march5 2009-workshop-slides
TRANSCRIPT
Home Heating Workshop
Agenda
6:30 Introduction/Purpose…………………5 min……...Alan Gibson6:35 Energy Design ……………………...15min…..….Jeremy Neven6:55 Solar Thermal…………….………….40min……...Rick Rooney
Break……..…………15 min……
7:45 Geothermal…………….…………40 min…………Michael Tiffe8:25 Closing……………………………..5 min ………....Alan Gibson8:30 Networking………………………..30 min
Purpose
To provide more indepth knowledge of solar thermal and geothermal renewable clean technologies and the process to implement that will support participant home heating project actions To provide points of contact and resource assistance to participants post workshop
Technical HOW TO Workshops -Outline-
Follow - up HOW TO workshops focused on :
Home Heating : March 5 from 6:30-8:30 at SLC – Rm 01040
Home Power : March 9 at SLC from 6:30-8:30 in Rm 01040
Biomass and Conservation : March 10 from 6:30- 8:30 in Rm 01040
You will be able to :decide which system(s) is best for your purposes
compare costs and understand more on grants
evaluate whether you want to do it yourself or
Interact one on one with qualified contractors and how to proceed with your project
Energy Efficient Design
Introduction
Building Programs & Grants
All programs and grants reward energy efficient products.
Comfort & Code ComplianceoOccupant Expectations
oSystem controloBudgetoHealth IssuesoCompeting Equipment
oCode requirementsoOBC – Part 12oEnerGuide 80oHome rating oTSSAoElectrical safetyoEnvironmental impacts
Workshop outline
Workshop outline
Einstein’s description of insanity…
“Doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results.”
Organizing your build / reno
Understanding your design criteria
Grants & Programs
Site selection
1. Passive solar angles2. System solar gains3. Shadowing4. Easements5. Surface water run off6. Rain water catchment7. Setbacks8. Special Considerations9. Neighbors
OrientationHouse orientation can cut A/C loads by more then 1 ton in some cases.
Facing your house in the right direction allows for other systems to take full advantage of optimum sun angles.
Structural1. Solar optimization
1. Roof size2. Roof pitch3. Mass4. Overhang
2. Structural loading1. Additional weight applied by systems on the structure2. Wind loading
3. Additional Considerations1. Tower supports2. Energy storage
Heating Systems
Should be the most efficient system
Continues to consume year after year
Needs to be designed to use energy efficiently
Integrate other systems in the design phase
Cooling Systems
1. Normally the largest electrical draw
2. Typically uses compressors to remove heat1. True of most Geothermal and air source heat pumps as well
3. Previous considerations should be used to reduce the building loads
4. Are there natural elements that can accomplish all or part
VentilationSeparate from
EXHAUSTHUMIDIFICATIONDEHUMIDIFICATIONFILTRATION
Required for the health of the home and occupants
•Negative Pressure•Positive Pressure•HRV
System Integration
PROPER DESIGN
Many considerations prior to the start of any projectMake sure the project “fits you”Know who your dealing with and their qualificationsMake sure all systems compliment each other
Solar Thermal WORKSHOP
Workshop outline
Introduction
Technology Overview
Case Study
Questions and Follow-up
Who we are•Kingston Based Company
•We design, install, and service all types of Solar Thermal, PV, and Wind power systems
•To Date we have designed and installed over 550 solar thermal collectors
Solar Energy
Two types of Solar Energy: Light and HeatTwo types of Solar Energy: Light and Heat
PV (Solar Electric) uses the photovoltaic effect (discovered PV (Solar Electric) uses the photovoltaic effect (discovered 1839) to change 1839) to change solar energysolar energy into electricity (10into electricity (10--15% 15% efficient)efficient)
Solar Thermal captures the Solar Thermal captures the solar heat energysolar heat energy for water for water or space heating (50or space heating (50--85% efficient)85% efficient)
Solar Trends
••Solar power world wide has grown over 40% per year Solar power world wide has grown over 40% per year for the last 6 yearsfor the last 6 years
••Technology is advancing and the price per Technology is advancing and the price per KwKw to to produce energy by solar is droppingproduce energy by solar is dropping
••An aging conventional electricity industry coupled An aging conventional electricity industry coupled with growing air quality with growing air quality concerns is driving growth in solar power.concerns is driving growth in solar power.
••Rising fuel prices are making solar competitiveRising fuel prices are making solar competitive
Solar Thermal : Types
••SDHW = Solar Domestic Hot WaterSDHW = Solar Domestic Hot Water
••CombiCombi Systems= SDHW and space heatingSystems= SDHW and space heating
••Solar Air Heating SystemsSolar Air Heating Systems
••Solar Pool Heating SystemsSolar Pool Heating Systems
Solar Thermal : Types
SOLAR SUPPLYSOLAR SUPPLY
HEATING
LOAD
Jan
Mar
Jun Sept
Dec
DHW
LOAD
COOLING LOAD
Solar Domestic Hot Water
SDHW
SDHW
2 Types: 2 Types:
1.1. Flat Plate = 4Flat Plate = 4’’ x 8x 8’’ glazed collector glazed collector
2.2. Evacuated Tube= Header with a series of evacuated Evacuated Tube= Header with a series of evacuated tube collectorstube collectors
SDHW : Flat Plate
SDHW : Flat Plate
1. Frame 2. Seal 3. Tempered Glass 4. Frame – side-wall
profile 5. Thermal insulation 6. Copper sheet
absorber 7. Fluid channel 8. Fixing slot 9. Rear wall
SDHW : Evacuated Tube
SDHW : Evacuated Tube
SDHW Efficiency
SDHW
2 Types: Which One Is Best????2 Types: Which One Is Best????
SDHW
2 Types: Which One Is Best????2 Types: Which One Is Best????
Generally Evacuated tubes are chosen if winter space Generally Evacuated tubes are chosen if winter space heating is desired. For straight SDHW it is a toss up.heating is desired. For straight SDHW it is a toss up.
SDHW: Flat Plate= 16.7% ROI
SDHW:Evacuated Tubes=17%ROI
SDHW : Types
Things to consider:Things to consider:
1.1. Aesthetics of the systemAesthetics of the system2.2. Space on roofSpace on roof3.3. Direction of roof faceDirection of roof face4.4. Potential shadingPotential shading5.5. Storage tank spaceStorage tank space6.6. Pipe run locationPipe run location
SDHW and Heating combi systems
•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems
SDHW and Heating combi systems
•SDHW with Space heating and pool heating
Solar Thermal : Types
SOLAR SUPPLYSOLAR SUPPLY
HEATING
LOAD
Jan
Mar
Jun Sept
Dec
DHW
LOAD
Solar Pool Heating systems
•Polypropylene Rubber Collectors
Solar Pool Heating systems
•Polypropylene Rubber Collectors
Solar Pool Heating systems
Solar Air Heating systems
Solar Air Heating
Maintenance Requirements
•SDHW systems need a glycol test every 3 years, may need to be replaced at a cost of $100- 150 for the visit
•Pool systems will require proper draining every fall. This may require an annual service visit if roof draining is required
Current Incentives
Residential:•EcoEnergy for Homes will pay $1000 for SDHW system•PST rebate on the purchase of any solar thermal system•Renovation tax credit of 15% (after first $1000) up to a total of $1000•Utilities Kingston SDHW rental program
Commercial:•EcoEnergy for Heat will pay roughly 35 – 55% of a solar thermal system to a maximum of $80,000 per project
Case Study: 2 Panel SDHW
Case Study
••22-- 4 X 8 panels captures approximately 3900 Kilowatt hours of ther4 X 8 panels captures approximately 3900 Kilowatt hours of thermal mal energy per year energy per year
••At 11 cents per kWh for electricityAt 11 cents per kWh for electricityAnnual savings = Annual savings = $427 per year$427 per year
Initial investment = Initial investment = $6350$6350Rebates available = Rebates available = $$1000 1000 EcoEnergyEcoEnergy = OSTHI= OSTHI
$772.50 tax refund$772.50 tax refund$193.73 PST rebate$193.73 PST rebate
Total out of pocket cost=Total out of pocket cost= $4357.00$4357.00
••Return on investment = Return on investment = 16.7%16.7%••Payback periodPayback period = 7.4 years= 7.4 years
Case Study
Case Study 2
8 panel pool system offsetting natural gas heated pool
Case Study
••88-- 4 X 10 pool panels captures approximately 9510 Kilowatt hours o4 X 10 pool panels captures approximately 9510 Kilowatt hours of f thermal energy per year thermal energy per year
••At 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAt 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAnnual savings = Annual savings = $763 per year$763 per year
Initial investment = Initial investment = $4900$4900Rebates available = Rebates available = $585.00 tax refund$585.00 tax refund
$147.00 PST rebate$147.00 PST rebateTotal out of pocket cost=Total out of pocket cost= $4168.00$4168.00
••Return on investment = Return on investment = 23.7%23.7%••Payback periodPayback period = 5.0 years= 5.0 years
Case Study 2
Case Study: Solar Air Heating
Case Study
••11-- 4 X 8 Solar 4 X 8 Solar SheatSheat panels captures approximately 2500 Kilowatt hours panels captures approximately 2500 Kilowatt hours of thermal energy per year of thermal energy per year
••At 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAt 48 cents per cubic meter for gasAnnual savings = Annual savings = $200 per year$200 per year
Initial investment = Initial investment = $2450$2450Rebates available = Rebates available = $217.50 tax refund$217.50 tax refund
$73.50 PST rebate$73.50 PST rebateTotal out of pocket cost=Total out of pocket cost= $2159$2159
••Return on investment = Return on investment = 9.3%9.3%••Payback periodPayback period = 10.7 years= 10.7 years
CONCLUDING REMARKS:
Solar Thermal is the most cost effective renewable energy systems available to the residential consumer.Solar thermal systems are cost effective with returns on investment of over 10%Of the solar thermal technologies pool heating has the best payback
GEOTHERMAL WORKSHOP
Workshop outline
Introduction
Technology (available systems)
Installation Issues
Cost Calculations & Financial Projections
Getting Your Project Done
Case Study
Questions and Follow-up
Geo-Thermal or Geo-Exchange?Geo-exchange systems refer to heat pump systems
connected to the earth to provide a source for energyDate as far back as 1912Gained significant market acceptance in the 1970’sThe 1980’s saw large uptake in installations and presently
the new grants available have seen a resurrection in popularity. The technology transfers heat from or to the earth/water to
provide space conditioning at greater efficiencies than a conventional systemMaybe renewable maybe not
Benefits Of Geo-exchange
Low Life Cycle CostLower operating and maintenance costsImproved comfortSmall equipment size (physical) Improved aesthetic design (no visible outdoor equipment
or visible wall penetrations)No noisy outdoor fan, more peaceful backyardProtected from vandalismIncreased equipment life spanHeating can be up to 400% efficientCooling can be up to 300% efficient
Disadvantages Of Geo-exchange
Higher initial installation costLower supply air temperaturesIncreased airflow requirementsLandscaping costsPossible backup system neededCirculating anti-freeze solution
Available Systems
•GCHP – Ground coupled Heat Pump•is where the heat pump cycle is direct linked to a closed ground heat exchanger buried in the soil.
•GWHP- Ground Water Heat Pump•where one of the heat exchangers is water cooled and the water is pumped from/to wells within the earth via open or closed pumping.
•SWHP – Surface Water Heat Pump•is where one of the heat exchangers is water cooled and the water is either closed loop or open loop pumped to/from a surface water body.
•GHP- Geothermal Heat Pump•is a widely used term which could reference any of the above or the water flow through buried loops.
Open vs Closed Loop•Open Systems
Usually utilize surface water bodies or well water fieldsMore dependent on climate as water temperatures fluctuate to a higher degree Potential for contamination
•Closed Loop Systems
Greater flexibility in usageUsually have higher pumps requirementsAnti-freeze is usually requiredMore stable loop temperature with some designs
Open Loop
•AdvantagesInstallation costs are less than closed loopPumping costs are typically less
•DisadvantagesTypically limited to smaller systemsClimate conditions can limit usageEnvironmental issuesFouling is a large maintenance issue
Closed Loop - Vertical
•AdvantagesRequires the least amount of landLease amount of total pipingCan require the least amount of pumping energy
•DisadvantagesDrilling costs are highBack filling requires special material & skillPotential for heat build-up
Closed Loop - Horizontal
•AdvantagesTrenching costs are less than drilling costsHeat build up is not as sensitive as vertical loop
•DisadvantagesRequires more landGreater ground temperature varianceTypically more piping is requiredGreater risk of piping damage during backfilling
Closed Loop – Slinky/Spiral
•AdvantagesRequires less land & trenching than horizontalLess installed cost than horizontal
•DisadvantagesStill requires more land than vertical loopsRequires more piping than horizontal & vertical loopsTypically higher pumping requirements
J F M A M J J A J F M A M J J A S O N DS O N DMonthMonth
Day of the YearDay of the Year
3232
4242
5252
6262
7272
8282
9292
00 4040 8080 120120 160160 200200 240240 280280 320320 360360
Ground SurfaceGround Surface2 FT2 FT5 FT5 FT
12 FT12 FT
Tem
pera
ture
( F)
Tem
pera
ture
( F)
Und
istu
rbed
Gro
und
Und
istu
rbed
Gro
und
Ground Temperature
Green Line = Outside Air Temp
Installation Issues
•Vertical? Horizontal? Surface Water?
•How much space is required?•Ground Properties
•Soil/rock type•Ground water
•Heat exchanger Design?•Piping/borehole layout•Heat transfer fluid?
•Bore Hole Drilling•Noise•Cleanup•Access
Installation Issues
•Finishing•Foundation drilling•Trenching•Backfill•Grouting•Landscaping•Equipment commissioning
Installation Issues
•Building Code•Permit? •Local Bylaws?•Drawings?
•Inspection of Work•Certificate of Installation•CSA C448 Standard
Operating Costs
Compared to the same output gas fired heating system, the cost of operation might be reduced by 66%
Government Incentives
•Federal•EcoEnergy Retrofit•Up to $3500 for Earth energy systems (CSA-C448 compliant)•Must have EcoEnergy audit performed•www.ecoaction.gc.ca
•Provincial•Ontario Home Energy Retrofit program•Matches EcoEnergy grants•http://www.homeenergyontario.ca/
Cost Calculations•Vertical Drilling
•$15-$20 per foot•Depth 200 to 300 feet•5 or 6 holes required
•Horizontal Trenching• 1200-1600 feet of piping• 5-6 feet deep• 2 foot wide• 600- 800 foot trench• $2-$3 per foot
Cost Calculations•Installation costs:
$20K to $30K for a 3-4 ton systemViewed as the primary barrierMuch higher than the new generation of high efficiency air source heat pumps and gas furnaces
• Energy cost savings:Most significant when replacing electric resistance or heating oil Marginal to no savings when compared high efficiency air source heat pumps and gas furnaces/AC systemsHighly dependant on the price of electricity vs natural gas/heating oil
Getting Your Project Done
•Assessing Needs•Land area? Water Source? Heat Loss/Heat Gain
•Specification of Equipment•Acquiring Approvals
•Municipal•Project Planning•Engaging Contractors
•Multiple bids•References•Accreditation
•Follow-ups & Maintenance•Service contract
Case Study
•Typical system•High-efficiency furnace $3,600•Hot water tank $2,000•Central air $3,000
•Geo-exchange System•Heat Pump $10,000•Ground loop $16,000•Hot Water Tank $1,500
•Operating Costs•Typical System $2,350•Heat Pump System $1,600
CONCLUDING REMARKS:
What type of system?Higher installation costsNeed qualified contractors for grantsLong equipment lifespanLow Life Cost
Closing
Purpose /products reviewFeedback forms pleaseFurther resource support requirementsOur support
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SWITCH - The Sustainable Energy People
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