Verb TO BE - Past Simple

Verb "to be"    Verbo "ser - estar" (Pasado)

 

      

 

 TRATA DE RECORDAR LO SIGUIENTE ... 

El pasado del verbo to be no tiene formas contractas o reducidas para el afirmativo. Es decir, no puedes decir  I's  como reducción de I was o  You're  en lugar de You were.

En cambio, puedes usar contracciones en el negativo: I WASN'T en reemplazo de I was not y YOU WEREN'T en lugar de You were not. 

IMPORTANTE:

I WAS significa tanto YO FUI (del verbo SER, no de IR) como YO ERA lo cual suele confundir a muchos estudiantes hispanohablantes. Observa estos ejemplos:

All his life he WAS a teacher.Toda su vida él FUE maestro. << aquí FUE no deriva del verbo IR (decir: "Toda su vida él ERA maestro" es incorrecto en español).

My grandfather WAS Italian.Mi abuelo ERA italiano. << aqui queda mejor usar ERA que FUE.

ABAJO TIENES EL VERBO "TO BE" EN PASADO SIMPLE. 

POSITIVE    AFIRMATIVOComo verbo SER Como verbo ESTAR

ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

I was Yo era/fui

You were Tú eras/fuisteUsted era/fue

He was Él era/fue

She was Ella era/fue

It was Él/Ella era/fue

We were Nosotros éramosNosotros fuimos

They were Ellos/as eran/fueron

 ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

I was Yo estaba/estuve

You were Tú estabas/estuvisteUsted estaba/estuvo

He was Él estaba/estuvo

She was Ella estaba/estuvo

It was Él/Ella estaba/estuvo

We were Nosotros estábamosNosotros estuvimos

They were Ellos/as estaban/estuvieron

(*) más utilizado en España; (**) más utlizado en América Latina.

INTERROGATIVE    INTERROGATIVOComo verbo SER

Como verbo ESTAR

ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

Was I? ¿Era yo? ¿Fui yo?

Were you? ¿Eras tú? ¿Fuiste tú?¿Era usted? ¿Fue usted?

Was he? ¿Era él? ¿Fue él?

Was she? ¿Era ella? ¿Fue ella?

Was it? ¿Era él (ella)? ¿Fue él (ella)?

Were we? ¿Éramos nosotros?¿Fuimos nosotros?

Were they? ¿Eran ellos? ¿Fueron ellos?

 ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

Was I? ¿Estaba yo? ¿Estuve yo?

Were you? ¿Estabas tú? ¿Estuviste tú?¿Estaba usted? ¿Estuvo usted?

Was he? ¿Estaba él? ¿Estuvo él?

Was she? ¿Estaba ella? ¿Estuvo ella?

Was it? ¿Estaba él (ella)? ¿Estuvo él (ella)?

Were we? ¿Éstábamos nosotros?¿Estuvimos nosotros?

Were they? ¿Estaban ellos? ¿Estuvieron ellos?

NEGATIVE    NEGATIVOComo verbo SER o ESTAR

ENGLISH   ESPAÑOL

Normal Contracted Normal Contracción

I was not I wasn't Yo no era/no fuiYo no estaba/no estuve

No era/No fuiNo estaba/No estuve

You were not You weren't Tú no eras/no fuisteUsted no era/no fueTú no estabas/no estuvisteUsted no estaba/no estuvo

No eras/No fuisteNo era/No fueNo estabas/No estuvisteNo estaba/No estuvo

He was not He wasn't Él no era/no fueÉl no estaba/no estuvo

No era/No fueNo estaba/No estuvo

She was not She wasn't Ella no era/no fueElla no estaba/no estuvo

No era/No fueNo estaba/No estuvo

It was not It wasn't Él/Ella no era/no fueÉl/Ella no estaba/no estuvo

No era/No fueNo estaba/No estuvo

We were not We weren't Nosotros no éramosNosotros no fuimosNosotros no estábamosNosotros no estuvimos

No éramosNo fuimosNo estábamosNo estuvimos

They were not They weren't Ellos/as no eran/no fueronEllos/as no estaban /no estuvieron

No eran/no fueronNo estaban /no estuvieron

Verb TO BE - Present Simple

Verb "to be"    Verbo "ser - estar" (Presente)

ENLACES UTILES

El verbo     

 

 1. Algo que, al principio, le resulta difícil de entender a todo estudiante es que, en castellano, el infinitivo de los verbos tiene tres terminaciones: ar (cantar), er (beber) e ir (dormir). Más adelante observarás que los verbos ingleses tienen gran variedad de terminaciones. Por ese motivo -con el único objetivo de unificación- a los verbos en inglés se les antepone la preposición to para indicar que están "en infinitivo" (ejemplo, to be = ser o estar).

2. En inglés el verbo viene siempre precedido por el pronombre personal (sujeto de la oración). En castellano no ocurre lo mismo: al comenzar una oración podemos decir soy, estoy (sujeto tácito o implícito) en reemplazo de yo soy, yo estoy.

 

POSITIVE    AFIRMATIVO

ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

Normal Contracted Normal Contracción

I am I'm Yo soy, estoy Soy, Estoy

You are You're Tú eres, estás Eres, Estás

He is He's El es, está Es, Está (para El)

She is She's Ella es, está Es, Está (para Ella)

It is It's El/Ella es, está Es, Está (para El o Ella)

We are We're Nosotros/as somos, estamos Somos, Estamos

They are They're Ellos/as son, están Son, Están (para Ellos o Ellas)

INTERROGATIVE    INTERROGATIVO

ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

Normal Contracted Normal Contracción

Am I? - ¿Soy/Estoy yo? ¿Soy/Estoy?

Are you? - ¿Eres/Estás tú? ¿Eres/Estás?

Is he? - ¿Es/Está él? ¿Es/Está? (El)

Is she? - ¿Es/Está ella? ¿Es/Está? (Ella)

Is it? - ¿Es/Esta él? ¿Es/Está ella? ¿Es/Está? (El o Ella)

Are we? - ¿Somos/Estamos nosotros? ¿Somos/Estamos?

Are they?-

¿Son/Están ellos/as? ¿Son/Están? (para Ellos/as)

(*) más utilizado en España; (**) más utlizado en América Latina.

NEGATIVE    NEGATIVO

ENGLISH ESPAÑOL

Normal Contracted Normal Contracción

I am not I'm not Yo no soy/estoy No soy/estoy

You are not You're notYou aren't

Tú no eres/estás No eres/estás

He is not He's notHe isn't

El no es/está No es/está(para El)

She is not She's notShe isn't

Ella no es/está No es/está(para Ella)

It is not It's notIt isn't

El/Ella no es/está No es/está(para El o Ella)

We are not We're notWe aren't

Nosotros/as no somosNosotros/as no estamos

No somosNo estamos

They are not They're notThey aren't

Ellos/as no son/están No son/están(para Ellos o Ellas)

THE FOUR CONDITIONALS

conditional type 0 >> ZERO CONDITIONAL                             

IF  + SIMPLE PRESENT  +  SIMPLE PRESENT 

Used for scientific facts or general truths (usado para expresar verdades científicas, hechos que nunca cambian o situaciones que siempre ocurren). Algunos gramáticos incluyen este tipo de condicional dentro de FIRST CONDITIONAL o Conditional Type I.

If you heat butter, it melts. Si calientas manteca, ésta se derrite.

If you put water in a cooler, it freezes. Si colocas agua en el congelador, ésta se congela.

If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils. Si calientas agua a 100 grados, ésta hierve.

If you cross an international date line, the time changes. Si cruzas una línea de tiempo internacional, la hora cambia.

If you drop ice in water, it floats. Si tiras hielo al agua, éste flota.

If iron gets wet, it rusts. Si el hierro se moja, se oxida.

conditional type I >> FIRST CONDITIONAL                             

Used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future. It is generally used for things which may happen (utilizado para cosas que pueden ocurrir en presente o futuro).

a)  IF  + SIMPLE PRESENT  +  SIMPLE FUTURE 

If you study hard, you will pass your exams. Si estudias intensamente aprobarás tus exámenes. 

If we do not protect the panda bears, they will soon become extinct. Si no protegemos a los osos panda, pronto se extinguirán.

b)  IMPERATIVE  +  OR / AND  +  SIMPLE FUTUREUsed for threats and promises (usado para expresar amenazas y promesas)

Don't say a word about this, or I will kill you. No cuentes una palabra de esto o te mato.

Finish your job, and you will have a bonus. Termina tu tarea y tendrás una gratificación.

c)  IMPERATIVO  +  IF / IN CASE  +  SIMPLE PRESENT

Contact me if you need any help. Ponte en contacto conmigo si necesitas ayuda.

Call them in case you need help. Llámalos en caso de necesitar ayuda.

NOTE: In cases b and d above, you can replace IF (si) by UNLESS (a menos que)

VERBOS IRREGULARES

1 INFINITIVE 2 PAST 3 PARTICIPLE ESPAÑOL

abide (abáid) abode (abóud) abode (abóud) tolerar, soportar

arise (aráis) arose (aróus) arisen (arísn) surgir, plantear

awake (auéik) awoke (auóuk) awoke (auóuk) despertarse

be (bi)  [am/are/is] was/were (uós/uér) been (bin) ser, estar

beat (bit) beat (bit) beaten (bitn) golpear, latir, batir

become (bikám) became (bikéim) become (bikám) llegar a ser

begin (biguín) began (bigén) begun (bigán) comenzar

bend (bend) bent (bent) bent (bent) doblarse, inclinarse

bet (bet) bet (bet) bet (bet) apostar en algo

bind (báind) bound (báund) bound (báund) atar, unir, ligar

catch (kach) caught (kot) caught (kot) agarrar

choose (chus) chose (chos) chosen (chúsn) elegir

come (kám) came (keím) come (kám) venir

cost (kost) cost (kost) cost (kost) costar

creep (krí:p) crept (krept) crept (krept) arrastrar, deslizarse

cut (kat) cut (kat) cut (kat) cortar

deal (dí:l) dealt (delt) dealt (delt) tratar, ocuparse

dig (dig) dug (dag) dug (dag) cavar, excavar

do (dú)  [does] did (díd) done (dán) hacer

draw (dró:) drew (drú) drawn (drón) dibujar, atraer

drink (drink) drank (drénk) drunk (drank) beber

drive (dráiv) drove (dróuv) driven (drívn) conducir

eat (í:t) ate (et) eaten (ítn) comer

fall (fol) fell (fel) fallen (fólen) caer

feed (fí:d) fed (fed) fed (fed) alimentar

feel (fí:l) felt (felt) felt (felt) sentir

fight (fáit) fought (fó:t) fought (fó:t) luchar, pelear

find (fáind) found (faúnd) found (fáund) encontrar

get (guét) got (got) got/gotten (got/gotn) obtener, conseguir

give (guív) gave (guéiv) given (guívn) dar

go (góu) went (uént) gone (gón) ir

grind (gráind) ground (gráund) ground (gráund) moler

grow (gróu) grew (grú) grown (grón) cultivar, crecer

hang (jéng) hung (jáng) hung (jáng) colgar

have (jev)  [have/has] had (jad) had (jad) tener, haber

hear (jíar) heard (jerd) heard (jerd) oír

hide (jáid) hid (jid) hidden (jídn) ocultar, esconder

hit (jit) hit (jit) hit (jit) golpear

hold (jóuld) held (jeld) held (jeld) sostener, soportar

keep (kí:p) kept (kept) kept (kept) guardar, conservar

kneel (ní:l) knelt (nelt) knelt (nelt) arrodillarse

know (nóu) knew (niú) known (nóun) saber, conocer

lead (lí:d) led (led) led (led) guiar, conducir

lend (lend) lent (lent) lent (lent) prestar

learn (lérn) learnt (lernt) learnt (lernt) aprender

leave (lí:v) left (left) left (left) irse, dejar, partir

lose (lú:s) lost (lost) lost (lost) perder

make (méik) made (méid) made (méid) hacer, fabricar

mean (mí:n) meant (ment) meant (ment) significar

meet (mí:t) met (met) met (met) encontrarse con

pay (péi) paid (ped) paid (ped) pagar

put (put) put (put) put (put) poner, colocar

read (rid) read (red) read (red) leer

ride (ráid) rode (róud) ridden (rídn) cabalgar

ring (ring) rang (reng) rung (rang) sonar

run (ran) ran (ren) run (ran) correr

say (séi) said (sed) said (sed) decir

see (sí:) saw (só:) seen (sin) ver

seek (sí:k) sought (sot) sought (sot) buscar

sell (sel) sold (sóuld) sold (sóuld) vender

send (send) sent (sent) sent (sent) enviar

shake (shéik) shook (shuk) shaken (shéikn) agitar, sacudir

shine (sháin) shone (shóun) shone (shóun) brillar, resplandecer

shoot (shú:t) shot (shot) shot (shot) pegar un tiro

show (shóu) showed (shóud) shown (shóun) mostrar, demostrar

shrink (shrink) shrank (shrenk) shrunk (shrank) encogerse (tamaño)

shut (shat) shut (shat) shut (shat) cerrar

sing (sing) sang (seng) sung (sang) cantar

sink (sink) sank (senk) sunk (sank) hundir/se

sit (sit) sat (sat) sat (sat) sentar/se

slay (sléi) slew (sliú) slain (sléin) asesinar

sleep (slíp) slept (slépt) slept (slépt) dormir

slide (sláid) slid (slid) slid (slid) resbalar, deslizar

take (téik) took (tul) taken (téikn) tomar, llevar

teach (tích) taught (tot) taught (tot) enseñar

tear (téa:) tore (tor) torn (torn) rasgar, arrancar

tell (tel) told (told) told (told) decir, conta

understand(anderstánd)

understood(anderstúd)

understood(anderstúd)

entender,comprender

undertake(andertéik)

undertook(andertúk)

undertaken(andertéikn)

comprometerse,emprender

undo (andú) undid (andíd) undone (andán) deshacer

wake (uéik) woke (uóuk) woken (uóukn) despertarse

wear (uéar) wore (uór) worn (uórn) vestir, usar (ropa)

weave (wív) wove (wov) woven (wóven) tejer

weep (wí:p) wept (wépt) wept (wépt) llorar

win (uín) won (uón) won (uón) ganar

VERBOS REGULARES

advise advised aconsejar live lived vivir

agree agreed concordar measure measured medir

arrive arrived llegar open opened abrir

believe believed creer play played jugar

burn burned quemar perform performed desempeñar

call called llamar realize realized darse cuenta

carry carried llevar rain rained llover

clean cleaned limpiar repair repaired reparar

close closed cerrar save saved ahorrar, salvar

change changed cambiar share shared compartir

deliver delivered entregar sign signed firmar

die died morir slam slammed cerrar de golpe

dry dried secar stay stayed permanecer

earn earned ganar ($) snow snowed nevar

enjoy enjoyed disfrutar study studied estudiar

explain explained explicar try tried tratar

explore explored explorar travel travelled viajar

follow followed seguir turn turned girar

happen happened suceder use used usar

interview interviewed entrevistar whisper whispered susurrar

imagine imagined imaginar worry worried preocuparse

listen listened escuchar

ask asked preguntar laugh laughed reir

bake baked hornear lock locked cerrar con llave

cook cooked cocinar look looked observar

dance danced bailar miss missed extrañar

dress dressed vestirse pack packed empacar

drop dropped dejar caer press pressed presionar

escape escaped escapar smoke smoked fumar

finish finished terminar stop stopped parar

fix fixed ajustar shop shopped ir de compras

guess guessed adivinar talk talked conversar

help helped ayudar type typed tipear

hope hoped esperar walk walked caminar

hike hiked ir a camina wash washed lavar

joke joked bromear work worked trabajar

jump jumped saltar

attend attended asistir print printed imprimir

arrest arrested arrestar pretend pretended fingir

collect collected reunir protect protected proteger

count counted contar provide provided proveer

decide decided decidir repeat repeated repetir

divide divided dividir report reported informar

hunt hunted cazar respect respected respetar

invite invited invitar rest rested descansar

invent invented inventar start started empezar

land landed aterrizar shout shouted gritar

need needed necesitar wait waited esperar

paint painted pintar want wanted querer

VERBOS REGULARES

1INFINITIVE

2 PAST 3 PARTICIPLEESPAÑOL

accept (acépt) accepted (acéptid) accepted (acéptid) aceptar

add (ad) added (ádid) added (ádid) agregar

admire (admáiar) admired (admáiard) admired (admáiard) admirar

admit (admít) admitted (admítid) admitted (admítid) admitir

advise (adváis) advised (adváist) advised (adváist) aconsejar

afford (afórd) afforded (afórdit) afforded (afórdit) afrontar

agree (agrí:) agreed (agrí:d) agreed (agrí:d) estar de acuerdo

alert (alért) alerted (alértid) alerted (alértid) alertar

allow (aláu) allowed (aláud) allowed (aláud) permitir

amuse (amiús) amused (amiúst) amused (amiúst) entretener

analyse (énalais) analysed (énalaist) analysed (énalaist) analizar

announce (anáuns) announced (anáunst) announced (anáunst) anunciar

annoy (anói) annoyed (anóid) annoyed (anóid) molestar

answer (ánsuer) answered (ánsuerd) answered (ánsuerd) contestar

apologise (apólodchais) apologised (apólodchaist) apologised (apólodchaist) pedir disculpas, disculparse

appear (apíar) appeared (apíard) appeared (apíard) aparecer

applaud (aplód) applauded (aplódid) applauded (aplódid) aplaudir

appreciate (apríshieit)

appreciated (apríshieitid) appreciated (apríshieitid) apreciar

approve (aprúv) approved (aprúvt) approved (aprúvt) aprobar

argue (á:rguiu) argued (á:rguiut) argued (á:rguiut) discutir

arrange (arréindch) arranged (arréindcht) arranged (arréindcht) arreglar

arrest (arrést) arrested (arréstid) arrested (arréstid) arrestar

arrive (arráiv) arrived (arráivd) arrived (arráivd) llegar

ask (ask) asked (askt) asked (ask) preguntar

attach (atách) attached (atácht) attached (atácht) adjuntar

attack (atáck) attacked (atáckt) attacked (atáckt) atacar

attempt (atémpt) attempted (atémptid) attempted (atémptid) intentar

attend (aténd) attended (aténdid) attended (aténdid) asistir

attract (atráct) attracted (atráctid) attracted (atráctid) atraer

avoid (avóid) avoided (avóidid) avoided (avóidid) evitar

back (bak) backed (bakt)  backed (bakt)  apoyar

bake (béik) baked (béikt) baked (béikt) hornear

balance (bálans) balanced (bálanst) balanced (bálanst) balancear

ban (ban) banned (bánd) banned (bánd) prohibir

bathe (béid) bathed (béidid) bathed (béidid) bañarse

beg (beg) begged (bégd) begged (bégd) rogar

behave (bijéiv) behaved (bijéivd) behaved (bijéivd) comportarse

belong (bilóng) belonged (bilóngd) belonged (bilóngd) pertenecer

bless (bles) blessed (blest) blessed (blest) bendecir

blind (bláind) blinded (bláindid) blinded (bláindid) enceguecer

blink (blink) blinked (blinkt) blinked (blinkt) parpadear                   

blush (blash) blushed (blasht) blushed (blasht) enrojecer                   

boil (bóil) boiled (bóild) boiled (bóild) hervir

book (buk) booked (bukt) booked (bukt) reservar              

bore (bor) bored (bord) bored (bord) aburrir                

borrow (bórrou) borrowed (bórroud) borrowed (bórroud) pedir prestado                 

bounce (báuns) bounced (báunst) bounced (báunst) rebotar               

brake (bréik) broke (bróuk) broken (bróukn)  frenar                

breathe (brid) breathed (brídid) breathed (brídid) respirar              

brush (brash) brushed (brasht) brushed (brasht) cepillar                 

burn (bern) burned (bernd) burned (bernd) quemar               

bury (béri) buried (bérid) buried (bérid) enterrar     

call (kol) called (kold) called (kold) llamar               

calculate(kálkiuleit)

calculated(kálkiuleirid)

calculated(kálkiuleirid) calcular

camp (kamp) camped (kampt) camped (kampt) acampar

care (ker) cared (kerd) cared (kerd) cuidar

cause (koz) caused (kozd) caused (kozd) causar

challenge (chálindz) challenged (chálindzd) challenged (chálindzd) desafiar

change (chéindz) changed (chéindzd) changed (chéindzd) cambiar

charge (chárdz) charged (chárdzd) charged (chárdzd) cargar

chase (chéis) chased (chéist) chased (chéist) cazar

cheat (chit) cheated (chítid) cheated (chítid) engañar

check (chek) checked (chekt) checked (chekt) verificar

cheer (chir) cheered (chird) cheered (chird) alegrar

chew (chu) chewed (chud) chewed (chud) mascar

claim (kléim) claimed (kléimd) claimed (kléimd) reclamar

clap (kláp) clapped (klápt) clapped (klápt) aplaudir

clean (klin) cleaned (klind) cleaned (klind) limpiar

clear (klíar) cleared (klíard) cleared (klíard) aclarar

close (klóus) closed (klóusd) closed (klóusd) cerrar

collect (kolékt) collected (koléktid) collected (koléktid) cobrar, coleccionar

comb  (kom) combed (komd) combed (komd) peinar

compare (kompér) compared (kompérd) compared (kompérd) comparar

compete (kompít) competed (kompítid) competed (kompítid) competir

complain(kompléin)

complained  (kompléind) complained  (kompléind) quejarse

complete(komplít)

completed (komplítid)

completed (komplítid)

completar

concentrate  (kónsentreit) concentrated  (kónsentreired)

concentrated (kónsentreired)

concentrarse

concern (konsérn) concerned (konsérnd) concerned (konsérnd) concernir

confess (konfés) confessed (konfést) confessed (konfést) confesar

confuse (konfiús) confused (konfiúst) confused (konfiúst) confundir

connect (konékt) connected (konéktid) connected (konéktid) conectar

consider (konsíder) considered (konsíderd)

considered(konsíderd) considerar

consist (konsíst) consisted (konsístid) consisted (konsístid) consistir

contain (kontéin) contained (kontéind) contained (kontéind) contener

continue (kontíniu) continued (kontíniud) continued (kontíniud) continuar

cook (ku:k) cook (ku:kt) cook (ku:kt) cocinar

copy (kópi) copied (kópid) copied (kópid) copiar

correct (korrékt) corrected (korréktid) corrected (korréktid) corregir

cough (kof) coughed (koft) coughed (koft) toser

count (kaunt) counted (káunid) counted (káunid) contar

cover (káver) covered (káverd) covered (káverd) cubrir

crack (krak) cracked (krakt) cracked (krakt) rajar

crash (krash) crashed (krasht) crashed (krasht) embestir

crawl (krol) crawled (krold) crawled (krold) arrastrarse

cross (kros) crossed (krost) crossed (krost) cruzar

crush (krash) crushed (krasht) crushed (krasht) aplastar

cry (krái) cried (kráid) cried (kráid) gritar, llorar

cure (kiúr) cured (kiúrd) cured (kiúrd) curar

curl (kerl) curled (kerld) curled (kerld) enrular

curve (kerb) curved (kerbd) curved (kerbd) curvar

cycle (sáikl) cycled (sáikld) cycled (sáikld) pasear en bicicleta

damage (dámidz) damaged (dámidzd) damaged (dámidzd) dañar

dance (dans) danced (danst) danced (danst) bailar

deceive (disív) deceived (disívd) deceived (disívd) engañar

decide (disáid) decided (disáidid) decided (disáidid) decidir

decorate (dékoreit) decorated (dékoreirid) decorated (dékoreirid) decorar

delay (diléi) delayed (diléid) delayed (diléid) demorar

delete (dilí:t) deleted (dilí:tid) deleted (dilí:tid) suprimir, eliminar, borrar

delight (diláit) delighted (diláirid) delighted (diláirid) deleitar

deliver (delíver) delivered (delíverd) delivered (delíverd) repartir

depend (dipénd) depended (dipénid) depended (dipénid) depender

describe (diskráib) described (diskráibd) described (diskráibd) describir

deserve (disérv) deserved (disérvd) deserved (disérvd) merecer

destroy (distrói) destroyed (distróid) destroyed (distróid) destruir

detect (ditékt) detected (ditéktid) detected (ditéktid) detectar

develop (divélop) developed (divélopt) developed (divélopt) desarrollar

disagree (disagrí) disagreed (disagríd) disagreed (disagríd) no estar de acuerdo

disappear (disapíar)

disappeared(disapíard)

disappeared(disapíard)

desaparecer

discover(diskáver)

discovered(diskáverd)

discovered(diskáverd)

descubrir

dislike (disláik) disliked (disláikt) disliked (disláikt) disgustar

divide (diváid) divided (diváidid) divided (diváidid) dividir

double (dábl) doubled (dábld) doubled (dábld) duplicar

doubt (dáut) doubted (dáurid) doubted (dáurid) dudar

dream (drim) dreamed (drimd) dreamed (drimd) soñar

dress (dres) dressed (drest) dressed (drest) vestir

drop (drop) dropped (drópt) dropped (drópt) dejar caer, caerse

drown (dráun) drowned (dráund) drowned (dráund) ahogar

dry (drái) dried (dráid) dried (dráid) secar

dust (dást) dusted (dástid) dusted (dástid) limpiar

earn (ern) earned (ernd) earned (ernd) ganar

educate (édzukeit) educated (édzukeirid) educated (édzukeirid)  educar

embarrass(imbáras)

embarrassed(imbárast) 

embarrassed(imbárast)  avergonzar

employ (implói) employed (implóid) employed (implóid) emplear

empty (émpti) emptied (émptid) emptied (émptid) vaciar

encourage(inkáridz)

encouraged(inkáridzd)

encouraged(inkáridzd) alentar

end (end) ended (éndid) ended (éndid) finalizar

enjoy (indzói) enjoyed (indzóid) enjoyed (indzóid) disfrutar

enter (éner) entered (énerd) entered (énerd) ingresar

entertain(enertéin)

entertained(enertéind)

entertained(enertéind) entretener

escape (iskéip) escaped (iskéipt) escaped (iskéipt) huir

face (féis) faced (féist) faced (féist) enfrentar

fade (féid) faded (féidid) faded (féidid) decolorarse

fail (féil) failed (féild) failed (féild) fracasar

fancy (fánsi) fancied (fánsid) fancied (fánsid) imaginar, desear

fasten (fásen) fastened (fásend) fastened (fásend) atar

fax (faks) faxed (fakst) faxed (kakst) enviar un fax

fear (fíar) feared (fíard) feared (fíard) temer

fetch (fech) fetched (fecht) fetched (fecht) ir a buscar

file (fáil) filed (fáild) filed (fáild) archivar

fill (fil) filled (fild) filled (fild) llenar

film (film) filmed (filmd) filmed (filmd) filmar

finish (fínish) finished (fínisht) finished (fínisht) terminar

fire (fáier) fired (fáierd) fired (fáierd) disparar, despedir

fit (fit) fitted (fítid) fitted (fítid) caber, encajar

fix (fiks) fixed (fikst) fixed (fikst) reparar

flash (flash) flashed (flasht) flashed (flasht) brillar, centellear

float (flóut) floated (flóurid) floated (flóurid) flotar

flood (flad) flooded (fládid) flooded (fládid) inundarse

flow (flóu) flowed (flóud) flowed (flóud) fluir, circular

flower (fláuer) flowered (fláuerd) flowered (fláuerd) florecer

fold (fóuld) folded (fóuldid) folded (fóuldid) doblar

follow (fólou) followed (fóloud) followed (fóloud) seguir, continuar

fool (ful) fooled (fuld) fooled (fuld) engañar

force (fors) forced (forst) forced (forst) forzar

form (form) formed (formd) formed (formd) formar

found (fáund) founded (fáundid) founded (fáundid) fundar

frame (fréim) framed (fréimd) framed (fréimd) enmarcar

frighten (fráiren) frightened (fráirend) frightened (fráirend) asustar

fry (frái) fried (fráid) fried (fráid) freír

gather (gáder) gathered (gáderd) gathered (gáderd) recoger

greet (grit) greeted (grírid) greeted (grírid) saludar

graduate (grádueit) graduated (grádueirid) graduated (grádueirid) graduarse

grease (gris) greased (grist) greased (grist) engrasar

groan (gróun) groaned (gróund) groaned (gróund) gruñir

guess (ges) guessed (gest) guessed (gest) adivinar

guide (gáid) guided (gáidid) guided (gáidid) guiar

hammer (jámer) hammered (jámerd) hammered (jámerd) martillar

hand (jand) handed (jándid) handed (jándid) pasar, entregar

hang (jang) hanged (jangd) hanged (jangd) colgar, ahorcar

happen (jápen) happened (jápend) happened (jápend) suceder

harm (járm) harmed (jármd) harmed (jármd) dañar

hate (jéit) hated (jéirid) hated (jéirid) odiar

head (jéd) headed (jédid)  headed (jédid) encabezar

heat (jit) heated (jírid) heated (jírid) calentar

help (jelp) helped (jelpt) helped (jelpt) ayudar

hunt (jant)  hunted (jánid)  hunted (jánid)  cazar, ir de caza

hope  (jóup) hoped  (jóupt) hoped  (jóupt) esperar con ansiedad

hug (jág) hugged (jágd) hugged (jágd) abrazar

hurry (jári) hurried (járid) hurried (járid) apurarse

identify (aidéntifai) identified (aidéntifaid) identified (aidéntifaid) identificar

ignore (ignór) ignored (ignórd) ignored (ignórd) ignorar

imagine (imádzin) imagined (imádzind) imagined (imádzind) imaginar

impress (imprés) impressed (imprést) impressed (imprést) impresionar

improve (imprúv) improved (imprúvd) improved (imprúvd) mejorar

include (inklúd) included (inklúdid) included (inklúdid) incluir

increase (inkrís) increased (inkríst) increased (inkríst) aumentar

influence (ínfluens) influenced (ínfluenst) influenced (ínfluenst) influenciar

inform (infórm) informed (infórmd) informed (infórmd) informar

inject (indzékt) injected (indzékrid) injected (indzékrid) inyectar

injure (índzur) injured (índzurd) injured (índzurd) herir, lesionar

introduce (introdiús) introduced (introdiúst) introduced (introdiúst) presentar

instruct (instrákt) instructed (instrákrid) instructed (instrákrid) instruir

intend (inténd) intended (inténdid) intended (inténdid) intentar

interest (íntrest) interested (íntrestid) interested (íntrestid) interesar

interfere (interfír) interfered (interfírd) interfered (interfírd) interferir

interrupt (interápt) interrupted (interáptid) interrupted (interáptid) interrumpir

invent (invént) invented (invénid) invented (invénid) inventar

invite (inváit) invited (inváirid) invited (inváirid) invitar

irritate (íriteit) irritated (íriteirid) irritated (íriteirid) irritar

jail (dzéil) jailed (dzéild) jailed (dzéild) encarcelar

join (dzóin) joined (dzóind) joined (dzóind) unir, juntar

joke (dzóuk) joked (dzóukt) joked (dzóukt) bromear

judge (dzadz) judged (dzadzd) judged (dzadzd) juzgar

jump (dzamp) jumped (dzampt) jumped (dzampt) saltar

kick (kik) kicked (kikt) kicked (kikt) patear

kill (kil) killed (kilt) killed (kilt) matar

kiss (kis) kissed (kist) kissed (kist) besar

kneel (nil) kneeled (nild) USA kneeled (nild) USA arrodillarse

knit (nit) knitted (níltid) knitted (nítid) tejer

knock (nok) knocked (nokt) knocked (nokt) golpear

knot (not) knotted (nótid) knotted (nótid) anudar

label (léibl) labelled (léibld) labelled (léibld) etiquetar

land (land) landed (lándid) landed (lándid) aterrizar

last (last) lasted (lástid) lasted (lástid) durar

laugh (laf) laughed (laft) laughed (laft) reírse

launch (lonch) launched (loncht) launched (loncht) lanzar

level (lével) levelled (léveld) levelled (léveld) nivelar

lick (lik) licked (likt) licked (likt) lamer

lighten (láitn) lightened (láitnd) lightened (láitnd) iluminar, alivianar

like (láik) liked (láikt) liked (láikt) gustar

list (list)  listed (lístid)  listed (lístid)  listar

listen (lísen)  listened (lísend)  listened (lísend)  escuchar

live (liv)  lived (livd)  lived (livd)  vivir

load (lóud)  loaded (lóudid)  loaded (lóudid)  cargar

lock (lok)  locked (lokt)  locked (lokt)  cerrar con llave

long (long)  longed (longd)  longed (longd)  durar

look (luk)  looked (lukt)  looked (lukt)  mirar

love (lav)  loved (lavd)  loved (lavd)  amar

manage (mánidz) managed (mánidzd) managed (mánidzd) administrar

march (march) marched (marcht) marched (marcht) marchar

mark (mark) marked (markt) marked (markt) marcar

marry (mári) married (márid) married (márid) casarse

match (mach) matched (macht) matched (macht) hacer juego

measure (méshar) measured (méshard) measured (méshard) medir

melt (melt) melted (méltid) melted (méltid) derretirse

memorise

(mémoraiz)

memorised

(mémoraizd)

memorised

(mémoraizd)

memorizar

mend (mend) mended (méndid) mended (méndid) remendar

milk (milk) milked (milkt) milked (milkt) ordeñar

miss (mis) missed (mist) missed (mist) perder, extrañar

mix (miks) mixed (mikst) mixed (mikst) mezclar

move (muv) moved (muvd) moved (muvd) mover, mudarse

multiply (máltíplai) multiplied (móltí-pláid) multiplied (móltí-pláid) multiplicar

murder (mérder) murdered (mérderd) murdered (mérderd) asesinar

nail (néil) nailed (néild) nailed (néild) clavar

name (néim) named (néimd) named (néimd) nombrar

need (nid) needed (nídid) needed (nídid) necesitar

note  (nóut) noted (nóurid) noted (nóurid) advertir, fijarse en

notice (nóuris) noticed (nóurist) noticed (nóurist) prestar atención

number (námber) numbered (námberd) numbered (námberd) numerar

obey (obéi) obeyed (obéid) obeyed (obéid) obedecer

object (obdzékt) objected (obdzéktid) objected (obdzéktid) objetar

observe (obsérv) observed (obsérvd) observed (obsérvd) observar

obtain (obtéin) obtained (obtéind) obtained (obtéind) obtener

offend (ofénd) offended (oféndid) offended (oféndid) ofender

offer (ófer) offered (óferd) offered (óferd) ofrecer

open (óupen) opened (óupend) opened (óupend) abrir

order (órder) ordered (órderd) ordered (órderd) ordenar, pedir

overflow  (ouverflóu) overflowed (ouverflóud) overflowed (ouverflóud) inundar

owe (óu) owed (óud) owed (óud) adeudar

pack (pak) packed (pakt) packed (pakt) empacar

paint (péint) painted (péinid) painted (péinid) pintar

park (park) parked (parkt) parked (parkt) estacionar

pass (pas) passed (past) passed (past) pasar, aprobar

paste (péist) pasted (péistid) pasted (péistid) pegar

pat (pat) patted (párid) patted (párid) acariciar

pause (poz) paused (pozd) paused (pozd) detenerse

pedal (pédal) pedalled (pédald) pedalled (pédald) pedalear

peel (pil) peeled (pild) peeled (pild) pelar

peep (pip) peeped (pipt) peeped (pipt) echar una ojeada

perform (perfórm) performed (perfórmd) performed (perfórmd) ejecutar

phone (fóun) phoned (fóund) phoned (fóund) llamar por teléfono

pick (pik) picked (pikt) picked (pikt) recoger, levantar

plan (plan) planned (pland) planned (pland) planear, planificar

plant (plant) planted (plánid) planted (plánid) plantar

place (pléis) placed (pléist) placed (pléist) ubicar

play (pléi) played (pléid) played (pléid)tocar un instrumento,

jugar

please (pliz) pleased (plizd) pleased (plizd) complacer

plug (plag)  plugged (plagd)  plugged (plagd) conectar

point (póint)  pointed (póinid) pointed (póinid) señalar

polish (pólish)  polished (pólisht) polished (pólisht) lustrar

possess (posés)  possessed (posést) possessed (posést) poseer

post (póust)  posted (póustid) posted (póustid) enviar por correo

pour (por) poured (pord) poured (pord) derramar

practise (práktis) practised (práktist) practised (práktist) practicar

pray (préi) prayed (préid) prayed (préid) rezar

precede (prousíd) preceded (prousídid) preceded (prousídid) preceder

prefer (prífér) preferred (priférd) preferred (priférd) preferir

prepare (pripér) prepared (pripérd) prepared (pripérd) preparar

present (prizént) presented (prizénid) presented (prizénid) presentar, regalar

press (pres) pressed (prest) pressed (prest) presionar, apretar

pretend (priténd) pretended (priténid) pretended (priténid) fingir

prevent (privént) prevented (privénid) prevented (privénid) impedir

print (print) printed (prínid) printed (prínid) imprimir

produce (prodús) produced (prodúst) produced (prodúst) producir

program

(prógram)

programmed

prógramd)

programmed

prógramd)

programar

promise (prómis) promised (prómist) promised (prómist) prometer

protect (protékt) protected (protéktid) protected (protéktid) proteger

provide (prováid) provided (prováidid) provided (prováidid) proveer

pull (pul) pulled (puld) pulled (puld) tirar de

pump (pamp) pumped (pampt) pumped (pampt) bombear

punish (pánish) punished (pánisht) punished (pánisht) castigar

push (push) pushed (pusht) pushed (pusht) empujar

queue (kiú) queued (kiúd) queued (kiúd)  hacer cola

rain (réin) rained (réind) rained (réind) llover

raise (réiz) raised (réizd) raised (réizd) levantar

reach (rich) reached (richt) reached (richt) alcanzar

realise (ríalaiz) realised (ríalaizd) realised (ríalaizd) darse cuenta

receive (risív) received (risívd) received (risívd) recibir

recognise

(ríkognaiz)

recognised (ríkognaizd) recognised (ríkognaizd) reconocer

record (rikórd) recorded (rikórdid) recorded (rikórdid) grabar

reduce (ridiús) reduced  (ridiúst) reduced (ridiúst) reducir

reflect (riflékt) reflected (rifléktid) reflected (rifléktid) reflejar

refuse (rifiúz) refused (rifiúzd) refused (rifiúzd) rechazar

regret (rigrét) regretted (rigrétid) regretted (rigrétid) lamentarse

relax (riláks) relaxed (rilákst) relaxed (rilákst) relajarse

release (rilís) released (rilíst) released (rilíst) soltar

rely (relái) relied (reláid) relied (reláid) confiar

remain (riméin) remained (riméind) remained (riméind) permanecer

remember

(rimémber)

remembered

(rimémberd)

remembered

(rimémberd)

recordar

remind (rimáind) reminded (rimáindid) reminded (rimáindid) acordarse de

remove (rimúv) removed (rimúvd) removed (rimúvd) eliminar

rent (rent) rent (rénid) rent (rénid) alquilar

repair (ripér) repaired (ripérd) repaired (ripérd) reparar

repeat (ripít) repeated (ripírid) repeated (ripírid) repetir

replace (ripléis) replaced (ripléist) replaced (ripléist) reemplazar

reply (replái) replied (repládt) replied (repládt) responder

report (ripórt) reported (ripórid) reported (ripórid) informar

reproduce

(riprodiús)

reproduced

(riprodiúst)

reproduced

(riprodiúst)

reproducir

request (rikuést) requested (rikuéstid) requested (rikuéstid) solicitar

rescue (réskiu) rescued (réskiud) rescued (réskiud) rescatar

retire (ritáir) retired (ritáird) retired (ritáird) jubilarse

return (ritérn) returned (ritérnd) returned (ritérnd) regresar

rhyme (ráim) rhymed (ráimd) rhymed (ráimd) rimar

rinse (rins) rinsed (rinst) rinsed (rinst) enjuagar

risk (risk) risked (riskt) risked (riskt) arriesgar

rob (rób) robbed (róbd) robbed (róbd) robar

row (róu) rowed (róud) rowed (róud) remar

rub (rab) rubbed (rábd) rubbed (rábd) frotar

ruin (rúin) ruined (rúind) ruined (rúind) arruinar

rule (rul) ruled (ruld) ruled (ruld) regir, dominar

sack (sak) sacked (sakt) sacked (sakt) despedir

sail (séil) sailed (séild) sailed (séild) navegar

satisfy (satisfái) satisfied (satisfáid) satisfied (satisfáid) satisfacer

save (séiv) saved (séivd) saved (séivd) salvar, ahorrar, guardar

scream (skrim) screamed (skrimd) screamed (skrimd) gritar

screw (skru) screwed (skrud) screwed (skrud) atornillar

seal (sil) sealed (sild) sealed (sild) sellar

search (serch) searched (sercht) searched (sercht) buscar

separate (sépareit) separated (sépareirid) separated (sépareirid) separar

serve (serv) served (servd) served (servd) servir

settle (setl) settled (setld) settled (setld) establecer

share (sher) shared (sherd) shared (sherd) compartir

shave (shéiv) shaved (shéivd) shaved (shéivd) afeitarse

shelter (shélter) sheltered (shélterd) sheltered (shélterd) proteger, resguardar

shop (shop) shopped (shópt) shopped (shópt) comprar

sigh (sái) sighed (sáid) sighed (sáid) suspirar

sign (sáin) signed (sáind) signed (sáind) firmar

signal (sígnal) signalled (sígnald) signalled (sígnald) hacer señales

sin (sín) sinned (sínd) sinned (sínd) pecar

ski (ski) skied (skid) skied (skid) esquiar

skip (skíp) skipped (skípt) skipped (skípt) saltearse

slip (slíp) slipped (slípt) slipped (slípt) deslizarse 

slow (slóu) slowed (slóud) slowed (slóud) disminuir la velocidad

smell (smel) smelled (smeld) smelled (smeld) oler

smile (smáil) smiled (smáild) smiled (smáild) sonreír

smoke (smóuk) smoked (smóukt) smoked (smóukt) fumar

sneeze (sniz) sneezed (snizd) sneezed (snizd) estornudar

snore (snor) snored (snord) snored (snord) roncar

snow (snóu) snowed (snóud) snowed (snóud) nevar

soak (sóuk) soaked (sóukt) soaked (sóukt) empapar

sound (sáund) sounded (sáundid) sounded (sáundid) sonar

spell (spel) spelled (speld) spelled (speld) deletrear

spill (spil) spilled (spild) spilled (spild) derramar

spoil (spóil) spoiled (spóild) spoiled (spóild) malcriar

spray (spréi) sprayed (spréid) sprayed (spréid) vaporizar

start (start) started (stárid) started (stárid) arrancar, comenzar

stay (stéi) stayed (stéid) stayed (stéid) quedarse, permanecer

stop (stop) stopped (stópt) stopped (stópt) pararse, detenerse

store (stor) stored (stord) stored (stord) almacenar

stretch (strech) stretched (strecht) stretched (strecht) estirar

succeed (saksíd) succeeded (saksídid) succeeded (saksídid) tener éxito

suffer (sáfer) suffered (sáferd) suffered (sáferd) sufrir

suggest (sadzést) suggested (sadzéstid) suggested (sadzéstid) sugerir

supply (saplái) supplied (sapláid) supplied (sapláid) proveer

support (sapórt) supported (sapórid) supported (sapórid) apoyar

suppose (supóus) supposed (supóust) supposed (supóust) suponer

surprise (supráiz) surprised (supráizd) surprised (supráizd) sorprender

surround (suráund) surrounded (suráunid) surrounded (suráunid) rodear

suspect (saspékt) suspected (saspéktid) suspected (saspéktid) sospechar

suspend (saspénd) suspended (saspénid) suspended (saspénid) colgar

switch (suích) switched (suícht) switched (suícht) cambiar, enchufar

talk (tok) talked (tokt) talked (tokt) conversar

taste (téist) tasted (tésitid) tasted (téistid) saborear

tease (tiz) teased (tizd) teased (tizd) tomar el pelo, atormentar

telephone (télefoun) telephoned (télefound) telephoned (télefound) llamar por teléfono

tempt (tempt) tempted (témptid) tempted (témptid) tentar

terrify (térrifai) terrified (térri-fáid) terrified (térri-fáid) aterrorizar

test (test) tested (téstid) tested (téstid) comprobar

thank (senk) thanked (senkt) thanked (senkt) agradecer

tick (tik) ticked (tikt) ticked (tikt) tildar, marcar

tidy (táidi) tidied (táidid) tidied (táidid) ordenar

tie (tái) tied (táid) tied (táid) atar

tip (típ) tipped (típt) tipped (típt) dar propina

touch (tach) touched (tacht) touched (tacht) tocar

tow (tóu) towed (tóud) towed (tóud) remolcar

trade (tréid) traded (tréidid) traded (tréidid) comerciar, negociar

train (tréin) trained (tréind) trained (tréind) entrenar

transport

(transpórt)

transported

(transpórid)

transported

(transpórid)

transportar

travel (trável) travelled (tráveld) travelled (tráveld) viajar

tremble (trembl) trembled (trembld) trembled (trembld) temblar

trust (trast) trusted (trástid) trusted (trástid) confiar

try (trái) tried (tráid) tried (tráid) tratar, intentar 

turn (tern) turned (ternd) turned (ternd) volver, dar vuelta

twist (tuíst) twisted (tuístid) twisted (tuístid) doblar

type (táip) typed (táipt) typed (táipt) escribir a máquina

use (iúz) used (iúzd) used (iúzd) usar

vanish (vánish) vanished (vánisht) vanished (vánisht) desaparecer

visit (vísit) visited (vísirid) visited (vísirid) visitar

wait (wéit) waited (wéirid) waited (wéirid) esperar

walk (wok) walked (wokt) walked (wokt) caminar

want (wont) wanted (wónid) wanted (wónid) querer

warn (worn) warned (wornd) warned (wornd) advertir

wash (wosh) washed (wosht) washed (wosht) lavar

waste (wéist) wasted (wéistid) wasted (wéistid) gastar, desperdiciar

watch (woch) watched (wocht) watched (wocht) vigilar

weigh (wéi) weighed (wéirid) weighed (wéirid) pesar

welcome (wélkam) welcomed (wélkamd) welcomed (wélkamd)agradecer, recibir,

dar la bienvenida, 

whisper (wísper) whispered (wísperd) whispered (wísperd) susurrar

whistle (wisl) whistle (wisld) whistle (wisld) silbar

wipe (wáip) wiped (wáipt) wiped (wáipt) limpiar, secar

wish (wish) wished (wisht) wished (wisht) desear

wonder (wánder) wondered (wánderd) wondered (wánderd) imaginarse, preguntarse

work (werk) worked (werkt) worked (werkt) trabajar

worry (uári) worried (uárid) worried (uárid) preocuparse

yawn (ión) yawned (iónd) yawned (iónd) bostezar

yell (iél) yelled (iéld) yelled (iéld) gritar

zoom (zum) zoomed (zumd) zoomed (zumd) pasar muy rápido,  acercar