M 04Where is it?

How do you talk about Positions/ Locations?

It’s inside of me!

Where is the sushi?

Index• Position/ Location Words

• Where is it?So, how does it work? 日本ご memo Question

• What is there?So, how does it work? 日本ご memo Question

にほんごできます！ Lesson4: Asking locationshttps://www.erin.ne.jp/en/lesson04/explanation/index.html

Location/ Position Words

front

まえ

behindうしろ

on/ above

上うえ

under

下した

inside

中なか

outsideそと

besideよこ

日本ご memoCheck out the Kanji!

kanji readingmeaning

how todraw

how the kanjiwas created

上 うえon, above, up

An arm indicating “UP here!”

下 したunder, down

An arm pointing DOWN

中 なかinside, middle

A bar IN the MIDDLE

前 まえfront, before

They are ready in FRONT of you

Where is the sushi?Where is the sushi? すしは どこに あります

か。The sushi is on the table. すしは テーブルの 上に あります。The sushi is in the box. すしは はこの 中に あります。

Where is the cat? ねこは どこに いますか。The cat is under the bed. ねこは ベッドの 下に います。The sushi is beside the TV. ねこは テレビの よこに います。

So, how does it work?すしsushinoun

Where is the sushi?

は“topic”particle

どこwherequestion

に“location”particle

ありますexist (inanimate)verb

か。?particle

すしsushinoun

The sushi is on the table.

は“topic”particle

上onlocation

に“location”particle

あります。exist verb

テーブルtablenoun

の‘sparticle

すしsushinoun

The sushi is inside of the box.

は“topic”particle

中insidelocation

に“location”particle

あります。exist verb

はこboxnoun

の‘sparticle

ねこcatnoun

The cat is under the bed.

は“topic”particle

下underlocation

に“location”particle

います。exist verb

ベッドbednoun

の‘sparticle

ねこcatnoun

The cat is beside the TV.

は“topic”particle

よこbesidelocation

に“location”particle

います。exist verb

テレビTVnoun

の‘sparticle

日本ご memoTo describe “where something is” (location/ position), you just need to think about what comes first, second and so on (word order) plus particles following them.

So first, “something/someone” whose location to describe, + particle は .

すしsushi

は“topic”

Second, “something/someone” as a “location” + “’s” particle の .

テレビTV

の’s

Third, “location/position word” + “’location” particle に .

ON top of

上onに“location”

Finish with あります or います , depending on the main item is animate or inanimate.

あります。exist

This sentence pattern has a very good rhythm with the particles.

main noun は

sub noun の

locationword に あります

います

QuestionsHow do you say this in Japanese?

Where is the phone? でんわphone

どこwhere

は”topic”

に”location”

ありますexist

か。?

The phone is on the table. でん

わphone

上on

は”topic”

に”location”

あります。exist

テーブルtable

の‘s

The phone is in the bag. でん

わphone

中inside

は”topic”

に”location”

あります。exist

かばんbag

の‘s

The phone is under the chair. でん

わphone

下under

は”topic”

に”location”

あります。exist

いすchair

の‘s

The dog is behind the TV. いぬ

dogうしろbehind

は”topic”

に”location”

います。exist

テレビTV

の‘s

The dog is beside the bed. いぬ

dogよこbeside

は”topic”

に”location”

います。exist

ベッドbed

の‘s

What is in the box?What is in the box? はこの 中に 何が あります

か。In the box, there is sushi. はこの 中に すしが あります。

つくえの 上に 何が ありますか。

What is on the desk?

On the desk, there is a USB. つくえの 上に USB が あり

ます。まどの うしろに 何が いますか。

What is behind the window?

Behind the window, there is a ninja. まどの うしろに にんじゃが います。What is under the bag? かばんの 下に 何が ありますか。

Under the bag, there is an iPod. かばんの 下に iPod が あります。

So, how does it work?What is in the box?

か。?particle

はこboxnoun

が“focus”particle

中insidelocation

に“location”particle

ありますexist verb

何whatquestion

の‘sparticle

Inside the box, there is sushi.

はこboxnoun

が“topic”particle

中insidelocation

に“location”particle

あります。exist verb

すしsushinoun

の‘sparticle

On the desk, there is a phone.

つくえdesknoun

が“topic”particle

上onlocation

に“location”particle

あります。exist verb

でんわphonenoun

の‘sparticle

Behind the window, there is a ninja.

まどwindownoun

が“topic”particle

うしろbehindlocation

に“location”particle

います。exist verb

にんじゃninjanoun

の‘sparticle

Beside the bed, there is a cat.

ベッドbednoun

が“topic”particle

よこbesidelocation

に“location”particle

います。exist verb

ねこcatnoun

の‘sparticle

日本ご memoThis time, using location/ position words, focus is on “what is there (in a certain location)?” Again, you just need to think about what comes first, second and so on (word order) plus particles following them.

So first, “something” as a “location” + “’s” particle の .

はこbox

の‘s

Second, “location/position word” + “’location” particle に .

中inside

に“location”

Third, “something/someone” in the location + “focus” particle が .

inside

すしsushi

が“focus”

Finish with あります or います , depending on the main item is animate or inanimate.

あります。exist

This sentence pattern also has a very good rhythm with the particles.

sub noun の

locationword に

mainnoun が あります

います

QuestionsHow do you say this in Japanese?

What is in the bag? かばんbag

に”location”

ありますexist

か。?

が”focus”

の‘s中inside

何what

In the bag, there is an obento. かば

んbag

に”location”

あります。exist

が”focus”

の‘s中inside

おべんとうobentoWhat is under the

desk? つくえdesk

に”location”

ありますexist

か。?

が”focus”

の‘s下under

何what

Under the desk, there is a phone. つく

えdesk

に”location”

の‘s下under

あります。exist

が”focus”

でんわphoneWhat is on the

house? いえhouse

に”location”

いますexist

か。?

が”focus”

の‘s上on

何what

On the house, there is a ninja. いえ

houseに”location”

の‘s上on

います。exist

が”focus”

にんじゃninja