lycopene β-carotene the relationship between daily intake of β-carotene and lycopene, metabolic...
TRANSCRIPT
Lycopeneβ-Carotene
The relationship between Daily intake of β-carotene and lycopene, metabolic syndrome and acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
Date:2012/12/28實習生 : 辜祥霖
指導老師 : 蕭佩珍營養師
01
powerful antioxidant actions
suppress the growth of tumors prevention of heart disease
Age-related macular degeneration
02Lycopene Health Conditions
Raw tomato
Cooked tomato
Sun-dried Tomato
Persimmon
GuavaGrapefruit Watermelon Red Cabbage
Lycopene 0345902μg per 100g 4631μg per cup 7298μg per cup 159μg per 100g
1419μg per 100 g 4532μg per 100g 5204μg per 100g 20μg per 100g
Preventing Vitamin A Deficiency
Immune-Enhancing Activity Antioxidant -Enhancing Activity
Promoting Proper Cell Communication
04β-Carotene Health Conditions
Carrot Pumpkin Sweet potato Spinach
ApricotsKale Cantaloupe Mango
β-Carotene 059444μg per 100g 8285μg 100 g
9226μg 100 g
4570μg 100 g
Daily intake of fruit and vegetable soups processed in different ways increases human serum β-carotene and lycopene concentrations and reduces levels of several
oxidative stress markers in healthy subjects
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al.Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
06
INTRODUCTION
07
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al.Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
INTRODUCTION
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
2 differently processed fruit and vegetable soups the bioavailability of β-carotene and lycopenethe biological markers of oxidative stress cardiovascular risk
08
MATERIALSAND
METHODS
09
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al.Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
69 participants
FFQ
REFERENCE SOUP17 M, 17 F
2.5% OLIVE OILTraditional process
OPTIMISED SOUP18M, 17F
5% OLIVE OILHPH (High Pressure homogenisation)
INTERVENTION
35 men + 34 womenAge: 30 ± 10 years old
TEST SOUPS
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
OXIDATIVE STRESS
MARKERS
CONCENTRATIONS
β-carotene lycopene
MATERIALS AND METHODS
300mL/dRough, small hard particles
300mL/dSmooth,glossy
10
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
4 Weeks
Table 1β-Carotene, lycopene and folate concentrations of test soups.
Values are means ± SEM.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Listed foods : tomato and derivatives, carrot, broccoli, Swiss chard, spinach, watermelon, medlar, orange, tangerine, apricot, yellow plum, and other foods, such as liver, paté and fortified cereals.
11
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
Table 2Anthropometric and dietary characteristics of the participants before the intervention period.
Values are means ± SEM. BMI, body mass index; W, waist; H, hip; E, energy; CHO, carbohydrate. n (reference) = 17 M; 17 F; n (optimised) = 18 M; 17 F. a Significantly different from those of the reference group (Student’s unpaired t-test, p < 0.05).
MATERIALS AND METHODS 12
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
RESULTS
13
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al.Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
Table 3Serum biochemical and folate concentration before (wk 0) and after 4 weeks (wk 4) of soup intake.
Values are means ± SEM. Gluc, glucose; TG, triglycerides; Total-C, total-cholesterol; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; tHcy, homocysteine. n (reference) = 17 M; 17 F; n (optimised) = 18 M; 17 F.a Significantly different from those at wk 0 (Student’s paired t test, P < 0.05).b Mean values at wk 0 were significantly different between reference and optimised group (Student’s unpaired t test, P < 0.05).
RESULTS 14
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
Table 4Serum markers of oxidative status before (wk 0) and after 4 weeks (wk 4) of soup intake.
Values are means ± SEM. LDL, low density lipoprotein; Cr, creatinine; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine; Eq As, equivalents ascorbic; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; SOD, superoxide dismutase. n (reference) = 17 M; 17 F; n (optimised) = 18 M; 17 F.a Significantly different from those at wk 0 (Student’s paired t-test, p < 0.05).b Significantly different from those of the reference group (Univariate general lineal model with the value of the selected parameter at wk 0 as covariable, p < 0.05).c Mean values at wk 0 were significantly different between reference and optimised group (Student’s unpaired t-test, p < 0.05).
RESULTS 15
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
Fig. 1. Carotenoid serum concentrations before (wk 0) and after 4 weeks (wk 4) of reference (Ref) or optimised (Opt) soup intake. Values are means ± SEM, n = 34 for reference soup group, n = 35 for optimised soup group. ⁄Represents statisticallysignificant differences between wk 0 and wk 4, p 6 0.001 (Student’s paired t-test).ƚ Represents statistically significant differences in change of serum carotenoid concentrations between optimised and reference group, p 6 0.001 (univariate general lineal model with the value of the corresponding carotenoid at wk 0 ascovariable).
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
μm
ol/
L
Ref RefOpt Opt
β-carotene Lycopene
*
*
*
*
WK 0
WK 4
RESULTS 16
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
CONCLUSION
17
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al.Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
CONCLUSION
OPTIMISED SOUP
After 4 weeks
OXIDATIVE STRESS
MARKERS
REFERENCE SOUP
PLASMA
β-carotenelycopene
Total-C:HDLHDL:LDLtHcy(μM)
Oxidised LDL(U/L)8-OHdG(μmoL/L)
GPx(U/g Hb)SOD(U/g Hb)
18
R. Martĺnez-tomás et al. Food Chem. 2012;134:127-33.
Dietary Carotenoid Intake Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in
Middle-Aged and Elderly Men
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
19
INTRODUCTION
20
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
INTRODUCTION
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
The association between carotenoids and metabolic syndrome
21
PARTICIPANTSAND
METHODS
22
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
male population aged 40–80 y374 participantsFFQ (178 food items during the past year)
23
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
Metabolic syndromeNational Cholesterol Education Program 3 or more are met: fasting serum glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L, Serum HDL-cholesterol < 1.0 mmol/L,serum triglyceride concentrations ≥ 1.7mmol/L, waist circumference > 102 cm, blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, or use of hypertensive medication.
PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS 24
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
RESULTS
25
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
TABLE 1 Dietary intake and other characteristics of middle-aged and elderly male participants according to quartiles of total dietary carotenoid intake1
RESULTS
26
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
1 Values are mean ± SD or n (percentage), n =374.2 All nutrient intakes were adjusted for energy intake.3 Variables in serum were measured in blood samples taken from fasting participants.4 Bachelor or Master of Science degree.5 According to definition National Cholesterol Education Program (25).
TABLE 3 Multivariate associations between quartiles of dietary carotenoid intake and metabolic syndrome risk factors in middle-aged and elderly men1
RESULTS
27
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
1 Values are b (95% CI) from linear regression models adjusted for age, education level, smoking, physical activity, BMI (except for waist circumference, visceral and subcutaneous fat, BMI), energy-adjusted intakes of vitamin C, fiber, and alcohol, n =374. Asterisks indicatedifferent from quartile 1: *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01.2 P-value for linear trend over quartiles of intake.3 Ref., reference group.4 Variables were log-transformed before the analyses.5 Variables in serum were measured in blood samples taken from fasting participants.
CONCLUSION
28
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
CONCLUSION
β-carotene lycopene
Waist cicumference
Visceral fat
Subcutaneous fat BMI
Serum triglycerides
Metabolic Syndrome
29
Sluijs et al. J. Nutr. 2009;139:987-92.
Low serum lycopene and β-carotene increase risk ofacute myocardial infarction in men
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
30
INTRODUCTION
31
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this study was to find out whether serum carotenoids may protect against AMI.
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
32
METHODS
33
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
METHODS
11.5 follow-up years1038 Middle-aged men (844 men without AMI, 194 men with AMI)
Eastern FinlandBlood Biochemical analysisSerum carotenoids concentration
34
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
RESULTS
35
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study population with and without AMI (n = 1031 men)
RESULTS
36
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
Bold values are statistically significant.a: Continuous variables are presented as mean (standard deviations).b: P for differences between those with and without AMI for continuous variables (the independent-samples t-test).c: Dichotomous variables are presented as percentage.d: P-value for categorical variables (chi-squared test).
Table 2 Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals of acute myocardial infarction by tertiles of serum concentrations of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins
RESULTS
37
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
a: Tertiles of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins (mmol/l):lycopene: <0.08, 0.08–0.19, >0.19; a-Carotene: <0.06, 0.06–0.11,>0.11; b-Carotene: <0.25, 0.25–0.40, >0.40; Retinol: <1.88, 1.88–2.25, >2.25; a-Tocopherol: <24.6, 24.6–30.3, >30.3.b: Adjusted for age and examination year.c: Adjusted for age, examination year, BMI, SBP, smoking, alcohol intake, serum LDL cholesterol, years of education, physical activity, symptomatic CHD or CHD history, diabetes,antihypertensive medication, drug for high cholesterol and anyβ-adrenergic blocking agent.
CONCLUSION
38
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
CONCLUSION
Low serum lycopene and β-carotene concentrations
The risk of AMI in men
39
Karppi et al. European Journal of Public Health. 2011; 1-5
SUMMARY
40
SUMMARY
IMPROVE?
PREVENTION?
Low serum lycopene and β-carotene increase risk of acute myocardial infarction in men
Dietary Carotenoid Intake Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men
Daily intake of fruit and vegetable soups processed in different ways increases human serum β-carotene and lycopene concentrations and reduces levels of several oxidative stress markers in healthy subjects
41
42