lezi.k dk fno; nzi. dadi janki/pdf/057. dadi janki new...lezi.k dk fno; nzi.k 2 nknh tkudh &%...

leZi.k dk fnO; nZi.k

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leZi.k

dk

fnO; nZi.k


2

nknh tkudh

&% gSnjkckn dh gfj;kyh %&

¹ czãkckck ls igyh ckj dh eqykdkr µgSnjkckn 1936¹

nknhth vkSj muds ykSfdd firkth dks gjjkst lqcg esa 'kgj ds utnhsd ds ckxhps esa lSj ij tkus dh vknr FkhA

,d ckj tc oks ckxhps ls okfil vk jgs Fks mlh nkSjku mUgksaus nknk ys[kjkt dks mudh rjQ vkrs gq, ns[kkA nknhth ds firkth NksVh mez ds gksus ds ukrs oks nknk dks uhps Ökqddj iz.kke djus yxs ijarq mUgksaus ;¡w djus ughssa fn;kA nknh cMs gh funksZ"k Hkko ls nknk dks ns[krh jgh vkSj mUgksaus ;g vuqHko fd;k dh nknk dh izfrHkk esa ,d izdkj dk lw{e ,oe~ 'kfDr'kkyh izdk'kiqat Fkk tks fd tknqbZ ped ls Hkjiqj izdaiuksa dks pgw fn'kkvksa esa fc[ksj jgk FkkA oks ,d cgqr gh [kqclwjr iy Fkk ftlesa Lo;a nknhth nknk ds pedrs gq, yykV ls mHkjrs izdk'kiqat esa [kks gh xbZ Fkh---------- vpkud ,d rhj lk uhdyk vkSj mlh iy esa ckck ds lkFk vykSfdd I;kj dk ukrk tqV x;kA Lo;a ds ykSfdd ifjokj ls lgt dqnjrh #Ik esa gh fueksZghiu dk Hkko Hkh izdV gks x;kA nknh us fny gh fny esa tku fy;k]ß;gh esjs lPps ckck gS] ;gh esjs okLrfod firk gSAÞ

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknhth dh Lo;a Hkxoku dks


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&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh dks okLrfod #i ls dbZ ckj ;g vuqHko gqvk fd ckck fdl izdkj muds fny dh gj /kMdu dh vkokt dks lqu ysrs gSaA oks dbZ ckj eglwl djrh gSa fd dqN Hkh cksyus dh Hkh t#jr ugha gS_ tcfd ckck rks flQZ ,d ladYi ek= dh nqjh ij gksrs gSa vkSj tc mudk ,d ifo= vkSj 'kfDr'kkyh ladYi gksrk gS rks mUgsa ;gh fu'p; jgrk gS fd ckck t#j ifjiw.kZ djsaxsA

;gh ckr ge gjsd dks ykxw gksrh gSA tc ge ckck dks fny ds utnhd j[krs gSa_ rks og flQZ ,d ladYi ek= dh nqjh ij gksrs gSa vkSj tc ge 'kq¼ ,oe~ fu'p;kRed cqf¼ ls ,d Hkh ladYi djrs gSa rks ckck mldk izR;qÙkj t#j nsrs gSaA

¹ fo'kkycqf¼ µ gSnjkckn¹

nknh dk flj tcls oks NksVh Fkh rcls ysdj cgqr gh cMk jgk gqvk gSA 'kkjhfjd åf"Vfcanq ls oks lqanj ckr ughs FkhA nqU;oh ekgkSy esa ;g ckr dks ysdj yksx dkQh gn rd mudh vkykspuk fd;k djrs FksA fQj Hkh nknh dks flQZ ,d gh ladYi ges'kk jgrk Fkk & ^eSa tks Hkh gw¡] tSlh Hkh gw¡_ eSa Lo;a Hkxoku dh cgqr gh I;kjh cPph gw¡A*

bZlfy, oks lp esa ,d lqanj iy Fkk_ ftlesa nknh ckck ds ikl vkbZ vkSj ckck us muds flj ij gkFk j[kkA ckck us muds psgjs dks cMs I;kj ls nqykj fd;k vkSj cgqr gh I;kj ls dgk] ^ehBh cPph] vius flj dk lnk [k;ky j[kukA ;g cgqr cMk gS D;ksafd vkids ikl Kku jRuksa ls Hkjh gqbZ fo'kky cqf¼ gSA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh ges'kk ;g eglwl djrh gS fd ckck dk ojnkuh gkFk muds flj ij gS tks fd mUgsa viuh cqf¼ dks LoPN] Js"B j[kus esa vkSj mldks lk/kkj.k ;k O;FkZ ladYikaas ls eqDr jgus essa enn djrk gSA oks ;g HkyhHkk¡fr tkurh gS fd og Lo;a Hkxoku ds }kjk pquk gqvk jRu gSa vkSj oks lnk muds lkFk gh gSA

Bhd bZlh rjg] tc ge 'kq¼ ,oe~ Js"B Kku jRuksa dks cqf¼ esa /kkj.k djds j[krs gSa rks gesa ;gh eglwl gksrk gS fd ge fo'odY;k.k ds dk;Z djus gsrq Lo;a Hkxoku ds }kjk pwus gq, jRu gSaA ge 'kq¼]fnO; ,oe~ Js"B cqf¼ laiék gal gSa D;ksafd ckck dk lkFk lnk gekjs lax gSA


4

djkaph dk dk¡jok


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&% djkaph dk dk¡jok %&

¹ gj ckr esa dY;k.k dks ns[kus dh åf"V & djkaph 1934¹

nknh dks ekrkvksa vkSj cPpksa dh laHkky ysus vFkZ fu;qDr fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj mudks caxyks esa (csch Hkou) j[kk x;k Fkk] ctk, mlds fd tgk¡ nknh izdk'ke.kh vkSj vU; nknh;k¡ tks fd dqat Hkou esa jgk djrh FkhA bZlfy, nknh us eEek dks iwNk]^eSa D;ksa ;gk¡ ij j[kh xbZ gw¡ \* eEek us dgk]^D;ksafd vki tud gksA* tud vFkkZr~ og tks fd fo'ks"k gS (Hkkjrh; 'kkL=ksa esa tud jktk viuh [kwch;ksa dks ysdj dkQh izpfyr gqvk djrs FksA) tud oks ml jktk dk uke gS ftudh nks fo'ks"k [kwch;k¡ gksrh FkhA

(1) oks nsgHkku ls lnk mijke jgrs FksA (2) oks [kqn ds jkT; ls fueksZgh rFkk VªLVh jgus dk Hkko j[krs FksA ckck us nknh dks dgk Fkk] ^tud csVk] vki jktk tud gksA* ckck us mu ij vius okfjl csVk gksus dks vf/kdkj j[kk FkkA ftldks nknh us Lo;a ds fy, ,d LoIu (oh>u) ds #i esa j[kk FkkA eEek us ;gh ckr dk leFkZu djrs gq, dgk]^csVk] vki blesa Hkh dY;k.k dks ns[k ikvksxsA*

mu fnuksa esa ckck ds lc cPpsa vyx vyx Hkouksa esa foHkkftr dj fn;s x;s FksA oks ,d iz.kkyh dk fgLlk gh Fkk] fd gj Hkou esa ls gjsd dks ckjh ckjh ls ckck ds ikl vkus dk] muds eqjyh Dykl esa 'kkfey gksus dk vkSj ckck dks ns[kus dk lqugjk volj feyrk FkkA tgk¡ ij nknh jgrh Fkh ogk¡ ij ekrk;sa Kku dks /khjs /khjs lh[krh FkhA gj ckj nknh tc eqjyh lquus ds fy, tkrh Fkh rks okfil vkus ij oks eqjyh ds KkujRuksas dks mu ekrkvksa dks lquk;k djrh FkhA ftldh lc ekrk;sa cgqr ljkguk djrh FkhA mlds ckn mUgksaus lcus feydj ;gh r; fd;k fd oks nknh dks gh gj jkst eqjyh lquus ds fy, Hkst fn;k djsaxas rkfd oks ckck dh ehBh f'k{kkvksa dk [ktkuk muds fy, yk lds vkSj oks mUgsa le>us ds fy, enn fd;k djsA ;gh otg ls nknh dk HkkX; [kqyus yxkA

tSls tSls oDr xqtjk] bZlds Qk;ns izR;{k gksus yxsA oks eEek vkSj ckck dks izR;{k #i esa ns[k ikrh FkhA muls lqanj åf"V dk ojnku vkSj rk>k eqjyh dks izkIr fd;k djrh FkhA bZlls nknh dk eqjyh dk vH;kl vkSj iqu% voyksdu lgt jhfr c


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ls eSa lnk ckck dks Lo;a ds izfr mEehnsa j[kus nsrh FkhA oks tks dqN Hkh eq>s dgs] eSa vo'; mls iw.kZ #i ls d#a¡xhA*

vki Hkh ckck ds ehBs ykMys csVs vkSj okfjl gks_ ,d vSlk csVs tks ehBs firk dk gkFk Fkkes gq, pyrs gksA vki Hkh jktk gksA vki Hkh ;g 'kku eglwl dj ldrs gks fd dYi igys vki tks Hkh cus Fks ml ckr dks ysdj ckck dks vki ls cgqr lkjh mEehnsa gSa

¹ liwr cuks vkSj lcwr fn[kkvks & djkaph 1940¹

ckck ds cPps dbZ ckj ckck ds lkFk #g#gku djus ds fy, djkaph esa bZd§s gqvk djrs FksA ,d vSlh gh #g#gku ds feyu ds nkSjku Lo&iq#"kkFkZ ds fo"k; dks ysdj fdlhus ckck dks ;g iwNk fd] ^ckck dks cPpksa ls fdl izdkj dh vis{kk;sa gSa \* ckck us mÙkj fn;k] ^ges'kk ;g nks 'kCn ;kn j[kuk & eq>s liwr cPpk cuuk gS vkSj ckck ds izfr Lo;a ds I;kj ,oe~ foÜokl dk lcwr nsuk gSA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh dHkh Hkh ;g nks 'kCnksaokyh vkKk dks Hkqyh ughaA xqtjrs oDr ds lkFk lkFk nknh Lp;a gh bl ckr dk lgt gh mnkgj.k cu xbZ dh liwr cPpk dSlk gksrk gS mUgksaus vFkd lsok ds nkSjku vius I;kj ,oe~ foÜokl ds lcwr dk gj iy lcdks n'kZu djk;kA

tc ge cPps ckck dh gj vkKk dks xaHkhjrk ls xzg.k djrs gSa vkSj yxu ds lkFk mldk okLrfod thou esa vH;kl djrs gSa rks ge Hkh Lor% gekjs I;kj ,oe~ foÜokl dk lcdks n'kZu djk ldrs gSaA tc ge lc vkKkvksa dks fcuk fdlh esgur vkSj csgn vkuan ds lkFk viuk cuk ysrs gSa rks ge uwru laLdkjksa dk flapu dj ldrs gSaA

¹ Kku dk fopkjlkxj eaaFku vfrfUå; vkuan dh vuqHkwfr djkrk gS & djkaph¹

'kq#vkr esaa ckck dks ;g cgqr gh ilan vkrk Fkk tc cPps Kku dk fopkjlkxj eaaFku vkSj vfrfUå; vkuan dk vuqHko fd;k djrs FksA bZlhfy, ckck dh eqjyh ds ckn nknh vkSj nwljh cguas vkil esa feydj cSBrh Fkh rkfd ml ij fparu dj lds vkSj ckck us tks KkujRu lquk;s ml ij eaFku djus ds fy, vkil esa #g#gku fd;k djrs FksA ,d ckj tc oks bZlh y{k dks ysdj vkil esa cSBs Fks vkSj I;kjh #g#gku dj jgs Fks_ mlh le; ds nkSjku DyhQVu ij lSj djus ds ckn ckck okfil vk igq¡ps FksA mUgksaus ns[kk fd fdl izdkj eqjyh ds vewY; jRuksa dk fopkjlkxj eaaFku djrs gq, lHkh ekSt ys jgs Fks !! ckck dks cgqr vkuan gqvk vkSj mUgksaus dgk] ^ehBs cPps] vkvks vki vfrfUå; vkuan esa gksA vkvks vkSj ckck ds lkFk >qyk >wyksA* ckck us nknh dk gkFk Fkkek vkSj vius lkFk fcBkdj lkFk esa >qyk >wyus dk vkuan ywVk;kA oks lqugjh ?kMh;k¡ cgqr gh vkuan dh Hkkoukvksa ls Hkjiwj Fkh !!

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

;gh vuqHko us nknh ds fny esa bZruh xgjh Nki NksM nh fd tc dHkh Hkh nknh >qyk ns[krh gS rks ckck ds lkFk >qyk >wyrs gq, tks vfrfUå; vkuan dh vuqHkwfr;k¡ gqbZ Fkh oks gh ?kMh;k¡ ;kn vk tkrh gSA oks tkurh gS fd eqjyh ds egkokD;ksa dk eaFku djuk fdruk egRoiw.kZ gSa vkSj mlls fdl izdkj vrjaxh vkuan dh mRIkfÙk gksrh gS !!!

eqjyh ds egkokD;ksa dk fopkjlkxj eaaFku djus dk ;gh vuqHko gekjs lkFk Hkh jgsA tc ge fopkjlkxj eaaFku djrs gSa rks rqjar gh ckck ds lkFk gekjh utnhfd;k¡ c< tkrh gSa vkSj ;gh vH;kl geesa gYdsiu vkSj vkuan dh Hkkoukvksa dks txkrk gSA


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¹;kn j[kks ;g ewY;oku laxe;qx dks vkSj is bZruh xgjh 'kkafr esa ys x;s vkSj vkius eqt vkRek dks vius I;kj ds izdaiuksa ls Hkjiwj dj fn;kA vc esjs fny esa dSls fdlh vkSj izÜuksa dk LFkku jg x;k \*

ckck us nknh dks ml fnu ojnku fn;k] ^;gh vkids lkFk lnk gksrk jgs] tks Hkh vkids lkeus vk;s oks vkils ehBh åf"V ikrs gh_ ckck dh ehBh ;kn ls Hkjiqj gks tk;s rkfd mlls oks Lo;a Hkh Hkjiqj gksus dh


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vuqHkwfr djs ,oe~ muds lkjs izÜuksa dk var vk tk;sA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

ml fnu ls ysdj leLr fo'o dh lsok djrs nknh us bZl fnO; ojnku ds okLrfod lcwr dk vuqHko fdlk gSA dbZ vkRek;sa viuk vuqHko crkrh gS fd tc oks nknh ds lax esa gksrs gSa rks mUgsa vkarfjd lqdwu] 'kkafr vkSj larks"k dk vuqHko gksrk gS vkSj mlesa muds lkjs izÜu fi?ky tkrs gSaA ;gh ckr ge lcdks ykxw gksrh gSA ftruk T;knk ge xgu 'kkafr vkSj ehBh ;kn dk vuqHko c


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czht dksBh dh clar cgkj


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&% czht dksBh dh clar cgkj %&

¹ eu&cqf¼ dh js[kk lnk Li"V jgs¹

,d ckj nknh us ;g eglwl fd;k fd dksbZ Qykuka O;fDr >wB cksy jgk gSA bZlfy, oks ckck dks ;g ckr crkus ds fy, xbZA ckck cksys] ^csVk] ;g vkidk dke ughsa gSaA vkidk QtZ gS flQZ [kqn dh vk¡[kks dks [kqn ij j[kukA vki vius eu dh ,oe~ cqf¼ dh js[kk ckck ds lkFk tqMh gqbZ j[kks vkSj vU; fdlh Hkh ckr ds fy, fpark u djksA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

vU; fdlh ds Hkh dkjksckj esa dHkh Hkh n[kyvank>h u djus ds fy, nknh ges'kk Lo;a ds izfr [kcjnkj jgrh gSA bZlds ckotwn oks 'kqHkHkkouk vkSj 'kqHk dkeuk ds lkFk lk{khå"Vk cudj jgus dk åf"Vfcanq cuk;s j[krh gSA

tc ge Hkh vxj ;g vPNh rjg ls le> ysrs gSa fd gdhdr esa ^gekjk dkjksckj* D;k gS vkSj D;k ugha gSa_ rks nqljksa ds fo"k; esa de n[kyvank>h dj ik;saxs vkSj T;knk ls T;knk Lo&iq#"kkFkZ ds Åij /;ku ns ik;saxsA bZldk ;gh vFkZ gS fd ge O;FkZ ladYiksa ds fcut#jh cgko dks jksd ik;saxs vkSj 'kqHkHkkouk ,oe~ 'kqHk dkeuk ds [ktkus dk T;knk laxzg dj ik;saxsA bZlds ckn gekjs eu dh ,oe~ cqf¼ dh js[kk Li"V jgsxh] ckck ds lkFk gekjk laca/k etcwr cusxk vkSj fo'olsok ds izfr ge ckck ds fufeÙk lsok/kkjh cu ldsaxsA

¹ lPps ;Kj{kd & czht dksBh 1950¹

djkaph NksM nsus ds ckn rFkk ekÅUV vkcw esa czht dksBh esa LFkk;h gksus ds ckn_ ;K esa vkthfodk ds fy, cgqr gh e;kZfnr lk/kulaink FkhA ,d ckj ;gh ßcsxjh ds nkSjÞ esa nknh dh rfc;r uklkt Fkh vkSj mUgsa vkjke dh t#jr FkhA Lo;a ds dejs esa esMhVs'ku djrs oDr nknh ds eu esa ,d vR;ar 'kfDr'kkyh ladYi mRiék gqvk og ;gh Fkk fd ^;K dh bZu dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds nkSj esa nknh dh ;K dks fdlh Hkh rjhds ls vkfFkZd #i ls lg;ksx nsus dh rhoz bZPNk*A

;g vuqHko ds iÜpkr rqjar gh ckck dks irk pyk fd nknh ds ykSfdd nknk muls feyus dh bZPNk ls czht dksBh ds jkLrs ij jokuk gks pqds gSaA ckck lSj ij tkus ds fy, fudyus gh okys Fks_ ijarq oks okfil eqMdj nknh ds dejs dh vkSj py fn;s vkSj nknh dks ;g ckr crkus igq¡ps fd muds nknk ogk¡ ij vk jgs gSaA ckck us nknh dks mudk Lokxr djus dks dgk vkSj lkFklkFk ÅUgsa ogk¡ ij #dus ds fy, fuea=.k nsus dks Hkh dgkA tc nknh ds nknkth vk;s rc nknh us mudk Lokxr fd;k vkSj cMs gh u'ks ds lkFk ÅUgsa ckck dk Kku Hkh lqukus yxhA oks ;g u;k cqf¼eÙkk laiék Kku ,oe~ u;s [k;kyksa ls laiék ckrksa dks cMh #fp ds lkFk Lohdkj dj jgs FksA tc ckck lSj djds okfil vk;s] oks nknh vkSj muds eqykdkrh ls feyus vk;sA tSls gh nknkth ckck ls feys_ og cgqr gh vkÜp;Zpfdr gks x;s----- tc ÅUgksaus ckck ds O;fDrRo ls csgn vykSfdd izdk'kiqat dks Nydrs gq, ns[kkA ;g eqykdkr cgqr gh izHkko'kkyh ,oe~ 'kfDr'kkyh Fkh vkSj tc muds nknkth muls fonk; ysusokys Fks ml iy mudh tsc esa tks 13 #i;s Fks oks ckck dks fn;sA ckck us mudh ;g HksaV dks Lohdkj fd;kA ckn esa 'kke


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nknh us lnSo Lo;a dks ckck ds ;K ds dY;k.k ds fy, fny dh xgjkbZ;ksa ls ftEesokj le>kA oks ftruk vkSj tks dqN Hkh gks lds mruk vkfFkZd #i ls lg;ksx nsus dk bZjknk mudk jgrk Fkk ,oe~ nqljksa dks Hkh og oSlk gh djus ds fy, vfHkiszfjr djrh FkhA ;gh /kU;okn ds Hkkoksa ds izdk'k esa] ge Hkh tks I;kj vkSj ikyuk ckck ds }kjk izkIr djrs gSa_ gedks Hkh ;g izsj.kk feyrh gS fd dSls ge ;K ds lPps j[kokys cudj jgsaA

¹ v'kjhjh cuks & czht dksBh¹

;K esa ,d nkSj vSlk Hkh Fkk tc czht dksBh esa dqN Hkh ughsa Fkk] [kkus ds fy, Hkh dqN ugha Fkk !! oks fnuksa dks ßcsxjh ds nkSjÞ ls tkuk tkrk gSA ckck ekmUV vkcw jkWd ds utnhd dh Vsdjh;ksa ij cPpksa dks vius lkFk lqcg esa ys tk;k djrs Fks vkSj gjsd dks cgqr gh 'kfDr'kkyh åf"V nsrs FksA ckck us funsZ'k fn;k] ^v'kjhjh cu tkvks_ mijke pys tkvks] fQj vkidks dqN Hkh u gksus dh vuqHkwfr gh ugha gksxhA vki ml vfrfUå; lq[k dh vuqHkwfr;ksa esa [kks tkvksxsA vkidks ;g eglwl gksxk fd vki ckck ds }kjk ;gk¡ ij vorfjr gq, gks] vki flQZ lsok ds fy, gh ;gk¡ ij gksA*

ml vuqHko ds ckn nknh us ;gh y{k j[kk fd nsg vkSj nsg dh desZfUå;ksa ls mijke & ^eq>s v'kjhjh voLFkk dk cgqr gh xgu vuqHko fodflr djuk gSA* mUgksa us okLrfod #i ls ;g vuqHko fd;k fd flQZ lsok ds fy, ßoks mij ls vorfjrÞ gqbZ gSaA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

tc ge v'kjhjh cuus ds vH;kl dks fodflr djrs gSa rks gesa laiékrk dh vuqHkfr gksrh gS vkSj ;gk¡ ds vYidkyhu xq#Rokd"kZ.k dh cy'kkyh lhekvksa dk vkdZ"k.k dHkh ughsa gksrk gSA lc bZPNk;sa vkf[kjdkj lekIr gks tkrh gSA

¹ fdruk foÜokl vkSj I;kj& czht dksBh¹

,d ckj nknh czht dksBh esa cSBh FkhA oks chekj Fkh vkSj dqN Hkh [kkus ;k ihus ds fy, v{ke FkhA lqcg esa ckck mudks ns[kus ds fy, vk;sA igys mUgksa us åf"V nh vkSj fQj mlds ckn nknh dks yky dsyk vkSj e[[ku f[kyk;kA nknh us mldks cgqr gh Hkkouk ds lkFk Lohdkj fd;k_ ;gh iDds fu'p; dks j[krs gq, fd ckck tks dqN Hkh nasxsa mldh gh vko';drk ml le; gksrh gks vkSj lcdqN Bhd gks tk;sxkA ;gh foÜokl ds lkFk ckck dks og f[kykus nsrh jgh vkSj mudks dkQh csgrj gksus dh vuqHkwfr Hkh gqbZ !!!!!

Ckkck muls fonk; ysrs oDr ;gh dgrs gq, x;s fd oks lSj ds fy, ckgj tk jgs gSaA tc ckck lSj djds okfil ykSVs rks mUgksa us nknh dks dgk]^csVk] vkidks ckc ds lkFk Hkkstu Lohdkj djuk gSA* nknh us dgk] ^gk¡ th] ckck !* D;ksafd oks vo'; ;g tkurh Fkh fd ckck mUgas tks dqN Hkh f[kyk;saxas oks ,d tknqbZ nokbZ ds #i esa dke djsxkA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

Ckkck gekjk lkFkh Hkh gS vkSj mlds lkFk ckck gekjs fy, ,d ltZu Hkh gSA nknh dks ;gh foÜokl Fkk bZlfy, mudk vuqHko Hkh dqN bZl izdkj dk jgrk FkkA tc gekjk I;kj vkSj foÜokl iDdk gks tkrk gS rc ge Hkh ckck ds lgkjs & fcekjh;k¡ vkSj vU; dbZ ,Slh gh eqf'dykrsa & eqf'dy ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ls vklkuh ls vkxs fudy tkrs gSaA

¹ e[[ku vkSj vke dk Qy & gj cPps ds fy, ckck dh [kkl nokbZ & czht dksBh¹

czht dksBh esa tc dHkh Hkh dksbZ cPpk [kkl djds chekj gksrk Fkk_ ckck dgrs]^mUgsa e[[ku vkSj


12

vke f[kykvksA* ckck ;g [kqjkd bZruk I;kj vkSj 'kfDr ds lkFk nsrs fd oks ,d nokbZ dk dke dj nsrk FkkA nnhZ;ksa dh ;K esa laHkky j[kus ds fy, nknh ,d ulZ gksus dk Hkh ikVZ ctk;k djrh FkhA ckck ds funsZ'kksa dk ikyu djrs gq,_ nnhZ;kssa dks nknh vke vkSj e[[ku nsrh FkhA ,d ckj vke vkSj e[[ku nknh ckck ds ikl ys vkbZ_ ;gh lksprs gq, fd ckck mUgsa igys p[kdj ns[kasxasA ckck cksys]^ugha csVk] ckck us [kkl ;g vkidks ml vkRek ds fy, gh ykus dks cksyk FkkA ;g flQZ vke vkSj e[[ku ughs gS_ cfYd ;g rks ml vkRek ds fy, nokbZ gSA* tks dqN Hkh ftl vkRek dks vko';d gks_ ckck mldks ml 'kfDr ls Hkjiqj dj nsrs FksA ckck ds ;gh mnkgj.k us nknh dks ;g ckr fl[kk fn;k fd tc fdlh [kkl vkRek ds fy, dqN Hkh rS;kj dj jgs gks rks fdl rjg ls 'kq¼ bZjknk j[kuk gS vkSj lkFk esa f'kockck dh ;kn dks Hkh j[kuk gksrk gSA

tc bZlh izdkj nknh nqljh ckj ulZ dk ikVZ ctk jgh Fkh_ ckck us ml oDr Hkh vkKk nhA tc ,d O;fDr chekj Fkh rks ckck us mlds fy, ?kj esa gh cus gq, mipkj dks nsus dk lq>ko fn;k tks fd nokbZ dk dke djsA oks vkRek mlls larq"V ughsa gqbZA mldks ;g yxk fd oks ?kjsyq mipkj dh rS;kjh t#jr ds eqrkfcd ugha gqbZ Fkh bZlfy, oks mlds fy, i;kZIr ughsa FkkA ckck us dgk] ^ckck dk lykglwpu rHkh gh dke djsxk tc cPps dks 100 ø mlesa foÜokl gksA vxj cPps dks ;g eglwl gksrk gS fd mldks MksDVj dh t#jr gS rks fQj MksDVj dks vkus nsuk eatwj gSA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh us ;g eglwl fd;k fd ckck ds ;K dk Hkkstu ghyhax djus ds le`¼ rRoksa ls Hkjiwj gksrk gSA tc Hkh ge ckck dk Hkksx ;k Hkkstu & idk jgs gSa ;k mls Lohdkj djrs gSa rks ml oDr gesa mlds fnO; 'kfDr laiék gksus dh ckr dks Lo;a dh tkx`fr esa j[kuk gSA


13

ve`rlj dk ve`r dy"k


14

&% ve`rlj dk ve`r dy"k %&

¹ ckck ds Lo#i] y{k.k ,oe~ deksZ dk vuqlj.k djuk & ve`rlj¹

ve`rosyk ds ckn esa vkSj izkr% eqjyh ds igys & ckck eqjyh ds ckjs esa eaFku fd;k djrs FksA tc ,d ckj nknh ve`rlj esa FkhA ckck us nknh dks dgk] ^eq>s ;g foÜokl gS fd gj jkst lqcg esa vki eqjyh dk eaFku djrs gksA* ml oDr nknh dks ;g vH;kl dh vknr ugha FkhA nknh us dgk] ^ckck] eq>dks lh[kuk gS fd oks dSls fd;k tkrk gSA*

mlds ckn nknh us ckck dk psgjk vkSj dkYifud izfrek dks viuh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus j[krs gq,_ ve`rosyk ds ckn esa vkSj izkr% eqjyh ds igys eqjyh ij eaFku djuk 'kq# fd;kA oDr ds lkFk lkFk ;gh vH;kl us ckck ds O;fDrRo dks T;knk ls T;knk olsZ ds #i esa izkIr djus esa nknh dks enn dhA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

;gh f'k{kk gesa Hkh ykxw gksrh gSA gj jkst ve`rosyk ds ckn esa ge ckck dk psgjk vkSj mudh izfrHkk dks Lo;a ds lkeus j[kdj] muds gh lax esa eqjyh dk eaFku dj ldrs gSaA bZl rjg ge eqjyh ij fopkj lkxj eaFku djus dk & ckck ds laLdkj dk olkZ izkIr dj ldrs gSa ,oe~ muds Qfj'rk Lo#i O;fDrro dks Hkh Lo;a esa lek ldrs gSaA

¹ lk{kh å"Vk cuuk ,oe~ ldk'k nsuk & ve`rlj¹

,d ckj nknh tc ve`rlj esa Fkh rc ckck ogk¡ dh eqykdkr ysus vk;s FksA ,d ekrkth tks mlds ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds lkFk tks dqN Hkh gks jgk Fkk] tks fd Kku esa ugha Fks ml ckr dks ysdj cgqr gh nq%[kh FkhA oks ekrkth tc ckck ds ikl vkbZ] ckck muls eqykdkr ds fy, mlds ikl cSBsA ckck ls mldh eqykdkr laiék gks tkus ds ckn] ml ekrk ds nq%[k dks ns[krs gq, nknh ckck ds ikl xbZ vkSj muls iwNk] ^ckck] D;k eSa dqN enn d#¡ \ D;k eSa dqN dj ldrh gw¡ \* ckck us nknh dh vkSj ns[kk fQj dgk] ^dHkh dHkh] ;gh csgrj gksrk gS fd ge flQZ vfyIr jgsa & ,d lk{khå"Vk & vkSj jgefny gksdj d#.kke;h Hkkoukvksa ds lkFk dqN ;ksxnku nsA*

nknh lk{kh gksdj ns[krh jgh fd ml ekrkth ls eqykdkr ds ckn 'kkafriw.kZ fLFkfr esa_ ckck dSls laiw.kZr;k fueksZgh jgrs gq, ogh xgu 'kkarfpÙk eqåk esa vkxs c


15

¹ cPpksa ls feyu eukus ds fy, lnk rS;kj& iatkc@ e/kqcu¹

nknh iatkc ls ckck ds dqNsd cPpksa dks vius lkFk ysdj e/kqcu esa vkbZ Fkh rkfd oks lHkh igyh ckj e/kqcu dks ns[k ldsA oks lHkh 'kke dks cgqr gh nsjh ls igq¡psA gjsd dks viuk viuk dejk feyk vkSj lc LFkk;h gq,A mrus esa gh nknh rks ckck dks vfHkoknu djus ds fy, igq¡p xbZA nknh dks ns[krs gh ckck us ,d ehBh eqLdku ds lkFk mudk Lokxr fd;kA nknh us ckck dks voxr djk;k fd u;s cPps vk;s gq, gSa ftuls ckck lqcg esa gh fey ik;saxsA ckck dks mu ij bZruk I;kj meM vk;k fd mu lcls oks mlh le; ij feyuk pkgrs FksA

fQj ckck us mUgsa vius dejs esa cqyk;k vkSj cgqr gh då ds lkFk muls ckrsa djuk 'kq# fd;kA oks ;gh iwNrs jgs fd lQj dSlk jgk] oks lc lkekU; #i ls D;k djrs gSa oxSjg oxSjg-----

ckck dks fugkjrs gq, nknh ds fny dks ;gh lc ckrsa Li'kZ dj xbZ fd fdlh dks Hkh fdlh Hkh ckr ds fy, e'ojk nsus ds igys_ fdl rjg ckck gjsd vkRekdh O;fDrxr fLFkfr esa Hkh #fp j[kdj muls O;ogkj dj jgs Fks !! ckck ls mudh ;g vn~Hkqr #gkuh fpVpSV lqcg ds ,d cts rd laiék gqbZ !! tc mUgksaus ogk¡ ls fonk; yh rc nknh dks ckck us dgk]^tc cPps ;gk¡ ij vkrs gSa_ ckck mudh lsok ds fy, lnSo gkftj gSA ckck ;g ughsa ns[krs gSa fd vHkh fnu gS ;k jkr gS !!*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh us [kqn ;g lk{kh gksdj ns[kk fd tc t#jr gks rc ckck cPpksa ds fy, le; nsus dk fdruk egRo gksrk gSA bZlfy, oks ges'kk /;ku j[krh gS fd vSlh fo'ks"k lsok ds fy, oks lnk gkftj jgsA tc Hkh ekSdk vk;s rc ckck ds cPpksa dh lsok djus ds fy, ge Hkh ckck ,oe~ nknh ds ;gh mnkgj.k dk vuqlj.k djsaA fnu gks ;k jkr dk le; mldh dksbZ ckr ugha_ lsok ds ekSds dk lgh le; ij lgh izfrHkko nsus ls ge lcds dY;k.k djus ds fufeÙk cu ldrs gSaA

¹ ik¡o esa ik;y ds lkFk ukpuk & eqacbZ] ve`rlj¹

nknh tc ,d ckj e?kqcu esa Fkh] ml nkSjku ckck eqacbZ esa FksA rc nknh us ,d cgqr gh yksdilan fgUnh ewoh ds xhr ß>ud >ud ik;y cktsÞ ds ckjs esa ckck ls ,d i= ik;kA oks cgqr gh fo'ks"k xhr Fkk ftlesa lqanj lwj] rky vkSj laxhr dk vn~Hkqr leUo; FkkA ckck us fy[kk Fkk] ^csVk] eSaus ;g xhr lquk vkSj eq>s irk gS fd lPpkbZ esa ;g xhr rqEgkjs fy, gSaA esjh tud] tks fd Kku ds ?kw¡?k#¡ ik¡o esa ck¡/kdj ukprh jgrh gS vkSj nqljkas dks Hkh upkrh jgrh gSaA* fQj ckn esa nknh tc ve`rlj] iatkc esa lsok dj jgh Fkh rc ckck ds bZlh LoIu dks tks mUgksaus nknh ds izfr ik;k Fkk mldks fny gh fny esa nksgjkdj nknh cgqr cgqr iqyfdr gksrh jgrh FkhA ckck us ;g Hkh fy[kk Fkk ] ^vki ßtudÞ ds uke ls rc iqdkjs tkvksxs tc vkius 12 vSlh dqekjh;ksa dks rS;kj fd;k gks tks fd ckck dks leZfir gksA* ml oDr nknh cgqr lkjh vkRekvksa dh lsok ds fy, fufeÙk cuh FkhA g"kZ dh ckr ;g Hkh Fkh fd mlesa 12 dqekjh;k¡ Hkh 'kkfey Fkh ftUgksaus Lo;a dks ckck ds fy, leZfir fd;k vkSj viuk thou lsok ds uke lkSai fn;kA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh dks gj fnu ;g u'kk jgrk gS fd Kku ds ?kw¡?k#¡okyh ik;y ik¡oksa esa igukdj ckck mUgsa gj fnu upkrk gS_ vkSj fQj nqljksa dks Hkh upkus ds dkfcy cukrk gSA ftlls lcdks vkuan vkSj lq[k feyrk gSA

ge Hkh tc Kku ds ?kw¡?k#¡okyh ik;y ik¡oksa esa ck¡/kdj Mkal esa tqV tkrs gSa_ ckck gesa Hkh ;kn djrs gSaA oks gels ftxjh I;kj vkSj fny dh xgjkbZ;ksa ls lEeku nsdj gels ckr djrs gSaA


16

iwuk dh iqjokbZ


17

&% iwuk dh iqjokbZ %&

¹ ij[kus dh 'kfDr & iwuk 1950¹

lsok ds fy, nknh iwuk esa FkhA mUgksaus ogk¡ ls ckck dks ;g crkus ds fy, i= fy[kk fd cgqr vkRek;sa vk jgh gS vkSj oks lHkh Kku dks vPNh rjg ls le> jgh gSA ckck us izR;qÙkj fn;kA ftlesa ckck us ;gh fy[kk Fkk---- ^vSlk vlaHko gS fd cgqr lkjs u;s fo|kFkhZ;ksa us gdhdr esa Kku dks le> fy;k gSA* nknh us ckck ls fQj iwNk] ^ckck] eSa ;g dSls tku¡w fd fdlus gdhdr esa Kku dks le>k gS \* ckck dk mÙkj igsyhuqek FkkA mUgksaus dgk] ^csVk] ;g ?kksf"kr dj nks fd dy ls ysdj ;gk¡ eqjyh Dykl ughsa gksxkA lqcg esa njoktk er [kksyuk vkSj fQj ns[kuk fd d;k gksrk gS !!!*

nknh us ckck ds funsZ'kksa dk ikyu fd;k vkSj Dykl esa ;g crk fn;k fd dy ls ysdj ;gk¡ ij eqjyh Dykl ughsa gksxkA lqcg esa nsj rd njoktk ugha [kksyk vkSj dkQh nsj ds ckn tc mUgksaus njoktk [kksyk rks nknh ds vk'p;Z dh lhek u jgh D;ksafd ,d HkkbZ ngyht ij gh cSBk gqvk FkkA nknh us muls iwNk] ^vki ;gk¡ D;k dj jgs gks \* mlus tokc fn;k] ^eq>s irk gS fd LFkkIuk dk dk;Z] eqjyh Dykl esa ius esa 'kfDreku gks xbZA nknh ds izfrHkko rqjar gh FkksMs cgqr O;FkZ dks u>jvankt djrs gq, cMh Li"Vrk ,oe~ lknxh ls dSls fu'kkus ij rhj yxk;k tk;s vSls leFkZ cu x;s gSaA

Ckkck vkSj nknh ds ;gh mnkgj.k gesa izsfjr djrs gSa fd dSls vius y{k esa Li"V jgs] vius rFkk lkFkh vkRekvksa ds fny vkSj fnekx esa D;k jgrk gS mldh ij[k djsa ,oe~ bZl #gkuh Kku ds izfr gekjh izfrfdz;k;sa dSlh gksuh pkfg, mlds fy, dSls ekxZizn'kZuk djsaA

¹ Hkkouk% fny ls 'kq¼ I;kj dh Hkkouk;sa & iwuk] eqacbZ 1958¹

dHkh dHkh ckck eqacbZ dh eqykdkr ysus ds fy, vk tk;k djrs FksA iwuk tgk¡ ij nknh lsok ij ekStwn gksrh Fkh] ogk¡ ls eqacbZ Vsªu }kjk igq¡p tkus esa djhcu flQZ 4 gh ?kaVs dk oDr yxrk FkkA bZlfy, tc Hkh nknh dks ;g lekpkj lquus dks feyrk Fkk fd eqacbZ dh eqykdkr ysus ds fy, tkusokys gSa rks nknh [kqn Hkh iwuk ls eqacbZ tkus dh ;kstuk cukrh FkhA bZruk mudk ckck ds izfr I;kj Fkk !!! mruk gh ughs ijarq nknh fof'k"V izdkj ds fofHkék [kk| idokuksa dks cukrh Fkh vkSj [kkl O;atuks dks Hkh ckck ds fy, ysdj tkrh FkhA gj dksbZ O;atu bZruk I;kj vkSj fny dh Hkkoukvksa ls cuk;k gqvk gksrk Fkk !! fQj oks Vsªu }kjk eqacbZ igq¡p tkus 4 gh ?kaVs dh ;k=k ds fy, jokuk gksrh FkhA lkekU;r;k oks lqcg esa 8 cts iwuk ls fudyrh Fkh vkSj nksigj esa Hkkstu ds oDr rd eqacbZ igq¡p tkrh FkhA


18

ckck us nknh ds vSls I;kj dks [kkl HkksT; inkFkZ ,oe~ O;atuks oxSjg }kjk vfHkO;Dr djus ds rjhds dks cgqr gh ewY; iznku fd;kA ckck [kq'kh [kq'kh lc HkkbZvksa vkSj cguksa dks fuea=.k nsrs Fks] ;gh dgrs gq,----- ^vkt tud csVk yap ysdj vk jgh gS !! vkvks] gekjs lkFk mldks Lohdkj djusA*

gj jkst yap ds ckn] nw/k esa ls cuh gqbZ ehBkbZ tks fd îsaMk* ds uke ls tkuh tkrh gS_ ckck mldks xzg.k fd;k djrs FksA ,d ckj yap ds ckn] nknh Hkh ckck ds lkFk ogha muds dejs esa FkhA bZlfy, nknh dks Hkh îsaMk* dh ehBkbZ [kkus dks feyhA nknh us ;g ns[kk fd fdl izdkj ;g NksVh lh ehBkbZ dks ckck ilan djrs gSa !!! mlh fnu ls ysdj nknh us ;g ckr ges'kk r; j[kh fd gj lrxq# okj dks ogh ehBkbZ ckck dks Hkksx esa vo'; Lohdkj djkbZ tk;sA viuh Hkkoukvksa dks ckck ds izfr O;Dr djus dk nknh dk ;gh vuks[kk vankt FkkA vkt ds fnu Hkh yaMu esa] nqljh ehBkbZ;ksa ds lkFk îsaMk* dh ehBkbZ dks Hkh lrxq# okj dks Hkksx esa lekfo"V dh tkrh gSA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

viuh ftxjh I;kj ls Hkjiwj Hkkoukvksa dks ckck ds izfr O;Dr djus dk ,d Hkh ekSdk nknh us dHkh vius gkFk ls NwVus ugha fn;k gS] mudh Hkkouk;sa vkSj I;kj bZruk egku gS !! ckck ds izfr mudh bZruh Hkkouk;sa] fny dh vlhe xgjkbZ;ksa ls Hkjiwj gSa !! ;gh Hkkouk;sa mudks ckck ds cgqr cgqr djhc j[krh gSA mudh vkRek ds fy, ;gh vH;kl xgjs l'kfDrdj.k dk L=ksr cu xbZ gSaA

nknh ds ifo= I;kj ls Hkjiwj Hkkouk;sa gesa Hkh vSlh gh Hkkoukvksa dh vfHko`f¼ djus ds fy, vkSj mu Hkkoukvksa dh ikyuk ge djrs jgs rFkk ;gh Hkkouk;sa c


19

us dgk] ^vxj vki ^Mªkek* ij fo'okl djrs gks rks ;g #gkuh ;k=k esa oks cgqr gh enn djsxkA*

nknh us fQj ls ckck ls I;kjHkjh åf"V yhA ml iy nknh us eglwl fd;k fd ^Mªkek* lnSo dY;k.kdkjh gksrk gS tc fd gesa rqjar gh og fpUg Li"V jhfr ls pkgs fn[kkbZ u Hkh ns jgs gks !!

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh ^Mªkek* esa lnSo fo'okl j[krh gS vkSj ^QwyLVksi* (iw.kZfojke) dks Hkh bZ[rh;kj djrh gSA ge Hkh vSlk djus ds fy, izsfjr gksrs gSaA ^Mªkek* esa fo'okl j[krs gq, ge gYdsiu ds lkFk vkxs cs vkids ik¡oks dks xjekgV nsus nhft,_ vkids iSjks dks ekyh'k djus nhft,A vkidks tks Hkh Fkdku bZruk nwj rd pydj igq¡pus esa gqbZ gS_ eSa mls vHkh gh nwj dj nsrk gw¡A* mUgksaus dgk] ^ugha ughaa ckck] vkidk I;kj gh dkQh gSA ge tjk Hkh Fkds ughsa gSaA vkils feyrk gqvk izdk'k] ldk'k vkSj 'kfDr lkjs jkLrsHkj esa gekjs lkFk gh FkkA* ysfdu fQj Hkh mu lHkh dks fcBk;k] mudks lgqfy;r nh vkSj vkjke igq¡pk;kA oks bZruk u lqdwu vkSj pSu ls Hkjk vkjkenk;d vuqHko Fkk fd mu lcdh vk¡[ks vk¡lqvksa ls Hkj vkbZ !!! mudks cl ;g ,d gh [k;ky Fkk% ^ckck] vkids bZrus egku I;kj dk cnyk ge D;k djds vkidks pqdk;sa\\*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

cPpksa dh å


20

¹ Kku dh [kqjkd dks rS;kj djuk & iwuk¹

,d ckj nknh tc iwuk esa Fkh_ rc ckck ogk¡ dh eqykdkr ysus ds fy, vk;s FksA ve`rosyk ds ckn lqcg esa] nknh ckck ds ikl fnuHkj ds dk;Zdze ds ckjs esa iwNus ds fy, xbZA ckck us cgqr gh xgjh vkSj xgu 'kkafr Lo#i dh fLFkfr esa nknh ls ckr dh vkSj nknh ls dgk] ^csVk] eSa lc cPpksa dh ek¡ gw¡A oks losjs dk gh le; gksrk gS tc eSa cPpksa ds fy, Kku dk eaFku djus cSBrk gw¡----- eSa cPpksa ds fy, Kku dh [kqjkd cukrk gw¡A lc cPpksa ds fy,] lkjs fnuHkj ds ;ksX; ikyuk dk [ktkuk & lqcg 5 cts ls ysdj 6 cts rd ckck us tks Kku dh [kqjkd cukbZ gqbZ gksrh gS mlesa ls vkrk gSA* ;g ?kVuk us nknh dks cgqr gh ehBh ehBh I;kj laiék Hkkoukvksa ls Hkj fn;kA

mlh fnu ls ysdj] nknh us ;gh vH;kl dks ,d vuq'kklu ds #i es fodflr fd;kA ve`rosyk ds ckn lqcg esa] nknh ges'kk Kku dk eaFku djrh gSa vkSj ;g oks gh eaFku gksrk gS ftldks oks vius Dykl ds }kjk lcdks crkrh gSA bZlh rjg] nknh us cgqr gh {kerk dk fodkl fd;k gSA ;g le`¼ [kqjkd dks Lo;a ds fy, ipkuk] mruk gh ugha bZl [kqjkd dks nqljkas dks ck¡Vus dh lsok esa Hkh yxkukA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

tc ge ;gh vH;kl dks thou esa viukrs gSa rks gesa ;g irk pysxk fd Kku ds bZUgha iks"kd ladYiksa ls gekjh fdl izdkj ls vSlh gh ikyuk gksrh gS !! ge lkjs fnu Hkj esa l'Dr vkSj lsok djus ;ksX; jg ik;saxaas ,oe~ nqljksa dh lsok djds mUgsa Hkh oSlk gh l{ke cuk ik;saxsaA


21

eqacbZ dh e/kq'kkyk


22

&% eqacbZ dh e/kq'kkyk %&

¹ Lo;a ds izfr Hkxoku dk tks LoIu gS_ mldks fujarj Le`fr esa j[kuk & eqacbZ¹

eqacbZ esa 'kkjhfjd åf"V ls nknh fcYdqy gh Bhd eglwl ughs dj jgh FkhA oks ckYduh ds ikl [kMh jgdj lkxj dh mBrh epyrh gqbZ ygjksa dks ns[k jgh Fkh dqN vleatl vkSj lk/kkj.k jhfr ds lksp ds lkFk] ;gh fd---- ßeq>s ;g irk ughsa fd esjk jksy D;k gks ldrk gS \ eq>s ;g Hkh ughsa irk fd dHkh eSa ckck dks lg;ksxh cu Hkh ldrh gw¡ ;k ughsa !!\ esjh rfc;r rks Bhd ugha-----!\\Þ

fQj Hkh] Mªkek dk nqljk vn~Hkqr å'; mlds rqjar ckn gh djoV ysus yxk FkkA nknh us vpkud gh ,d dksey] I;kjHkjs gkFkksa dk Li'kZ vius da/kks ij eglwl fd;kA tc nknh us viuk #[k iyVk ;g tkuus ds fy, fd og dkSu gS----!! nknh dks rks ;g csgn gh vpjt gqvk tc mUgksaus viuk eq[k eksMdj ns[kk rks Lo;a ckck dks gh ogk¡ ik;k !! ckck us gkSys ls iwNk] ^csVk] D;k lksp jgs gks \\\* fcuk fdlh Hkh izdkj ds mÙkj dh vis{kk fd;s] mUgksaus cksyuk pkyw gh j[kk] ^D;k vkidks ;g ;kn ugha gS fd vkidk Hkfo"; vkSj HkkX; nksuksa gh Lo;a Hkxoku ds gkFkksa esa gSa] vkSj Hkxoku vkidks cgqr gh Å¡ph fuxkgksa ls vkidks cgqr cgqr gh Å¡ps LFkku vkSj fLFkfr ds mij vkidks fojkteku gqvk ns[krs gSa\\ lnk ;gh Å¡ps u'ks esa gh jgksA Hkxoku dk lcls Å¡pk LoIu (oh>u) tks vkids izfr gSa mldk dHkh voewY;u (vUMj,LVhesV) ugha djks ;k dHkh mlls uhph ckr dks lkspks Hkh ughaA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

rc ls ysdj nknh ;gh lnk dgrh gS] ßeSa dHkh thou esa ihNs eqMdj ns[krh ughs gw¡ vkSj uk gh dHkh lk/kkj.k ;k uhpk Lo;a ds fo"k; esa lksprh gw¡A eSa lnk ;gh foÜokl j[krh gw¡ fd Lo;a Hkxoku esjs izfr lcls Å¡pk LoIu (oh>u) latks;s gq, gSaA nknh dks ;gh eglwl gksrk gS fd ;gh ckr ls nknh dh cgqr lkjh ijh{kkvksa dks µ 'kkjhfjd fcekjh] mez dk rdk>k vkSj lkFk lkFk lsok esa c


23

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

ml fnu ls ysdj vkt fnu rd] nknh us ;gh y{k j[kk gS fd ßnqljksa dks f[kykus ds igysÞ µ ;kfu nqljksa dh lsok fd;s fcuk oks dHkh Hkh Lo;a dks [kkuk ugha f[kyk;sxhA czkã.k vkRekvksa dks lcls T;knk ykHk rc gh gksrk gS tc ge ;K ls ikyuk ysrs gq, nqljksa dks Lo;a dh fo'ks"krkvksa dk nku nsA ;gh vH;kl gesa Hkxoku ls iz'kalk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh cukrk gS vkSj lkFk gh gesa Lo;a dh 'kku dk gYdkiu Hkh eglwl djkrk gSA

¹ lsok dh vk/kkjf'kyk & Hkfo"; dk LoIu (oh>u) n'kZu vkSj fo'okl & eqacbZ] 1960 dh 'kq#vkr esaa¹

tc ckck vkSj nknh nksuksa gh eqacbZ esa Fks_ rc ckck us nknh dks iwNk fd D;k oks ^yhFkks* e'khu ds ckjs esa tkurh gSa tks f dksih> cukus esa dke vkrk gS\ ckck ;g e'khu ds ckjs esa #fp j[k jgs Fks_ D;kasfd mldh enn ls eqjyh dh dkQh izr ;kfu dksih> cuk ldrs gSa vksSj fQj mls e/kqcu ds ckgj ds LFkkuksa ij Hkst fn;k tk ldsA nknh ^yhFkks* e'khu dk flQZ uke tkurh Fkh_ ijarq mlls T;knk mudks dqN irk ugha FkkA bZlfy, eqjyh dks gkFk esa Fkkes gq, oks cktkj dh vkSj py iMhA ogk¡ ij] vkf[kjdkj fdlhus mUgsa ,d nqdku dh pkSFkh eaf>y ij tkus dk fn'kklwpu fd;k vkSj ogk¡ ij mUgksaus fdlhdks ^yhFkks* e'khu ds lkFk ik;kA nqdkunkj us fcuk fdlh Hkh nke ds eqjyh dh 100 dksih> lsEiy ds #i esa cukdj nknh dks fn;kA fQj nknh okfil vkbZ vkSj ckck dks mUgksaus D;k D;k gqvk og crk;kA ckn esa] mUgksaus ;K ds fy, ^yhFkks* e'khu [kjhn djus dh O;oLFkk dh rkfd mldh enn ls ckck ds utnhd vkSj nwj ds lsokdsUåksa ij lHkh dks izhUVsM eqjyh izkIr gks ldsA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh us ;g lh[kk fd tc dHkh Hkh ckck dh lsok dh ckr vkrh gS rks tks Hkh ubZ ubZ lqfo/kk;sa izkIr gksrh gS mldks lh[kuk ,d vPNh ckr gh gksrh gS rFkk ;g Hkh fo'okl cuk;s j[kuk gksrk gS fd ckck dh lsokvksa ds fy, tks dqN Hkh vko';d gksxk og le; ij fey gh tk;sxkA mlds lkFk lkFk vko';d lqfo/kkvksa ds fy, vkfFkZd vuqnku dh Hkh O;oLFkk gks gh tkrh gSA ;gh fo'okl vkSj LoIu (oh>u) ds lkFk nknh dks ckck dh lsok ds fy, fo'o lsok esa tknqbZ rjhds ls vusd volj izkIr djus ds dbZ vuqHko gq, gSaA vkt] ckck dh lsaok ds fy, cgqr gh l{ke izdkj dh lqfo/kk;sa miyC/k gSaA ge lcdks ,d Li"V LoIu (oh>u) dks cukdj j[kuk gSa vkSj lexz euq"; tkfr dh lsok ds fy,_ izkIr loZ lk/kuksa dks bZLrseky djus ds rjhds Hkh


24

vgenkckn ds vk¡xu esa


25

&% vgenkckn ds vk¡xu esa %&

¹ firkJh ds 'kq¼ 'kCnksa ds izfr I;kj & vgenkckn] 1966¹

Ckkck ds vkns'k vuqlkj] nknh iwuk ls vgenkckn esa u;k lsokdsUå [kksyus ds fy, vkbZA ckn esa tc oks e/kqcu dh eqykdkr ysus ds fy, xbZ rc ckck us mudks iwNk] ^D;k vgenkckn esa lc dqN Bhd gS uk \* u;k u;k lsokdsUå gksus ds dkj.k /khjs /khjs lc dqN Bhd gks jgk Fkk vkSj nknh Hkh Bhd gh FkhA nknh us dgk] ^,d [kkl pht dh deh dks oks eglwl dj jgh gS ---- oks pht gS ckck dh eqjyh dks lquus ds fy, VsijsdksMZjA* tc ls oks iwuk esa Fkh rc ls gj jkst lqcg esa ckck dh ehBh vkokt lquus dh nknh dks vknr FkhA bZlfy, nknh us crk;k] ^eSa vkidks gj jkst eqjyh lqukrs gq, ughsa lqu ldrh g¡wA eq>s vSlk yx jgk gS tSls fd eSa rhljs uacj esa g¡wA* (mu fnuksa esa ckck dks ;gh dgus dh vknr Fkh fd vxj vki e/kqcu esa ckck ls izR;{k #i esa eqjyh lqurs gSa rks vki igys uacj esa gksA vxj vki ckck dh vkokt dks VsijsdksMZj ds }kjk lqurs gks rks vki nqljs uacj esa gks vkSj vxj vki lsokdsUå esa eqjyh i


26

^vki xqykc dk ,d Qqy ykbZ gks ijarq ckck dks rks iwjk gh xqynLrk pkfg,A*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

Ckkck nknh dks ;gh ckr ;kn fnyk jgs Fks fd lsok esa dHkh Hkh larq"V gksdj cSB ughsa tkuk gS vkSj ;gh fouarh dj jgs Fks fd lsok esa gj nqljs dne esa lnk csgn dk å"; idMdj j[kukA gesa Hkh lsok esa dHkh larq"V gksdj cSB ughsa tkuk gS ijarq ckck ds lc cPpsa vius firk dks


27

e/kqcu dh egsad


28

&% e/kqcu dh egsad %&

¹ v"V jRuksa esa ls ,d jRu cuuk & ;gh å< fu'p; gks & 1960 ds e/; Hkkx esa fgLVªh gksy] e/kqcu¹

gj jkst lqcg esa 9 cts ds djhc czãk ckck dh uk'rk djus dh fnup;kZ gksrh FkhA mlds ckn oks cPpksa }kjk vk;s gq, lkjs i=ksa dk tokc fy[kus ds fy, vksfQl esa tk;k djrs FksA vkSj 10%30 cts ds djhc oks lSj ij tk;k djrs FksA

,d fnu lqcg esa nknh fdlh ckr dks ysdj nknh ckck ls e'ojk djuk pkgrh FkhA mUgksaus ckck dks ;gk¡ ogk¡ lc txg ij ns[kk] ijarq oks dgha Hkh u feysA vkf[kjdkj nknh fgLVªh gksy rd tk igq¡phA mUgksaus ns[kk fd f[kMdh;k¡ v/k[kqyh FkhA mRlqDrko'k nknh us f[kMdh;ksa ls Hkhrj >k¡ddj ns[kkA

nknh us D;k ik;k \ nknh us ns[kk oks ,d vn~Hkqr vkSj csuewu å'; FkkA ckck !! vdsys vdsys ml dejs esa ijekuan dh eLrh esa eLr exu gksdj ukp jgs Fks !! fny dks vkuan dh m"ek ls Hkj nsusokyh ygjsa nknh rd meM vkbZA;g u>kjk ns[kdj nknh dh vk¡[ks Hkh pedus yxh vkSj nknh vius vkidks o'k esa ugha j[k ikbZA vr% nknh ml dejsa es tkdj Hkkx [kMh gks xbZ vkSj cksyk] ^ckck] vki D;k dj jgs gks \* ogh ijekuan dh pwj eLrh esa ukprs gq, ckck us mÙkj fn;k] ^csVk] eSa rks ukp jgk gw¡] D;ksafd eSa rks uUgk&lk] NksVk&lk ehBk fdz"uk cuusokyk gq¡ !!* ftl uV[kVius ds lkFk mUgksaus ;g dgk] nknh dks og ckr cgqr gh xgjkbZ ls fny dks Nw xbZ vkSj nknh dks Hkh mlh vkuan ds Hkkoks ls Hkjiwj jax esa jax fn;kA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh ds bnZfxnZ pkgs dqN Hkh D;ksa u gks jgk gks fQj Hkh nknh oks ijevkuan vkSj u'ks ls laiék Lo;a dh 'kku dks dHkh Hkh Hkqyrh ugha gSA mudks ;g lnk ;kn jgrk gS] ^eSa Lo.khZe;qxh vkRek gw¡ tks fd Lo;a fdz"uk ds lkFk [ksyus] xkus vkSj ukpusokyh gw¡A* pkgs dqN Hkh D;ksa u gks tk;s] geesa ls gjsd vSls gh ijekuan vkSj ojnkuh fLFkfr esa lnk fLFkr jgsaA

¹ izHkko ds vlj ls mij jguk & twu] 1960 ckck dh>ksaiMh] e/kqcu¹

,d ckj tc ckck vkSj nknh tkudh ,d lkFk cSBs gq, Fks rc nhnh eueksfguh Hkh vk xbZ vkSj muds lkFk gks yhA fQj nhnh eueksfguh us fdlh ds ckjs esa cksyuk 'kq# fd;k vkSj crk;k fd oks Bhd ugha gSA tc nhnh eueksfguh ;g ckr dks crk jgh Fkh rc muds psgjs ds Hkko Hkh dkQh cny&lny gks jgs FksA ckck us ;g ckr dks /;ku esa fy;k vkSj dgk] ^vkidk psgjk D;w¡ ckjckj cny jgk gS \\ dqN xyr gS oks ckck dks ;g crkuk ,d ckr gS_ ijarq mlh xyr ckr dh otg ls Hkkoqd gks tkuk og nqljh ckr gSA* ckck ;gh vaxqfyfunsZ'k dj jgs Fks fd ge dSls fdlh ds Hkh lkFk lw{e jhfr ls tqM tkrs gSa !! mlds ckn ckck us nhnh eueksfguh vkSj nknh tkudh nksukssa gh dks ;g lykg nh] ^fdlh dk Hkh LoHkko pkgs dSlk Hkh gks] mldk dksbZ egRo ughsa gksrk gS ijarq ge fdlh ds Hkh izHkko esa u vk;sA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

Hkxoku dh ;g lykg dks nknh us Lo;a esa /kkj.k fd;k vkSj mldk okLrfod #i ls vey Hkh fd;kA ge Hkh ;FkkZFk #i esa jkt;ksxh cus tks fd Lo&vuq'kklu] fueksZghiu vkSj vkRevfHkekuh gksus dk vH;kl djsaA ml ijefirk ijekRek ds lax ds flok; vU; fdlh ds Hkh jax esa ugha jax tk;s ;g ckr ij fo'ks"k /;ku nsaA

¹ ladYi ,oe~ 'kCnksa dh ,dksukseh djuk & 1960] e/kqcu¹

nknh us ,d ckj ckck dks [kr fy[kk ftlesa mUgksaus o.kZu fd;k Fkk fd dksbZ [kkl ifjfLFkfr nknh dk /;ku ckjckj viuh vkSj [khap jgh gSA FkksMs lIrkg ds ckn ckck ls eqykdkr ds nkSjku] fQjls nknh us ogh


29

ifjfLFkfr dk ftdj ckck dks fd;kA ckck us mudh rjQ ns[kk vkSj viuk izfrHkko fn;k] ^csVk] vkius ;g lkjh ckrsa [kr esa crk fn;k gSA vkidks bZls nksgjkus dh t#jr ugha gSA dqN fcut#jh ckrksa dks nksgjkrs jguk oks le;] ladYi vkSj 'kfDr dks O;FkZ x¡okuk gks tkrk gSA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh us rqjar gh bZl izdkj dh f'k{kk ,oe~ lko/kkuh ds cgqewY; dks nknh us eglwl fd;kA mlh fnu ls ysdj] nknh us ;gh iq#"kkFkZ fd;k fd oks vius fnekx vkSj 'kCnksa ij /;ku j[kas rFkk fcuk fdlh Li"V mís'; ds og fdlh Hkh ckr dks nksgjk;s ughaA oks ifjfLFkfr ij /;ku nsrh Fkh vkSj ckck dks ckrphr ds nkSjku crk nsrh Fkh fQj Mªkek dks ;kn j[krs gq, ml ckr dks ^iw.kZ fojke ;kfu QwyLVkWi* yxk nsrh FkhA bZl rjg oks vius fnekx dks eqDr ,oe~ Li"V j[k ikrh Fkh rkfd oks viuk /;ku ;ksx esa vkSj Kku dks ck¡Vus essa ,dkxz jg ldasA bZu fnuksa nknh ;gh ckr ds ikB dks laf{kIr esa dgrh gS vkSj crkrh gS] ^T;knk lkspks ughaA*

vxj ge bZlh ikB dks fny ls Lohdkj dj ys rFkk vius ladYiksa vkSj 'kCnksa dh cpr djsa rks gekjs eu ,oe~ le; dks ;FkkZFk jhfr ls bZLreky djrs gq, ckck vkSj nknh ds leku cu ldrs gSaA

¹ gk¡ th] fueksZgh vkSj ,ojjsMh& 1960 dh 'kq#vkr ds fnukssa esa] e/kqcu¹

,d [kkl ekSds ij ckck us tks Hkh cgusa lsok esa dk;Zjr Fkh mUgsa e/kqcu esa 5 fnu dh jhVªhV ds fy, cqyk;kA gj dksbZ csgn jksekafpr Fkk D;ksafd yacs le; ls vSlk dksbZ feyu ughsa gqvk FkkA nknh dks Hkh ;g feyu esa vkus dk fuea=.k feyk Fkk vkSj tc oks vk igq¡ph rks mUgksaus Hkh ;gh eglwl fd;k fd oks okLro esa ,d lPpk feyu eukuk gh gqvk D;ksafd dbZ cgusa vkil esa ,dnqljs dks yacs le; ls ns[k Hkh ugha ikbZ Fkh] og lHkh vkil esa feys vkSj lkFk esa jgus dk ekSdk feykA

vpkud nknh dks ;g lans'k vk;k fd ckck muls feyuk pkgrs gSaA nknh ckck ds ikl xbZA ckck us mUgsa crk;k] ^csVk tud] Xokfy;j dh jktekrk (jks;y Dohu e/kj) ls gesa vHkh vHkh fuea=.k feyk gSA eSa lksprk gw¡ fd vxj vki mUgksadh lsok ds fy, Xokfy;j tkvks rks vPNk jgsxkA*

nknh ds fy, oks ,d ijh{kk Fkh D;ksafd nknh bZruh [kq'k Fkh lc cguksa ds lkFkA nknh us dgk] ^ckck] vHkh vHkh rks eSa vkbZ gw¡ vkSj vki dg jgs gks fd eq>s tkuk gksxkA* oks FkksMk lk uk[kq'k FkhA ckck dk psgjk cny x;kA oks FkksMk xaHkhj vkSj dMd gks x;sA fQj ckck us dgk] ^Bhd gS] vkidks vHkh tkus dh t#jr ughaA* tSls gh ckck us ;g dgk] nknh us ;g eglwl fd;k fd nknh us ckck dks tks Hkh dgk_ oks u rks lg;ksx ds #i esa ;ksX; Fkk vkSj u gh lsok/kkjh ds #i ls Bhd FkkA nknh us dgk] ^ckck] eSa tkm¡xhA* ijarq rc rd rks ckck cgqr fufyZIr gks pqds FksA

nknh us ckck dks le>kus dk iz;Ru fd;k vkSj dgk] ^ckck] eSa tkus ds fy, rS;kj gw¡A eSa le>rh gw¡ fd ;g egRoiw.kZ lsok gSA* ijarq ckck fQj Hkh 'kkar] vfyIr vkSj mijke jgsA vkf[kjdkj nknh eueksfguh ds ikl xbZ vkSj mUgsa ;g c;ku fd;k fd D;k gqvk FkkA nknh us ;g Lohdkj fd;k fd dSls oks bZl ijh{kk esa vuqÙkh.kZ jghA fQj Hkh mUgksaus Lo;a dh eglwlrk dk vglkl fnykrs gq,] lsok ij tkus dh rS;kjh dk gh fo'okl fnyk;kA cMh nhnh ckn esa ckck ds ikl xbZ vkSj nknh dh rjQ ls mUgksaus ckck dks le>k;kA var esa ckck eku x;s vkSj nknh dks jks;y Qsehyh dh lsok djus ds fy, cgqr cgqr I;kj ds lkFk vyfonk fd;kA

nknh rhu fnukssa ds fy, Xokfy;j xbZ vkSj cgqr gh vn~Hkqr lsok gqbZA nknh crkrh gS fd dSls tc oks e/kqcu okfil vkbZ rc vkKkdkjh gksus dk (lEekuh; lg;ksx nsus dk) Qy fdruk ehBk gksrk gS !!! ckck rks nknh dk uke iqdkjus dk can gh ughsa djrs Fks !!! lkjk fnu ;gh dgrs jgs] ^csVk tud] vkvks vkSj ckck ds ikl cSBksA* ^csVk tud] vkvks vkSj ckck ds lkFk lSj djksA* mu nks fnuksa esa nknh dks bZruk I;kj] /;ku vkSj


30

laHkky ls Hkjh dånkuh feyh ftruk 'kk;n gh fdlh vkSj dks lkjs 5 fnuksa ds nkSjku feyk gksA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

Mªkek ds ml NksVs ls å'; ds }kjk nknh us ;g le> fy;k fd ,ojjsMh cudj ckck dh vkKkvksa dk ikyu djus dk vkSj gk¡ th] esjs ckck (th gqtwj) djus dk fdruk Qk;nsean gksrk gSA mUgksaus ;g Hkh ns[kk fd ckck fdl izdkj 'kfDr'kkyh #i esa larqfyr jgsA ckck ,d vSls f'k{kd Hkh gSa vkSj lkFk esa oks fdl izdkj laiw.kZr;k I;kjh ek¡] cki vkSj l[kk Hkh gSA

,sojjsMh cudj ckck vkSj lhuh;lZ ds vkns'k vkSj xqtkfj'k dks lg;ksx nsrs gq, mldk ikyu djus dk vkSj fQj ckn esa muds ,DLkVªk I;kj vkSj ojnkuksa dks ikus dk ,d vkuaniw.kZ vuqHko gksrk gSA

¹ ckck dh eqjyh ds fy, I;kj& e/kqcu] ekmUV vkcw 1951¹

,d ckj nknh dh rfc;r Bhd ugha Fkh vkSj MksDVj us mUgsa dgk Fkk fd vkidks laiwZ.k vkjke dh t#jr gSA mudks ;gh lwfpr fd;k x;k Fkk fd mUgsa fcLrj ij ysVs gq, jgdj vkjke ysuk gS_ dejk NksMdj ckgj ugha tkuk gSA 'kke gksrs gksrs nknh ;gh ckr dks ysdj dkQh Hkkoqd gks xbZ vkSj mudh vk¡[ks xe ds vkalqvksa ls Hkj vkbZA

ckck us mudh ukjktxh ds ckjs esa lquk vkSj og muds dejs esa ;gh iwNrs gq, vk igq¡ps] ^D;k gqvk vkSj ckck D;k enn dj ldrs gSa\* nknh us dgk]^ckck] eSa vkidh eqjyh dks ugha lqu ikÅ¡xh] MksDVj us dgk gS fd eq>s laiwZ.k csM&jsLV dh t#jr gSA*

ckck us nknh dk eqjyh ds izfr I;kj igpkukA bZl ckr dh iqf"V djrs gq, mUgksaus nknh ds dejs esa ,d Lihdj rFkk Dykl #e esa ekbZdzksQksu dh O;oLFkk djus ds fy, fdlh HkkbZ dks crk fn;kA ;K esa vSlk igyh gh ckj gqvk fd ,d ekbZdzksQksu dh O;oLFkk gqbZ vkSj dksbZ dejs esa ,d Lihdj Hkh yxok;k x;kA ml fnu ls ysdj lHkh ckck ds lkFk jgrs gq, ,d gh lkFk ckck dh eqjyh dks lqu ik jgs gSaA

nqljs fnu ckck us eqjyh lqukbZA fcLrj ij ysVs gq, jgdj nknh ml eqjyh dks lqu ldhA fQj Hkh] ckn esa mlh fnu nknh fQj ls Lo;a dks ukjkt eglql djus yxh vkSj vk¡lw cg fudysA ckck muds ikl vk;s vkSj iwNk] ^D;k gqvk \* nknh us dgk]^ckck] bZl laxe;qx esa vki eqjyh lquk jgs gks ml oDr eq>s vkidks ns[kuk Hkh gSA eSaus vkidks lquk ysfdu eSa vkids ehBs psgjs ij mBrs I;kjHkjs gkoHkko dks rks ughsa ns[k ldrhA* ckck us dgk] ^vki D;k djuk pkgrs gks \* nknh us dgk] ^tc vki eqjyh lquk jgs gks rc eSa vkidks ns[kuk pkgrh gw¡ vkSj vkils åf"V ysuk pkgrh gw¡A* bZl izdkj ls eqjyh ds izfr nknh ds I;kj dks ns[kdj Lo;a ckck dk fny Hkh fi?ky x;kA

nqljs gh fnu tgk¡ ckck eqjyh cksy jgs Fks] mlh gksy ds njokts ds utnhd esa gh ,d dqlhZ ,oe~ NksVk lk csM Hkh j[kok;k x;k Fkk rkfd nknh vkjke djrs gq, vius fny dh pkgr dks iw.kZ dj ldsA bZl izdkj ls eqjyh dks nknh lqu Hkh ldh vkSj eqjyh/kj dh eqjyh ds laiw.kZ u`R; dk vkuan Hkh vuqHko dj ldhA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh us ckck dh eqjyh dks cgqr gh ewY;oku ekuk vkSj mldks cgqr gh egRo fn;kA oks laiw.kZr;k ;g igpkurh vkSj tkurh gS fd ;gh lR; gS ftldks oks lnk


31

¹ ldk'k nsuk lh[kk;k & e/kqcu (fcdkusj 1950)¹

Ckkck us ,d ckj fcdkusj ds jks;y ifjokj dks Kku lqukus vkSj jks;y Dohu e/kj dh eqykdkr ysus gsrq nknh dks fcdkusj Hkstk FkkA nknh tc fcdkusj tk igq¡ph rks Dohu e/kj us muls iwNk] ^vki ;gk¡ fdl fy, vk;s gks \ vkidh eqykdkr dk mís'; d;k gS \* nknh us dgk] ^eSa vkidks Hkxoku ds fo"k; esa lqanj dgkuh;k¡ ck¡Vus ds fy, vkbZ gw¡A* Dohu e/kj dks ;g ckr cgqr Li'kZ dj xbZA mUgksaus dgk] ^lkekU; rkSj ij yksx ;gk¡ esjs ikl dqN ikus dh pkguk ls vkrs gSaA vkSj ;g gLrh vkbZ gS tks eq>ls Hkxoku dh fo"k; dgkuh;k¡ ck¡Vuk pkgrh gS !!* mu nksuksa dh eqykdkr yktokc jghA nknh us mUgsa ckck dk Kku lquk;k vkSj Dohu e/kj cgqr gf"kZr gqbZA mudh bZl eqykdkr ds ckn nknh e/kqcu esa okfil tk igq¡phA

gj jkst dh fnup;kZ ds eqrkfcd] uwek 'kke dks esMhVs'ku py jgk FkkA gj dksbZ ;kn dh ;k=k dk vkuan ysrs gq, laxBu esa cSBk gqvk FkkA ckn esa ckck us nknh ls #[k fd;k vkSj iwNk] ^vki fdldks ;kn dj jgs Fks \* nknh us dgk] ^ckck] eSa vkidks vkSj f'kockck dks ;kn dj jgh FkhA* fQj ls ckck us ogh iz'u iwNk] ^vki fdldks ;kn dj jgs Fks \* nknh us fQj ls oks gh mÙkj nsrs gq, dgk] ^ckck] eSa vkidks vkSj f'kockck dksA* fQj rks ckck us lsok dk ,d xgjk jgL; crk;kA mUgksaus dgk] ^csVk] vki vHkh vHkh og fo'ks"k O;fDr & ;kfu jks;y ifjokj dh Dohu e/kj dh vn~Hkqr lsok djds vkbZ gksA vkidk vHkh QtZ curk gS fd vki ml vkRek dks ldk'k nks_ tcfd oks vkRek us vHkh gh f'kockck ls laca/k tqVk;k gSA oks vkRek vki ls tqMh gqbZ gSA vkfgLrk vkfgLrk vki ml vkRek dks vkRevfHkekuh cuus vkSj f'kockck ls fj'rk tksMus ds fy, enn djksA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

bZlh rjg] fdlh Hkh vkRek dks ckck dk Kku lqukus vkSj mudks f'kockck dk ifjp; nsus ds ckn_ nknh us ;g lh[kk fd fdl izdkj ml vkRek dks ldk'k nsuk gksrk gSA ;gh vH;kl ds }kjk ge Hkh vkRekvksa dk lh/kk gh f'kockck ds lkFk fj'rk tksMus esa enn dj ldrs gSaA

¹ loZ ds dY;k.k vFkZ lrksxq.kh cqf¼ dk mi;ksx djuk¹

,d fdLls esa nknh ckck us cqf¼ ds vyx vyx izdkj ds fo"k; esa le>k;kA mlds ckn nknh us ckck ls iwNk] ^ckck] lrksxq.kh cqf¼ D;k gksrh gS \* ckck cksys] ^cgqr tYn gh ckck] vkidks bZldk okLr-fod mnkgj.k nasxasA* FkksMs fnuksa ckn] nknh us ;g ns[kk fd fdlh Qykus O;fDr dk O;ogkj dqN Bhd ugha Fkk vkSj oks ;gh ckr ckck dks crkus ds fy, muds ikl igq¡p xbZA ckck us dqN fnuksa iwoZ gq, okrkZyki dks ;kn fnykrs gq, dgk] ^tc vkidh lrksxq.kh cqf¼ gksrh gS rks vki nqljs yksxkas dh deh vkSj detksjh;ksa dks ugha ns[krs gksA vki mlds ckjs esa ckr Hkh ughsa djrs gks mlds foijhr] vki viuh lrksxq.kh cqf¼ ds cy ds }kjk mu vkRekvksa dks ifjofrZr gksus esa enn djrs gksA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

nknh us ckck ds vkns'k dks vPNh rjg ls le> fy;k gS fd ^ns[krs gq, u ns[kks* vkSj ^lqurs gq, u lquks*A cPpksa dh xyrh;ksa dks eEek vkSj ckck us viuh gh ftEesnkjh ds #i esa ns[kk ,oe~ nknh us Hkh ;gh ckr muls lh[khA nknh ckck ls 'kfDr ysdj ;gh iq#"kkFkZ djrh gS fd nqljs dh deh dks igys Lo;a esa gh Bhd djsaA ckn esa oks gh 'kfDr dks izxV djrh gS vkSj cPpksa dks ,d ojnku ds #i esa nku djrh gSA

bZlh izdkj ls ge Hkh lcdks muds laiw.kZ vkSj Js"B #i esa ns[kuk lh[ksaaA ftlds QyLo#i oks [kqn Hkh Lo;a ds izfr ;gh vuqHko djus ds fy, l{ke cukrk gSA ;gh fof/k ls vkRek;sa viuh varZfufgr 'kfDr;ksa ds ckjs esa voxr gksrh gS vkSj bZlds vk/kkj ij vius pkfj«; dks ifjofrZr djus esa enn izkIr djrh gSA


32

¹ eq>s esjk ehBk ckck leLr lalkj dks vo'; fn[kkuk gS & e/kqcu¹

ve`rosys ds ckn gj lqcg ckck ds ikl tkdj mUgsa lqizHkkr dgdj mudk vfHkoknu djus dh nknh dh vknr jgh gqbZ FkhA ckck vius cSM ij cSBs gq, gksrs Fks vkSj nknh NksVh&lh iSj j[kus dh pkSdh dks ogk¡ [khapdj cSB tkrh Fkh rkfd oks ckck ls åf"V ys ldsA fnu dh 'kq#vkr esa gh ckck dk vfHkoknu djus dk oks bZruk vn~Hkqr rjhdk Fkk !! vkSj ;gh vknr us nknh ds fy, ckck dks dHkh Hkh viuh vk¡[kksa ls nwj u gksus nsus dk etcwr vk/kkj cuk fn;kA ,d ,Slh gh ?kVuk esa ckck ds dejs esa nkf[ky gksus ds ckn] nknh us ckck dks bZrus lkjs izdk'k ls Hkjiwj ik;k fd tSls oks dksbZ >xexrk gqvk xksyk u gks !!! ;gh fo'ks"k vuqHko nknh ds Hkhrj dqN bZl rjg ?kql x;k ftl dkj.k mUgsa ;w¡ gh yxk fd oks vfrfUå; lqanjrk vkSj e/kqjrk dk dksbZ liuk gh u ns[k jgh gks !!! nknh Lo;a dks bZruk rdnhjoku eglwl djus yxh fd oks vkSj gh vlhe vkÜp;Z esa [kks xbZA muds fny ls ;gh ,d ftxjh reékk meM vkbZ fd oks ckck dks vius gh gkFkkssa dh gFksyh;ksa ij j[k nsa vkSj lkjs foÜo dks ckck fn[kk nsA

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

tc Hkh nknh ckck ds dejs esa okfil vkrh gSa] mudks ;gh vuqHko izR;{k #i esa ;kn vkrk gSaA ckck ds izfr ;gh xgjs I;kj vkSj laca/k us mUgsa l'kDr cuk;k gS ftldh otg ls nknh ckgj tkdj csgn fo'oeap ds mij ckck ds izdk'k ,oe~ lqanjrk dh gdhdr lcdks c;k¡u dj ldrh gSA gesa Hkh ;g vo'; ;kn jgs vkSj gesa e?kqcu esa ckck ls izkIr gq, gSa ;gh vuqHkoksaa dh eukse; eqykdkr ysrs jgs ftlds QyLo#i csgn lsok ds izfr gekjk tquwu >xexkrk jgsA

¹ Qfj'rk cuus dh jkg ij & e/kqcu¹

Ckkck us vius ikfFkZo 'kjhj#ih jFk dk R;kx fd;k_ mlds dbZ efguksa ds igys twu 1968 esa nknh us ;g ik;k fd [kqn dh vk¡[ksa ckck dks ns[kus ds flok; dghsa vkSj gV gh ughsa ldrh FkhA lqcg esa izkr%dky ds iwoZ gh oks ckck dks lqizHkkr ds vfHkoknu djus ,oe~ muls åf"V ysus gsrq nkSMrh gqbZ igq¡p tkrh FkhA ckck ds bZnxhZn bZruk vykSfdd izdk'k QSyk gqvk jgrk Fkk !!! vSlk eglwl gksrk Fkk ekuks fd ckck vHkh vHkh oghsa ij Fks vkSj fQj Hkh ckck ogk¡ ij ughsa Hkh gksrs Fks !!! nknh dks ;g u>kjk ns[kuk cgqr gh vkÜp;Z esa Mky nsrk FkkA gdhdr esa oks u>kjk vn~Hkqr gksrk FkkA

,d fnu ckck us nknh dks dgk]^csVk] D;k rqe ;g tkurh gks fd ,d le; vSlk Hkh vk;sxk ftl iy oks Qfj'rk#i ckck tks Åij esa jgrs gSa ogh bZl ckck ds lkFk feydj ,d gks tk;saxk\* nknh us ;gh vuqHko fd;k_ tks fd laiw.kZr;k gwcgq oSlk gh gks jgk gSA iq#"kkFkhZ czãk ckck oks gh Qfj'rk #i ckck cu jgs FksA ckck us fQj nknh dh rjQ ns[kk vkSj dgk]^vkidks Hkh oSlk gh cuuk gS t#jA*

&% Lo&iq#"kkFkZ %&

ml fnu ls ysdj vkt rd nknh us ;gh y{k j[kk gS & ^eq>s ckileku cuuk gh gSA* ge Hkh ;gh y{k esa lgHkkxh cu ldrs gSa vkSj ckileku cukus dh gekjs ckck dh tks ge cPpksa ds izfr vk'kk;sa gSa mudks ifjiw.kZ dj ldrs gSaA


33

&% czãkdqekjh t;afr cgu ds mn~xkj %&

eSa ;gh vk'kk djrh gw¡ fd bZl fdrkc esa ftrus Hkh [ktkus yqVk;s x;s gSa og vkids vius thou ds fy, Hkh cgqr gh ewY;oku cu tk;saxs vkSj vki ij lq[k] lR;rk vkSj I;kj dks cjlk;saxsA nknh ds foÜokl dh ifjHkk"kk muds ;g vueksy vuqHkoksa ds }kjk pfjrkFkZ gqbZ gSA nknh dh ;gh reékk lnSo cuh jgh gS fd gjsd ml fnO; ikjykSfdd ijekRek f'ko firk tks fd ge lc ds ekrk ,oe~ firk gSa muls 'kkafr] lR;rk vkSj I;kj ds L=ksr ds lkFk tqM Tkk;saA tSls tSls vki bu vueksy [ktkuksa ij fparu'khy cusaxsa_ eq>s ;g fuÜp; gS fd vkids vius ladYi Lo;a ml ikjykSfdd ijekRek f'ko firk dh rjQ cgrs pys tk;saxsa vkSj vki ;gh vuqHko djsaxas fd ;g loZ [ktkusa Lo;a mlh L=ksr ls ge rd vk ig¡qps gSaA

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