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ANALISA DAN VISUALISASI DATA MENGENAI

TINGKAT KEMATIAN AKIBAT OVERDOSIS

PENGGUNAAN NARKOBA DI AMERIKA

SKRIPSI

Diajukan Guna Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh

Gelar Sarjana Komputer (S.Kom.)

RICKY NATHANIEL

00000011029

PROGRAM STUDI SISTEM INFORMASI

FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN INFORMATIKA

UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA

TANGERANG

2019

Analisa dan Visualisasi..., Ricky Nathaniel, FTI UMN, 2019

ii

ANALYSIS AND DATA VISUALIZATION ABOUT

DEATH RATE CAUSED BY DRUG OVERDOSE IN

AMERICA

FINAL PROJECT

Submitted to Fulfill the Requirements of Obtaining

A Computer Degree (Bachelor of Computer)

Ricky Nathaniel

00000011029

PROGRAM STUDI SISTEM INFORMASI

FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN INFORMATIKA

UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA

TANGERANG

2019


v

ANALISA DAN VISUALISASI DATA MENGENAI

TINGKAT KEMATIAN AKIBAT OVERDOSIS

PENGGUNAAN NARKOBA DI AMERIKA

ABSTRAK Oleh: Ricky Nathaniel

Narkoba merupakan sebuah krisis yang paling darurat pada masa sekarang ini.

Jumlah kematian yang diakibatkan oleh obat – obatan dan narkoba dari tahun ke

tahun semakin meningkat dan sangat sulit untuk dikurangi bahkan dengan tindakan

pemerintah sekalipun. Kematian akibat overdosis narkoba ini bahkan cukup

mustahil untuk dikurangi, khususnya di negara – negara yang gaya hidupnya cukup

bebas seperti Amerika, Australia, Inggris dan lain – lain. Lebih menyedihkan lagi

korban overdosis pemakai obat dan narkoba cenderung lebih banyak pada umur 20

sampai 30 dan bahkan ada yang masih di bawah umur 20 telah mengalami

ketergantungan terhadap obat. Ini menjadi pusat perhatian masyarakat dunia, dan

negara – negara di dunia sedang dalam proses penanganan terhadap narkoba dengan

harapan dapat mengurangi jumlah kematian dan ketergantungan serta pemakaian

selain dengan tujuan pengobatan.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran besar dengan cara

menganalisa dan membuat visualisasi data berupa 5 dashboard yang membantu

menemukan karakteristik umum dan detail dari kematian yang di sebabkan oleh

overdosis obat dan narkoba, dengan menggunakan metode Visual Data Mining

(VDM) dan Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) pada software Tableau. Hasil dari

penelitian ini adalah berhasilnya di buat 5 dashboard yang berbeda untuk

menampilkan visualisasi mengenai rincian kematian akibat overdosis obat dan

narkoba serta penyebabnya.

Kata kunci: Narkoba, Overdosis, Visual Data Mining (VDM), Exploratory Data

Analysis (EDA).


vi

ANALYSIS AND DATA VISUALIZATION ABOUT DEATH

RATE CAUSED BY DRUG OVERDOSE IN AMERICA

ABSTRACT By: Ricky Nathaniel

Narcotics is the most emergency crisis in the present. The number of deaths caused

by drugs from year to year is increasing and is very difficult to reduce even with

government actions. Deaths from drug overdoses are even quite impossible to

reduce, especially in countries where the lifestyle is quite free, such as America,

Australia, Britain and others. Even sadder victims of drug and drug overdose tend

to be more at the age of 20 to 30 and some even under the age of 20 have

experienced drug dependence. This is the center of attention of the world

community, and countries in the world are in the process of handling drugs in the

hope of reducing the number of deaths and dependence and use other than the

purpose of treatment.

The purpose of this study is to analyze and make data visualization in the form of 5

dashboards that help find general characteristics and details of death caused by

drug overdoses, using Visual Data Mining (VDM) and Exploratory Data Analysis

(EDA) as a methods with Tableau software. The results of this study were successful

in making 5 different dashboards to display visualizations of the details of deaths

from drug and drug overdoses and their causes.

Keywords: Narcotics, Overdose, Visual Data Mining (VDM), Exploratory Data

Analysis (EDA).


vii

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa, atas

berkat rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga skripsi yang berjudul “Analisa dan

Visualisasi Data Mengenai Tingkat Kematian Akibat Overdosis Narkoba di

Amerika” dengan sebaik-baiknya dan dapat diselesaikan tepat waktu. Skripsi ini

penulis ajukan kepada Program Strata 1, Program Studi Sistem Informasi, Fakultas

Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, Universitas Multimedia Nusantara.

Penulis juga menyadari bahwa penelitian skripsi ini tidak akan dapat selesai

tanpa adanya bantuan, bimbingan, arahan, petunjuk, dan saran dari berbagai pihak.

Maka dengan itu, penulis ingin menyatakan rasa syukur dan mengucapkan terima

kasih kepada:

1. Orang tua dan saudara yang selalu memberikan doa, motivasi, dan hal material

kepada penulis untuk mendukung proses penyelesaian penelitian skripsi ini.

2. Bapak Johan Setiawan, S.Kom., M.M., M.B.A., yang telah memberikan banyak

bimbingan serta saran-saran kepada penulis selama proses pengerjaan skripsi.

3. Ibu Ririn Ikana Desanti, S.Kom., M.Kom., selaku Ketua Program Studi Sistem

Informasi di Universitas Multimedia Nusantara.

4. Kepada teman – teman dari DOT HOUSE yang memberikan semangat dan

dukungan dalam menulis penelitian ini, sehingga memotivasi penulis dalam

pengerjaan data dan laporan.


viii

5. Semua teman-teman seperjuangan, alumni, dan kerabat penulis yang tidak dapat

disebutkan satu per satu dan telah memberikan banyak bantuan serta dukungan

kepada penulis untuk menyelesaikan penelitian ini.

Penulis menyadari bahwa laporan penelitian ini masih jauh dari kata

kesempurnaan. Namun untuk mendekati kesempurnaan tersebut, penulis

mengharapkan adanya kritik dan saran yang membangun, agar kelak dapat

membantu penulis untuk terus menghasilkan karya yang lebih baik lagi.

Semoga skripsi ini dapat memberikan informasi dan inspirasi yang

bermanfaat bagi para pembaca

Tangerang, Juli 2019

Ricky Nathaniel


ix

DAFTAR ISI

PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................................... iii

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ iv

ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. v

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. vi

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ix

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xiii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang.......................................................................................... 1

1.2. Perumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 1

1.3. Batasan Masalah ....................................................................................... 3

1.4. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................. 5

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ................................................................................. 6

2.1. Narkoba .................................................................................................... 6

2.1.1 Narkotika ....................................................................................... 6

2.1.2 Psikotropika ................................................................................... 7

2.1.3 Zat adiktif lainnya.......................................................................... 8

2.1.4 Jenis – jenis narkoba ...................................................................... 8

2.2. Overdosis ................................................................................................ 11

2.3. Visualisasi Data ...................................................................................... 12

2.4. Dashboard .............................................................................................. 12

2.5. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) ......................................................... 14

2.6. Tableau ................................................................................................... 15


x

2.7. Visual Data Mining (VDM) ................................................................... 15

2.7.1. Project Planning Phase ............................................................... 16

2.7.2. Data Preparation Phase .............................................................. 17

2.7.3. Data Analysis Phase .................................................................... 18

2.8 Jenis Jenis Diagram Charts .................................................................... 19

2.8.1 Bar Charts ................................................................................... 19

2.8.2 Grouped Bar Charts .................................................................... 20

2.8.3 Pie Charts .................................................................................... 21

2.8.4 Smoothed Histogram ................................................................... 21

2.8.5 Box Plot ....................................................................................... 22

2.8.6 Density Plot ................................................................................. 23

2.8.7 Heat Map ..................................................................................... 24

2.8.8 Scatterplot.................................................................................... 24

2.8.9. Line and Area Chart .................................................................... 25

2.8.10 Geo Charts................................................................................... 26

2.8.11 Combo Charts .............................................................................. 27

2.8.12 Tree Map ..................................................................................... 27

2.8.13 Candlestick Charts ...................................................................... 28

2.8.14 Word Cloud ................................................................................. 29

2.8.15 Connection Map .......................................................................... 30

2.8.16 Dot Matrix Charts ....................................................................... 30

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.............................................................. 32

3.1 Objek Penelitian ..................................................................................... 32

3.2 Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................... 33

3.3 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 36


xi

3.3.1 Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) .............................................. 37

3.3.2 Visual Data Mining (VDM) ........................................................ 37

3.3.2.1 Project Planning Phase ........................................................... 37

3.3.2.2 Data Preparation Phase .......................................................... 37

3.3.2.3 Data Analysis Phase ................................................................ 38

3.4 Pemilihan Tools ...................................................................................... 39

BAB IV ANALISIS DAN HASIL PENELITIAN ............................................... 41

4.1 Project Planning Phase .......................................................................... 41

4.1.1 Justify and Plan the Project ........................................................ 41

4.1.2 Identify the Top Business Questions ............................................ 41

4.2 Data Preparation Phase ......................................................................... 42

4.2.1 Choose the Data Set .................................................................... 42

4.2.2 Transform the Data Set ............................................................... 44

4.2.3 Verify the Data Set....................................................................... 68

4.3 Data Analysis Phase ............................................................................... 69

4.3.1 Choose the Visualization or Mining Tools .................................. 69

4.3.2 Analyze the Visualization or Mining Model ................................ 72

4.3.3 Verify and Present the Visualization or Mining Model ............... 80

4.4 Hasil Analisa .......................................................................................... 81

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 85

5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 85

5.2 Saran ....................................................................................................... 86

6 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 87

7 LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................. 91


xii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Sumber Pengambilan Dataset ............................................................... 33

Tabel 3.2 Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................. 33

Tabel 3.3 Perbandingan Metode Visual Data Mining dengan Tipe Data Mining

Secara Umum ........................................................................................................ 36

Tabel 3.4 Perbandingan Tools Visualisasi Data .................................................... 39

Tabel 4.1 Struktur Data Korban Kematian Narkoba di Amerika Periode 2012 -

2018 ....................................................................................................................... 42

Tabel 4.2 Struktur Main Dataset Akhir ................................................................ 66

Tabel 4.3 Hasil Verifikasi Data ............................................................................. 68


xiii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Eight-Step Data Visualization and Visual Data Mining Methodology

............................................................................................................................... 16

Gambar 2.2 Bar Charts ......................................................................................... 19

Gambar 2.3 Horizontal Bar Charts ....................................................................... 20

Gambar 2.4 Grouped Bar Charts .......................................................................... 20

Gambar 2.5 Pie Charts .......................................................................................... 21

Gambar 2.6 Smoothed Histogram ......................................................................... 22

Gambar 2.7 Box Plot ............................................................................................. 22

Gambar 2.8 Categorical Density Plot ................................................................... 23

Gambar 2.9 Continuous Density Plot.................................................................... 23

Gambar 2.10 Heat Map ......................................................................................... 24

Gambar 2.11 Scatterplot ....................................................................................... 25

Gambar 2.12 Line Charts ...................................................................................... 25

Gambar 2.13 Stacked Area Chart ......................................................................... 26

Gambar 2.14 Geo Charts ...................................................................................... 26

Gambar 2.15 Combo Charts ................................................................................. 27

Gambar 2.16 Tree Map ......................................................................................... 28

Gambar 2.17 Candlestick Charts .......................................................................... 29

Gambar 2.18 Word Cloud .................................................................................... 29

Gambar 2.19 Connection Map .............................................................................. 30

Gambar 2.20 Dot Matrix Charts ........................................................................... 31

Gambar 3.1 Ilustrasi Narkoba Heroin ................................................................... 32

Gambar 4.1 Data Mentah Accidental_Drug_Related_Deaths__2012-

June_2018.csv ....................................................................................................... 44

Gambar 4.2 Kolom – Kolom Yang Masih Memiliki Nilai null (1) ...................... 45

Gambar 4.3 Kolom – Kolom Yang Masih Memiliki Nilai null (2) ...................... 45

Gambar 4.4 Hasil Data Setelah Penghapusan Kolom Yang Memiliki Nilai null (1)

............................................................................................................................... 46


xiv

Gambar 4.5 Hasil Data Setelah Penghapusan Kolom Yang Memiliki Nilai null (2)

............................................................................................................................... 46

Gambar 4.6 Sebelum Pemberian Aliases Pada Nilai null ..................................... 47

Gambar 4.7 Pemberian Aliases Pada Kolom Bernilai null ................................... 48

Gambar 4.8 Setelah Pemberian Aliases Pada Kolom Bernilai Null Pada Kolom

Jenis – Jenis Narkoba ............................................................................................ 48

Gambar 4.9 Kolom Other Significan Sebelum Nilai null Diberi Aliases ............. 49

Gambar 4.10 Pemberian Aliases Pada Nilai null Di Kolom Other Significan...... 50

Gambar 4.11 Hasil Pemberian Aliases Pada Kolom Other Significan ................. 50

Gambar 4.12 Kolom Date Type Yang Nilai null-nya Diberi Aliases “Unknown” 51

Gambar 4.13 Kolom Location if Other Yang Masih Memiliki Nilai null ............ 52

Gambar 4.14 Pemberian Aliases “No Other Location” Pada Kolom Location if

Other ..................................................................................................................... 52

Gambar 4.15 Hasil Pemberian Aliases Pada Kolom Location if Other ................ 53

Gambar 4.16 Sebelum Kolom Age Ditambahkan Ke Dimension Dari Measure .. 54

Gambar 4.17 Setelah Kolom Age Ditambahkan Ke Dimension ........................... 54

Gambar 4.18 Age Group Calculated Field ........................................................... 55

Gambar 4.19 Age Group 21 – 40 Calculated Field .............................................. 56



Gambar 4.22 Age Group Above 80 Calculated Field ........................................... 58

Gambar 4.23 Age Group Less Than 20 Calculated Field ..................................... 58

Gambar 4.24 Benzodiazepine % Calculated Field ............................................... 59

Gambar 4.25 Cocaine % Calculated Field ........................................................... 60

Gambar 4.26 Ethanol % Calculated Field ............................................................ 60

Gambar 4.27 Heroin % Calculated Field ............................................................. 61

Gambar 4.28 Oxycodone % Calculated Field....................................................... 61

Gambar 4.29 Oxymorphone % Calculated Field .................................................. 62

Gambar 4.30 Fentanyl and Fentanyl Analogue % Calculated Field .................... 62

Gambar 4.31 Female – Drug Abuse Calculated Field .......................................... 63

Gambar 4.32 Male – Drug Abuse Calculated Field ............................................. 63


xv

Gambar 4.33 Fentanyl Death Calculated Field .................................................... 64

Gambar 4.34 Label baru ........................................................................................ 64

Gambar 4.35 Tampilan Measure Setelah Dibuat Per Kategori............................. 65

Gambar 4.36 Calculated Field untuk Visualisasi Stacked Bar ............................. 66

Gambar 4.37 Hasil Pembuatan Calculated Field Dengan Tipe True/False ......... 66

Gambar 4.38 Logo Tableau Software ................................................................... 69

Gambar 4.39 Contoh Penambahan Data Baru pada Data Source ......................... 71

Gambar 4.40 Analisis Dashboard 1 “Drug Overdose Death 2012 – 2018” (1) ... 72

Gambar 4.41 Analisis Dashboard 1 “Drug Overdose Death 2012 – 2018” (2) ... 73

Gambar 4.42 Tampilan Visualisasi Jika Bar di Hover ......................................... 74

Gambar 4.43 Analisis Dashboard 2 “Fentanyl: Overdose on The Rise” ............. 75

Gambar 4.44 Tampilan Data Dashboard 2 Jika Di Hover.................................... 76

Gambar 4.45 Analisis Dashboard 3 “What Age Group Is Most Affected By The

Drug Abuse ?” ....................................................................................................... 77

Gambar 4.46 Analisis Dashboard 4 “Gender Differences in Drug Abuse” ......... 78

Gambar 4.47 Analisis Dashboard 5 “Death Location” ........................................ 79


xvi

LAMPIRAN

1. Form Konsultasi Skripsi – Fakultas Teknik & Informatika

2. User Acceptance Test (UAT)


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