~ d a ~ w u ~ o ~ n ' n a i u ~ useGwui &nu

u7n-n 29 ~ ~ ~ o i u i n w i i ~ t l n ' y ~ f i m nsaunia quaw at6nr:uau nan'ns d ~ F ~ T C ~ J ~ ~ U ~ J $ U Lon%u ~46lI~LElnTl~ El46Il3??.dlr I O I ~ I J U U P I ~ ~ ~ R ~ ~ U ~ T Z ~ O U ~ ~ T

~ ~ a r m ~ l j u k n u ~ u c i ~ ~ ~ u n ~ ~ u ~ ~ u u ~ ~ u o ~ ~ u ~ u Ins<mnreumnmfiuu~n~ uI y nau

LdaIviauauinm<am~$n W D U S ~ i n 7 r u m ~ n ~ n m u i V j y i1am LLBZF~L~ an mi

?D0yy~ua:?nom~si~q ~da$mu~~uauZ1?'~a~nr ia~n'u~niw~~~~ u s : n ~ i u 6 ~ n i r nu& ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ L L R ~ L ~ ~ O U I J S ~ R U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J " ~ U ~ ~ ~ M ~ ~ P ~ ~ ~ U

u7ns-1 30 ~ ~ ~ n ~ w d n w w ' ~ u ~ n ~ = : ' ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ t l ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ diitlreen%nlw ~ ~ u ~ ~ n i - r r i ~ ~ f i u ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ o ~ m u ~ ~ ~ ~ o ' t l L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ L ~ x I ~ ~ H u ~ ' Y ~ P ~ ~ u Z U I L ~ ~ R : s t n " s J n d n ~ 7

~~nwxnaCyy%n~~4n~~ui~'tl?6 w .R. 2562 11~1.4 d n h a i ; ~ uu2nmG rnsanw FQMaAwdu% m\fimnuhuiioo~nquau o~n'nnlnn~o~hurio~h nnqh

A t RIRU~ r n u d ~ ~ n ~ u n i ~ U ~ ~ O U 7 I~ninlR3~nn~n1~fitlu$H'n'u$rSou SWWJ ni&

i s a u l d u n ~ ~ i n ~ ~ n ~ n~da:rnn~mi L ~ O I ~ I U ~ R U L O J Gau~n~aun?~ LLR:WIR~U~I;JRU i81d16 nin28r ~ a d 7 n l u C f ~ n ~ i ~ i J n d 1 3 ~ ' 7 d 6 ~ rnorii~n"n =j dfiwq~n.r.nlni~fi$

~~~:16fiuu$adisau~~~ri7~~n~un'au

i d a a ~ ~ n mdnw Wa m . r s n m i u t r n ~ ~ ~ ~ w ' u a ~ u ~ ~ 6 ~Uwni~3ndad aae

msn~:~nadfln~u~~~c~uio~nim:~ n ~ . r d n ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ u o ~ n n ? ~ u a u ~ n n f : ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ i v B J R J i iarhh~nn <un% n m o J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ G W U U U ? ~ I J ~ ~ ~ H I U P Z ~ ~ A T S ~ ~ tdnIfiua6mum-iu i

vu d d d A .ran ua:~nauatnnn~ndu~~Bi~~di njdri~u~nnnwfin~ (oi~ii~lwgnu a u i i t r i .

Y

2530 : 26) n i m i ~ ~wmz~uu~o wu ad n ~ r n r : v i ~ r ~ a l ~ t f i ~ n n ~ u u ~ ~ u dnng$mlu u d ' v - v$n~m~n~sdnwi fiqguuu niunirswGn?~uoo~n~ ~~a: in~~6uni7vin~~u$m U~IT

k inn Fiuniinnao~uRi~nrio:w11n71~1~ ddrifilaei~su$ d i 413

at rnmumoIG4~n ouIn'i7 n~njtsnuih'rmlriru~~ I M n 7 I R L I R O U ~ ~ ~ ~ F ~ ~ I I I ~ ~ U R T ~ *, i J " d

W I ~ ~ ~ U ~ U $ ~ U I ~ ~ ~ H ~ U ~ ' U H ~ ' ~ ~ D ~ d o o z ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r n u ~ ~ i u w u t u n ~ ~ n u n ~ ~ ' ~ " ~ a ~ ~ ~ i l o u ~ i ~ i o l i r i n u i n i t n i ~ u ~ l 6 d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m ~ ~ n ' ~ ~ ~ r " l n ~ 1 u ~ u ' ~ k n"lC~ulnn~nalwi n$ad

nas~Riuus~I$i~-@iohJ Fiwn5dold ~ w n ~ n ~ s c i u n i ~ ~ i n ~ ~ u ~ ~ f l u 2 1 ~ z m n i ~ d 0 ~ ~ t l 0 ~ a t u B i n u~:d.r:mni.mioiJu~~%~ti~uun~wu~~aa uaedrauwahdo ~ i f i a d ~ ~ ~ ~ u

1- .I -a 4 axhJr?nn& nidoua=fFnuw' ~ n n u e a a ~ ~ ~ ~ z ~ r i d o r r u o a7mp~q:iirm-1W usinlo rii

rrntiamur.arr r d o ~ ~ n i ~ u m u ~ n 7 d u d ~ d rrar

iqmfi l

~ u n i ~ ~ ~ r n d e u n i s * ~ u i u h ~ ~ l u h w n ~ r u r n r r n ~ d ~ = : n u ~ n 1 ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 1 ~ ~ d

(2541 n : 34) n h j l driu?n~~~~~=;~tn~s~wn~st'rerun~raaunnsi ~ M R ~ L I $nywi~~:% .I u n i ~ a a u u ~ r i % r i n ? ~ u ~ ~ 7 t l m ~ ~ n ~ u 7 n ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ l n ~ a e ~ r i ~ u " u &lufXimot'bnlr

Y * U aou d m u ~ s n r i i u 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ n 7 s r ~ " w ~ ~ ~ f i 0 ~ 1 6 ~ r i i ~ ~ ~ u 1 = : ~ % ~ hoeii~lng~3tlu~finn1~fi~1tbi odmSn7iutp r"su~~a~ii~~iiuotni?u fiou$inrnnlfiuEioi~ iinu~i~ufullnns8u

i r a ~ l i r n r i n . r ~ u ~ u n ~ s ~ " s ~ u ~ $ i a ~ w ~ ~ ~ ~ 7J i 5n~~duun~r raud i7~~~0 Iimu~rnmiunlG~Gu r bJ ' ~ ' o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w n ~ ~ ~ " s u u ~ d s ~ ~ n n ~ ~ d ~ = : ~ n n ~ t b ~ mu

I. n ~ r ~ o u n i r ~ a u ~ u u ~ s ~ u i n-13 (Integration) iiJun7~Fmnisfisui hula* Y

nmu! nmu~C+ila uaninwzl~m~ai ~ % i a 7 c i i ~ 7 u ~ n n l l I iawuld ~doi i69~~7 ~"raumm~n?iui n ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u d o ~ ~ n d a m i f ~ f i ~ ~ ; i ~ f i u ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ n f i . a " ~ ~ ~ u ~ dr:m n~mr'

n~~umuimiirr :ni i~~~ 7 lut~ails-Su f i ~ ~ ~ % n n u ~ ~ ~ ~ u r U " i l o Z ~ A " n ~ w a ~ 6 4 7 ~ -4, a

$4 a t k ~ a l ~ { f i a w ~ f i r n n ~ ~ 1 7 t l u ~ n ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ a ~ n r i l u n ~ ~ ~ 5 l i t l ~ ~ ~ i ~ n ~ w I n ~ ~ ~ u ~ n l l l ~ ~ a o~now4uotf i f d1g~m~fi07snn ril

~ o l ~ r w 7 ~ $ a ~ 7 i n q d ~ ~ m 7 n 7 f mu~mddni i luyamln~~~~wSn~ unry .rorqrnrr:~i7~

ia, n i r j w 3 n r i h ~ % r n ~ ~ f m ~ n ~ ~ ~ : ~ i l J ? ~ $ u ~ i ~ k i 4 Kr-iuw Aa nmaou y mi

niruuusaolunm imu(wwu uuunaiam+u ~ia:uuu$~ula~ U U d

2. ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ A ~ u u u u ~ R s ~ ~ I T ~pproach) r i l u n ~ ~ ~ ~ n l o m ~ l ~ ~ ~ r t l u ' A h ~ Z a n i i ~ n ~ n w rh~umdndo:inw v ~ s a I n s ~ n i ~ ~ m r l o o : v i ~ n ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ umur oa Iu&i

~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J L ~ / ~ ~ Q O S ~ W " U ~ ~ L I ~ ~ ~ F I ' T P 1lia~n1wil~n~~~ilu~17~1uii"?~d~:57?"~ L~JU da X n~n~~~nn1a~fi~H'ireuI~naitlf~~~u8mn~nn~ deu~tl4riuwic$~u~u~$ifl??ufl~ii U

i j m w ~ u ~ u ~ o n n C a ~ uar~#ndtl~n"u I n l . a ' n " n : ~ ! l u n ~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ u m 3 ~ u $ i a ~ n ~ ~ UAE

m?u~tab ~~~l;ir6n'iiirr'auina~x1S"uij61~au ~ 1 ~ 1 ~ ~ 5 u ' o ' L u s l ~ r a ~ R ~ ? U G ~ ~ ~ X I R & ~ m36 n - K n l c n i n l ~ ~ ~ u n $ u n a ~ u w s ~ u ~ u u a r n ~ ~ u r o ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ n ~ a I I ~ u ~ ~ ~ t b nvfiown~raaw

~ i u ~ ~ n r ~ n ~ s ~ ~ u i ' m n ~ w o u ~ ~ ~ r l u ~ = : ~ l u ~wn:ri11~~6nnmfiowf a674 o d7r~alnnms

l u n ~ 7 t G u ~ L uat~do~mnkCiirtrur f i ~ a ~ u ~ h u ~ ~ ~ ~ u a n ~ w ~ S ~ o ' T ~ i j a r l ~ l k u i r o

I~~IIJI+&JU+~ nQ~i7 ir i*n-13r~uu~ n77 UMUI uuinuYu 3. ~ ~ G u u $ H u ~ & ~ T G ~ ~ ~ Y I (Case study) i~~n~<rnn7~irsunl~~~udl~'

HiinuIGna~filru~n Y n:edo~rniw ~ d o ~ o ~ e ~ i l u ~ n i w i l ~ ~ ~ d ~ ? i 6 1 ~ u o ' r ~ ~ i a

~ n ~ u r n ~ n i i l ~ ~ d & ~ u InuiinmriununuG~+~ riluldnw knnd n3dnu i d n~suan\daouu'oyan'~~nn~did 7 Al#tnu'o~~n7ma?~~7n37~f~ri1~~~7n~~70 h r

4. m~finuni~~nulnol.n*w'n~=:n~=:~~~n7 ~ n w ? n t l (Scientific Method

Skills) ~ilum~~~mmm~dri*~Qn~~nd~~~i~~~mm1~1a~il~K~~u~a laol%n3:uqunlr

5. ~ ~ T ~ S L I U ~ ~ ~ R B U ~ ~ O ~ ~ ~ ~ J J I U ~ ~ ~ ~ I R I R ~ ~ (Science Project) i i l ~ i i ~ f I 3 l u a . 1 1 ~kua~uinu~~~nniuat~nmTu1ati d~riulri~nfioulnk~ijad~ua m r v l &nil ~ ~ n m u i

U U d h ~ t u n 1 r n - i : ~ ~ y ~ ~ t r u i i i n n 7 7 u f i ~ n?quaainf osin tfiu rnu-~ro?~ ibctunna n ~ r r l E eY

nmui ~nnnudrc~~d~ah~~nd ia~ nun4 %LLX h s ~ ~ i i o ~ ~ a a u n u naomquthdl

oiulGtficlrn.rGn Gmsnu Cm~uuc~Gouuatfi;a ~ ~ ~ e n m u 6 ~ 1 l ~ i l ~ Y ~ m u L M U ~ Z R ~

ri? d n i i a uanoinU"~~:<a i I t s 'n~ ' s~6~~~~; - U id ab%%fn A " J I ~ ~ I U M I R ' U H ~ ~ ~ ~ A ~ $ ; ~ G O J nu

~n~wimsi r ia ida~

7. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U U ~ ~ T R J U U Y U U ~ * ~ Q M I (Problem Solving) niri;n namnlrn d * Y ~~nlilqm~nnuuk$iatii~ida::h%niw ~ u s r r i ~ ~ ~ ~ n n ~ n ~ l u Q ~ n u ~ 4 ~ t i ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ l r n n-13

~ n r i l q ~ ? ~ R ' o d ~ ~ i i i ] s = : h t n ~ w ~nniru*iJrya~ o ~ J L ~ M S ~ Y U 0~unnur~wna:u?uni3

aa:un"il$~q~&~u~ih'~?uitl ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ n d w ~ n ? ~ u n i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l n ~ a l u n m 5 ~ n n z 6 3 ~ ~ d r6nh ~ d a f i ~ n 2 ~ u i ~ ~ I o i [ ~ n 7 a r i ~ ~ ~ m ~ ~ < ~ Pnl~o7nibm3utiJq~i O~WMR?IIHR+I LI

~"aan?"rmlsu6~~~1d1tllu7::aud~~ k~~~r i l?8n?r~rr i i l~~mkq 'Ldnnnu~~~n' luQq~qlu A * X arnunmnliio 3 fis~.rruiclamaun'.ilq~in~nm~~ d?ud;~uu?ni t r n s ~ ~ n ' i l ~ ~ 7 LL$??I~

~ ~ J i k i r ~ ~ : L ~ ~ ~ I ~ I N ~ I - ~ L L ~ " ~ ~ H ~ U " U 7 ni~ilnd~~~Tiijgn7~m~1~$n1zuq~n71C~na73 a ri l t aih~nua ~ r r l ~ \ f l ~ l n u C q i d ~ a i j l l r Z n % n l w dm:alumnri?~d'l.a"lunls ~ I ~ J ~ ~ R ~ U O U ~ C I W D L ~ I ~ L M U I ~ R U

8. ni~iiaumsnautd ~ & J R ' ~ I ~ I (Comtwctivism) L ~ W ~ ~ ~ S ~ R O I U ~ T ~ ~

i~l iY~inmn~sln mun~anl i l p ~ i d ~ l ~ ~ Y " t b ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ i i ~ n a i u 1 i i ~ u e ! a [ ~ U A U I U R ~ ~ U R ~ <A b- ide to7n$al?en~~uf ~ i i n ~ r ~ u ' l ~ ~ f l e ~ w n ~ " s ~ I r i ~ a 1 n ~ ' o ~ n ' ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ an~wm.rrunlmruri~

Wfi~n7.rfioisnr?lnin'~~~~ri73fiii031~1~7:M" ~ la 'o~~rAot0 lu lnon i5~~11~1 LI om5 u~ u e u

~~an~diuun?~u@~n'uu~=:n"u n m i m ~ ~ u $ ~ r j u a : ~ n u ~ ~ ~ u u ~ ~ u ~ u m u ilu~ficlnawr

n 3 7 ~ 6 ~ 1 I ~ i L L ~ ~ J ? L I ~ U L ~ ~ U I I %ITCL~~ ~ ~ Q A O U rt7IIR~T6aljwnn$ia U J I ~ ~ L ~ O R D

n q ~ u $ ~ ~ ~ ~ f i ~ # v ~ u o r ~ m 7 7 u ~ u ~ s n a " + u ~ u n - i ~ ~ n u ~ r ~ u d i a rn.rCnnrnun~so~ri d' Y Y d ~ R m n l . r a i i ~ n 7 w p o t l i i l ~ L ~ ~ M ~ K ~ % ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ Q u u I ~ ~ ~ x I ~ ~ ~ J ~ " u ~ ~ ~ u T " ~ M ~ U \mylamn

a i i ~ n m u i 6 w n u ~ o ~ a P ~ ~ i l u n ~ ~ u f ~ i i n ~ i u n u i ~ ~ r i . l ~ r " u ~ f i ~ ~ u d

9. n l ~ f i ~ ~ n 7 3 ~ n ~ ~ ~ a f i ~ f l 3 7 ~ 6 6 1 ~ 3 ~ ~ 0 @ (Concept Attainment) ~ h n ' i

o'n~n~un~sdM"rPseu~ r i n u w ~ ~ w ~ t u a e ~ ' n w n a = : i a u p ~ o d ~ ~ s i ~ ~ lnuW4nlmVnAn a ' * k L ~ R hww~aw~:u~:R'n~na=: iau~ DJHJU'U ~ 7 u ' a ~ ~ d l n ' u ~ ~ f i a u ~ f l t l i l i w u n ~ i l w

H U ? R H ~ ~ U K ~ ' I ~ W ~ ~ U ' U D ~ ~ ~ ~ " U 7 L ~ O I ~ ~ L ~ ~ W O Y I U L Y ' ~ I O I U ~ ~ ~ U O ~~'I~%ILPU LLR: E U W ~ U A H Z

~ r w ? r n t i ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ n u i f i ~ ~ ~ ' n ~ ~ l ~ ~ w 0 ~ ~ 3 ~ 3 A O ~ ~ U C I ~ ~ J U I I J ~ U U ~ ~ J U R I R ~ U J a rt

~niiimnir n~rnr~nu~nrmm.mnIuni~fiQ~G~iaw~ o u l 6 ~ q a ~ d u a 6 u m L L W ~ T ~ J

~ ~ ~ e ~ n u ~ n ~ o u r i u r e ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ 7 a t i~~mnl l ju U ~ I ~ J ~ ~ ~ R ~ J L H ~ ~ U I ~ M I ~ U?G~TII~U~GI ~ilun+u~u?n~li u ilxmnu"w~ o e v i ? I ~ " u ~ ~ i u ~ ~ Z o I u d ~ d ~ ~ 7 o l i u l i a u moungu uon

Y d a u o l n d n ~ s ~ n d u ~ ~ ~ f i n n n a ~ ~ ~ o ~ n w ~ a ~ ~ ~ s i ~ ~ 1 . r a ~ n ~ r c n s n a r u c r i l u ~ r n ~ a l i ~ ~ U

~nws:~ilu~n'iadn h ~ ~ ~ t b n i ~ v l ~ n 7 1 ~ 1 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ s i souniddn?~u~i luu7~~~1uuin $u r ~ n ~ o : r i l w m d ; a ~ i j o ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i u ~ u " ~ ' 1 ~ 1 ~ ~ d 7 l u ~ 5 n d ~ n ~ i u r i l u u i u a 1 5 ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 n 1 4 V

10. m 3 d ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ a ~ l $ n ~ : ~ 7 ~ n 7 ~ n i ~ (Group Process) n ~ r u ? un-nn iiu

~ U u n ~ ~ - j , ~ n ~ w n ~ ~ ~ n i s r " S u u n ~ a ~ a u dr9n1ornirlrinu&usi 2 nw 6dd Iw~ii l l f i~u~ud a n nD a w ~ ~ n n i s n ~ r v i l r a ~ ; ~ ~ o f 7 ~ 7 1 ' ~ au~~~~dli?o~n88~~n"u~ia:n'u1tbn1~~~~~1~

~ J M ~ J nmfiwq~r i l W ~ Q U ~ G ~ : n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ : ~ i n ~ n i w ~ u n i ~ i i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n i i ~ a ~ ~ ZI O J ~ ~ L

E n P n ~ w n ~ ~ r i q c i u u e ~ ~ ~ 6 ~ r n u ~nnwrz~n' isnw$isi i J ~ U ~ ~ ~ U W U ~ ~ L O ~ ~ r e r ~ i ouim J ~ U n~zuaun7m4u ~ ~ ~ C ~ n r ~ u ~ u n ~ ~ v i ~ ~ ~ u u i n n i i n i ~ i u ' u w MIA

1 1. 1373 L % I M L L ' u U ~ ~ U ~ (Cooperative Learning) r i j u n 7 S i u n i L L ~ :

urrom-nR ~ ~ ~ n n a ~ ~ n n i . i ~ s ~ ~ i a u n " u ~ ~ u n ~ u k ~ n ~ I n u ~ r r i ~ e n ~ n i i ~ u i ~ n d ~ ~ n ~ r n r rrslnsii ~n 'u2u&u~8i l rpp HSon?lunu'nua ~~ui?inuin:nu ~ z s i a ~ i & u i x ~ I u n ? 5 P r ~ u

iuo~nu~ad r r a m ~ ~ a n B n l u n ~ u ~ R n m a d u n m u h ~ % ~ a ~ n ~ u h a ~ n " u nmu h l ipu oo u

n ~ u ~ ~ i s o r 7 a ~ n n ~ ~ u h i 4 ~ ~ u n i ' z P T ~ ~ $ a ~ m ~ Q n 1 ~ s i ~ : n~sirow~~tuui~uiia a:Kwuq *

riPsaunjhw~Siilq~~ %I ai~u&~eciiJnu ~nnuwhni?(uo~msfi~1~t~uud60 rinfiuui PToula:~m%nml~n3~'1~"ij~a~x1 L ~ O A R : IU~ITW lj ~ ~ a i ~ Q n m ~ m 7 9 n I u n R ; u I l j~iiur~ljG7

h w r i n f i o u i ~ s s d a u o t ~ f i u ~ 7 f ~ r r ~ 0 7 n m ~ ~ n ~ n ~ u l f i ~ n ? ~ u ~ ~ o u ~ u ~ u r n u ~ ~ sum 2 1

$u I ir i~nI~m~ds~ ymonnc . a ~ i ~ u ~ n i n a n c d ~ n n n b ~ n " ~ ~ ~ n i w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ u ~ u n ~ ~ i ~ u

~ " M \ u ~ J ~ u dd 2

12. n l . i ~ n u ~ f i % J h L J ~ d n ~ (Peer Group Tutoring) lhlnfl6~nu W W ~ U UlPln

uwa W n n ~ ~ n m ~ u l m u m m ~ ~ a u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ICCinliourilu~u~na7~n~3fitlui ri1unanr6am

i r n n ~ ~ u ~ ~ a r ~ n ~ u i ~ ~ u 1 ~ n ' ~ ~ ~ a u ~ w U ! A ~ ~ ~ H U ' - ~ ~ U a'Rm.ruriilqnl ign7n,smiump 61wimms #a qdnsni L L A ~ U 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ( O U L ~ U ~ R [ I L ~ B U ~ ~ f i ~ ~ ~ i n f i ~ ~ ~ i i d ~ u i ~ u ~ u f i o

n n u n i s i s o u n ~ r ~ a u ~finniatjuuf6i tlnwlo~ irauf~inKuuarn?h LIB: k ~ i l u n i . r r i ~ r W u

1Gfindfi b$~&lrian"u<7 tl u a n ~ ~ n i i c thdwlrin;iinn~uin$ du:I&! r r r ruf i

hpinl~fi~tbnlmau 8 t 3 ~ l f i a l 1 ~ 1 f i f p 3 l l ~ ~ ~ ~ : L " n t l ~ ' u ~ 3 u ' n f i t l ~ ~ b i : ucrr~uiR,

R ~ ~ U ~ ~ J ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ G ~ U U ~ ~ : C I U I ~ ' 13, ~ ~ T ~ ~ L I u ~ ~ ~ w (Home ~ c h o o ~ ) ~ i l u n i r ~ ~ n ~ 1 ~ e u M ~ n ~ 1 1 ' 7 u ~ 5 a d i w

* A w unn~niiao~n~~~dtlu~mtlvi~ui $dnnso~ q ~ m w u n ~ u ~ r ~ n n s d u 7 F(inmu$i/u%h

i J R I : o ~ d t ~ n m'hu~-no3n~~u+h1Gn67 L ? ~ U ~ O J fiuu! ~ % r n S ~ n l s l i u u ~ u u u ~ ~ t j uonTru IJ lrt ~5ou La~~~liio'lriidn~~u?n~a~u1~manu7~io~~n U R Z ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ = R J ~ ~ O : T " U ~ ~ I :

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U M ~ ~ U ~ ~ " ~ W W ~ I H U ~ ~ H U ' ~ H ' U ~ ~ ~ R ~ R ~ U Y O J ~ ~ U ~ U DJ $ w m i ~ o r ' ~ n a n n m u i U

n~iu~uiaua~uuun~.rRn n$i w~l j~nsl (2542 : 6)ndiai~ii$M'n?in~11lu

v s ~ n ~ s a ~ (cqnitive stues)liri~cq k d m l m w uoni unrg~ne Q ~ w . i ~ u n R?ag

(2525 1 27 h ~ g ~ ~ l n Kagan Moss and Sigel) 1963) ~ d H ' ~ 1 ? ~ u n u ~ o ~ ~ u u n ~ ~ ~ m ' 1 i i l ~ilurinanciaw~ruo~ui~:~ nn~~s~"n~1=:1Auni~filn715'uf u~:nmCmd.r:~nnuTunl ~d s

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f i ~ k ~ i i o ~ n k u a w i i ~ u n ~ u u ~ n ~mr~uaZn buu+hu' iniiinrqa (2531 : 67

o i ~ i ~ m n Messick. 1976) I<n?iurruwii ~iluitn73 ~ a ~ n w o c ~ h d ~ ~ 4 ~ r ~ m n ~ ' I d u t

nmiu W n 47 nis~mrnmrYud7~rn~ t i n ~~~:d~:mrnad n u n t r n ~ a f i ~ ? J y ~ ~ i h u?G * - Y A clcl

nqsh viiah~wucmu ~ ~ u ~ " n ~ w ~ ~ ~ ' ~ o ~ ' o ~ l i 5 & u n n u 6 a n ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ " ~ J a t i l ~ n ~ d d o 3 u 2- r n w n i s 6 6 ~ ~ 7 n'uiLri2iiinim~lr~u uonomu Rnnm Cunrp (2538 : I 1)

c.y Y ni iwi l LLUY nirAdun~u~un~m305'rm7rGw n~jo~nd;nnslnm;rn~un71di~~u6~

~ ? l d l ~ q ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R R B Z ~ $ ~ ~ T W R U U ' U ' I W u ~ ~ H ? B & C I ~ D U $ U ~ U ~ J . [ N ~ I J ~ ~ ~ < U ~ V O ~ L I ~

R-ynnm h ~ i u d i u ~ c~n fp6 (2539 : 10) In?<w1~unuiura~~~uunif~~~ii7 L L ~ U

nls An ~~un~:u~wms~n ~ o ~ ~ m a ~ u c i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d u n ~ s o ' w m ~ ~ m n ~ n ~ w n v n $ 6,: v t: ~fluih%iip~nnwuon id~nn~wmrnr~~imuu 7 u ~ m ~ d ~ n n a o : i ~ o n \ 3 ~ ~ ~ 1 u n 7 ~ ~ ~ 1 t m

t: J ~Fiunjoh ssi~r ~ u u u ruo ~ ~ u ~ r z ~ u n ~ ~ n i u ~ ~ n ~ ~ c ~ o u . i y ~ ~ u i ~ : y ~ n ~ uonamd

uinm aauanu (2539 : 8) ~ C i l ~ n ' ~ ? l u n u ~ u u o d ~ ~ ~ n l ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ u ' o n i ~ ifiun~eu?unl.i

64u?na'nu Im~lynFIaw ~ l u l U ~ ~ ~ ~ W L I ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ U ? U ~ I I ? R ~ U (Assimilation) LLRC

n.reu?unlrdiu~~r~u7:~u (Accommodation) IR~~ISWLIIVIU~~~~R~~U~ R ~ J ~ I L R I I < u i w m r j n u ~ ~ ri Q J ~ ~ I I < ~ R R H ~ R B ~ ? ? ~ ~ I I : : ~ ~ R ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ R ~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ L L ~ ~ ~ o u I ~

7 . $fi~:m~fitlJqi {Intellectual Skills) d d ~ m s ~ ~ i ? u ~ n w : r i a t l 4 I:& ;a

3. 617W (Verbal Information)

4. f i ~ : m ~ i ~ & ~ h (Motor Skills)

5. ~961flG (Attitudes) uA P bl d%qnms&t n?-@ (Constructivism) ~~iluns.-uaun~sisnu~n~nm'uuni ulw

qnna u ~ n ~ ~ i l ~ ~ & ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ n n ~ ~ s r ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w ~ ~ ~ ~ n ' u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ nmuruikdiio r8u inn

~~uTflmhnid&'p-p (Cognitive Structure)

niin~uoi {~ardner. 1993 ~ T J ~ J I U ~ ~ R U I MUUG uarRw, 2541 : 50) 1~1su ~ ' ~ ~ ~ O ~ ~ ~ ? I ( I I H J L ~ L I ? ~ U H G ~ ~ ~ ~ V O J U ~ B ~ ~ D W ( ) Y ~ * I ~ J W ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ( M ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ u l

Inteljigences) dtuddu nqajm~~~ilruru~u"nni~~d~~~~i]muian~itl~nif~~'s~ wa J K ~ U

rdrnfm ~uoil6~mil~?"ii3 8 $ 7 ~ ini" Gqilunuwi n ~ u i o w h ? h ~ n i uu~:ngiu~u"~ &u v 6 U

n i 3 l i H a H R L % J R ~ Z UR:FI~~RRIBR+ 6 ~ u n i ~ i hu~f l$u$u~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ U ~ U I I U ~ U Y O U

f i m . r i ~ Z 0 ~ u ~ ~ ~ u ~ : ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ f i 1 ~ l ~ m ~ m 6 uonolnd wstmuilg n ( $ 4 3 1 w

3. mdm~ihc~"4oms8~nh~;n6a~ ~ h ~ h a ~ ~ d u h ~ m ~ ~ h 1 ~ ~ 3 " 1 w ~ ~ ~ ~ ] m ' d d nmA~~9uvPTadwW ot~iinn~nlianfu~ilu w?a~8on?uudiitnn 1 do?uui i rh i i~e~~n

n1r8m bnmu~$odo~ rrnz~ouma~an ~ U ~ U ~ ~ T R T T T ~

4. nvu~urns~n~ilu&Aw"mu71~41 n - ~ ~ w ' m u ~ u " ~ Eun i~ rnr W~UIU~ A I U U ~ G ~

w R$I& ~ E I a54n Y P S O R ~ ~ I : $ I G G J ~ X ! 5. nriuuGm~nw8nui I an1sf i~w1l7p~1ua~wuia~9M"~f i~~a"~ui~~ W on71

ijfiaiu: mwluib nmGirndu ~iiiroady&aiu~ W J I U 6. I o f i I s u w ~ ~ ~ m i i a n ~ r ~ n ~ ~ l u ~ i l w n ~ ~ u m ~ ~ ~ ~ n i ~ n ~ u ~ ~ n u a ~ ~ C ~ G ~ X E M ~ . u

k n j , a w a ~ u r n u a m x 1noi"am~~l;a~OaCu utmuszr"fu~aanl~"~~umiu~n~a=:d~i lu

Q ~ ~ ~ ~ l i ~ n ~ n ? i ~ ~ n g d r n w u o s m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ h ~ d ~ u ~ n ~ ? u ~ u ynna$uacmu~m~~fi

ilpi du q kah~~rnm:m ~ o i ' r n ~ ~ i * ~ ? I r g ~ i d ~ 5 % ~ n m u ~ ~ n ~ t l u u i i . n i ~ ii I o 5% Ae 6.1 i ~ ~ m u u u h r n ~ r n y ~ ~ ~ u ~ i l u i i ~ ~ ~ 4 a I r i ~ ~ n ~ 3 ~ 4 1 i l u ~ 1 ~ ~ 6.2 ?%Gmliuu~~unn~nilan~u ~ilui%w1Ci'nril~unuun11~1n~n~~ob"d7~ 7

oan r ~ u L d ~ i l w p i m ~ u u a - u w m 6.3 i%~uuumGygnanj ~ i l ~ ' i ~ ~ ~ b t a \ d ' i ~ r l l n i r l o f i & ~ $ i ~ 7 iut~m

Y v u i o ~ tta~~ilr6u'lzlto~ 6.4 iS6auuu o i o k G cilui?Rn~uuuriSg~i'Im~1G3%fi3 4 h n ou zlo

6.4.1 ynG l a n~~riinumIiis"1n~w0tyi -I

6.4.2 ~ C L I M S T ~ ~ M U R L M ? L L ~ J \ ~ Y ' L ~ afi?<m

6.4.3 GISE ffa nwKuyn$ahtiipn~uw m u a

6.4.4 UTICI Ba mrinnwcih~lunn~:~ i~~w ua=:dgum ~wofhjhOrga7

6.5 ?%~uv~osrn&wcird L ~ U ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ M ~ R ~ ~ U ~ W ' U ~ ~ " U S : M ~ ~ J 51rKnni~ L A

~ ~ a e n ~ ~ u ~ ~ t l u ~ u m ~ ~ ~ n ~ 0 ~ d ~ 0 ~ u I 6 i ~ ~ n ' i a r i i ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ riilKn~rns:i~iu ~ U L W F I x " A ,

6.6 ?~~ruuuqmlnauam~~a on ~ 0 u n ~ ~ ~ a ~ u w u ~ u n a i ~ ~ ~ = : n u n n ~ i J u 8 ~ n ~ ~ l u l l a n w n n ~ ~ u ~ u ~ ~ u ~ ~ i a ~

6.7 ? ~ ~ I u u u ~ ~ # ~ u ~ ~ o ~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ u L ~ ~ u ? ~ ~ T I R ~ ~ u ~ J D u L I ~ ! ~ ~ ~ ~ F ~ ~ I L ~ * LLRZ

~wil~Gitl~ii0at1'5

6.8 ~ % ? R u u u ~ ~ ~ ? ~ u T I ~ u L ~ w I ~ ~ ~ G R ~ ! J u ~ & ~ ~ B a ? ~ f l

6.9 i%fi~uuuliluotiIuil~p~"u U ~ i l u ~ ~ ~ m l ~ ~ s n r i n 8 ~ i ~ d ~ 3 ~ 0 ~ l u ~ w h$I4 ~ ~ ~ L % ~ U ~ ' U ~ I ~ U & % D Y H ' T O O I ~ U & ~ ' J

6.1 o ~ ~ ~ r n r l u f i f i m rilun~rim U ~ ~ ~ J B ~ I I T L ~ ~ ~ U + I ~ ~ ~ I Q " S J I ~ G B ~ wijtm ~ ~ s ~ c i l w r i r s u d ~ u r i i 0 ~

1. nau3ummlu (Group ProceslJGloup AetivityIGmup Dynamics) L ~ U

n.rru~urn~liuu$a~n~u$%u 6-u6 2 R U ~ ~ I I ~iuu~cdd~=n$~~ed~~iSd~5fiu&an"u

i jm,d~i~un'wlwn1u~i~~~d~&31~ U ~n sduda:~~n~ui i ln~as ian 'u~~a:n"u ~d a 19% msiln~n~siluup~~~~udu~:ni~~wia~~,n"Rnn~w &nfinmsh%p aan~zu3sbn71

n$u d~.-nounirr ~ ~ ~ i i o u t b u ~ u 6 n a ~ ~ d ~ n i 1 ~ o u j ~ ~ ~ e u ~ m ~ ~ ~ n n r j u ~ t 4 ' ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ IRU d

L ~ X V ? M ~ I ~ T ~ ~ O U ~ U R ~ ~ ~ ~ J R ~ ~ ' ~ T I I J $ ~ ~ U ~ I ~ ~ ~ Ti J W ~ ~ U ~ ~ C ~ ~ J I J ~ E ~ ~ R " I . ~ " ~ M R ~ ~ iiuun~.raodR' ~ ~ ~ $ L L Y U 46 (d.r:w'uf~ qrnG~, 2540 : 40)

1 .A mu iihriianmnvOeuduidu ~~i4uujin~~uqnnr~u1,un~sPseru AnlS; @?iitru 1~7nn'nw~unidnirm~:M' ni~R'n~ulo 1nm?iui&br5uriniinl

1.2 unu~nauuf i~i lu^?~~:: .1ho' I~ '~~r~1~13~~uwu~n~~ na:n~wAnRjl~

a j ~ 6 i ~ s~6~~~wna~xlrui2~l~$~d6n1~.iaej7~~n(a"~ A e Y

I .3 rntG~orim ~il~m1fitl~91nda~man1nm'~~9"~a IwtrfimIanwIX +?iitru 1fiYnm ?rnn< afidntr tAaflndurnsiin'ilG~~

1 A ni.ioiiJnon!u ~8un1ruan~~duunnu6w~~u ludnlu$nrumlo fmfb 4 4 n;dnouo;nb~dann,un?7ut~u7:~~

2. n i ~ d ~ ~ ~ u u u R i i ~ r n 6 f i 3 1 ~ l ~ (constructivist) cfhiini~fiuu?6 U W * P ~ ~ ~ M K O J U

r r ~ 2 ~ l r ? n n @ U R : R ~ ~ J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ? ~ ~ L ~ ~ I P U " U ' I ~ ~ ' ~ U ~ ~ L D J nnu&d.sunic nmu~diry ~ a n ~ ~ u X J d ~ u n a ~ u ~ ~ t ~ 3 m u w u a J f i ~ 1 u ~ m ~ ~ ~ n i ~ P s ~ 1 ~ ~ w u a r u ~ r n d a s u d ~ ~ m n ~ a d n ' u ~ ! ~ ~ a ~ u

&ol&ufi~l~ri 7 ~ ~ h J r n a w $ ~ i o i u ~ ~ t o h n r m ~ a u ~ u 6 ~ l ~ d 7 d~ yry~& fiplq au"~mw od ( & J ~ I J ~ h h ~ ~ u n n r e n r r u n ~ s n 1 ~ ~ n ' 1 f . 1 ~ 1 d ~ ~ 1 8 , 2541 : 42) 1aG

"Ud' uu78ndua5-u un~?'an~nirru~~~ulraT'i~rn~d~~~u~ mu

2. I nimaumJn2 ~ s n i ~ h u ? u n n u ~ r ~ ? n ~ r ? ' u r i ~ i s u u m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

n 3 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ 2 f i ~ ~ Y " ~ l ~ ~ ~ ~ u " n ~ u ~ ~ 0 ~ 2.2 ~ I G ~ M ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ I : U ~ U ~ I T & ~ R T ~ ~ nnu6nnuuon nqvij ua:uuu

Y 47~a~sul~ljuo~udrc:ynfia

2.3 n~~tn in f iuu&~ar5~~131uf n a ~ u c u ' 4 ~ Z ~ i d~u$fi~uRii~rnfl' d' n ~ ~ u ~ m ~ 7 u b n r ? u o o m d ~ ~ \ i ~ u ~ ~ d l f i ~ u ; ruet tau

2.m 3 2.4 ~ $ L ~ ( ~ L I u R s ~ ~ R ~ u ~ ~ ~ u L $ ~ P 1 ~ ~ 1 1 l ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ A m ~ u a ~ n ~ n n ~ u 1 4

~lcmuniuihrs.-i!i~~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ R T J R ~ J A ~ I U ~ d r n x n m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u t ~ u n t l ~ ~ ~ - ~ 1 ~ Iniv is~ln 2.5 h~das~firiawaii~u~uw"~n~iuiim lau~H'U'nfisu~?nnuf nawfin

s?usnnd&c$~ uioAdncli~u6ukirun$ uki~~llniluwu~~mllaR 3. ~ ~ L I U ~ U U U ~ ~ U U S P ~ I U ~ ~ (Cmperative Learning) ~flu?Snix5uu fitriu

n?~C~rtn~*tu?~sinun~dn~f~~uu I~$~?ou~6t"r~ii?un'w1Uun~utR"n q nul%nuda:nu orR'o~Prhuhulun~~fi~~uf usrlun-nuhfiwo~n~u ~~ lm~n~mcm~d 'auu f i 7~u~n1~u

u ~ t n?su&i lu~mnmSt lu f n~m~~ri7a"~2~1n'~rin"uu~rn"u ~?Snurisl:nu~:ilo~

24rnae H ~ S N N ~ V u B I I U & N L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H I ~ ~ G U ~ ~ T K W U I a ~ j ~ i i a ~ f ad o:fillvil6ni$n aiu ttadnodi tiiinmrpru ~ T n j n ~ x r n ? ~ ~ ~ ~ a r r i ~ I d y s n r i n 7 ~ dri~lWimdrdoau4u n~sd~~t~'irnds:677"Uda~d

IR ucrjuij, ~ T u i i C a A m ~ i i u i i n i ~ L j ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ J ~ r n n i ~ r i ~ f s 8nlladM i71R' W R L ~ ~ W fiih i in i rhu ~ ~ a n ~ m n ~ ~ l f i ~ a a h ~ d a ~ d a ~ iiI~n7a~n'rusnu IAmumnrui~

r i a Y ~umiumsnmrnsluu L L R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ P T u u ~ D ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ d ~ n o u ~ w m s ~ ~ ~ m s u n i ~

ficlun~saatb msds:nou&u I. m ~ f i u u T i ~ u u i i U huhu L ~ ~ ~ K ~ L ~ ~ u R ~ u I I ~ ~ A ~ ~ M ~ ~ ~ I u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w M I ~ ~ nls

W Y a s tDaJ f idR4 nrsu nl~douiolnn; U i d nlnn~n~~~a:~usu lay ~wuniaa~ds:~u4r~tu J ~ W P ~ J i ) f 1 ~ ? 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ d 5 ~ 0 7 ~ f l ~ ~ t l n i 1 4 a ~ mior6a~ad~n"uu~:n"u m ~ f i n ~ ~ u ~ ~ d e danirlitlu ian; iaarndnwi ~ ~ a a - f w u

w~:nahy3ni~+nw7uri~'111i W.R. 2542 ~7513-1 23 ( r i?UYf i~~un~n~~urm

n ~ d x n n d n w u r i m R . 2 ~ 2 1 : 9 -10) rimwnl5$~ rn~Qn7Bnlvi $dn.snldnluilu

5-uu minmuonmu u~mirlnmmuC~a~K cint ~ ~ ~ n a w r i l ~ s m m ~ ~ f ~ w m u L a 8

nnaqunlarTuuT U uar~mr.inim~u~nu~nu~z:nu r o~acia:c&mdnw wuno WJ

n ~ ~ u ~ m m u a ~ m n ~ : ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ t l u ~ $ I * o ~ ~ ~ n ~ i ~ r f ? ~ r b ( ~ 1 ~ 1 1 ~ n ' u ~ d tl mr9 'mrnrdn~~h~8~1 U W I M K ~ in~goouynnui~nurnu~~nIurS~u~ uar<wu~~u~n~'lR' ua:laa~~~'suuijnnu

hKrg?li;rrcl r d n ~ ~ a i ~ n n u i n ~ ~ a m 1 1 ~ ~ n ~ t l u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ' w u ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ynnulniiuuiin

~ w u ~ n u ~ o j l i ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ m m w ~ 2 : m ~ ' I r j ~ B i I r i ~ r i c iriii~mfin n7~lir~ywmun'% nls

&31r;l'urilwnuB uarn~fR.ii~Ifi~Atiu~flufiuQ hii 0% rfluti.lu~&zio~n7~in~7 au XU

virohu~hwotn.rru?un7fduuf danrmuiuilafi~~~ fi~ewiuu7'IH'~~jouijqmmufi s i o ~ l f i ~ u u ~ m d i ~ ~ ~ t l ~ ~ r n u O S U ~ U R ~ U H ~ ~ O J ~ B U ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ 7 d ~ l u l d ~ ~ ~ d i i ~

n ~ G n 7 s ~ n ~ rilunrru~tbn~r~~'snud~riim ~?an4tt13un~1i7~ln anwid

k n u (socialization) lun~~iirnriifh'ti? d ~ ~ ~ ~ o ' ~ ~ d s ~ n ~ w o ~ n ~ n ~ ~ i l t b ~ c 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m u ~ a ~ lriln' l$~ilu$~~d&mu~o~\6 u ~ ~ ~ R ~ ~ ~ J ~ ~ M ~ ~ ~ ~ u u Y ~ u ~ ~ I I o J ~ ~ m e y nna8wrii

~ ~ i d h n u ~ n u o r ~ ' n r " s u u 4 4 L ~ J L L ~ Js:a~i losfh (u.d.d. : 38) 16nin$mii n$un

urn hRiy IunmlqnQqnrKnnanre ua-.mnnnmd & ~ I J ~ ~ J ~ - I I ~ G u ~ ~ I u ~ - I ~ ~ ~ ~6oot l tY t R u ~ ~ ~ i l u w a ~ f i o ~ d k i u i t ~ 4 w n $ t t i l u ~ ~ ~ w C ( r h n ' ~ o ~ ~ w ~ d ~ vnaih:u~

dmouo~Jwnz (~orcio~5?rugnlmc~ilw72: usriuilolwvnu~n~o~n~iilua r jwB F i l i l ~3 v l f l $ ~ d ~ ~ u l u ~ ? ' d 1 ~ 7 fu ibu n; nu~u$d ~ ~ n r i l d a a u ~ a d tl

* A , nio~~~nu~no~unonn~~u$$uriGwd (naY'tufimu~o~u. 2525 : I 7 ) pijnqr:klin ~ ? o ~ i ~ n ~ i u n r i n ll ~ i o ~ n n a d n ~ x m ~ w e n d o ~ (ynmiw~ny. 2529 : 92) ua:: I n h m j

Jy~nmlwmrriawmannu Eonrm~rjn iianmounii'h~owd7~ 1 mrilrrrrwmsrtau nm

$€1?7la?'Ro ~ J ~ ~ ~ d n ~ 7 ? ~ 7 d d 1 ~ 7 n ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ % 3 ~ ~ t l 1 ~ ~ n 7 3 ~ r j i d ~ " a 1 ~ n " l l (Treatment) L A o Y 1 l ~ l 1 ~ l ~ d o u n ~ n n u ' ~ u w ~ ~ ~ u ' ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ d 0 4 6 ~ (Bask Assumption) ~ U S T ~ + ~ ~ W R W

&mu ~~du~n'umrcmu aurli~<n~~fisumr~ou~id~hPn~w k w a n m ~ d o p mw n i d n miu 1 f i ~ o ~ n n ~ l i 0 h h 5 m w $ J d ~ j ~ u h n~~ihr~n[nmfljiijnd~~Iuxuiln~r Inwq rnhni~1ummouG1Ehhrm~nim~i)~m~u"u hul~@o @iv%imz~u vh~ 7 C(

t: o d ~ ~ ~ n r u ' u ~ d U U k r ~ ~ d u a t ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ i u n ~ n ~ t l ~ u u ~ ~ n ~ u ~ ~ n u7nan~~dy.s 7 dri~

2542 mniu~n~~~~~RIO~fi~~fitlu~i]tb~udn~~~ R ~ ( ~ D J L ~ L I U U L ( R J Y I ~ ~ ~ T S U ~ ~ I ~ D U D ~ ~ d' no inn'ynr=mu U R Z ~ ~ U D H ~ ~ ~ L ~ J L Z ~ L I ~ ~1~t~fianss~rn7'rritlum~~au'L~li IC~Gn~~uCfifio

nnurnn q Ifi6um%kucnua~ ii~orvi71Gn~dnwii?m~ $Eiiuwi~ISwfi~ilur~~:~n"ilq~~ ~iru n ~ ~ i l u ~ ~ i h a u n a w n m a ~ ~ z i ~ a ~ i i + p w ~ w aiud inmm t ~ u ~ p a ( 2 5 4 0 :

a X 70) n d m i q n~ *I mwr6 $ ~ I ~ ~ ~ - d ~ f i r n f i r n n ~ U ~ Y I ~ ~ U ~ ~ Y ' U ~ L ~ ~ P ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ M R " ~ R W T ~ ~ C I I ~ U

~riumil Hioul~nnu~mumu~-ia VIRLLIJPJ~ ~i~(munx;ajajU LLRZC-UDJP;BJVBJ n l d n ~ q ~ i lwldsa~uo~rn~f i t lno~n~qui nntnawi i~iinu~a;inr?ah~k;ll$iia i'Iuti7~1 ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 u s i ' ~ ~ o ~ n ~ Alin~~u~~rriatd0~f l6~1~ufu"u u7n~luC-1uwRi~a~ u~:: LGU u h

LIR (2541 : 10) n i ~ a i 7 U ~ U ~ ~ B J ~ ~ ~ J L ~ U U I I ( ~ i l u ~ $ n m J y q ~ uinnjllilu ciRounin$5m~iu$~un~~ Y

3 U A a u A 1 r u rJ u~ln971-1~ U ~ R ~ H ~ W U J ~ U ~ ~ L ~ ~ H ~ W ~ ~ P U I ~ L ~ ~ ~ ' L I U ~ Y ~ ~ W ~ G ~ T T U ~ ~ ~ R O U

mom; iti~undodrrh~n~wm~rStluni'~a~u fib d%%l€@dl;%i~ (2532 : 2 - 3) f i ~ l l l ~ 0 ~ f i ? ~ ~ ( i 0 ~ ~ l f w " c ~ ~ 1 ~ l U f f 0

nqw si7un~nl~Rmraeuua~~fU'mtlufin~7 \uiuclrn.ran w 7 wvil qllmrnthniyo h~

d - d' wfl r ior ~ J ~ - I . ~ R " ~ I + ~ ~ L D I ? I ~ duk~dd n;riwnan~6nm fifisurio~49 undu

1. $fii3owqnGm1~nainnnurQuoj~ ~ ~ ~ n u ~ ~ u ~ i j l u ~ a r o ~ ua:na~~rilu?7J

snu& ~~~H*~~F~BuLBJ I ~ ~ ~ I I ? ? u Q ? J % J I o J A J L L ~ ~ R ' o u ~ " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ w ~ ~ M W L L ~ ~ ~ I R U

~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ T ~ J ~ R " ~ ~ ~ ' Y . ~ ' D u L ~ = : L ~ ~ ~ u ~ M ~ ~ ~ ~ L I u L L ~ ~ J ~ ~ n7rjqSm t'i7ZM"5"uuurrtrnhu V uat

6m~mi17nnaiu~fIuo"Ts

unumL6 ufkn-nu h<$j l u Y ~ : ~ u ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ < - u ~ R I M " u ~ ~ $ c ? L I u u-li~uunumlurn.r

&IJR~W L L ~ ~ L A U R ~ W I J P R Y ~ I S ~ ~ I ~ ~ " s 1 1 t b ~ c i i j ~ 3 ~ 1 1 ~ u ~ t l I$LLLM~$~~uuL fi ~ n ~ ~ f i o u f ~ ~ u i n A ~ ~ ~ a r G i d ~ ~ ~ & ~ s n ~ u f i n u n ~ w a o ~ ~ ~ d a : ~ ~ c ~ ~ d ~ Bennet ( o i ~ z ~ i l i n FlnT

i u a ~iriicn, 2543 : 43) ~ & e u ~ i u u u n u i n n ~ i w I ~ ~ w n~~nsnrrun~~f ioun~rnaui iuu(PT~)~ ~i lquGna1~6uunu~n~~u~ri7 k d

2. ~ R W J U ~ U I ~ ~ U ~ I W $ L W ~ (Guide)

d x m n i s & n ~ ~ n i a i n ~ q U P Y

3. nmnsnwlu'unum rrnn$bw$uu 4. ~ M " ~ J " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ x I ~ w ~ ~ s ~ ~ ~ L L u u ' u ~ ~ U

~iinear 5. Hnn~nn~sniwruG~unu~a3va~ fPsuu

~iltaSsns.rarlr&

6. inirit6ur~r~ I$m%u~nni7niraj

Ina ii n1'iZ.a'u1~g~lsniulu 7. I l ~ n i ~ n C ~ u u i a s ~ u n ~ ~ i ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ 1 u

1RuId

J 2. flunuin4upu:nj L L ~ ~ Y E I ~ I U E I M ~ ? T I

(Knowledge)

3. m a s ~aoiundaunu~nua~~~"Stlw

4. ~ n G u u T l j i h u i ~ u u u ' u ~ ~ r a a n ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ 6sLiiu

5. ~~~nfiGnn~rvio~Q~~~uii i lnssuwKn

6 . j~~C~nqrlnm~anluwan ~ d u se6u

w an7.rfiuu

7. m ~ ~ n ~ ~ n " r r u ~ n ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ n ~ n ~ ~ u i n

a. iln~rnmaou~ah t~uo6!u~:tlr 7

n15'i~t~1u~uduu (Classroom Research)

wrmm0fi~~~n3rfinw7uvi~%76 W.R. 2542 L ~ ~ ~ ~ M ~ H Y I L ~ " ~ J W ~ W ? ~ T = : ~ ' ~ ~ . ~ " ~ L P U I U ~ ~ J L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J ~ ~ . E ~ ~ ~ " L L ~ ~ ~ W U ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ L I U ~ ~ ~ H ~ U Iu~wrn 4 uu~n~~~msln7rGnw.t

umn 4 (5) dtrilnumn ~ ( i J ~ f i u i n i U q u ' I G ~ ~ ~ m u ~ a n ~ m u n ~ ~ n ~ ~ 1 anow unniiuu i a V V d rnriiuw ua:tiiu~una~unmm d al~~~rrru~fi~rnriiuu ueeiin~~usau! n a z q

f mu~m1~n~f~~flr~~i~~~d~~a~n1:'~13~n13~0~~ q uanmnu Iurr7.n 30 ri~nuwii I r i r r m u ~ n w ~ ~ ~ u m ~ ~ ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ " ~ u u n ~ ~ ~ a u ~ i j ~ ~ ~ h ~ n ~ ~ s?ufim?~i~~$iul~"+au

mumnl+ni.rib ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ L M U ~ = : E ~ U ~ " L I ~ I ? U U ~ , U L L ~ ~ R ~ T ~ ~ U ~ I T ~ ~ ~ (G~wq ., b uawm w, 2543 : 72) u a : n ~ s ~ ~ u r Y u r ~ i i ~ ~ M c j l ~ ~ a ~ n ~ m Y C U ~ i n ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ L W S ~ ~ ~ L ~ ~ R I S

riw 7 hG~nuIan~f i i .uTGi~"S~~7a~Ci I~OL~IJ~ 7 ~ ~ ? 3 ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ l 7 ~ ~ 3 f l 7 l ~ L d d ~ ~ 1 ~ d ~ 4

I ? ~ & ~ u L R M ~ ~ ~ P L~JRu m l o t u e e m n ~ u ~ a 8 d ~ 7 duylt f l f inw~ua:~wu~u"tau~~u X nn 7 Riu ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ M ~ ~ ~ ~ L L R : : ~ R I U I L ~ R ~ U ~ R ~ ~ ' ~ M S ~ 7 in 7 iimu ciouFio~mBww

gum ~ r n d n w ? Gw7-1 ? ~ ~ R ~ I u ~ ~ ~ D o J ~ I T ~ ~ ' o ~ d ~ l l w ~ ~ n m 8 n w 1 UBEW ~li~lwU nlr~u~n5~u lI u~:m~~unuinua~rnr~-~'tr'I~'~~ufionmu i ~ q difiun~-iiroun,a~o w

X ~3on~.rrmuri?ons~1~aun1a"?a"~1 squ& rnsKau7 w ~ ~ l u n ~ ~ i a ~ n ~ ~ l u l ~ ~ f i ~ ~ u lruwu

n m u s i a ~ n ~ r ~ o r ~ w u ~ d<ud!~ L ~ ~ ~ U L L I J Z I ~ R P ~ ~ U ~ ~ P ~ L I U ~ ~ S B O U I%L?RCIR~U$L~[~U A d 2 Y EJ' d lun~tnmvu i ~u~ r~uu~ t i qn rd i u i n ru nJu ~w~~$~arn~rm~.r#n~ipu"u & $ u ~

i aa7-i rira (2543 : 88 ~ J G J I U G F I ~ ~ u m ~ n i , 2543 : 74) I S ~ ~ U R U I EJ% M ~ ~ C L I ' I U & ~ ~ L I U d * Y do n~~~0itdrfiLunr~~~uZuvl"o~~t]u v u tdaa6firll~m~n~uu1u13io~c"suu rrilzanulla?u

ms~Tu~?~n~.riTtlun7~~au i d a ~ ~ k ~ m d d ~ d ~ ~ ~ n " ' u ~ f i ~ ~ ~ilumir~udria~lils r i7~

3 3 ~ 1 ~ 5 7 Cwa\fld6fi(i/ U B - C ~ ~ ~ U ~ D U A L ~ U ? ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ G J ~ U ~ I J U 7 WOJIULOJ L ~ O I M * ~ " -

mu~n~uia:n~u~d sui?lmuh~rc~iuu iflam~o~llnsuant n ? ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ u ~ ~ t b ~ n ~ ~ i 1 6 As, J

d j u3 ua: wsn~nnuu~do~wu7n7s'r"~~1~n~~~ausi sld n'jm~uu ua:flu$u 1 (Glickrnan and others, 1988 : 408 jidii~lu hu7

~ ~ r n ~ ~ n f f 2543 : 74) n k a i i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I U ~ U ~ L I U L ~ U ~ ~ S ~ ~ ' L I ~ I ~ ~ ~ U E ~ " ~ R ~ L ~ ~ U ~ U ~ W ~ S

6lritucwu otniu w a ~ ~ 6 i ~ l u i d i u l l ~ n ~ ~ 1 ^ ~ ~ 1 u n ~ ~ ~ a ~ lu inumds~nir ~~i laarm (Elbtt I988 : 121 jwh~un"~u7 ~ ~ a u ~ n t , 2543 : 74)'LM"~uu~uia

~ ~ J C ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C L I I U ~ U E O U ~ O m ~ l ~ ~ n u h6~n*ufiy~7$w~'1u~~d~~u uanfin<unr~u~m u

Eau 1~ e i i u u ? ~ n ~ d ~ i n d ~ t n ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ a a u ~ ~ ~ n ~ s d ~ d ~ ~ w " ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ u~6~m~f iuun~saeu 'h

l r t doul$uln#u UC. d pil uunnuldui7 ~ ~ Q L I I U ~ U P S L I ~ ~ m r r i ~ r n ~ ; n ~ - l iiun%amam$ r i a

rilanthswkru3 d L d p ~ r ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ Q f i o n . n ~ u n ~ ~ P r ~ ~ u n ~ s ~ ~ ~ u lu&~ouhiii ~J$U &rod

d $92 o tnps (2540 : 26) n h7ii u u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ' u a J ~ ? S ~ . S " U 4 a

+huin?ar'3ounTswau (Eduational Research and Development) vr"3fionri a 7 i 7 R & D

~ J ~ ~ L ~ M U ~ L I L ~ B ~ ~ ~ ~ " R I U ~ U R J ~ U ~ ~ T ~ ~ M + ~ A d '

~aunmu~nn'n~ n n ~ ~ w n r ~ u u a ~ arcnu mrln w8oi~rilui~n~m~fiV~l~'u wu' lun?Td?lId!t m~dnsq ~ 4 d ~ l l s m a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ F i ~ ~ ~ l J 9 d ~ ~ d d

," A d 1. $u~nwu~~?un7s?alrn~n~1~~a~n'u~l~d~ud$ia~w'wu~

2. $%rrii~us~7uu~7uua~n7'5:~ti

3. ~ u n ~ s a ~ n ~ ~ m ~ u d i j ~ " n ~ w n ~ ~ o n ~ ~ n " u d ~ = : r i ~ 1 f l a ' ~ ) 5 ~ 4. ~uu f id5u l fJ~anu ~~oun"l'~u'a~muia~~~n~w~'1un~rn~~aun~c1~tb~u

~~~u?~em~ilo'uu~:r~"uu~ddmn~'Iurl~:~n~~n~ ~iididmu~iuPTuusJ1nsJn7Ta

urr i i td~ui ims rnuvJ"cs~uiyns~niiL ehuawmcrmril n o ~ i Q n w n d n ~ i nnruim ms mtnr2~lnw'mn.r lnwni.r f i$ i~r"wulw~~~u~ffuni i ~a'ng~1nvousu7G~d&3'1 m.r do~nmib ~%~~Gwu~~~uIasbow d~~$umurr~nna 047497 R D M u n v r r i i ~ ~ R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ w ' R U U I X ~ ~ ~ I T ~ C ~ I I U ~ t g m sl4m-p (2540 : 26 - 27)

I. ~ n w ~ n i w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i & f i u ~ c ~ u ~ ~ l : ~ n r n ~ w l d e ~ G n a - o ~ i l ~ m ua::

rl.lu~l~~~~~~ua6u~uriflniiln1~4n .I w ~io~lrsou~iiuu~nuo~n~'~Ia'u3"~nnun~~4n~7 ltm7tI~rd

5.3 ~ ~ O ~ T I U ~ I ~ ~ ~ U I R ~ ~ U I D ~ L L ~ ~ ~ $ ~ I ~ I T ~ ~ " L I ~~6i?lj l wan~j??t~W

l~iusj~~muIwnrild 5.4 1~~nn~nn~~ii~a~1u~o"~1lfin't31si0~d0n~r~~a~~n~1~u:~ amu

5.5 IGn~rmiuquu~~iw'io'u"~~a~c~~ i A n ~ ~ l d a o ~ d o d ~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ ~ ~ $ u 5.6 L ~ ~ ~ I ~ " ~ H ~ C ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ M R J ~ M ? G L I R ~ U ~ T ~ R " U L ~ ~ 0tbd7~b'1?dJHu'7n"?3754~U

luc6up4u 5.7 kl6lll%inj@? ~ H B J I U ? ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I H ~ * I ~ M U " ~ ~ U R I T ~ ~ J ~ U

5.8 U D U I I U ~ O ~ ? ~ ~ M ~ I ~ ~ K ~ ~ ~ H R ~ I U ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ F I Y U ~ R ~ D U I U ~ ~ U ~ ~ O J T . ~ " d' nmuf nnumuiangau

5.9 ~ U ~ U ' L H ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H R J ~ U ? ~ ' L ~ ~ M " L ~ Y L I ~ I S L ~ O ~ ~ I ~ " L ~ U ~ G ~ W ~ J ? ' I I ~ ~ I S a

5.1 o ~ J L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H R ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ H W ~ ~ L U U ~ U M ~ ~ U l u n i ~ \ l m % h ~ ~ ~ ~ g u i p n i ~ ~ ~ u

A' 51 Y . o:~iiulcii+~ fi; KU n15C Cuiuo:rlnngtBw~rFuvu~uu~n~~ LGU~&WUI U

Y

nl~m~Gnw~,lnjlusrCun~:naa~ n.ru nod u e = a m u i n ~ ~ n a d ~ : w u n - m ~ n ~ w h ni?i ~uwluui usilun~5?o"tlIuT3~iruu ldu mncn ua:?"snls I$~73&l~l\rum JQR f i 9 r - i ~ ~ ~

~ d e ~ ~ u n ~ i ? ~ u ~ d o v ~ ' w u ~ n ' ~ : u ~ ~ n i ~ i s t l u n ~ a ~ ~ = ~ i l u ~ ~ r n u ~ ~ a u r i 7 1 d ~ i ~ ~ w u i L 2 ynmmn~lTi~u~u~~~buuuin~~tlu hlnnwqrs h ~ ~ t n ~ a ~ ~ ~ n n ~ ~ n ~ r u ~ u n i i i 4 uar

w'olui\d% n?rRii~m;$~nl~rniijtI (Master Teachers) nmw r m * l i f i ; ~ $ ~ q m r n i ~ PC- ~ a u I d i I ~ ~ l i a u n u & t ~ ~ u w I ~ m f i ~ uflt~wu7~iluiiannuhn'~~~~~n7~~stluni~~a~

ICifin wans:nulum~d nrl.hI$nl~~iil~ustw"uu~~~w iwu7nu I LR :W~P~UT~&~U Y s ~ l l a z i n ~ 1 l " u P ~ ~ ~n6ufl.ji~innufniumu~o~ ii<nonmlum.rAni~nm=:M'iln37~

~lrsl7"lUfl7T%J ~ H S D ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ B ~ ~ U R ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R ~ R M ~ ~ ~ ' C I ~ ' ~ ~ O ~ J L M U ~ : ~ ~ J ~ " ~ ~

.a im u~ilumsns:riwatq ~ ~ o ~ ~ l ~ ~ f i n n ~ . r f i o w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i i ~ u u ~ = : n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n i - r = ~ m ~ Id r~ u'fiuu U ~ ~ n ~ ~ k r n s b t 6 n ~ ~ w 7 ~ ~ = : ~ ~ r n ~ ~ d ~ a n 1 3 ~ 7 m ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ u d 1 ~ ~ " s ~ n i ~ J Ronlrnau Inod Rniriun' u i n a ~ (2531 : 76) ~ d n ? ~ u n ~ i L i [ T i - ~ ~ D ~ S R O U W U X J O J

U Ud n i n s ~ ~ C ( d ~ u r i ~ u ~ r r i i u n a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ " T ~ ~ ~ i ~ n ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ t l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w ~.i"ralric6uu A u UA z mu~~our r~nc~~~dr r~~6n~3P30tb~p?n~~3* w~nslnd 3Cn-t i d r - h i (2532 : 7) I$

n n ~ n u i diii ~arnmeu ~ u l u f h & d ~ c 7 d~ifi?iufl~I~~fiiiaw nloadlwrd~ U U o ~8ok G U ~ ~:sIrjI&~~uw'fl"Li~ ua:Iao e. Ga J tpssru (2533 : 80) G~Inrvinmunuwil i s n i ~ n o u ~ u i uiit hriw 7 d~~nuus~~~iiowriiuil.a"Lun~~tl~un~~r"r~1un1~~0~ ~d s03u

Y Y d I ~ y ~ s u u ~ f i n m ~ f i s u ~ m ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ r l u ~ ~ ' u a ~ n ~ ~ f i ~ ~ w n In'orii~iidrch?in7 wtdu ~ n o ~ h r i n ~ ~ u n w n a a u n i s n ~ f d'~:nufinwi~~Vi~~ii (2536 : 22 - 23) I$fimu

v u f d r r u ~ uu o~dnn~risaummu h n tu ~omsisoummou (Instructional Media) nu7 u f l ~ ~ R J F ~ ~ J Ci al~iilu?~? ;dnsni ~ ~ a ~ n f a ~ i i a u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ G ( ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Z . a " l t b i i ~ n ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ u u

u'nn?r%~ w ua=u'Tl~nnluT~f~ni~an~i \ 6 b i ~ 1 1 a r c n n u o ~ ~ o n i 5 ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 " &if au ninqn tl (2524 : 19) I f i~d~8an l5~7auaan~ i1~ 3 i f E L ~ W ;a

1. q ~ n . m d ~ ~ o ~ n ~ o ~ ~ ~ (Equipment or Hardware of Big Media) ~ i l u d a ~ u a ~ 3 ~ n f nt uun' nsln iv l f l7 ua=81ann~niinri R M R ~ w~nuo:s io~o~~u$n drrucni~?

u uu (software)~d e ~ ~ n r 1 ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ n n ? ' ~ ~ o a n ~ d ~ 1 ~ ~ f l l m a u f 3 ~ 7 ~ a ~ x ~ n n ~ u ' n (Hardware)

lhri in";ota-la~iu;uanid knfo~a2clnlw~-wl~lrt ~n~ota~nmwffuurmt ~ n i a o ~ i n ~ InsCfiu' UR: r n j o ~ ~ u ~ n r n d rflu6u

2. jp(? (Software or small ~edia) ~ndstrnnu'u~~ol i~~n"~4fi~~~u1du61~0~ u u d w - A u ~ ~ n d ~ ~ d ~ u i ~ a n u a o ~ ~ q j ~ J ~ W ~ ~ ~ E I J ~ ~ ~ U R E I ' L H ~ knu trhniw ouni FIR'umiJ uar

d a n ' ~~wuniwldi~la mdCudn9ot noniirnq ~3wR'w C CCl

3. i'rmm ( M ~ M I ) bodx~nndaqo~flunl~n~:fi7 ~irunmigumn~.inxril

~3esonml j R a w p e l a ' todr-mn~umiofln' ~ i o b f l G o - ~ f i ~ d ~ ma:ns nlsrnirn n l n k ~was~ni.rdu q

~ D R BBJTI~N (2526 : 141) jinnuduil nmdtdc~nni$om.r a a u c n u ~ n w w ? d h ~ v o ~ d ~ n?-iuddaanrqu 4 dsrknn ;a

Li d 1. ~ o d c m n ~ ~ ~ n " ; o ~ d o r i l u ~ a n u ~ ~ ~ ~ n f ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ' ~ ~ ~ r ( u ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ q r r m i U V U ~

i n ~ n n u IMi uadiannroirna' ~ 0 u ~n ' to~av~ d s c 1 8 s c inyasdn~nird n u & ~~tjui3-1~ il~ q

P: A C 2. Bod~:tnni~q ~u-~sih uon~dwwa w8numin inu1~1~~~wi ~iruiqd ~ m r

y f i & d%i~lcij lu idu uwwd uwqg awwrini $nin iu4mea na ta i~ u a d w 7

3. Aods~nn5hx HUIUOJ i;adrmn~nnsn rruv nr:lr~un?wiw 7 i iu

ni~m~mni~finwuanno~ud ~ V ~ R O J ~ ~ ~ L L W ~ J W I ~ iin~mnq'~ E A a

4. ~ O ~ X H U M U ~ L I ~ ~ rnn i i~od~~mn i-14 7 r u n ~ d u i n < a ~ o TR? aa-llms u 7 1 + a Iu~n~wiBouriat a h i ~ i r c i u u a : ~ u ~ w d ~ ~ u t i ~ r ~ u

~.du unlieuldrunsu Fnvnnu Iup ninlnm~liuun~rmu~i~~~~5n1~Ps~1u ~i)u& wnnnud AaiCun' uiina~ (2531 : 79 - 80; g ~ ~ i i ~ l u EI~, ed. 1972 : 39-40)

~ ~ i ~ $ a n i r n n u n ~ ~ n k ~ ~ n ~ n ~ ~ i i u u ~ aamilu 5 d3:m Ao Z r , nu people) lun~~n~rlnwlc lona~wuu ~ u 7 u i l ~ yna~n.rdo~Iustuuua~

ImsJiuu & l ~ i r i ns U H " Y ' ~ ~ s U $ X L L U ? ~ ~ ~ ~ Y I $ ~ [ I B I U ~50{#47~7 L I R ~ U R Z R ~

(i7udq~ 7 Iun73fi~)ui 2. Ta? (Materials) i~? lun ish~dnsn. r~ ~ : I ~ u ~ ~ : L ~ M ~ ~ ~ ~ ? L ~ D Y I I u M

~ U U IGl ~ ~ ~ ~ U U V ~ J ? H ~ ~ ~ ~ S ~ ~ J ~ ~ ~ ~ P ~ ~ C J C ~ I ~ J ~ J u L%U 1l<4;~ gill Fffl5d U A U ~

dw6 1fluGu 3. ~ V I - I ~ R ~ Y W ~ (Settings) d ~ u i a h &in di7c hum$au &GNAL#LI?UIDJ

rYunittuin~;duutldu q dnrii~rnuhrill{fiiu~au 4. lmda4~n~ijf1 u a q d n d (Tools and Equipment) r ~ u n ? w l l m n r n l 5 ~ s u f

~dorl~dumsw~n~?o~~f~un'unr'wtl7nadu 7 kurnnu'n~flutn';o~!on7~6~tb h n

Gydnmi visotdotfio i d o r l ~ 6 w q ~ d u ~n%~l iwisnmr ~ n f a ~ n o u 9 ? ~ n o i ifJusiu & 2.

5. E o n m (Activities) b~ki j ldu~af i~naaudnhan~u ~ n r ~ w r n ~ d w i i u ~ l w A u Y namau ~den.i:fi~i?u~un?w tnndu7 ~?~olilu~nnfin?5mfl~p1~~d~n~siiuuni~~l~u ~ d u r n ~ a o u ~ u u l d ~ u r u &nu un:arnun~.m6iiao~~5on~To'~n"~u~n~i fiqnrmr~ h d U dc. A t 2 unuqnrplc~~ kam:nnn~uu 4m~~%~~~n~nisuraw1:S'11~~?~"u3h~3~i;l~~1'1r)~~ni3

Psnun~s~au $4d hCn~~ufinrmrrun~~n~rdf=:nu~n~~u.li~mi (2536 : 22 - 23 ) 16711

Ijii d a n ~ ~ ~ ? t l ~ n ~ ~ ~ a u m ~ u l i ~ ~ ~ n ' L ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ n ~ t ~ = : I ~ U UL~J~IURV~HWW o s ~ i g o L a3

u l i c ~ n u g n a w m ~ utedtn~udm:oalis, iilugu $46 r i $ ~ ~ - t n 6onwirsu

dani~nawtilu g r l n . m & ~ ~ l u n ~ . r r i l u n a ~ c ~ ~ i u ~ u ~ : ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ : ~ i ~ ~ n ~ n " u ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ 1~aialulro~ui1ouniroui4u"u ~ d o ~ e i n i o n l ~ ~ s u l ~ : r l ? u ~ ~ m u ~ ~ n r i ~ u n a n ~ a ~ f i o ~ ? ~ Cntr:: ronnR nawi naiuifilq un:dwqclbci7'Iui're~rn~~~au & Auriwnnr mwvmwun'

(2531 : 41 ) ~ & ~ W ~ R ~ T U R C I ~ A U L ~ U ~ ~ " U U ~ U ~ ~ V O J ~ O ~ U " ~ ~ ~ ~ Q I U = : M ~ ~ I d n n v ~ a uil:

~ m a i u h 6 G u l n $ u i i l u ~i;a~oin~~isuu~d7u?uu1nu"w firiPtouknowlntl??i II

ur3tl7a L L U U L G ~ i u iwnteiu irnnlmnu$~~

unuin mud bun' ~udPs1 (2528 : 13 -16 8q~O~lu nq~d oini~irc oacnw, 2540 : 22-23) 646

r . ~ s n i s n o u I ~ ~ ~ a u l f i ~ d ~ : ~ u n i ~ n a ' ~ ~ ~ ~~e:~?suln3ni~~"~tltb~lxi U t d o d~znaun7r~au

2. ~ ~ ~ c L Y ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ J ~ ~ M ~ R o u ~ L I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u I ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u M ~ I u W B J & ~ ~ J 7

sa:h u r i ~ ~Riuti7wfimu6m U R Z ~ V L L ~ ~ ~ ~ M I $ ~ ~

3. d s r n ~ ~ ~ u 1 ~ d s r ~ u m s & ~ i h r ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ vi7'L$~6r~wfiau~\6ari7~nn4~~ 7J

oniidn~nwiw 7 l l~nasruiu

4. k i a n i 5 ~ a ~ f l 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 u i f l 7 7 ~ ~ 1 f 3 ~ oam L A R R ~ ~ U W R R ~ ~ J R S S ~ C %unumm

\ ~ R E L O F I ~ I

5. X D ~ T ~ R D U R I U ~ ~ O ~ ~ U I I Y ~ U ~ ~ ~ L I U - IGfiu~IRii? U Q L U ~ ~ # U 6. A B ~ ~ ~ H ~ W # ~ L ~ ~ K ~ ~ ~ ~ T : M E W R ~ ~ R UR:L?R?VOJR! ua:dhni?ltrni-ntu

~ - ~ u ~ ¶ : M $ Q ~ R ~ ~ ~ B J $ ~ ~ L I u ~ ~ l ~ " u n ~ ~ r ~ l o d s : W n w ~ ~ ~ n ~ u u ~ u 7 s i e h

7. 'Ron~~rrnui~I~~fi~~uifim~~~uw 019 L L R : & Q UHULB~

uanomd fiuvjwnru tnw~nuwn' (2531 : 41 j l ~ i i ~ l w nqvni Tunilii~ liar n u . 2540 : 23) '1sini~aii~unu~rno~Ban7~aou ~6

VUCl r . ~ o m ~ ~ a d ? ~ ~ u n m ~ ~ d f = ~ l y n ~ ~ d ~ ~ i f ~ ~ u ~ n ' u ~ n Y ' ~ 2. t o r n ~ a n u ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ f i ~ n k ~ ~ u ~ r ( i ~ ~ u Y o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d i i n ? ~ l m u ~ u d o ~ t i u

3. ~on~~rou$~ut'n$n7~uwrti u a t n ~ u q u ~ ~ u u l ~ d ~ n " J 0 ~ ~ ~ u m 0 ~ 1 , ~

n ~ ~ d v i ~ ~ n . i o u ~ ~ u k ~ % v ~ ~ ~ m n n ~ ~ f i u u f

4. B o m s a o u ~ u I ~ ~ ~ a u 0 " ~ 1 i i ~ n ~ ~ u n ~ ' ~ ~ ~ u ~ Ciunndi~h

ill:~$mrrlal ilildU Z-lI$ 4. rnniluo~h%u?jiandx;na~n ibw umvran~~nfihn:a~du n o r h u l l i h

~ e i u r niau:IurnsdanduICni ~fi inf : R W M ~ ' J # ~ ~ U W ~ ' L ~ u P ~ u I ~ ~ z ~ ~ I O U ' U O J Z ~ ~ T : I R ~ ~ ~ Y

5. n ~ . i f i ~ ~ t l : ~ ~ ~ n ? ~ u a r ~ o ' n 5 ' n w ~ f l a ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 $ 0 ~ ~ ~ 1 h~i"Tuu drnmqw

6. mri~u~~~~nRii[~"Iu~~~~m~~~I'itlw f iu dmmaw U R ~ U 7 7. mmf n~~o~mrla"ldu waiain t f f a ~ o ~ n ~ f l w m ~ ~ i a ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ m n rra4.a'

L3AllbIU

a. r n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i u ~ ~ ~ n ~ o ' u i i l u m m ~ ~ ~ G idu liie inii 54s~: iiluCu 9. n ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ l l d ~ ~ & o ~ ~ ~ m n n i i ~ a ~ u m ~ ~ ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ] u a n

10. mfGn I ~ L I U UUCJIWGJ ~ ~ I L L W J ~ $OJ<+

r r . m m ~ n d ~ ~ h k m ~ ~ n i d u ~ ~ u n d a ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ d U CI

12. n ~ ~ ~ n w i v u ~ n a ~ ~ ~ i i w 113: LW NOURJWV D J I ~ U I da~ilunlaa~?nd P f J U ? ~ ~iwn?~wd~

r n . r ~ ~ ~ n n u n i s ~ o u n ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ i i a m ~ ' a u ~ n ~ ~ IGun~iR~dr~~~flkio d w i

d3zi4.n~mrrtu 47r3uorGn~d~6nn~1 u ~ r ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ Z ~ n i ~ ~ " n f i o n ~ ~ u n ~ r f i ~ u n ~ ~ i i n ,Lq Y d ' r i luuu~m~luni~dgu sl~u

1. n r w ' ~ o u i i o 1 ~ ' i ~ ~ i l u ~ n m ~ # i j ~ 1 n ~ 7 n k ? ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' a U rnSmRannurns irouni.rrra w i ~ u a ~ a j u ~ n ~ i u m ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ f ~ ~ ~ ~ " 1 ~ o t i l ~ ~ d a ~ h ~ n i w

2. ~a7a~f ~ ~ 5 ~ m n ~ wn-~nlyndq up1~~'It~~tluu~qunu u'ukusi (u5iir.l.r "2 u dd o m s i rSnduw i$nwnnu us:@q~~iu doe6a~Z~~~~uf?uiion'uari~~~1"s~o"~

X 3. Guirrn~ tl ua:mmecio~ijn~iu~ 7A n ~ i u r u i l a ~ ~ ~ ~ h L~U~U&LL~RS~~&~III

ua-~niwnmih o r k u a ~ ~ a u ~ u ~ u n u ~ " ~ a n ' o ~ d u ~ t i ~ ~ a ' ~ ~ o u

4. nmur n m u ~ ~ & ~ d o3riudf'11~7 G n n ~ s uw5n UR~~R~~T:RJ&BJ iia rranhufinks? o z r i ~ u ' L ~ ~ ' ~ ~ f i u ~ ~ ~ ~ u f l n ~ ~ ~ a n i 3 o " m d d u ~ R R ' ~ z J ~ ~ w ~ ~ ~ E I J ' I ~ 3ritlu16 GI iqub~Cu

5. n 7 5 ~ f i ~ n r m m . r i i ~ u n ~ ~ ~ a u v s - i ~ n u ~rriu cio.srhngn qna uficnm6s u n a l ~ ~ f i o u u a c ~ r n w n ~ r n d d ~ f l i l u 9 ~ ~ ~ na7un'o~rn1hui;Ju?na'au~~~uci~r~ud ~ 7 %

Iln~omnCa Jn'u 6. n ~ 1 f i n l i l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i 7 n n ~ 1 ~ f i ' I o ~ f i ~ ~ ~ ~ o u ~~nnuhrflut$a~6uh~%

4- Lt $U?MI~ uaen;i~au?nnuuo~lr~Iillu idoi tnn:iikqdxmn buom i\a:uu.~Rmnu diiinusl'l'r"[uni~nn13r3tru

7. (11h73 uam~fm'aoucis J $ ~ ? ~ U ~ C I ~ U ihIo'Lunr=:~1~urt~~ ue&uaaunm dqr Knq~1~11IQri~uwuft~3aou ~uiitCu!nnimou

autou s~11~rn7aw ~ ~ ~ ~ M ~ ~ ~ M R ~ L I ' I U ~ I I L L U I J ~~arns:uaun790'nn~s~nw1 dn aurnca~ d ' d n ~ 1 u & ~ n ~ . o u a ~ w ' A t l u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l 6 ~ ~ n ~ ~ U laasruunm;nwi~ nJdazlnd!n ~ a z 6 a ~ i n i ~

t ~d&u~tdar l ~ i u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u n " ~ ~ = u u nausiuu?Wn I n s ~ r r i i ~ arn 'n~ nrm"rVr~~<mnx nszuqu

n~sRuunimau ua-6 h&&nie nilridrinn8n~7d~6xf U ~ I ~ T ~ ~ U ~ " ~ I L ~ ~ U Z I M %l l

nn~fiuww E a ~ u am6nnlatnaw piio~omu n~n'nrmm~mddod uaedauqs.au o:Gm rfiu?!ri?w?7ulurr<u~h~ 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ d d a u l u n ~ s i n ~ ~ d l u M ~ C R I .~wR~rnrasm ~ a u d r ~ G w n n d t n m h i~unlrsiw q o:<a~iotrilu~dsnua~:m'111J"1!~~ni~ I n w d ~ a i G W.R. 2542 ~117(1C/ 8 ~ ~ S ~ ? L ~ ~ ~ W L ~ I ~ ~ U R ~ ~ I ~ R ~ ~ U ~ J M T ~ ~ H ~ ~ W I R ~ 58 (2) dx+~ Ir;iynna m~aunii TUTU o~n'nmyau od6nrtlnn3o~ hurio~i;u m m c a r 6 nslanau na6ns5nl3w rniUcUmm7 ~niuL1~:na~rna U R = ~ ~ C M E - ~ ~ J ~ U f:ma

niw mnxA ania4nm b u ~ i r u ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ e G k ~ w i a u 9 u n i ~ o ' ~ n ~ r f i n w ~ ut~~nniwsin16au

1Jiuriaoi~dn~irr~:ijhuf ~ u ~ Y ~ ~ T ~ : ~ ~ I ' Z . ~ ' ~ ~ L ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ F ~ ~ U ~ ~ I U L H U ~ : E Q ~ uarmqu

n~iuhtduludu'au~~ 4 &hhuuu?ni>~aniGnln hmnn 24 (6) rryii hrn~fitru Y , A' ? ~ ~ n m u d $ n n a ~ ~ n ~ n i u ~ ~ r n n l c m u n ~ ~ u i ~ u i a n ' ~ O w i u ~ ~ ~ ~ $.lilnnw c us:

ynn~Iuyu~~uy!nhu ~dok~~uw"w~u~~r"sou~i~Kn~~ni)~ (hrinnunrurnnum'1n7nh:nu

f i nw~us i~ rn i , 25421 : 22,10)

n ~ s i ? u d o ~ ~ w u ~ ~ f i o u r n i ~ ~ R " n ~ ~ n i w i~uci?uv$d~ a ~ m n k r n ~ ~ ~ ~ a . t ~ " l $ li

k f i n $ u ~ ~ n na-qn H ~nidsrrnw~?iua?uiion'11~61~ U ~ T R I ~ ~ ~ ~ T o ~ ) u Q : ~ R R B

lu~umcyndi o rrfoi~uiio~~wiuui~p9~1u~1u~n11n~w rnn'nni~fi~urnsnowniu~~cb~u"

n?&~drmu~lu~?i~fim-~ u7.rw-1 ~ d a Z ~ r n ~ : n ~ i i ~ ~ n u ~ ~ ~ v o ~ n 7 ~ ~ i l u ~ ~ L L u u # ~ IU

n~.rriilmI~lG~~u~:aun'u?'~~ IIYPIOFII uirni mumi& J~K~~FIsIuU'IUI~ H i n r i l u A - liiu~n"~3u~atfiou ocmmnw~uii~u~3'h~s'~~n~n~~~~11~~~~=: aaurns:h6qlG bo

nww U w?u6ugndr:hu ri~sn'ufiwiuC~u i iu~~~ium'10l~~ds~~n i i l u ~ ~ 6 u ~ a i ~ K - 1 ~ M h u sdgn hsn-nur"nZfifi3~'I~1 ~ H ~ H U ~ S O L~~$OJL;UW n ~ ~ ~ n ~ n l n l ~ : ( n u ~ ~ w & y n ~ a ~ u ~ ~ a u ~ n d i d u m a 8 ' ~ n ~ ~ f l n ~ ~ ~ ? n ~ a u q ~ ~ n ~ n n i o r d w ~ i ~ l l u u u n m ~ m ns:u~urn.rr5uu~~rfo~fitlu ;ad n ~ n ~ ~ c i r ~ l o n ~ ~ l h ~ ~ n m o ~ ~ u ~ u ua:o~dnfn.rRiuiwu nrru kra5un1.rfisuf m i u S " t ~ ~ w ~ e u ~ u m u ~ f i ~ n m ~ i n ~ 7 ( w l l f i Lnwnua. 2543 :

35) ~ ~ ~ T U R I ; L U ua=nw~ijkuja U V O J ~ R R W I U T U % U ~ ~ ~ ~ I I L ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ C U G W U ~ $ ? ~ ~ M t

niu~ninemnuu wsrnmUyy%n~~#nw~uitm~ w .cr. 2542 annn 29 s:qdq IKST~IU dnw+aunlllynna n r a l m f i 7usw o~6nyumr ~cirmlnn~orhun'o~h Lonm o ~ h

ianm o~6nfimBw rn7ll'ufl~m.n r n ~ ~ s : n n u n ~ r u a : m ~ u ~ r ~ ' ~ n u ~ u 1um.r riJ ~Riumur+u u4aa a q u m In uca nzuaun~.rBuu$n ~ Z U ~ U ' I I U LA EIIIY~~JT~~~TG-I nv8nw owu n-nuco.s~?na~uf Q t a riqacnr ~ n ~ ' a o n m ~ f i ~ q y 7 u ~ : ? n t l i n ~ 3

I. +I; tar ~ u % ~ ~ m ~ u ~ n w n ~ l ~ i h t l h e ~ f i ~ ~ ~ u m ~ ~ n ~ r a n ~ l ~ ~ ~ l m ~ i u f i m ~

A'n ~ f I 7 1 $ ~ ~ 7 k f l ~ l ~ ~ f l l d ~ ~ l ~ L ~ 7 ~ n l u ~ f l t ~ ? l U n ' o ~ n l l u o 4 ~ 3 J r " r t l ~ \ d h x I ~ ~ u 1

2. OJ(L I ' ~?~~ U R ~ R I ~ O T ~ O ~ U ~ W lJ LLR:~!U ~ R U ~ T U U O ~ i~n~sldin ~5 i u 3 ~ immqD3yq~raqutru

3. n muds ~inmfj;~mr~~ioI3~iruu ~ ~ ~ ~ a o h ~ l l i n d a n l l ! k - ~ ~ f 3 ~ 1 bu ir$fiiiua5u'aon~~~

4. nxrlqt~?rr ~ ~ ~ M L ~ U U M ~ J ~ I I mn7m a~yu~ut.n"uf n ~ x ~ r i ; o:da e~tAu

f i t 5 nmw ~ra:ms~huf?u~&diwin rdw nihh?ininlr~mi7uao~d Lanm.r G a p

m~IuIa8dr~u~taun"u~mu $ u ~ u 5. n~~iin&nnunl~n7rlnw ~ ? a n ~ ~ u r n h ~ 8 a u d o l ~ ~ r i ? u f ~ u t u n i ~

a: l ~ r f i u ~ i u d i ~ 7 n~n~~Kwuila~liuu m~Tmoiiiirnnon~~litlun~~uau 1~ a ~ r i u r n x i ~ ~ i i

f i Q ~ l n ' o ~ 6 ~ l f i ~ T ~ f i J J ~ f n ~

6. n d a m a lutluvli drza?%uw'xd ~dn~.i7smmucu'~1q%Gi Sinn?3ijd3~<~1

oliw adxcruo Iw duumnriia rn~i~~uu~~ni~~om'~ d~:niriuruflHimnnKa~n'u r a d A ~oama(uau ~h uclw$u nmdd wudaliiu O7u J.r:ni~ sluJa~w& ~EluGu

7. m~Aii~n71uriurr'udn"u~u'11~ h r ~ i ~ ~ a w i : $ a v o ~ n ~ u d ~ : : n ~ odia~?lu

srrum,( ~~urPi ro~1~~ i lun~~~rr '~1w'~d~b~3f7~~~r ' Is j~~un1~n7~ ~ J I Q R ~ ~ h u u u n ? ~ ms ~ i . d u n3iiinmuiiYqu~n~s 7I fl3GulaYlilu$o R ~ ~ ~ R ~ I U ~ G - I U ~ R I ~ f l3~~uRad:~ilu

#a & ~ n i ~ i j & u h ~ LLA:P~~~~IIT~-IT&I L Q U J ~ ~ G R nu~r i fduni~ &$u nn4~'~rn~r7~u$tl'~~i~~~16~n~~a~~nm~~nd JrnnhrmwnnuhuCar7~

fin u i n i C ~ n ~ r o ~ ~ ~ a z q ~ l n n a I u ~ u ~ u y n ~ i ~ ~ i A a a a u ~ u ~ ' w u ~ y i i ~ ~ u ~ i ~ ~ n ~ n i w rilw n~ru~unir~oeri~u~'Ll;in~~~niadn~i~~rm~l~h~'ro~~~3'~q21~::1~n' us:~rinn~s\u

P I - -

vl~:nalilyijijnndn'~~~~~V;aO w.n. 2 ~ 2 ~m*)nihu~$nmui?sh uccd~~anuori?~ ~54o"j

rusrnrnuycy~nir~n~iuvi~~~~ w.n. 2542 rill~~w~awu~nuSCj~~:un"l~~n~w

u i tilyqnn~rnlr8n w o i q e ~ i 4 . ~ . n ~ i animUwu~~ui~u~u &tl u ~ : ~ $ i d i ~ d d ju3i n d i J ~ J A u R E ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J u ~ ~ ? ~ : 1 ) ~ I ~ n ~ ~ ~ n m l w ~ ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ n w ~ ~ ~ 7 n u n w 8 ~ ~ r r i o \ $ ~ f i ~

V " P( a brim rnSnymlhrrurnsdh~ 9 n ~ ~ a r n ~ u ~ ~ u n i ~ t l u & ~ r n ~ ' ~ a ~ ~ u ~IGYU au

auw r n s ~ ~ s z u u Q ~ a ~ i n t l ~ lula~isau uarpau ~ ~ o f i o u ~ ~ a t n n u ~ u ~ u h a ~ ~ d ~ r 2 %~wiciwii~~fismc ~ n o p i T ~ mr~~Ir~l iuw'Ni~ r i o n i u u ~ s = iiluciu uanoqnd

di i l f idp~e ~ n u i B lm~as~cujimsua JR;$BOU din uawq ra7l~l~niiuupnn-da~j7~ a'r~lil

w e rl u?n.rgwi: 8 Pknw~+u*suunmsou la unucrwIcirrkru~nw n?lucnuim

~~amav~ocinlsiR7u htlniw b a ~ n i u ~ ~ ~ c i w u a : u f l ~ ; ~ 6 a v u a ~ l i n 1 ? ~ 1 ~ 1 B u m ~ 1 ~ n ~ a

h - i q f i s n ~ w ~ l l u n ~ ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ u ' n f i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ l ~ m ' a &&unnu$nuinmr ~Qu%~rntd~rmrnTru' &dnng$nwx~4u+m ~ + u mumi Gad: nlryn rnsA au

nGn~irrwi rDrc6u rnwsSlwii 9 ~ n i ~ l i s u n i . r ~ a u h uI&aa ri73'~1~7n~a~ da4Lai~n~~isurcl ;

aa~Cnirmc rh~?udo E~lswdxmn ~ - d r - . r n n i ~ ~ ~ m i a ~ u ' a i h l r w i a v n k r n ~ u i V

A ~ I E A $5 d $ u munqnna nnwn nduu~:uan~a~i~uu d d a 7 o r ~ u ~ a n n u ~ ~ u l l a d n u v o n i ~ f i

h ~ i j w niu n m uauci a o ~ ~ i ~ y a ~ d l f l o ~ ~nJrJ'u$nnw inq *oufi?~noi n l r lnw2 w o n c m ~ d n71mZn n-~rnnao~ mu C ~ i l r y r y ~ ' o ~ d ~ mumam i n ~o~udlmoums

d w 7 rQu6u u - ~ m r ~ d 10 ~rrr0uriniruu~nu~n4~u~ti~~si~~ifa~ $3u~njot ii u umeiS

V 1 rn&~rrrn:~u ~ d o r i l w ~ r n ~ ~ r e ~ i i u u ~ Z ~ 7 u n ~ ~ w " ~ ~ u ~ u n ~ ~

~u"n~7unnr=nrrun~~n~d3:nuGnw~uri~n1i (2541tr : 54) nd773-1 ~ 7 ~ 3

F u n ~ s u ? ~ ~ ~ l ~ ~ f i u u ~ ~ u n ~ a ~ ~ % ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f i~1~6ij11~:in~niw c8aionq6m~onnv mr v LI dsunwnou uarori~aadamr~'au~~r~n~wuni~uuu"u 4 ~ ~ i l u n ~ : u ~ ~ n i ~ ~ " r v l ~ ~ ~ ~

mr~$~uurilu\n<odo ~umnRH7a~7u bo w u ~ u ~ ? l ~ n n m m J ~ M L I I ' U ~ S E ~ ? U ~ U

mulua'nnw ~ L R : ~ ~ R ~ ~ ~ J ~ ~ ~ I ~ v ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ c I U d hniy (lo r/~~Cuwiolui~~nrnCnPsou

I r ~ A a u i ~ G u n ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ y n m n r ~ n ^ a n ~ ~ u ~ ~ f ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Cmiiannu Ru"~+umx5ilum~nu En~slh.-mu~nui7uii0~7npnrrl7tl ~da6wu7Iuirou c i ~ t i i

nmdrr t b u u ~ n i d ~ ~ " R ~ ~ u o r i 7 ~ ~ ~ u f :YU d ~ ~ r c n a u ~ i t l s-ul~apw 5 6 Y ( R J ~ U ~ 1 ~ T ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u L ~ u L ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ o ' L w ~ ~ s u % ~ ~ ~ u a i n ~ i ~ k h % ~ ~ w

dort75ru&nuammn~ U anla?urny~~~~nuIuI~~fi~~u k h nwu ~UMU-I LIJ-,USI'I JRI XI r* nai$a'nnumuqm n i ~ ~ f i ~ u w u d g u w ~ ~ u ~ I j ~ ~ i 3 1 1 ~ h ~ n ~ w

rinndn.iadwn(uar q l 36 QW ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ R U U U ~ L R T ~ ~ M ' U Y U ~ I L L U ~ ~ ~ : C F I ~ ~ e r n u u lu~n~iuKuvJ"ufl6~an1'1~n ;D u"nfi~lu~Ifim~~nn~a5~~luu5~~lnz~ nliru"nPTuu d ~ m ~ i ~ r n . l t l n n i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ I ~ ~ n ~ ~ u ~ u ~ u f i l m i u m u ~ m d u n i s u n ' i l ~ ~ ~ u ~ n ~ i ~ ~ t b ~ r i ~ ~ f i

*ad Ca h 6 g n i ~ n o n n a -05 L ~ ? U ~ ~ L ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ S ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ' U ' U ~ L F ~ ~ = : ~ ~ ' U C ~ P ~ O U ~ I ~

sirn7aann7~~muuuq7~~~nd1:~nn rr~=u'nfi~u~~~~um3~nn~~~~uuu~?uundT::Lnn

~urinlitru~lnKurn~~nn~~iim uuu1.t n77u bw"u6 i in .numuisnIun~r~~n' f l~~~ ~ m n h~niradldJiiu"tlh6ynid~i% h n i u ~ n f i u u ~ ~ ~ : ~ u n a ~ u n u " ~ y ~ ~ ~ n ~ s ~ ~ t a h w

nfi~rnamip ~ ~ r i m i e u d i i a ~ u ~ ~ ~ u 0 u ' ~ n ~ ~ n ~ a ~ u u d i 1 ~ ~ 1 6 ~ ~ ~ ~ m 5 ' d ~ u n a ~ ~ uar

u'nc"rtlu~i;8.r:~un~~unu"~ni~n~a~"s~1ud~umfim~1~~~i~~ ~ u r i n ~ e u i / d . r : ~ u ~ ~ i u n u ' ~ n~~n1niaufiunria~11~mii7 i h ~ ~ u m l n m n I u n i r ~ ~ ~ ~ q ~ ~ ~ ~ c ~ ~ w ~ ~ ~ u a L~IJGITD~GIJ

n w ~ G i3:6u -0.1 h u ~ ~ t r u ~ i j ~ ~ ~ u n ~ i u n u ' ~ n ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ s ~ u 5iunfim~1wn~d~unm u d Jd

~ ~ ~ n ~ . j ~ l ~ ~ l ~ f t & f i 3 7 t l n ~ f l ~ 7 5 n 7 f L%JU ~3~nfiFlm~~l$& 3~1+l7ZJffl~7f " ~ U M T

u < ~ y ~ 7 u ~ n c i ~ ~ ~ u a i 7 ~ f i ~ " t l ~ i i q n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d s r ~ -05 u~nig&uv~'u&:ni13~fn~~~n ~~~un7~6mdq~n'u nirr:~u~~iuo~~n~~n~aPs~1uBi~un~~m~w5' ij w adoclmamum-11~ rn~un'Gq?ml nnn h d n i r o d i d r i i 4 h<yn-~~~~fiQ

k.lu"nmumrurnmn73m-s#nw uddma (2529. & ~ f i ~ ~ u h ~ n ~ l u n w n 3 3 t l n ? r rnd1~nulnwud~n8.2~42n : 23) w u i ~ n ~ ~ d ~ : # n ~ m d ~ n ~ ~ ~ a u u i u ~ = : i j ~ n ~ w ~

A d - - A d , luwwu7nsio ~ n l ~ n g n~~n~nisuuo~CnArru n;nun~u~~nnwaCn fiuutuui%n

U U 4

11-73 I ~ L ~ P ~ ' ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ = : ~ ~ o ~ u u ~ ~ oriclalnunis~~uiira~r~n'n~~ms~"rtl URJU'U U

h ~ n m u n n r r n m n m a 8 n ~ i u v i j m l (2533. rji~6J'2u~%nmu~wn~suni~ P - mnlrroufinwuvi~mfi, 2542" : 25) ~ s i d J n ~ ~ F / u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d a u a r ~ o ~ t l ~ u a n ~ ~ m n

-u d d n - r n f i n ~ i ~ ~ u 7 ~ o n m a q $ n d wuii ?nmlw& u s ~ ~ a ~ d g u n n i ~ r i J a a n i ~ ~ a u d ~ ? ~ 7 ~

Y na lml iw ~nori~ci~un~ru~un~~r"stlun~~~~uv 0 3 q *u d ~ q m &mja (2537 : 92) I~Ynm7ourroa u n ~ m m m ~ u ~ u ~ ~ ~ ' ~ T f ~ ii.u

ad l C ~ u u h n u ~ a n q & ~ ~ r n n ' a ' ~ 1 ~ ~ € ~ ~ ~ 7 t l w iinknaua~a7gdnrn taanlsanw 12

w u i ~ H'u^rvli~iirnumd U e n 1 ~ 1 ~ ~ 6 u ~ i u 3 9 ' u I u ~ ~ ~ LTUU o ~ l u ~ : ~ u l h u n n ~ n-nlCmm u th~~~urnfiP'uZuIaJduu iilun~rn~~uI~~um~~ic1a~u$~ri 7 ci?aifmin'a tda

r!ou (8ien. 1974 : 20414) k ianw~?~ul?uri i thz~iw~b~u n-~s&~n"u

~ q ~ u m u q ~ n ¶ ~ n m i , ~ a ~ ~ d m I R ~ I ~ ~ ~ U R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U U ' ~ P ~ ~ ~ M ~ U ~ S = : O U ~ R W ~ ~ ~ ~ 4

4 7 ~ 1 ~ 140 nu s ~ ~ Z J ~ Y I ~ H O Y W Y ~ ~ J ~ R ' I C ~ L I ~ ~ U L I L I ~ ~ A ~ U ~ ~ " ~ ~ W ~ W ' U O J ~ ~ (Children's

rnbedded Figures Test) 01n~u~~ulll~aoun?lumu1mlun~311n*~~~~~~vfl~~ Ham3

~ ~ ~ w u - j l r~ndirn~~uuu?knn=:$k%~untl7~1 ~ ~ a : u u u n ~ ~ u n u ~ r n n ~ ~ n 7 a u ~ i l y ~ ~ ~RYRGFI I~ B ~ n i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i l ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ u u ~ d ~

uancnaii (Satterty. 1976: 179 - 181 DY?J~~JIU~JU"?~~T. 2542 : 25) a m m

~7~uir"uGwh~~iqouuun7fZm 7zGu~;ilqy-l U B Z W ~ ~ W ~ ~ # ~ W ~ ~ ~ ~ U W om&

t Euumtr.lrudr=nudnw7 wui7 U L I ' U ~ ~ T ~ ~ C I L L ' U ~ ~ L R M : ~ ~ C ~ ~ I ~ ~ U ~ ' U ~ H ~ I ~ I I ~ ~ ~ ' U ~ : : & U

EfNqrg

n~78LLxl~k~:f i~ff IJ~f i~d (Glassman and Rimaiminof, 1981 : unpaged $73 a,, fhlu nsuinmr,2542 : 23) Isidn wo~dd.icn nunuanSw~c'o nqsii~rrnoarini+tl w

wuil 0 ~ ~ 1 : n a ~ d d ~ ~ n h ~ ~ w t l m ~ d t i i a n ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ' ~ 1 o ~ ~ " n ~ t l Wnn;$~au &%mn ~ n u m ~ i ~ a r @ ~ b u a ~ q m3uouaulunu ~ ~ ~ m l R u n h o ~ n ~

nnd6 (craft, 1988: 1633 - A 6 ~ f i ~ l w nmiamm.2542 : 30) IwYnw.ni;~ rirrrr~lao~quaurio n d n w tbar.rtciu n ~ . r i i i ? u i ~ u I w n ' s n ~ f n 0 3 € ~ ~ ~ ' . ~ 1 ~ cilu n v 8 n w ~ ~ d o m s ~ n ~ ~ u R R d i i n ~ ~ G r i ? u i ~ u l u R ~ n ~ m o ~ ~ a ~ ~ ' r ~ u o : r i ~ l $ f T ~ w n R u a ~ ~

'LiM6~1~t~flMb&A PR?JMU~II;O 6 a ~ " 7 5 ~ n ~ l n 7 7 ~ ~ ~ $ ~ h ~ ~ i 7 ~ f =:6'un+~ijhuha i 4

~nnCauua~ha dow ua:C+1un8sioan~dn~"u wan~.r8n~i , lwui~ irnaiuciuKui

n '~ f t . s l l i 143~6 l ln"~~ f l~ un:sruu~r~fitlu~u~~d~::~~u~~40~ u G i ~ ~ j i f i l w 3 7 ~ ~ a ~ % ~

s:nil~5fiuniuoc~un~sio"R~u3m~'au Hian'Rwnlua~~uru~u~llr-~un~s1u'i . j3~1~1~~1n~~

S I O J ~ S J ~ ~ L I U ,Y B d

o7nqilanmu.ru'od ~ ~ ~ ~ u 7 j ~ ~ n ~ d u l l ~ = 1 n ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o " ~ s i ~ ~ t l ~ : ~ 1 616~rna uluril h~nwi~u~i lun~tu-aunir~~ nmi hwi?~vo~ynu siom1hmdn~7 8anl.r

I U iruu mr~mnatu~un~~fitlun~~wau rnriar~juni~rnx~ v n ~ i u ~ ~ n u ~ ~ ~ l o l w w r ~ n a fl+~3n~sdnwqurianq a.H. 2542 m d ~ CJ t f h d Y ~ 7 \ ~ n 7 3 d ~ y ? i i$u n i ~ i i rixtt2u

u ~ J ~ " I I U ' I U T I ~ ~ Q A ~ ~ S J U ~ ~ ~ ' I ~ J ~ L I U ~ U n ~ n ~ i ~ n n u f i r i u ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ n ' a ~ ~ u n ~ 3 ~ ~ ~

B~.lia;aiiqrn-rua313~~f U U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ? I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ F I ~ I L I L ~ ~ B rs:uinhGnIuni.iC~u.i3~

kw~luihdw 7 $u wniq dxrcun~&atn$ w a d o n 7 f s " w n ~ ' 1 f i u u n 7 ~ ~ ua-nis t ? ~ ~ $ l f l u o j ~ f i i i o ~