magrove families

8/7/2019 magrove families

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Unique ecosystem. Generally found along sheltered coasts.

Grow abundantly in saline soil and brackish water subject to

periodic fresh-water and salt-water inundation.

Have specific characteristics such as tough root systems, special

bark and leaf structures and other unique adaptations to enablethem to survive in their habitat's harsh conditions.

Habitat is soft, silty and shallow, coupled with the endless ebb and

flow of water providing very little support for most mangrove

plants which have aerial or prop roots (known as

pneumatophores, or respiratory roots) and buttressed trunks.

Despite its smelly reputation, a mangrove forest is a very dynamic

and highly productive ecosystem. It not only plays multiple

ecological functions essential to its surrounding habitats, but is

also an important resource for coastal communities.


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FAMILY GENUS COMMON NAME

Acanthaceae,

Avicenniaceae or

Verbenaceae

Avicennia, 9 Black mangrove

CombretaceaeCombretaceae Conocarpus, 1Laguncularia, 11

Lumnitzera, 2

Buttonwood, Whitemangrove

Arecaceae Nypa, 1 Mangrove palm

Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera, 6

Ceriops, 2

Kandelia, 1Rhizophora, 8

Red mangrove

Lythraceae Sonneratia, 5 Mangrove apple


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FAMILY GENUS

Acanthaceae Acanthus, 1 Bravaisia, 2

Bombacaceae Camptostemon, 2

Cyperaceae Fimbristylis, 1

Euphorbiaceae Excoecaria, 2

Lecythidaceae Barringtonia, 6

Lythraceae Pemphis, 1

Meliaceae Xylocarpus, 2

Myrsinaceae Aegiceras, 2

Myrtaceae Osbornia, 1

Pellicieraceae Pelliciera, 1

Plumbaginaceae Aegialitis, 2

Pteridaceae Acrostichum, 3

Rubiaceae Scyphiphora, 1

Sterculiaceae Heritiera, 3


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0

24

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

9

14

1

17

5

3 21

2

6

12 2 1 1

2 31

3

GENUS VS FAMILY

genus


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Combretaceae

Lythraceae

Arecaceae

Rhizophoraceae


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Lumnitzera littorea and Lumnitzera racemosa

Lumnitzera littorea has red flowers whereas

Lumnitzera racemosa has white flowers.Both species have flat and spoon-shaped

(spathulate) leaves with emarginate tips.

Lumnitzera racemosa dominates in thewestern part of the range and L. littoreadominates in the east. Hybrids occur withinthe zone of overlap.


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Direction to the land

Nipa palm has a horizontaltrunk

Leaves and flower stalkgrow upwards above the

surface Lowers are a globular

inflorescence of femaleflowers


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1. LeavesObovate, with a width almost equal to thelength, apex is often rounded oremarginated, but sometimes the apex shows asmall pointed end.

2. Flowers and Fruits

Flowers are rather large (in comparison to theother Kenyan mangrove species), rangingbetween 2 and 4 cm in length. S. alba can easilybe recognized by the numerous white stamens.Flowers open in the evening and are pollinatedby bats. Flowers are usually already spent in the

morning. Fruits are globous, up to 5 cm indiameter.

3. RootsPneumatophores reaching 1 m, but moretypically 30 cm height are encountered in themangroves of Gazi bay, Kenya.


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Leaves are opposite

decussate, simple with short

petiole, conspicuous, prominent

reddish midrid at base.

Fruit a berry green with six

persistent calyx lobes at maturity

flat with sharp pointed long style. Germination epigeal, not

viviparous


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oLeaves opposite

decussate, simple

, petioles longoLeaves have

pointed apex

oPropagules long

measuring 30

cmto 40 cm, dark

green


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Vivipari (vegetative)


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Many fish, shrimp and crabs for commercial

value.

Log wood, boat and build house

Fish trap, souvenir

Medicinal plant

Charcoal


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Mangrove forest has several family and

each family have their own species. Thespecies have their own characteristic that

help us to identify and compare with

other species. Mangrove forest also havetheir usage that can give us benefit.

magrove families

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