light & photosynthesis or “you light up my life” a/h 100g j.g. mexal
TRANSCRIPT
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Light & Photosynthesisor
“You light up my life”
A/H 100G
J.G. Mexal
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CO2 capture
Basic Photosynthetic Reaction
• CO2 + H2O CH2O + O2
• 1.47 lb 0.60 lb 1.00 lb 1.07 lb
λ
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PhotosynthesisAction Spectra of Lights vs Chl a & b Absorption
Incandescent light
Cool whitefluorescent light
Chlorophyll A & B
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PhotosynthesisLight Compensation and Saturation Points
Net Ps (mgCO2/cm2/h)
2000 4000 6000
Light Intensity (fc)
C.P.
S.P.
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Photosynthesis
Sun vs Shade Leaves
Epidermis
Palisade Mesophyll
Spongy Mesophyll
Epidermis
Stomata
Sun Shade
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Photosynthesis
Pathways for Photosynthesis
• C-3 = most crops
• C-4 = arid shrubs, grasses, pineapple
• CAM = succulents – (crassulacean acid metabolism)
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Photosynthesis
C3, C4, and CAM Plants
C3 Plants C4 Plants CAM Plants
Spinach Corn Agave
Beans Bermuda grass Jade plant
Bentgrass Russian thistle Pineapple
Mulberry 4-wingsaltbush
Sansevieria
Chile Pigweed Cacti
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Photosynthesis
Characteristics of C3 and C4 PlantsCharacteristic C3 Plants C4 Plants
Tissue w/ chloroplasts Mesophyll Mesophyll &bundle sheaths
Transpiration High Low
Optimum T 15-25C 30-40C
Light intensity (saturation) 3,000 fc 6,000+ fc
Photorespiration Measurable Not measurable
Compensation point 30-70 ppm CO2 0-10 ppmCO2
Ps pathways 1 2
Ps @ hi T & hi light Low High
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Photosynthesis
Simplified C3 Pathway
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Photosynthesis
C3 Leaf StructurePalisade mesophyll
Spongy mesophyll
Epidermis
VeinVein
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PhotosynthesisLight Compensation and Saturation Points
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PhotosynthesisInteraction between CO2 and Light Intensity
1,300 ppm CO2
1600 ppm CO2
360 ppm CO2
Light Intensity
Photosynthesis Rate
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Photosynthesis
Simplified C4 Pathway
Spatial Separation
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Photosynthesis
Simplified C4 Pathway
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Photosynthesis
C4 Leaf StructureBundle sheath cells
Mesophyll
Vein
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PhotosynthesisDistribution of C4 Plants/ Oecologia 23:1-12:1978
Percent of Grass Taxa Percent of Dicot Taxa
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PhotosynthesisC3 & C4 Response to Light Intensity
Light Intensity
Photosynthesis
Sugarcane- C4
Clover- C3
Tobacco- C3
Philodendron-C3
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Photosynthesis
Simplified CAM Pathway
3-carbon compound
Temporal Separation
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Photosynthesis
Simplified CAM Pathway
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PhotosynthesisWhat is this?????
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Things to Know
• What happens to all the light striking the earth’s surface
• Light attributes– Quality
– Quantity
– Duration
• Plant pigments– Imp. Wavelengths
– Actions
• Photoperiod response– Long-day
– Short-day
– Day-neutral
– Important dates (why?)
• Ps Reaction– Basic
– C3, C4, CAM
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Quiz Questions
• Give the basic photosynthesis reaction and where does it take place?
• Describe the characteristics of C-3 and C-4 plants. Give examples of a C-3 and C-4 plant.
• Describe the differences between a C-4 and CAM plant. Give an example of a CAM plant.
• What is a ‘short-day plant’? ‘long-day plant’? ‘day-neutral plant’?
• How do plant ‘tell time’? What’s the reaction?• Why do C-4 plants have a higher rate of photosynthesis.
Describe leaf morphology of both.
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Light and Photobiology
Electromagnetic Spectrum
y = 19176x-0.9376
R2 = 0.99
0
20
40
60
80
300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Energy (kcal/cm
Wavelength (nm)
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PhotosynthesisLeaf Tissues & Function
• Tissue– Epidermis
– Guard cells & stomates
– Chlorophyll- containing cells
– Veins
• Primary Functions– Protective cells (keep
water within leaf)
– Allow CO2 & O2
diffusion for Ps & Rs– Manufacture ATP &
glucose– Translocate H2O and
nutrient to, and CHO & AA away from, the leaves