OWL

CELT and maybeGSMT…

LSST

SOFIA

SIRTF

ALTAIR + LGS

Michelle NIFS

GM

OS

GAOS -> MCAO

GNIRS NICI Flam. 2T-RECS

VISTA

SUBARU

2000 2010

2012 2015Gemini N

Gemini S

Multi-IFU & MCAO++?

Extreme AO?

Mid-IR opportunity?

AspenAspen20032003

Gemini’s Environment,“Aspen 2003”Gemini’s Environment,“Aspen 2003”& our window of opportunity& our window of opportunity

In this evolving environment, timingas well as performance is key

The decade of adaptive optics The era of the “giants”

Seeing enhancedR=1,000,000

spectroscopy?

Comparison: Slip Factor

1.101.191.191.241.281.281.311.391.421.441.45

1.631.711.751.78

2.002.042.11

2.332.92

3.534.11

7.50

Instrument 1,8Instrument 2,6Instrument 2,9Instrument 2,5Instrument 5,1Instrument 4,1Instrument 2,7Instrument 3,1Instrument 2,4Instrument 2,3

Instrument 2,11Instrument 2,10Instrument 2,8Instrument 1,7Instrument 2,2Instrument 1,6

Instrument 2,12Instrument 2,1Instrument 1,5Instrument 1,4Instrument 1,3Instrument 1,2Instrument 1,1

Our record to date is not Our record to date is not impressiveimpressive

1.0

Slip Factor = original schedule + slip original schedule

Original Duration and Slip (Months)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Instrument 1,8

Instrument 2,9

Instrument 5,1

Instrument 2,7

Instrument 2,4

Instrument 2,11

Instrument 2,8

Instrument 2,2

Instrument 2,12

Instrument 1,5

Instrument 1,3

Instrument 1,1

Originalschedule

SlipData complied by

Adrian Russell

Sch

edu

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erf

orm

an

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chedu

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orm

ance

Comparison: Cost Overrun factor

0.951.001.021.03

1.121.21

1.321.351.391.451.48

1.651.76

2.022.112.14

2.712.73

3.333.75

3.87

Instrument 2,9Instrument 2,5Instrument 5,1Instrument 2,7Instrument 2,4Instrument 2,1Instrument 4,1Instrument 1,8Instrument 3,1Instrument 2,3Instrument 2,8

InstrumentInstrument 1,7Instrument 1,6Instrument 1,4Instrument 2,2Instrument 1,3Instrument 1,2Instrument 2,6Instrument 1,1Instrument 1,5

And we have had to pay a And we have had to pay a significant pricesignificant price

1.0

Cost Overrun Factor = actual cost original approved budget

Data complied byAdrian Russell

Cost

Im

pact

(fu

lly b

urd

en

ed

)C

ost

Im

pact

(fu

lly b

urd

en

ed

)

Approved Value and Over/Under-Spend ($K)

- 2,000.00 4,000.00 6,000.00 8,000.00 10,000.00 12,000.00

Instrument 2,9

Instrument 2,5

Instrument 5,1

Instrument 2,7

Instrument 2,4

Instrument 2,1

Instrument 4,1

Instrument 1,8

Instrument 3,1

Instrument 2,3

Instrument 2,8

Instrument 2,12

Instrument 1,7

Instrument 1,6

Instrument 1,4

Instrument 2,2

Instrument 1,3

Instrument 1,2

Instrument 2,6

Instrument 1,1

Instrument 1,5

Original Budget $K

Over/under-spend $K

Thoughts so far….Thoughts so far….

• This current generation of 8m –10m This current generation of 8m –10m telescopes can be extremely effective telescopes can be extremely effective and efficient and efficient “science machines”“science machines”

• However, in this complex environment However, in this complex environment our continuing competitiveness requires our continuing competitiveness requires targeted, state-of-the-art targeted, state-of-the-art instrumentation, instrumentation, arriving at the arriving at the telescope at the right timetelescope at the right time

• And right now, we (at least And right now, we (at least Gemini) are not very good at this Gemini) are not very good at this last bit…..last bit…..