Let's know Audery Hepburn better!

1 、 What had she done before she entered the film industry?

2 、 What had she been before she became a Hollywood superstar?

She had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry.

She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.

Structure( 结构 ): had + p.p. ( 过去分词 )

the Past Perfect tense

过去完成时

Structure( 结构 ):had + done( 过去分词 )

Do Part A2 on Page 88

Verb Past perfect tense Verb Past perfect tense

act help

be open

begin see

bring sing

had acted

had been

had begun

had brought

had helped

had opened

had seen

had sung

Hepburn had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry.

Hepburn had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.

Can you work out the rule?

We can use the Past perfect Tense to talk about an action(ActionI) that happened before another action(ActionII) in the past.

过去完成时表示在过去的某个动作或某一时间

之前发生的动作，也可以指过去的动作延续

到过去的某个时刻。

过去完成时表示过去的过去。

nowAction IIAction I

We can use the Past perfect Tense to talk about an action(ActionI) that happened before another action(ActionII) in the past.

Past Perfect Tense

Simple Past Tense

Do Part A1

on Page 87

More sentences used the past perfect tense

1.Millie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom.

What happened first?

a.Millie ran back to school.

b.Millie left her magazine in the classroom.

2.Simon left school late because the football game had started late.

What happened first?

a.Simon left school late.

b.The football game started late.

3.Daniel arrived out of breath --- he had

gone to the wrong cinema.

What happened first?

a. Daniel arrived out of breath.

b. Daniel went to the wrong cinema.

4.Amy had lost her purse and had to go

to the police station.

What happened first?

a. Amy lost her purse.

b. Amy went to the police station.

If we want to talk about two past actions in a sentence, the Past Perfect Tense is used for the

(earlier, later) action.

earlier

The later action uses the ______________ tense. Simple Past

1. Before I became a teacher, I _________ (be) a writer for many years.

2. I got to the cinema after the film ___________ (begin).

3. When the mother _______ (get) home yesterday, the baby ___________ (fall) asleep.

4. He ______ (get) angry yesterday because he _______ (wait) for a long time.

5. The teacher ___________ (explain) this maths problem many times, but the students didn’t understand it.

6. I ___________ (wait) for 2 weeks until the result was announced .

7. We ___________ (learn) 2000 words before 2010.

had been

had begun

got had fallen

got had waited

had explained

had waited

过去完成时用 before, after, when, until, because, but 等引导。

had learned

Do Part A3 on Page 88

More exercises about the past perfect tense

10th December

Today, I watched Roman Holiday with my friends. Kitty was the first one to arrive at the cinema. When Millie and I ___________(arrive), kitty ______________(buy) the tickets already. Simon and Daniel came next. Before Simon and Daniel __________ (come), Millie and I ___________(go) to get some drinks. Then all five of us waited for Amy outside the cinema. Before Amy _________(arrive), we _______________(finish) our drinks. When we ___________(enter) the cinema, the film ________already___________ (start). Luckily, we did not miss much.

arrived had bought

came had gone

had finishedentered

started

arrived

had

Sandy’s diary

Had Kitty bought the tickets when Millie and Sandy arrived?

Had the film finished when they entered the cinema?

Yes, she had.

She had bought the tickets when they arrived.

No, it hadn’t.

It hadn’t finished when they entered the cinema.

1. I had been a writer for many years before I became a teacher.

2. The baby had fallen asleep when the mother got home yesterday.

Positive / negative sentences( 肯定、否定句 ) yes/no questions （一般疑问句）

I hadn’t been a writer for many years before I became a teacher.

Had you been a writer for many years before you became a teacher? Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.

The baby hadn’t fallen asleep when the mother got home yesterday.Had the baby fallen asleep when the mother got home yesterday?

Yes, he had. / No, he hadn’t.

过去完成时的构成：主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其他

主语 + had not / hadn’t + 过去分词 + 其他

一般疑问句：Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？

回答： Yes, 主语代词 had.

No, 主语代词 hadn‘t.

肯定句：

否定句：

Some exercises:

1. I _____________ ( not clean) the clothes before

you came back.

2. ______ she________ (leave) already when you

arrived?

3. ______they _____ (know) this before you told

them?

4. We __________ (not tell) you before you

knew it.

hadn’t cleaned

Had known

hadn’t told

Exercise: Part A4 Page 89

Had left

Hadseen

had had acted

Did watch

didn’t

by( 到…为止 ) / by the end of + present time

We ___________ (learn) 1800 English words by last term.

Past Now by

We _____________ (learn) 2000 words by this term.

Something more:

have learned

had learned

by( 到…为止 ) / by the end of + past time

Present perfect tense

past past by

Past perfect tense

Past perfect tense

Fill in the blanks

1. We ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗ (learn) 3000 words by

last term.

2. you ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗ (live) here for 20

years by 2004?

3. They ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗___‗‗‗‗ (work) for 10 years by the

end of last year.

4. I ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗ (teach) you for two years by

the end of last term.

had learned

Had lived

had worked

had taught

He said he had finished his homework.

What happened first?

A: He said

B: He finished his homework.

在宾语从句当中，也要注意时态的变化。

主句的动词是过去，从句要变成相应的过去的时态。

Fill in the blanks

1. I said I ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗(have) lunch already.

2. She told us she ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗__________(not be) to

Beijing yet.

3. I wondered if they ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗_______(live) in

Nanjing for three years.

4. Did you say I ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗______(pass)the exam

already?

5. He asked how many books I‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗__‗‗‗ (rea

d)

already?

had hadhadn’t been

had lived

had passed

had read

1.He _______________(live) here before I came here.

2.How many English films ______ you_________ (see)

by the end of last term?

3.What places ______you_______ (travel) during this summer

holiday?

4.We _______________(not hear) from my penfriend since 1998.

5.After I____________ (finish) my homework, I went to sleep.

6.I _______(like) to be an actor when I was a child.

7.The train ______________(not arrive) when we got to the railway station.

8.________he_________(tell) you anything just now?

had lived

had seen

did travel

haven’t heard

had finished

liked

had not arrived

Did tell

Homework: Do the exercises on P79 in 《伴你学》

1. 当我到达那儿时，电影已经放了五分钟了。

2. 到上学期末，他们已经学会了八首英语歌曲。

3. 他们搬来这儿之前在农场住了两年。

4. 李梅昨天很高兴，因为她英语考试得了满分。

5. 在假期里我们看了一部名叫《超人》的电影。

When I got there, the film had been on for five minutes.

They had learned eight English songs by the end of last term.

They had lived on the farm for two years

before they moved here.

LiMei was very happy yesterday because she had got full marks in the English exam.

We saw a film named ‘Superman’ during the holiday .

Review 1. --- _____ you _______ (finish) your homework yet?

--- Not yet.

2. So far, We ___________ (learn) about 3,000 words.

Have finished

have learned

3. I ___________ (work) in this school since 1999.

4. Jim’s grandfather ____________ (die) for about three

years.

5. Great changes __________ (take) place in this city in the

last five years.

have worked

has been dead

have taken

1) 自从他出生以来，他就住在这里了。

2) 我们已经住在这里三年了。

What tense is used in the above sentences?

He has lived here since he was born.

We have lived here for four years.

Present perfect tense

have/ has + p.p. (past participle)

Hepburn had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry.

put most of her effort into ballet training

enter the film industry

Hepburn had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.

be a model

become a Hollywood superstar

Hepburn had already won an Oscar for Best Actress before she won the Tony Award for the play Ondine.

win an Oscar for Best Actress

win the Tony Award for the play Ondine

So far, we have learned a lot about her.

We know she acted in many films.

Have you ever seen a film acted by Audrey Hepburn?

What tense is used in the above sentences?

Present perfect tense现在完成时

have/ has + p.p. ( 过去分词 )

Structure( 结构 ):

When to use Present perfect tense ？1.某件事或某个动作一直持续到现在

2.某件事或某个动作对现在产生影响

nowAction

present perfect tense