Many people were discouraged from emigrating by the idea of crossing the Atlantic.

OFF

What …………………………………………………………………..…

the idea of crossing the Atlantic.

put many people off emigrating was

First you complete this form and then you post it to the embassy.

FILL

What you have ……………………………………………………………… this form and then post it to the embassy.

to do is fill in to do is fill out

phrasal verb

phrasal verb

It’s possible that the heavy traffic is delaying Martin.

HOLDING

What may …………………………………………………………...…… is the heavy traffic.

be holding Martin up be holding up Martin

I'm so sorry, I didn't realise it was so late.

TRACK

Sorry, I ........................................................................................ time.lost track of completely lost track of

phrasal verb

collocation

modal verb of deduction

Sandra said she was going to call me, but it looks like she’s forgotten.

MUST

Sandra …………………………………………..……………………… she would call me.

must have forgotten (that) she said

modal verb of deduction

What sort of personality may/might/could he have?

What may/might/could he be doing?

What sort of personality may/might/could he have?

What may/might/could he be doing?

………accurate ………important ………selfish ………legal

………possible ………regular ………similar ………tolerant

in un un il

im ir dis in

inaccuracy

unimportance

unselfishness

illegality

impossibilityirregularitydissimilarityintolerance

appear become invisible

claim claim back

inform give the wrong information

judge judge in advance

react react more than necessary

stabilise make something unstable

state describe something to make it less important

disappear

reclaim

misinform

prejudge

overreact

destabilise

understate

disappearancereclamation*misinformationprejudgementoverreactiondestabilisationunderstatement

biography when a person writes about himself/herself

owner a joint owner

politician someone who was a politician in the past

trust feeling of being unable to trust someone

circle half a circle

autobiography

co-owner

ex-politician

mistrust / distrust

autobiographical

semi-circle

no adjectiveco-owned

mistrustfulsemi-circular

OTHER PREFIXES

ANTI FORE

INTER

antisocial foresee

international

OUT

outnumber

MULTI

multi-storey

COUNTER

counterproductive

POST

postgraduate

MONO

monolingual

BI

bimonthly

POLY

polytheistic

NOUN

SUFFIXES

ADJECTIVE, VERB or NOUN + SUFFIX = NOUN

-ATION -ION -NESS

-SHIP -(I)TY -ISM

recommend act dark

friend popular tour

recommendation action darkness

friendship popularity tourism

-ENCE

prefer

preference

-MENT

pay

payment

-TH

grow

growth

-AL

arrive

arrival*

-HOOD

brother

brotherhood

-ANCE

perform

performance

OTHER SUFFIXES

-Y

-OUR

-DOM

modest

behave

modesty

behaviour*

free

freedom

There are often spelling variations

APPROVE

VARIOUS

IMMUNE

STRONG

PUBLISH

APPROV-AL

VARI-ETY

IMMUN-ITY

POSSIBLE

POSSIBIL-ITY

PUBLIC-ATION

STRENG-TH

INTELLIGENT

INTELLIG-ENCE

-ATION

EXPLAIN

EDUCATED

EXPLANATION

EDUCATION

-ION

REACT

CONNECT

REACTION

CONNECTION

-MENT

DEVELOP

DISAPPOINT

DEVELOPMENT

DISAPPOINTMENT

-NESS

FRIENDLY

CONSCIOUS

FRIENDLINESS

CONSCIOUSNESS

-SHIP

HARD

MEMBER

HARDSHIP

MEMBERSHIP

-(I)TY

NAIVE

REGULAR

NAIVETY

REGULARITY

-ISM

RACE

ALCOHOL

RACISM

ALCOHOLISM

-TH

LONG

YOUNG

LENGTH

YOUTH

-ANCE

APPEAR

RESIST

APPEARANCE

RESISTANCE

-ENCE

INDEPENDENT

EXIST

INDEPENDENCE

EXISTENCE

-HOOD

LIKELY

MOTHER

LIKELIHOOD

MOTHERHOOD

-AL

REMOVE

REFUSE

REMOVAL

REFUSAL

-Y

HONEST

JEALOUS

HONESTY

JEALOUSY

-DOM

BORE

KING

BOREDOM

KINGDOM

SUPERVISE

SING SINGER

SUPERVISOR

The suffixes for a PERSON who does the action expressed by the verb are……

-ER

-OR

The suffix for a PERSON to whom the action expressed by the verb is being done is……

TRAIN TRAINEE-EE

If ……………..…………………………………..… the process at the conference, your boss will be pleased.

As long as you can explain the process clearly at the conference, your boss will be pleased.

GIVE

you give a clear explanation of/about

READING AND USE OF ENGLISH – PART 4

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given.