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p8]JoIHQ)l(eIlH.fl Dpe.llHTC11eA paCTCHIlA H nap83HTOB '1C110BCK3 II lKIIBOTIlbIX,

pawlOHaJlbHOro HcnOJlb30BllHlIJl npltPOllllbiX peCYPCOB.

B pe3YAbTaTe iOY'leHItA TCOpeTH'ICCKOro k)'pCll «OcHOBbi 3OO.1l0nlHJI

Cfyll.ClfTW ,Il,omKHbI:

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opralllf3lUlHH;

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OTlI.C11bllblX opranOB H BblnonHJlCNWX ItMH q.YllkWlR;

- p83HoOOpll3HC cnoeoOOB p8]MHO)l(ClllUl H 6HOnOnt'lCCKIIX IlHKJlOD

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pacnpocrpllHCHH.II H 3113'lCIlIl.ll D npllpo!lC H X03.llficrBCHHOfi lI.CIlTC11bllOCTII

'lCJlOBCKa;

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opraHHJMOB;

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lKHBOTlfIol.X:

npllMelUlTb CpaJlHHTenbHO-MOPlP01l0rll'lCCKlln H 3BOmoWIOHIIWA

nOJlXO!lb1 ,n.rUI XapllKTepllCTIflCH OCHOBHIoIX T4J(:COliOB )f(llBOTHIol.X.

npH IITCIIHH IICk1.tIfOllllOro xypca H npoBCJIcHHH lIa60paropHIoIX 3alla-rnA

peKOMCllAYerc~ HCnOJlIo301l&ilie JICMOHCTpllU,llOHHlolX M3TePliaIlOII: BJI/DIOfbIX 11

MIIKpOnpenapllTOlI, npe3eHTlUl.IlA, paJlloo6p83HOro paJJIaTO'lHoro MaTepllana,

Ta6J11U.l. rtpe:JelrrllU,llA, MCIIOlIoro pltcymm.

npenomlllllliliC «DeHOII 3001l0rmt» rtp080.llHTCII. no (iIlO'fllD-MOll.YJlbIlOMY

npllHllimy. B IC)'pce IIIo1Jl.eJ1CIlO 6 MOJIYlleit I - BBeJICHHC; II - l\apeTBO Protista­

npocTefunHC; III - Ullpc1'BO Animalia - MHOroKJICTO'lI""'C lKHSOTIlblC. HmwileMHOroKlleTO'lHWC II JIBYXCJlOnlli>lC lKIlBOTHIoIC; IV - )lByCTOpOHHC CIIMMeTpll'lHi>le

1KHBOTlflole - Bilatcralia. nep811'1l1oparble - Protostomia; V - BTopH'lHopon.Ie ­

Deulorostomia, VI - OcHOIlHIol.C nanlol. 11 JaKOIIOMCP"OCTM 31l0JllOWIH lK1IBOTHI>lX.

t\JUI opram08U.HH C8MOCTOllTeJlbHOK pa6crrlol. CTyll,CHTOII no K)'pC)' cnc.nyer

IlcnOllbJOllaTlo Itll!tfOpMaLtllOIlHI>lC TCXHOIIONIH: paJMCCTHTb B CSo6ollHOM JIocryne

kOMllJlCXC y'lC6HhlX II Y'le6Ho-MeTOJ1lI'ICCKHX MaTePHaJ108 (rtpOrpaMMa,

MeTQJlH'ICCKlie yKIl3llHHJI K lIa6opllTOpHIoIM 3IlHJITIUlM, cnllcox peKoMeitAYc",iOn

;urreparyplol, 3;m1l11HJ1 )lJIII. caMOKOlfIll'OM. 3JICKTJlOHHI>lC nocOOHJI 11 y'le6HHkll H

"P.).KOlrrpOllb CaMOCTOIlTCJlbHOA pa6crrlol. cry.nclrro8 l\eJlCCoo6PIl3HO npo80,!llm. 8

QlopMe: TelC)'ll.{cro KOHTpOJUI JHllHHA IIa lIa6opaTopHI>lX JIlHJITHJIX, KOlllIOKllllYMOB.

TeCT080ro KOMn",OTepuoro KOIITpOIIJI no TeMaM H paJ.nCJIaM KypCIl. ./lJIll 06uteA

OU,Ctorn yCBOCHIIJI cryJICUTaMH Y'le6HOro NIl'TepHWlIl peXOMCH!lYeTCll BBell,Clme

peHnrnrOBofi CHCTCMI>l.

nporpa.'\fMa Y"e6110ro xypca paCC'ImaHB liB 242 'IDea, 8 TOM '1l1CJ1C 124 '1aCOB

ayl\.HTOpHhlX: 64 -lICKWtOIllIIolX, 60 - lIa60paropHloIx 3IlHfiIIA.

COllE}))KAHlfE YlfEEHoro MATEPIIAJlA I1PorPAMMbl

I. BBE.JlEIJUE

npe.l1MeT 3OOJlonltl It ee MeCTO a CI4CTeMe 6KOJlOlWfeeKHX lIa}'lC.

MIlOroOOpa:lHe :lKHIIblX CIlCTeM. CneU,lIlpliKa :lKHBOTHOrO TllflB OpI1lllIDlW,HH, ee

OTnINHe OT TImOB OPI1llIH'JlllVIH rpllOOB H paCTeHIlA. nOHlITHe 0 CHCTeMe )l(KBIolX

<!praHH3lo40B. HcroplNecKltA ()<JepK pa3BHTHlI 3OOJIOrlIH KaK HayKH.

II. lJ,APCTBO PROTISTA - llPOCTEOllHlE

1.1 HlIJtTHD Sarcodina (CapKoJJ.oBble). TKIl Rhizopoda, TKIl Foraminifera,

Till' Actinopoda. 06U1He nplOllllKK opnunoaLllIH capkOn,08IolX. Hapy>KllhlA II

BII)'T'pt11H1l1'i CKeneT If opr811l01lWUl KJleTKK 8 CBDK C RM HlI11 HHblM TImOM

TIlKoro CkeJIeTa. Pa:JnINHble BItJl,W nceBJlonO)lllA, HHhle MexaHIOMbI,

OOeclle'lHBaKlUllle nepe,ualllkellIle lUlerkH CapKOJlOBhlX. lllllillpepeHWUlllHlI

WfTOllIJll1MbI y caPKOJlOBhlX. P83MHO)l(eHHe H 6HOJIOnNecKIlC l.tI[JUlhl CapKOll,OBhlX.

ferepo$a:lHDe '1eptJl.OBaIlHC 1l0KOJlCliKA Y 4l0PaMHlllIcIlep. POnl. capkOll,OBhlX B

06pa308a11HH OClll10'lllhlX 1l0POLL nap83HTH'IeCkHe CapKOll,08hlC.

1.2 Hll,II;THIl Mastigophora (jKf)'THKOHOCl{bI). 0611{11e '1epTb1 OpntHKJaUHH

»ayrItKOHOCUC8. )I(rynlko8hlA anllapaT: OCllOBllhle CTJ'YKTYP"ble 3J1CMeKrW II

plI:)Hoo6pa3He CTpOCHKlII. YnbTp8CTpYJCTYPa, MOJlelC)'JlllpllhlA COCT88 H

61l0MeXllHHka pa60Tw JKryTHKll. P83I1006pUHC nOICpOBOB )l(!)"fHKOHOCUCB.

nWl'8Hlte )I(ryniKOHOCUCIl. 6ecnOJloe paJMHO)l(eHHc. KonYJllIUHR ra"'eT Kak ct>oPMa

nOJlOBOro npouecca iKI)'IllKOHOCUCB. fOJlOraMIIU, 100raMHaR, llH\t30raMHlllI

(reTeporaMllllJl) H OOraMHllJl KonyJllII.lHJl. KonoHHWlbHblC lKI'yrnKOIIOCUbl.

napll3lfTl1'1ecKHe )I(fylllkOIlOC!JJ>l. Boo6ylltrreJlH oone:lHeA '1eJlOBeKll H .llOMllWlIHX

)l(H90Tl1biX ("rpHnllHocoMbi. JleAWMllHl1H, J1JIM61n1H, TpHXOMOlIllJl.bl).

npeJJ.CTtI8Jlelllle 0 npHpo,WloA O'larollocnl TpaJlCMIICCHBHblX 3a6oneBaHlffi:. THnhl

JKJ'yTHICOHOCUeB C pacnrrenbllblM (Chlorophyta, Chrysomonada, Euglenozoa) II

JKHII(lTIIhlM TImOM 06MeHa (Choanonagellida, Kinctaplastida, Dipl0m0nadida,

Hypennastigida II.lI.p.). THn Aplcompltu (AIlHIo:O.\oIllJItlo:C'b1) BII.ll.Y nap83HT1OMlI

y Gregarinomorpha II Coccidiomorpha. AJIarrrawlll K napaJlffH'IecKoMy OOp83Y

lklOHII. Oco6eIlHOCTH CTpOeHHlI KJlerKH cnopOBHKOB. AffilKMbHhlA KONI11IeICC.

)KIOIJellllhle UHIUlIol cnopo9HKoB. PaJlfoo6paJlle )KII]HellllbiX UHkJlOB H lUlalrrtlUllII

B HX peMlOlIwm. PaJHoo(ip83He XOOlleB II pacnpocTJllllleHlle cnapoBHKoB.

CnopollHKH KaK B036YJllfTeJlH npOT030tiHblX 3a6oneBaHIlA '1eJ10BeKa It JKlIBOTIlbiX.

1.3 TH" Ciliophora (IIH+YlOPHH, ILI1H pccHH'IHble)Oco6eHllOCTH apraHKJaUHH KJlCTll:1I HH41y3OpHA: OCIiOBllbIe llpH3l1lU1ll Tllna.

Oco6emlOCTH CTpOCIIHlI nOKp080B KJlencH. neJlJlIIICYJllI II KOpTeICC. UHJIHll'T)'pa:

MOP41OljlYllKUHolIllJlblibie OCo6eIUloctH. CneUHWlH3llUIIJI IUl1IHll'T)'pbl H OCl1081lhle

HanpaBJIellHJl 3BODI01lI1Il peCHH'IHOro armapllTa Oco6eHHoctH nKraHHlI,

nlluteaapeHKlII, ocMoperyJlIIUHH HH41YJOPHA. CTpoelllle -.nepllOro llI1napaTB. IClUI

npHMep -.ncpHoro reTepOMop41HlMa TIJIOTIlCTOB. Oco6ellHOCT\l opramoaUlfH

rellCTH'IeclCoro MllTepHana B MKKpO- II MllKJ)()IIYKJIeycax. P83MH\))I(eHile H

KOHDK>rawUl IIH41y:JOpIlA. 6HonorH'IecKHA UHkJl HU41YJopIIA. Hu41y.wp1Ut ICIlK

B036YJl.lfTeJlH npOTOOOAHblX 3a6oneBaHliH pblG.

3KOllOrH'lCCKlllI PMHatI,ItJI npocTCnWHX. Allarrrawm K lUITHBHOMy lLBH>KeHlllO

B BOAC ()I(ryrmwIIOCUW), non:uunuo no llHY (CapKOD.OBwe) II tImOTlrpoBaHIIC

(rtIl8IlkTOllllblC ¢!oPMW). napllllmoM KaK npllCllocOOncHHC K mmUUilO 3a C'leT

n.pyrKX opraHIOMOB.

111. UAPCTBO ANIMALIA - MHOrOlUIETOqHhJE )K'UBOTHLlE,1U13lUlIE MHOrOKJIEToqHLlE "IlBYXCJIOttm.IE )K'lmOTHLIE

npCIltCX<»KD.CHHC MHorOKJIeTO'lllblX. "KOJlOHllIUlI>HhlC" TCOpHll

npoItCX<»KD.CHlUI MIlOrolClfe'TO'lHhlX. Oco6eIIllOCTH -reoPHH ¢larowrrenlll>l II

racrpell. TeopHJI lIJlO"CX<»KD.CHlUI MHOrOKlleTO'lHhlX OT HcnOllBIQt(IIh1X KOllOllltn

npOTIICTOB. TeopHJI LteJUJIOJUlPIDaWIII.

2, I "oHltapeTRO PbagMylcilozoa (HH1WHC MHOrmtJlCTO'lHhIC)

Tlln Placozoa (DJlaCTHH...TWc). Mop4loJlorHJI II YJlhTpaCTJIYlITYpa,

,/l,BH)I(eHHC, mIT8IUlC II plllMIIO)l(ClIlIC npeD.CnUlIITClICn nina. npllMlfTlIBHblC

nploHllKH B HX. C"fllOCHIIH. TpHX.OnnaKC KaK BO:JMOJKH8lI MOD.eJIh nepBblx :rranOB

lBOllIOWfH "lHorOKIleTO'lllhlX.

2.2 n~ltapCTBO Panlzoa (napalOa)

THn Spongia (ryCiJcK), 3KOJlOlWlecKlllI Xftp8KTepllCTlnca ~60K.

ACKOHOHJl,1l8ll, CIIKOIlOHD.1I8l1 Il JlCHKOIIOHJl,llllll opr8llmawlJl. fIlCTOJlOnl'lCCKlle

oco6eHllOCnt ~60K. OcHOBHblC T1mbl KIlCTOk II HX $YIlKWIH. 1l0T1(l111CBOA

xapaKT'ep opraHlDaWfIl KIleTO'lllblX llJIaCTQB ry60K. CKCJlCTllble 06PlllOB8H1IJIII - HX.

CTJ)OCIIHe, XHMH'lCCKHA COCTaB H ¢!oPMHPOSIUIHC. Pllllloo6p83HC cn0c060s

plllMHO)l(CIIHJI, OCo6ellHOCTH lM6pIIOlllUll>llOrO PaJBHTlIJI ~60K. KnaccbI

Calcispongia. Dcmospongia. Hyalospongia. Sdcrospongia.

2.3 nOD.ltapaBO [umdazoa (IiCTIIHHhlC MHOrOh':JICTO'lHhle)

nplOllaKlt opramoaWlII Ewnelazoa. 3mITCJlI08UItJl, IilrrcrpHpYlOllUIC

CI{CTeMbI, ,/l,It¢l¢lepel{W1Bll1tJ11 BllyrpeHI{Cn cpeJlW, PaHlIJUI cnCWlanmaWl1I

KIlCTO'lllbiX nnaCTOB. TK8HH H 3aPOJlWWCBblC JlIICTKII.

Oco6ellllOCTIl ypoBIUI OpralUOlll.l.H1I Radiala - Diploblastica.

2.3.1 THO Coclcnlcnlta (KHWC'IHOnOJlOCTHhlC). 3KOJlOntJI II

pacnpocTpallclIlle KilWe'lHOnOJlocntblx. 06w,lllI xapaiCTepllCntXa Opl'llllJt38WllI.

.llByCJJOnHOC'Th. PWlanbll<H:IIMMC1l'II'IHbln nnBIl crpoeHHlI Hero CUll> C

6110Jl0nlCn. Knero'lHhlA C0CT8.8 Tena KIIWC'lllonOJlOCTHbiX. 3nHJl,CpMa Ii

racrpclllcpNa. XapaxrePliCTIIK8 MeJorJlCIi. raCTJIanbll8ll nOJlOC'Th; cnocOOw

mrr8llHJI npeJl.CnUlllTenCn nma. Oco6eHIIOCTH crpoellHJl IICpSHOn CIICTeMW II

opnulOB 'lyBCTB. KHII.D.OM: pa:JIloo6p31~, ¢lYllKl.lIiOHHPOB8HHC, ¢IOpMHpoBlUlIIC H

ynbTpaCTJIYKT)'Pa CTpeKaTenbHWX KancyJl. CKCJleTlU>IC lJlCMClrrbl

KIlWC'lHOnOJlOCTHLlX: opr3lllf'lccKHIi H MHHeplUlbliblA, HapYJKllbll'i It BHYTPCIlHHl'I

CKeJleT. )I(KJHCHHblC ¢lopMbl MeJ.U'3bl I{ OOJlHna: CPIUlHKreJIbllbiA IUIWllIl. Cnoco6bl

p31MHO>KeHIUI KHWC'lllOnMOCTHWX. Oco6eHHOCTH ]M6pIIOHanblloro PlllBIlTIIJI.

MerareHeTH'IeCKIlA )l(l(]HCHllbin l.lIiKIl KHWC'lHonOJlOCT1lwx. KOJiOIiHlUll>llOCTb

KIIWC'lHOnOJlOCTflWX. rhrrerpaulUl KOJlOIIIIA II ,/l,It¢l4lepeIlWIBWIJI oco6en B

KMOHIt.lX. KiJacc:w Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa. Cubozoa, Anthozoa.

2.3.2 THO Clcnophora (rpct'iHCBHli:H). Oco6eHHOCnt CItMMC'JPHII, BIICWllCH

Mop$onorHII II Bllyrpellilcro crpoellllJl. 3M6pllouanbliOC p83BlfTliA rpe6HCBIfKOS H

BOIIpoc 0 ¢IOpMHpOB3H1lH MC30.n,CpMW. 3KOJlorl{'lCCKllJl xapllKTepHCTllK8

rpe6HCBHKOB.

IV. .llBYCTOPOHHE CI~L'fETPIIl{HblE>KIIBOTHldE-BlLATERALlA. llEPBlflfHOPOThlE - PROTOSTOMIA

KnIO'lCBblC IIplOHiUm, IomoI'006pa:lHC MaHOB crpoeHlIJi II OCo6eHHOC111

Proloslom". TIlkCOHOMH'"leckoe pa311006paJlle nepBII'lHopoTbIlI:.

3.1 Til" Plath~lmi"thn (D-"OCK1l~ "I~PBH). 061lW x3paKTepllCTHXa Tllna.

nBpeHXIlMa: ee C"Jl)OeHIlC II ¢lYHKWiH. OcHOBHWC KOMnOHelfTW K())KHQ­

MYCK}'Jll>lIOro MeWKB. 06I1UlC oco6eHHOC111 muueB8pHTCJlbllOii CIICTeMW.

Ym"pllCTpYICT)'p3 II ¢lYHXWiH np<YTOllc¢lpK!lHCB; oco6eHHOC!II crpoeHIUI

IlWJl.e.mffCJIbIlOA CHCTeMW. HepBIl811 CHCTeMa H KOIIUCrtUIUI oprorollB.

3KOllOrM'lecKoe paJHoo6paJlle rpynnbl.

3.1.1 KrIBCC Turbdlnia. PaJlloo6paJHe CTpOeHHll nOKpOBoB. nOKpOBbl

Acoellil If pB3JlIl'"lHble BHllbl lnHTeJllie8 8 ll,pyrKX rpynnax ryp6eJuurpItA.

Pn6)l)tTHbie )l(CJIe3bl. 3H3'"leHHC KO:lKHQ-MyCK}'JlbHoro MCWKa B kOIlCTPYKTIlBIIOA

opraHlOaJ..IHIl ryp6eJIJUIpHit Pa:lHoo6p,l'ure MblWe'"lllbiX l.l1eMeHTOB. PB38HTHe

napeHXIlMbl. CTpoeHIlC nHlUcBapwreJlbllOA CIICTeMW B pB3JlH'"lIlWlI: rpynnax

ryp6eJlJUlpIlA. Tell,LlCHWIH K YCJIO)l(lleHHIO llepBHoA CHCTeMbl BHyrpll K./lacca II

opraHbI 'ly8CTB ryp6enn.llpHI1. Cnoco6bl Pa3MHO)l(CIIHJI H paJBlfl'lle ryp6e.ruurpHA.

3.1.2 rpynna K./l3CCOB Nrodcrml.ta. npeAllOCbUlkH nepcll:OAB K

nap33HTINeCKoMY 06pa3Y )I(K31ll1 Y IIJ]OCKHX '"lep8eA. BMW napa3lfTK3Ma. 3K'TQ- II

lllllonapa3HTK3M y MHOrOKJIeTO'lHWX )I(Il8OTHblll: KaK ocBoeHlle cneulI¢llI'leCKIIX

1fQ8WX MHXp06IlOTOnoB. KOllrtelTWlJl rtepKoMepa: oco6eHHOCTIl crpoeH11JI

rtepKoMepa Ii IlaJIli'llle ero Y pa3HWX rpynn. KrIacc: Monogenoidu. KJIICC

Cntoda. 3KOllolWlecKIle II Moplf!ollolWlecKlle OCo6ellHOcrn l\ecroA.

EllOnorlf'l.CCKIIC llJIK1ThI rtecrOLl - BaJKHeAwHX napa3IfT08 '"leJ10BeK8 II AOMawllllX

lfGl80mwx. K.'1acc Trematodl. 3KOllOrll'"leCKHC II Moplj!onOrH'lCCKIIC

OCo6eHHOCTIf TpeMaroA. Pa3Hoo6pa:JHe MecToo(iHTaHHR Il Kpyr X03.1leB. Cn())KIlblH

61fOJ1onf'lCClOlA llHKJI TpeMaroll

3.2 rpyona THOOB Nemathelminthes (nep8H .. HonMoCTHble, HJIH Il:pyl"-"w~

..ep8B). Oco6eHHOCTIt opramoawm nOKpOBOB TeJ1a: clllnumlA II KyruKyna.

KOlKHQ-~YCK}'JlbHhlnMeWOk: C8113b MYCK}'JlbHblX K./leTOK C K)'fltKyJloA II xapaKTCp

llHHepBal.lHII M)'cK}'Jla1)'pw. nonocn. TC1Ia HCNaroLl - CXIOOl\eJ!b. CTpoeIlIlC II

tPYHKl\HM nOJlOCTH TC.IIa. XapaXTqmCTHKH 3M6pIlOllaJIbHOro pa3BKI1IJI.

nOCTO.IlHmlIO MeTO'lHOro COCTua.

l.2.1 THn Nemltoda (UeMaTOJlbl). ¢IopMa TeJ1a HeM8TOll PacnpocrpaHCHHC,

3KOJ1orH'IeCkWI fUlllC111'lHocn.. TlUlbI MecToo6m1lHHn HeM8TOJl BlUkMeAwllc

BO"l6y,lllfTCJlH 3860neBaHJdi '1e.nOBelC3 H AOMIWllDlX )I(IIBQTHblX: 6110J!0fWlccKHe

WIK./lbl II 83aIlMO!leAmlIllJI C OPraHK3MOM XOO.llItHa.

3.2.2 TKn Rotatoria (KOJIOBpITIOK). PaClTpOCTpaHeHlle kOl108p8TOK H IlX

3KOJ10lWleCKIl.e oco6eHHOCTH. Opf'aHH3aU.IUI TC.IIa; KOJlOBpallUlTeJibHbln 8Ilnap8T H

ero lj!YIIKl\Hlf. nOJlo8oA L\IlMOJ>It>lOM Ii reTeporollHJI. UHIUIOMop$oo Kax

OlpaJKeHHe IIpllcnoco6.neliHA K CMelie TeMneparypltWX pelKHMOB.

Mop$ooKonOnl'"lCCKlle OCo6eHHOCTH KOJlOBparoK (ClIlI3b co Cnoco6a\l1l

JlBll)I(CIIHJI, OOpa308allHc 3B11.lKTJtblX npllcnoc06nellltA II LIP.).

3.3 THO Mollusca (MOJIJIIOUK). TllKCOHOMIl'lCCKoe pa:moo6pll3l1e.

paCJTPOCTPaneHlfe npeACTllBlfTeJleR. Oc8oeHlle Pa3Hoo6p83HWX cpeLl 06m1lHHJI

KaK pe3YJlbTaT lIJUlIITHBIIOA paLl.llBwm MOJUIJOCK08. 3KOllOrM'lecK811 PaLl.ll8WIJI

MOJlJlJOCK08 8 npol\Cccax nHTaHHll (lj!HJIbll'8U,H.Il, nOrJlOlUCHlIC HJIa,

paCTlITeJlbIlO'lLU!OCTb, XHIWIWlecrBO). 3auurrltble npHcnoc06neIlU.l,

MaJlaKOTOKCllHbI.

3.3.1 nCUlT"nbl Amphineura " Conc:hifen. OClloBHble nplOlt8kH

npeJJ.CTaIIKTClleA OOJ{TlfJloa. KnaccbI Polypluopbonll, Monopllc:ophora.

Oco6eHHOCTJt opraHKJall.HH, paCrrpocTpBHelll1ll II 3kOJlOrKH. np06ncMll

MeTllMepllll II nmOTe3b1 0 l!lIIJlOrelleTll'leckllx CBD"X MOJUllOCkOB.

3.3.2 KnUC:b1 Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, Bivalvia. nm<poBbi TeJla MlliITHX.

$opMHpOB811I1e, COCTaII paKOBHllbl II ee ¢IYllkltHH. PaJlloo6p83l1e c;rpoeHHll II nym

300nlOUHOllllbiX npe06plDOB8HHA pakOBHH MOJIJIlOCkOB. M81mlAllwA kOMnnekC

Opr8HOB: COCTaB, 3Ha'leHlle, ¢IYHkWUl y npeHCTaBlITeJJCn Pll3Jlll'lllbiX KtI11CCOB

MOJl!llOCkOB. [ftnOTe3bl, 06bJrCHJlIOIl.l,lle ropcHIO y raCTponOH. Crpoelllle

paHynaplloro annapaTa. P83I1006pa:mc cnoco6oB )l,WXlUll1Jl II oprallw,

06ecDe'lHlWOIl.l,HC nooo6MCM. Qco6eHHoenJ. CIJ)OCHHlI I.lCJIOMa MOJlJllOCkOB II ero

¢IYHKUHII. RWlHHO'IHble crBJt}t1l II MeTll.\lop$oo.

3.4 THn Annelida (KOJJb'laTble 'lepBH). COCT8B Te.na aHHeJ1ltJ1.

CCrMelITawu: nplOllaKlI roMoHOMHOn It rerepollOMItOn ce~eHTa1D1II B

pll3JlII'lHWX rpynnax llIUIeJ1H,l1,. nOJ1lfMeplOaUWI II OllllroMeplOll.I1lU kBk O)l,IIH 10

06l11HX lllKOIlOB 3BOnlOUHOHllblX npeOOp83oRallllA. MeTaMepHJII H UeJlOM.

c()0pMllpoaBHllc MeTaMepllH B 3M6pllOHaJlbliOM p83BlITIIII. P83I1006pB3lte It

3KOllOnl'leCKBlI X8PllKTepHCTlUClI K01Ib'lllTWX 'lepael'i. A):{arrrIlBIIBlI pMHll.I1lU II

MaxpocltCTeMS TitUS. nOHllTliC 0 CCrNemax TeJ1a Ii MeTaMepHii.

3.4.1 nO)l,11," Aditelliti. Oco6emtocm CTp<!E:H11l1 CerMClITOB. KOlle'lltOCTII II

npHJtlJ'l'lltM TeJlB. napanoll.lI11 nonliXeT II peJl.YKlllU kOlle'lHOCTen y OJlllroXeT II

",llIaOK. nOJqlOBbi Tella, kOlKIlO-MYCKYlIbllbiR MewoK II onopllBllljlyllkWiJll.lelloMa

flnall c;rpoeHJUI KpOBeHOCHOA CItCTeMW. MeTaHe¢lPIlJtHH II Ue.nOMOAYKTbI.

HepBII'8lI CIlCTeMB II OPraHbl '1yBCTB. CBlI3b opnrnoB nonOBoR CIICTeMbl C

UeJIOMlI"ICCKOK n01lOCThIO. fOH8,D.bl1l cnoco6w palMHOlKCIIHJllUlHeJllUL

3.4.2 nOllT"n CliteUata. Cy6cnlT}'WU1 ljlyHKWIH KpoBelloclloll CIICTeMbi

l.lenOMOM y mtllBOK. nBpallfTH3M. 3M6pltOllaJIblloe PaJBIfT1l.C aHHenlUL

Oco6eHHOCTII CllllPaJIblloro .npOOneHKll. Ten06I1RCTH'ICCKBlI 3ll1Ul8JlK8 Mt:3OllepMW.

TeoPKll nepBII'IHoll reTepollOMHOCTH apTHKyJ1RT - onpeJl,ClIeHHe lIapBallbllblX II

nocTnapBaJlbHblX CCrMeIITOB. EllolloTlf'lectrne WtKltbl aHHeJJHIl,. .QO)Kll,e8ble 'lepBlt

KaK ItJIJlIlkaT0PbI nO'laCHHblX YCJTOBuA. )f(II'lHeHHble ljlOPMbl KOllb'lCI.lOB

(3nH6110trrn, polOwue ItlfIlJa61101ITbI, ne.nooHOlITbl II HCnO)l,BmKHWe

6eHToOOOlITbl).

loS T.n Arthropoda (tLneIlKcroHOrltt). PBcnpoCTpaueulle 'IJIellllCTOllOrllX II

ocBoellue IfMH p83JIIJ'lHblX cpen 061rrlUl1Ul. TllKCOHOMH'IecKCle p83ltoo6palHe H

pollb 'IJIeHHCTOHOntX B 6110I.leH03BX. 061W1c npH3l1aKll KOHCTpyKTHBHOR

opnuUt38UHH THna rerepollONHOCT1> ccrMelITlUI,HH II TarMII3BWlJl. lJneHHCTble

KOUC'lHOCTII, )l,BmKeHHC 'IJICHHCTOHOntX II nOIlH¢lYIIKUHOHaJlbHOCT1> KOHf<lHOCTeil.

3K3OCKeJleT: 06W1te npHHUHnbl CTpOeHHll IC)'THK}'lIbl, COO'TlIoweUHC cKlleplITOB B

cerMcme Tena, 06ecnc'Ielllte Me)KCerMemlloA n01l.8tOkHOCTII. MCXlUllOM lIlIHbkll.

Oco6eHHOCTH nOJlOCTH TCJIB, CTp<!E:lllle KpOBeHocHol1 CIICTCMbl. Bonpoc 0

roMOllorHH CCrMelITlIl{HII 'IJIeUUCToltorHX II lUlHeJllUL CMCTeMll B3aHMOCBJl3lU{ltblX

ll1l.arnau.Hll 'IJIellIlCTOllorHX K cyxonyrnOMy 06p83Y )KH3HlI.

3.5.1 nonKn Trilobilomorpha. KnICC Trilobita. BpeM.II cYWe<:l"BOa3HIl.II

rpymlbl - llancolfro.nOl'H'ICCKlte 118Hllwe. npIIMIITIIBUble '1epTb1 B opraHloau.u1l

TPItJl06llTo8. Oco6eHHOCTlI Taf"MJ.I3llllHH. KOItC'IllOCTH TPItJl06,rroB.

3.5.2 DOllTHn Chelicerata. Oco6ellllOCTIl Tan.m'J8Ulllt npellcTaJHlTeJleA

IlOllnma. KnatC Xiphosura. OCo6eHHOCTH CTpOCIIIUI Te.na. TllrMKla1UUI II

JlH$$epeHUH8WUI kOHe<UIOCTelt PM8l1THC II pac1lpOC1'paJicHHe npellCTllBKTeJleR

1UI1lCCa.. nplllUIDJUlbiC acncKTbI HCnOJlb3083H1IJI MC'lCXBOCTOB. Knacc Arachnida.

PacrtpOC'TJ)IDfCtntC naykoo6pa:lHblx II pa:JIl006pll:lHC IIX Mecroo6l1TIlHHfi.

Ocl1081lblC 'lepTbi Tal"MH3a1lH1l nayxoo6pl13l1b1x: 06lU\tc 'lePTbI II pa:JIl006pl13l1c

CCrMCtIT8plloro COCTaJIa B p83JlK"lHblX 'lIynnax. A,nartTaJJ.»1I naykoo6pMHblx K

CYXOnyrnOMY 06paJy :lKII3HH. Ooo6eIDIOCTIl nOKpOB08, llbl~JlhIlOn,

Bbl,!lCJlllTeJlMIOA CUCTeM. Oco6eHHOCTII CTpOCHIIJI lIcHTpaJIl:>HoA llep8110A ClICTeMbI

II pMlloo6pa:mc opralloB 'lyBCTB. nayTlfllllblc lKCJle3b1 naYko8:

MOp$OIjlYHKUHOHaJlI:>HblC oco6eHHOCTII II 3HB'lCHlIC. 3kOJlorH'lCCKID! panmulJul

n8YKoo6pa:JHblX, C8Il3aJIH811 C HMIl'lltCM nayrHHbI. Tpo4lll'lCCKl1C rpYllnw

kJlcll\cli. npaKTll'lCCkOC ]HB'lCllltC naykoo6pa3llblx: ll,AOBKTbIC naYkoo6pl13Hblc,

napll3l1Tb1 H nepeHOC'lIlKH Boo6YllKTeJlcA 6oJle3HeA 'lCJlOBCKa 1I AOMlllllHliX

lKHBOTIIblX.

3.5.3 HCCIICTCMBTIl'lCCK811 rpynna Mandibulata. COCTaB Ii OCHOBllHJUl AIIl1

BI:>lI1CJlCHIIJI rpynnbl. nOAnn Branchiata. Knacc Crustacea. CpeAB 06H11lH1IJI

paKoo6pmHblX, 3KOllOnt.ll II pacnpocrpallcHllc. OcHOBIiWC 'lepn.i TllrMK38U.H1I

paxoo6pa:JIlblx: 06lU\tc 'lcPTw Il pMlloo6pa:mc CCrMCtIT8pHOro COCTaJI8 B

paJJlH'lHblX rpynnax. ,[lJlcIl4lePeIlUHllll,lUI II cIlYIIKllIIOllaJll:>HalI cnewtallKla1UUl

KQHC'lHOCTeli pllkoo6P83"WX, CtpoeHtlC nOKpoBoB: mnoAepM8 II ICYTltkyna.

Oco6eHHOCTII 3llBTONIIII paKoo6paJHblX. Pa:JMIIOJKCIIIIC, pa381fT11C H

61lOJlOrwll:cKllc UHJUlbi. Mern....op4loo pllkoo6plOHWX. POJlI:> paKoo6plOllbiX B

61101lcHOOax H IIX npBkTlt'lCCkOC ]IlB'lCHJlC. Aaarrr8UI1II K naplOHTII3My y

paKoo6pl1311blX.

3.5.4 DOllnn Antennata (=Tracheata). AaaITntBIIlIlI p8JUlBUWI B npeACJlllX

nO}ll1lna. Cpe.nw 06l1T8ll1U1 npellCTaBKrelleA nO}ll1lna H IIX "TllKCOHOMlI'lCCkOC

pl13l1006pl13ltc. 06ll\lIc oco6eHHOCTII CCrMCtIT8PIIOro COCTua TCJla: x3paKTCp

Tal"MIOaWlII TpaxCAHOll,blWIlll/JIX. MOP4KHPYHklDIOHtuJI:>HalI xapalCTepltCTllKa

-rpaxCAHOA CIICTCMI>I.

3.5.4.1 HallloUlacc Myriapoda. XaplUCTepllwc Mecroo6l1T8HlI1l II

p3C1lpOCTp8HCIIIIC. Oco6emlOCTM CCnlCllTllUllll TlpCACT1lBHTeJlclt p8'lllblX 'lIynn

MItOroHOlKCK. AHlITOMH'lCCKUe OCo6eHHOCTH MHOroHOJKCk. 0c06e1lH0C'nt

Bl>Il1emrren:I:>Holt II ll,blxBTeJll:>I/oA CIICTeM KllK npllMep rJlyOOKIIX aaamawtA k

cyxonyrHOMy 06pa3y JKKIIIH. 3aIl.{l1TllblC npHclToc06JlCHII1l.

3.5.4.2 Ha;J.ltIIlI('c Insecta (EHuapoda). TakCOllOMlI'lCCkOC paJHoo6pa31tC II

paJH006plOl-IC cpcn OOIITaJULII. OcliOSIIWC OTpllllbl. nCpSII'lllo6ecKpwnwc \I

KpWlBTWC H8CCKOMWC. BHCWlI1lll Mopcjlonorllll. Oco6eHHOCTII TarMlO8UIlII

H8Ctk1')Mi>lX. J],H¢l4tepeHItll3U,lLll KOIIC'lHOCTeA. HJMCHCllllC POTOBblX annap8TOB

ItaCC:KOMWX KllK npHMep 3kOnOrtl'lCCKOA pa.1lIlawUl, noollOJlllBwcA HBCCkOMblM

OCBOm1> Bee BllJlbI nmull. KPWlbli H I-IX TIpOHCXOJK1I,CIIHC. MyckyJlarypa II pa60Ta

KpblJlOBOro arrnapam. AHBTOMII'lCCklle OCOOeHHOCTII HaCCKOMblX. MoJXlio­

cIlYIlKUHOllMl:>lIi>1C oco6ellHOCTH, 06ecnC'!HBwlle KOMIUlCKC npllcnoco6JJcHIlA K

cyxonyrHoMy 06pl13Y lKlOlIH. CrlKteHJIC HepBHOA CHCTCMbI \I pa:moo6plOllC

OpraHOB 'lyBCTB. nonOBU ClICTeMall Cn0c06lo1.Pll3MHO"lkeHILII. 3M6pltOllaJll:>IIOC

p3'3BIfflIC HacCkOMWX. MCTllMOp¢loo Y lIacCKOMbiX. IiHOllorll'lCCKOC Jlla'lCIIIIC

MCTIlMopcllooa. 06ll\CCTBCIIIII:>IC H8CCKOMWC. 31la'lCHHe HaCCXOMblX.

V. BTOPUlIHOPOThlE - DEUTEROSTOMIA

KrllO'lellbie nplOHllKH, MHOr006pa:me 111Ia110B CTpOCHHJI It oco6emlOCTII

Deutoroslomia. TllKCOHO~lHqCCKoepalH006p83He llTOpWIltOpoTWx.

4.1 KnIO'ICShie npllJUaKIl Till! Echinodennata (IIrno,,:oJlllle). 06lll3l1XapllKTepHCTHk8 Tlma K....cchl Asteroidea, Echinoidea, Ophiuroidta,

Hololhuroidta, Crinoidea, Concentricycloldca. OCIlo8Hble rpynnw ItCKOnaeNWX

H pettelITllhfX KrJlOKOlKHX. PM.HaJllolI<1'l CHMMeTJll1ll II nmQTe3ll 0 eenpmtcX())l(,llelDUI y KrJlOKO)l(HX. CpaaHlrTeJlIoH<1'I XllpaJCTePHCTMK8 IIJ18HOB

crpoellMJI npe.ll.CTaIllfre1leA PlDJlH'IIIWX KIlaccoB KrJlOKOlKHX. nOKpoBW TeJlll:

KO)l(UbiC )l(a6plol., neJIHL\eJtlIllpHH, 3T!meJlIIA, ,llCpMIIC, CKeJlenU>lC :)JlCMeIITW.

Oco6ellHOCTII CTpOCHHil CKCJleT8 Y npe,llCT8BmeJlcA PaJlIWX rpynn IlrnOKOlKIIX.

AIIC)ljicpelllJ.HaLl,HJI UeJlOMK'lCCKOA nonOCT11. AM6ymu(paJIbHll.II CIICTCMa, cc

npoI1CX())l(,llClilIC It ljiyHKWlH B PaJIIWX KJl8CC3X HrJlOKOlKllX. OCo6ellilOCTlt

llHflTOMHH. 3M6pHOll8JTbHoe pllJBHTIle. OCllOIIHble JlK'lIllIO'lllbie lflopMbI II

MCTIlMOPIjioo IIrJlOKOJKHX. npoMblCJlOBWe IIrJlOKOiKlle.

4.1: Tllo lIemichordall (rUIIlXOpltOBhlt). OcllOBHwe OCOOcHIiOCTIt

opraHKJaUHH. tJ:eJleHHC TeJ1a IIll OTAeJlbl. K())KH().NyCIC)'JlbllwA MCWOK. nonOCTb

TeJla. nmlleBaplfre1lbllll.ll, JI.bIXlITC/lbllll.ll It KpoBellOCllaA CHCreMIoI. HepBII8lI

CltCTCMll. nOJlOB8lI CIICTCMa, PaJMllolKclllle 11 pllJlurrue. f1tn0Te3W

npoHcxOJKllelDUl XOpllOBWX )l(1l11OTHblX.

4.3 TMo Cbordata (XopJ::toBhle). OclloBlibie TeOplll1 npoHCXO)l(lle1DUl

XOP,llOBblX: TtOpw: rapcraHra, TeopWl CCllepL\OIla. BOOMO)l(HloIe npeJUm XOPJ::tOllbiX

)l(ItIlomlolX, HX OOplD )KIt']HH.

4.3.1 HIOWlte XopJ::tOBwe. UOltTHn Ctphllochordlta (rOJlOBOXOPJlOBble).

Oco6eHItOCTH opraHiollWm roJIOBOXOPllOBWX K8X rrpelll1onaracMoA ncpcxoJIHoil

4loPMW MC*.AY nptAKaMH nOlBOHO'lllhfX )l(ltB(JrHbIX II nOOBOH()'1HblMII.

Oco6eltltOCTll PaJBIITIIJI II 3KonOliiH Jl8HL\tTHHKOB. nOltTIII11 Tunicata IlJlIl

Urochordal. (06oJJO"lII""). Oco6eIlHOCTIl Mop$onorllll II llHaTOMltlt

o6oJlO'lIlIlKOB. Cnel.l,llljillKa paJMHO)l(eHIIlI It pa3BKTlIll; IlBJIeHHe perpecClt8110ro

f>leTa.....opcjlooa. CnCl.l,IlljillKB 6HonorllH II lKOJlOrll1l OOon(l"lHHKOB K8X Marrrall,IUI J(

llpeHMYW.fCIlIeHHO CH,lI.lI'IeMy 06paJY lKIOilH. Knacclol Ascidille, Pyrosomida,

Desmomyarill, Doliolida, Appendicularia.4.3.1: nOllnen Vertebrata (D03801l0"lKble UJiM lJepenHl>lt). 06wllil

npmll.l,llll oprllHlOllUHH nOOBOIIO'lllbiX. UH4!paTHn Agnathl (5ec'tf.'1KK:THhle).

06wu X8P8XTepIlCTMKll KJlacca C)'dostomaill. (KpyrJlopoThle). Oco6eHHOCTII

pacnpoctpaHellHll, ~KOJlonut ITHTaHHII. II PaJMIIOJKCIIHJI. 4cpTbI npHMlfTlIllllOCTlI,

cnCl.l,IlaJllOallllH II cneWlIjiH'ICCKlle '1epTloI, CBJl.JllIIHble C napaJHTH'ICCKIIM 06paJOM

)l(\IJIIH

4.3.3 UHtpaTIlln Gnatbostomata (lIulOCTHopoTl>le). Oco6ellllOCTII

oprwuOllWlII II lBOJlIOWlH rpynnbl. Ha,lUUIICC Pisces (Phlfihl). 06utHc '1CPTbi

opram03l.l,1IH K cpelle 06HTl1JIHII.. Knacc Placodermi (U.HltHPHhlC pl>lfibl).

OCo6cllHOCTH crpoellllJl. nllHL\IlpHWX pbl6 K8X lIall6o.nee npHMHTHBllbiX

'lCJIIOCTHOpoTbiX. KJlacc Chondrichthyes (Xpllweahle phl6b1). 06wll.ll

XapaxTepllCTMkll 1Ul8cca: nOIqlOBbI, CKeJleT (MOOroBOA H BHcuepanloHblA '1epen,

CKeJlCT "OJI.ooB II Cll<l6011llblX KOIlC"lHOCTCA), nlllllellapHTtJIlol18ll CIICTCMa,

,!1b1X3TCJ1bHaJI. CHCTCMa, KpOBeliOCHlllI CHCTeMa, BbllleJIHTtJIIoHU H pelTpoJ1YlITHlllIlllI

CHCTeMll, lIepBllllll CIICTCMa II OPraHbI '1yBCTll.

4.3.4 Knatc Ostcitbthyts (KonHblC pbl6bl). 06wl1ll xapaKTepHCTIIKa

K.118CCa, nporpecclIBHble '1epTL1, nOOBOJIIIBWIIC OCBOIITb KOCTllblM p1ol6a.",

6oJlblUI11lCT80 80.n.oeMOB 3eM1lH. nO.llK1lDCC JIy'lenepble, Ha.n.OTpIUl rIlHOK,ll,llblC.

H3JI,0Tp.ll.n. KOCTHCTbIe pbl6b1. nO.llK1lacc JIonaCTenepble. H3JI,0Tp.ll,ll,

)J,ltO.llKo.n.bIlUllUtHe: paClTpOCTI)llHCllltC (OKCIlHII'lecK8lI lllO'bIOHJUlllll). Oco6eHHOCTH

6110JlOnlll .n.BO.llKOlJ.blW3J.IlItX pblG. H3JI,0Tp1ll KHCTenepble. Pbl6w Mopcklle II

npecHOBOA\fble, pe04UiJlbHblC II nllMllo4IHilbltblC, octJlJlblC, rtpOXOA\fblC II

lIonynpoxoJtIlWC, TepNo4IIiIlbltblC II Kpllo¢lwlbllblC, OKCHljlHJIbHblC II OkCH$06I1b1C.

3Jconont'lccKlle rpynnbl pbl6 no TIIllY nlfTBIIHll Ii cnoco6aM Jt06b1Bll11HJ1 KQpNa.

KIICTentpble H .LlaollK01lblw3!Ulle pbl6b1 KaK ltOOMO)I(HbiC npC!l.KOBblC tfIopMbI

a.",ljlI16I1A.

4.3.5 XapllKTepHcrnK8 Kll.lI~acU Tetrapoda (lIeTBcpo"orHc) - I18:)CNHblX

I1O'.lBOIIO'lllLlX. Knaee Ampbibia (AM+H6HH). 06Ul8l1 xapatrrepllCTItXa lUIacca It

3Jl,arnut.lHH K OCBOCHHIO H83CMIIQ-BOO.n.ymIlOA cpettbl: nOKpOBbi (kO)Kllbie )l(eJle3b1),

CKeJleT (.n.llJIbHCnWl1ll DJlljl¢lepe1ll.l,l18lUlll nOlBOHO'lIiOro CTOJIGa),

nllW;CBUpmeJlbHWI CHCTeMa, 1l,bIX8TCJ!bHlLl CIICTeMa (HanleTaTeJlbltbln MeXaJllOM

AbIxaHHll), Kp08ellocll1Ul CHCTeMa (aprePliallbllblK KOHyC, Cnllpa1tbHblli 1U181l8H II

MexaHlOM pel1'JUlLl,lUl TOKa Kpo8H), 8b1JteJlKTenbHaJ: CHCTeM8, HepBIlaJ: CHCTeMa II

QpraHbl 'lYBCTB. P83MIIO)l(Clllle II MeTa••lOpljlOl, OcllOBllble T3XCOIlOMIt'ICCKIfC

rpynnw Il npe.n.CT8BlffeJIII, OC06elllIOCTH CTpOCHlIlI, 3konorHll OImlHKlI II

pau,lIlOlI(eHiIJ.. 3atu.lITllbie rrpllcnoc06nCHIIJI. 51BncHllc HearCH"H, HXl1IOCTerH.ll.bl.

Oco6eIlHOCTIt OPI'8HKlat.um HXTHOCTerllJl H "pOl-OOUIClWlIIC OT HIIX OCHOBllblC

0Tp1lllbl 3CMIIOBOJUtblX. CTeroueljlanbl - IJWleo:!oAcKlle Il.Mljl1l61t11. Oco6eHHOC1li

CI'pOCHIllI.

4.3.6 Knaef: Reptilia (PCOTIlJUI.). AHllMlllIlI II llMHIIOT!>l. PCrTrlUlHH KaK

nCJ)Bblc 8N1IIIOTH'ICCKlIC )l(HBOTIIbIe. <IIltItoreHIIJ. perrrlillHK. KOTIUIOlaapbl.

AHarTCH,AbI. A\fancHJI.bI H CHHlII1CIIJI.W. BblMCPlUlIC rpynnw perrrlillHIi: llllHooaBpbI

(51WCpoT830BblC H nTIIllCTaJOSblC; 3aypolloJlbl, CTcr0388pw, AIIIOInooa8pbl,

UepoTOnCbI, TeponoAbI, OpHlITOnoJlbl II JqI.). 11xnt00000pw, nnc:mooaapbl

(I1.ne3H0388Pbl H l1.nuOlaBpbl), nrepo3ll8pw (PllMtfIopHHXIl H nrepo.n.aKTHJIH),

fHl1O'fC'lbl BblMllpaHlI1I pCIlTIIJ1Hn. AJIaJlTl1UltH permutHA K HaJeMHD-II03JtY1llHOlt

cpe.ne: nOKpOBbI, eKCJTeT, TUtlUCSOPlfT'CJlbllWl CHcre~O (3lI8HCHMOCTIo OT xaplUITCPo

IJ()TPC6J1l1CMOlt IJIIUlH), D.b/XaTCnblIWl CIICTCM8, KpoBCHOCHaJI CIICTCMa,

SWJlCJIHTCJlbllWl H penpo"'.)'KTlIBHaJI CUCTCMa, llep8HaJI CHCTeNa H OPI'llHW '1yBCTB.

OcH()BHWC T'llKCOHOMIt'ICCKHC rpynlJbI H npe.ncraalfTeHH, oco6eHHOCTIt CTpOCHlUI,

3KOnOOlJ. nllTllHlUI H pa3WIIO'JKCHWI.

4.3,7 KJratc A,·ts (nTH Ubi). <IIll1IOreHCTII'IeCKOC JtPCBO rrrHI.t. nanCorH8TbI' H

lleornllTbi. ApXeorrrepHKCbI Il 3118H1,U10p1tllCW - T)'IDIKOBlUI BeTSb 3ijOIlJOI,U1H,

«PcrrrlillbllblC)1 Il «rrrlt'lbll» rrplOll8KH apxeorrrepHKC8. TeoPlI1l npollCXOlKJlCHIIlI

rTrlllL 06ulaJI xaplllITCpHlm!Ka lUtacca: IlOKpOBbl. CKeHCT (oco6eIlHOCTIi crpoelilUl

CKCJICTa nepe)l,Hltx H lIK>Kl1I1X KOHC'lHocreA). mtUlCaaplfTeJlbllWl CIICTCMa,

JlblX8TCJ!bllaJI CIlCTCMa (McxalllOM llbIX8HIUI), KpOBeHOCH8lI CIICTCMa (nonlloc

P81J1eJlCHHe aprCpHatTbHOro H f1CIlOOHOro TOKa KpOBH). SbIJleJlIITCJlbH3lI CHCTCMa,

IICJ)SII8lI CHCTCMa H oprlUlbi qyBCTB. nplfcnoco6nCHHlI rrrnu k nOJleTy:

Mop4IOnOrll'lCCKHC It ljllOllonOrll'lCCKlle. np06J1CMB CHIf)l(CHIUI none'tHoro Beca..

CoBpeMCHHlIlI CHCTCMa 1Ut8CCa rrrHl\.

4.3.8 Knaef: Mammalia (MncKOnHTafOllCHe). npOIICXOlKllCllIIC

M1IeKOntrralOWitx OT 38cponoll06Hblx perrrlilllitt. 3Bep03y6b1c pCrrrHJUlH -

WtltOJlOlITbi. rpynnbl: MOprallYKOllOtrnl/lbl 11 KyHeOTepmUlbI. ¢lfl1l0reHIUl rpynn.

SlitLlcKllan:yumc MJlCKomlT8lOUUtC. BOOHHKHOBCHHC CyM'laTbiX H IlJl.au.CHT8pHblX

/It1ICkOmrrllJOlUitX. 06w8Jl xapaxrepllCfllkB Kllacca: nOkpOBbl, CkeJICT,

nHlllCBaplfTeJlbH8Jl CHCTCMa (:JallHCHMocn. OT xap3lCTCpa narpooJLllcMoA mmu().JlblX8TeJlbHBfI CHCTCMa, KpOBCIlOCH8Jl CHCTCMa, BblJleJllfre!lbll8Jl It pCnpoJIYKTHBH3lII

CIlCTeMa, HepSHllll CIlCTCMa H OPraHbI 'lySC'TB. Oco6eHHOCTIt P33MHC»KCHItJl

MJ1CKOnHTlliOlU,KX. CTpoeHlte H QlYHKWlIf nnaueHTbl. COBpeMellH3lI CltCTeMa

KJlItCCa MneKonKT1lK)Ul,KX.

VI. OCHOBHldE 3TAnbl" lAKOHOMEPHDcrIl3BOJilOllUJI )l{UBOTHLIX

OellOBHblC nlllleoXpoHOJlOnNe(:KHC nanbl 3BOJllOWlH )I(ltBOTHblX, KnIO'lCBblC

apoMOPQl03b1 )l(HBOTHblX, TaKCOHbI C lllllpoKOA an:BJTTHBHOA P3J1HatUICIt., rpynIl.bl,

BcrymtSWlte Ita nyn. CnCWtIllIK331U!H H KaTOreHe38. B03HIIKlIOBCIIHe

MHOfOKJlCTO'lHOCTH, 6HJ1arepanbHoA CtlMMCTpHH, ueQIamoawtll, nOJlHMepll38UHJl

II OJltlroMepH3llU1Ul. np06J1CMa nepcxo.!lHblx <PoPM 11 8UIllIH3 3BOIlIOW!.OHHblX

B:lllKMOCBIIII3CA MClKJIy pa:JnI1'lltLlMI1 T8KCOllaMH.

k'OIlN'ItcnO ....('0.,. UIH...etI0UHHC pn,tlvt08 H A),AHTOpNblC Cl.'\tOCT.

"'p .~ JICKQ,HH nPI~~1 JlIIi. KCP p.....I:eMHIUID. "lIIH8T1IB

I BK.!lcHHC - - - 2II Uapcno ProI:i$lll 2 - •n rdlwHc

III Uapcno Animll;1 2 - 2 10NHGrOltItCTO'IH WC lIOIlOlltlolC.

HHlWHC NHOroKlleTO'lHWC H

u HIolC lKHiIOntWC

IV nlycropotlHC , - 4 - 54CH~NCTpM'IHt.Ie ""HIlOTHbiC -

Bilateral;&. nq.H'lHOPOrwC

Proloslomil

V BTOpH'I1tOp(lTWC, - • - 40

Deutoros\Omia

VI OcHOBHWC :JTalIloi H 2 - - 43IKOHO.wepttOCTlt :tIOIlIOIl,I<H

lIOIllOTltlolJl.

"rom 18 - 14 - "'

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}~ ~i·h:ile. g;;1[.,....- ..a .. 11:"';1 H I;.. "'" .. !';' :::l""'--;:;:5f!;t .= ri~t"' I" , 5: ;" "i l:' ,. "1~" ;I.,. !!: ,.

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nEPE'IEHb JlA60PATOPHbiX 3AHRTItA(2 'I. kIDl(,ltoe)

1. 11111 Coelenterata. TIlII Plathclminthcs.2. TI111 Nematoda. 11111 Mollusca.J. Tl1n Anhropoda.4. TMII Echinodermata. THII Chordat.a. rloJ(THnw Cephalocliordata, Tunieala. HHq,plITllII

Agnatha.So K.nacc Chondrichthyes. ICJtac<: Ostcicll1hyes. K.nacc Amphibia.6. A>WoIHIIIl II IlMHM(I'nl. KJlaee Reptilia, K.nacc Aves.7. Knaee Mammalia.

nPOTOKon COrJIACOBAHIDI Yl{EliHofi nPOrPAMMblno H3YlIAEMOfi Yl{EEHOA ttHCWinJIHHE

C jlPYrHMJ1 ttHCL.U-tfUlHHAMJ1 CITEl..{.liAJIhHe><.:TI1

HalBaHHe "alBaHHe npeJVIo:.t.:eHHII PeweHHf.

llHeQKII.'lKKbl. ..a4lellpbl 06 HlMfHfHHIIll: B eOllep*aHKH npHHIITGee l«lTOpoli y"lc6HOii nporpaMMhI ..a~po'.yPc6yeTtII no KlY"IafMOH Y'Ie6HOM palpa6o'raawd

eorJlaeOaaHHf IIHeQHnJlHHf y"4f6HYlO

nporpaMMy (eYKnaHMfM llaTW

K HOMepanDOTOKOJIa)1

nPHllO:>KEHHE 7

.QOn01LHEHM5I H H3MEHEHIDI K yttEEHOfi npOrPAMMEno H3Yl{A£MO~yttEEHO~tlHCl..lHnJIHHE

Ha I )"le6l1wi1 roll

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Y-.e6"u nporpa.\fMa nepecMO'Tpelia H oll06pella lIa 3aCe}UlHHH KlIlPelqlW(!1pOTOKOJI N!!~_ OT 201_ r.)

3aBe.lU'lOUlHn KaljIeJIPOi1

, flpoo_~" npo- MI GIS ................ ""_""" f"06ItoA rJPOfll&IoU''' no"'~ )"IC6ttoll--